CN108118572B - Piston type active aeration cooling device suitable for permafrost roadbed - Google Patents
Piston type active aeration cooling device suitable for permafrost roadbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118572B CN108118572B CN201810075848.9A CN201810075848A CN108118572B CN 108118572 B CN108118572 B CN 108118572B CN 201810075848 A CN201810075848 A CN 201810075848A CN 108118572 B CN108118572 B CN 108118572B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
Abstract
The invention discloses a piston type active ventilation cooling device suitable for a permafrost roadbed, which belongs to the field of permafrost roadbed maintenance and comprises a ventilation pipe, an air suction cylinder device, a hollow column, a wind following device and a wind energy conversion device; the hollow column is fixed beside the roadbed, the ventilation pipe is buried in the roadbed, the air outlet of the ventilation pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the hollow column, and the air extraction cylinder device is arranged in the hollow column and is positioned between the air inlet end of the air extraction cylinder device and the wind energy conversion device; the wind energy conversion device and the wind following device are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper section of the hollow column. The invention solves the problems that the traditional ventilation pipe roadbed has low ventilation efficiency, is easy to be blocked and invalid, has single installation mode and narrow adaptation surface, and can not be applied to wide roadbed in permafrost field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of permafrost roadbed maintenance, and particularly relates to maintenance of a wide roadbed in a permafrost field.
Background
Although railways are built in permafrost regions in the world for nearly a hundred years, the disease rate of the operation lines is still about 30 percent. Such as: the line disease rate of the second siberian railway built in the 70 th century of russia in 1994 reaches 27.5%, and the line disease rate of the first siberian railway built in the 1996 year of the last century is 40.5%; the railway disease rate in the permafrost region of northeast China reaches 40 percent. Because of the complexity of things, the troublesome technical problems of roadbed engineering in permafrost areas are not solved so far, wherein the settlement deformation of the roadbed is a main disease of highway and railway engineering. If the annual subsidence amount of a certain section of highway in north of great Khingan is 51 cm-61 cm, the annual subsidence amount of a certain section of railway is 27 cm-40 cm, the annual subsidence amount of the larger year can be 50 cm-100 cm, the annual subsidence amount at the position of Harbin dental floss K74 is 86cm, and the daily maximum subsidence amount is 3cm; 80% of the diseases of the Qinghai-Tibet road are caused by subgrade subsidence.
The Qinghai-Tibet railway is the plateau railway with the highest elevation and the longest line in the world, and long-term engineering practice shows that the key of the Qinghai-Tibet railway is on a roadbed, the key of the roadbed is frozen soil, and the key of the frozen soil is frozen soil with high ice content (volume ice content is more than 20 percent) at high temperature (annual average ground temperature is higher than-1.0 ℃). The full length of the Qinghai-Tibet railway gella-Lhasa section is 1142km, the section of the road above 4000m in altitude is 965km, and the section of the road passing through the permafrost of the plateau is 632km. In the line of the permafrost region of the 632km plateau, 275km of the high-temperature permafrost region, 221km of the high-ice-content permafrost region and 134km of the high-Wen Gaohan ice-content overlapped region. Compared with permafrost in high-latitude areas, the permafrost in Qinghai-Tibet plateau has the characteristics of high temperature, high ice content, thin thickness, poor stability, strong local difference, extremely poor mechanical stability and the like, and the engineering disturbance causes the influence of serious change of the frozen soil environment and global climate warming, so that the phenomenon of subgrade subsidence and cracking occurs in partial road sections of the permafrost area of less than two months of traffic of the Qinghai-Tibet railway; the accumulated settlement amount is increased after a plurality of sites of frozen soil road sections with the ice amount of Wen Gaohan in one year of traffic are worked, and no convergence trend exists; the ballast is continuously replenished and the road is lifted for ten years when the Qinghai-Tibet railway is in traffic, so that the thickness of a ballast bed is even more than 1.7m, the effect of partial treatment measures is limited, and the problems of roadbed stability and traffic safety caused by high Wen Gaohan frozen soil are increasingly remarkable.
The main core problem of the high speed of Qinghai-Tibet is permafrost, and there is also a need to control the deformation of the road surface as a whole. Compared with the Qinghai-Tibet railway, the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet expressway in the permafrost region faces more complex scientific and technical problems, namely, the construction is due to the strong heat absorption effect of the asphalt pavement and the closed pavement condition; secondly, the annual average heat flow of the lower part of the full-width or wide-width asphalt pavement is increased by 57%, the degradation of permafrost of the lower part is accelerated by 62%, and if the influence of climate change is considered, the degradation of the permafrost of the lower part of the expressway is amplified. Thirdly, the great engineering structures in the Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor are denser, and the structure groups have stronger mutual heat influence, especially on the mountain gorges Gu Ouduan. Thus, the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet highway in the permafrost region would face an unprecedented challenge.
Therefore, research on measures for controlling the settlement of permafrost roadbed is imperative. The ventilation pipe roadbed is an engineering measure for actively protecting frozen soil, is applied to roadbed construction of a frozen soil area of a Qinghai-Tibet railway for many years, has good effect, but the current ventilation pipe roadbed also has the problems of unreasonable, unscientific and the like, and is mainly characterized in that:
1) The ventilation pipe in summer is equivalent to a circulation channel of hot air, and is very unfavorable for protecting frozen soil;
2) The ventilation pipe is generally higher than the ground by a certain distance in the setting height, and water flow can enter the ventilation pipe due to the excessively low height, so that the cooling performance is affected, and a certain sedimentation deformation is caused;
3) The ventilation pipe is easily affected by natural wind and sand, and the function failure is caused by the blockage of the pipe orifice;
4) The existing ventilation pipe belongs to passive ventilation, is limited by factors such as natural wind direction, wind speed, set height and the like, and has a longer ventilation pipe and poorer effect, and has a very limited cooling effect on expressway subgrade with a size about 5 times larger than that of a railway.
In view of the above, the invention provides an active ventilation and cooling device suitable for permafrost wide roadbed by taking the control of permafrost roadbed settlement of the Qinghai-Tibet expressway as an application background, and aims to provide a new thought for permafrost roadbed construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the piston type active ventilation cooling device suitable for the permafrost roadbed solves the problems that a traditional ventilation pipe roadbed is low in ventilation efficiency, prone to blockage and failure, single in installation mode and narrow in adaptation surface, cannot be applied to a wide roadbed in a permafrost field, and particularly effectively controls settlement of a highway roadbed of high Wen Dongtu.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a piston type active ventilation cooling device suitable for a permafrost roadbed comprises a ventilation pipe, an air suction cylinder device, a hollow column, a wind following device and a wind energy conversion device; the hollow column is fixed beside the roadbed and is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the hollow column is formed by rotationally connecting an upper section and a lower section through a yaw bearing, the upper section and the lower section can rotate relatively on a horizontal plane, the ventilation pipe is embedded in the roadbed, and the air outlet of the ventilation pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the hollow column; the air suction cylinder device is arranged in the hollow column and is positioned between the air inlet end and the wind energy conversion device and comprises a piston, a piston rod and a one-way valve mechanism, the piston is arranged in the hollow column and is connected with the piston rod, the piston rod drives the piston to move up and down along the hollow column when moving up and down, the one-way valve mechanism comprises a one-way air inlet valve arranged between the piston and the air inlet end, the one-way air inlet valve limits the one-way flow of air in the hollow column from the air inlet end to the piston, and a one-way air outlet valve which only allows the one-way flow of air in the hollow column to the outside of the piston is correspondingly arranged on the piston; wind energy conversion device and chase after wind the device and locate hollow post upper segment both sides respectively, it includes fin and connecting rod to chase after wind the device, wind energy conversion device includes the flabellum, transmission shaft and swivel becket, the fin passes through the connecting rod and connects the hollow post upper segment and drive its upper flabellum and rotate along the relative hollow post lower segment of wind direction and keep the flabellum to the wind direction all the time, the swivel becket is vertical to be located in the hollow post, the transmission shaft passes hollow post and connects outside flabellum and inside swivel becket, drive the coaxial vertical rotation of swivel becket through the transmission shaft when the flabellum rotates, the piston rod upper end is connected with swivel becket rotation, the lower extreme is articulated with the piston ball, drive the piston through the piston rod when swivel along the hollow post up-and-down motion.
In the invention, the wind following device is provided with the tail wing, and the tail wing always keeps along the air flow direction under the action of air fluid, so that the wind following device automatically follows the wind direction, always keeps the fan blade of the wind energy conversion device facing the wind direction, and maximally utilizes wind energy. The natural wind drives the fan blades to rotate, the rotation of the fan blades drives the rotating ring to rotate in the vertical plane through the transmission shaft, the rotation of the rotating ring further drives the piston rod and the piston of the air suction cylinder device to reciprocate in the hollow column, and the air suction cylinder device always performs air suction action because the one-way valve mechanism limits air to flow outwards from the air inlet end of the hollow column to the piston, so that the air is continuously sucked out of the ventilation pipe, external air also continuously enters from the air inlet of the ventilation pipe, and then enters from the air outlet to the air inlet end of the air suction cylinder device, so that continuous active ventilation of the ventilation pipe is formed.
The invention adopts active ventilation, is not limited by factors such as natural wind direction, wind speed, set height and the like, has good effect even if the ventilation pipe is long, and has good cooling effect on expressway subgrade with the size about 5 times larger than that of a railway.
Alternatively, the air outlet end of the hollow column is a yaw bearing, the piston of the air suction cylinder device and the one-way air inlet valve are arranged on the lower section of the hollow column, one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the piston rod penetrates through the yaw bearing to be connected with a rotating ring arranged on the upper section of the hollow column. In the scheme, the piston rod pumps air into the upper part of the one-way air inlet valve through the piston, and finally the air is discharged from a gap of the yaw bearing steel ball to the outside.
Alternatively, the unidirectional air inlet valve comprises an air channel communicated with the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the hollow column, and a light ball, a spring and an air baffle which are arranged in the air channel, wherein the air baffle comprises an air inlet baffle close to one side of the air inlet end and an air outlet baffle close to one side of the air outlet end, the air inlet baffle seals the inner cavity of the air channel and is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air outlet baffle seals the inner cavity of the air channel and is provided with an air outlet hole; the light ball and the spring are arranged between the air inlet and outlet baffles, the size of the light ball is matched with that of the air inlet hole, the air inlet hole can be plugged, and the spring is arranged between the light ball and the air outlet hole and continuously applies elastic force for plugging the air inlet hole to the light ball. As a further option, the ventilation channel is Z-shaped and comprises an upper vertical section, a middle horizontal section and a lower vertical section which are communicated, and the light ball, the spring and the air baffle are all arranged on the middle horizontal section. In the scheme, when a piston rod of the air extraction cylinder device drives a piston to move away from a one-way air inlet valve to extract air, under the action of negative pressure, air enters from an air inlet hole of an air inlet baffle plate and forces a light ball to move to one side of an air outlet hole (at the moment, a spring is compressed), the air is released to seal the air inlet hole, then the air flows out from the air outlet baffle plate through the air outlet hole and finally enters a cavity between the one-way air inlet valve and the piston; when the piston rod of the air suction cylinder device drives the piston to move close to the one-way air inlet valve to pump air, the light ball restores to seal the air inlet hole under the action of the elasticity of the spring when the spring returns to stretch and the positive air pressure, and air is pressed to flow out from the one-way air outlet valve of the piston, so that the air suction process is completed.
Alternatively, the air inlet end of the hollow column is also provided with a baffle for blocking the air inlet end. In this scheme, when warm season, optional through separation blade shutoff inlet end, avoid summer ventilation pipe hot air's circulation, store the cold volume of cold season storage simultaneously in the ventilation pipe.
The air temperature monitoring system comprises a ground temperature detection device arranged in the ventilation pipe and used for detecting the foundation temperature, and an air temperature detection device arranged outside the roadbed and used for detecting the air temperature, wherein the baffle plate is controlled by the ground temperature and air temperature monitoring system to act, the baffle plate is controlled to block the air inlet end when the air temperature is higher than the ground temperature specified temperature, and the baffle plate is controlled to open the air inlet end when the air temperature is lower than the ground temperature specified temperature. In the scheme, the automatic control of the baffle plate can be realized through a ground temperature and air temperature monitoring system. The active ventilation cooling device has the advantages that on one hand, the active ventilation cooling device can be ensured to stop working at high temperature and continuously exhaust at low temperature; on the other hand, the problem that the exhaust device is in negative pressure work for a long time and is easy to damage due to the fact that the air inlet end is closed is effectively avoided.
Alternatively, the ventilation pipes are distributed in a curved manner in the roadbed.
As a further option, the ventilation pipes are distributed in a single layer or in multiple layers, vertically or horizontally, and arranged in the subgrade body or implanted into the seasonal freeze-thawing layer below the subgrade.
Alternatively, the air inlet of the ventilation tube is a downward bend. In this scheme, ventilation pipe air inlet is the return bend downwards for the ventilation pipe can not receive natural wind sand to influence and block up the mouth of pipe and lead to the function to become invalid.
Alternatively, the hollow column is fixed on the support and supported by the support.
The foregoing inventive subject matter and various further alternatives thereof may be freely combined to form a plurality of alternatives, all of which are employable and claimed herein; and the invention can be freely combined between the (non-conflicting choices) choices and between the choices and other choices. Various combinations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the present disclosure, and are not intended to be exhaustive or all of the present disclosure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, lower cost, simple construction and the like;
2) The invention is not limited by natural wind, can actively ventilate and cool the permafrost roadbed, and is particularly suitable for wide roadbed in permafrost sites;
3) The invention can realize active ventilation, has better cooling effect on the frozen soil roadbed for many years, can store more cold in cold seasons, has deeper freezing degree and can delay the thawing and sinking of the frozen soil roadbed in warm seasons;
4) The invention can realize active ventilation, so the installation mode and the installation height of the ventilation pipe are not limited;
5) The installation mode of the ventilating pipe is not limited, the ventilating pipe is bent and distributed at will, the ventilating pipe stops working in warm seasons, the baffle plates seal pipe orifices, air in the pipe forms an air interlayer, heat exchange is slowed down, and the heat insulation effect is achieved;
6) The installation mode of the ventilation pipe is not limited, and the installation height of the ventilation pipe can be adjusted according to the actual conditions of roadbed sites such as the relative height of roadbed and ground; the air inlet end of the ventilation pipe is a downward bent pipe, so that rainwater, snakes, sand and stones and the like can be prevented from entering a blocked pipeline, and the manual cleaning cost is reduced;
7) The air pump is formed by refitting the inflator principle, the principle is mature, the model is simple, the air pump has higher ventilation efficiency than the existing ventilation pipe roadbed, the ventilation is more stable, the air stroke is farther, and the active ventilation energy is not limited by the ventilation path space;
8) The piston in the air extraction cylinder device is connected with the piston rod by adopting the ball hinge, and can always be parallel to the hollow tube when the piston moves back and forth, so that the pressure on the tube wall in the left-right direction can not be generated.
9) The invention can drive the fan to rotate rapidly by utilizing the abundant wind energy of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, so as to generate a large amount of mechanical energy;
10 The wind tracking device is adopted, so that the rotation plane of the fan is always perpendicular to the wind direction, and wind energy can be utilized to the maximum extent;
11 The wind energy device utilizes the windmill to drive the handle riveting ring to rotate, and the handle riveting ring drives the piston to reciprocate, so that the yaw bearing always has the wind following effect.
12 The invention is provided with the ground temperature and air temperature monitoring system, the ventilation pipe can be closed by the baffle plate in a high temperature state, and the ventilation pipe is connected in a low temperature state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a hollow column according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air extractor apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a yaw bearing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a wind following device and a wind energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a horizontally laid ventilation pipe of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a vertical multi-row lay of ventilation ducts according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a horizontal multi-layered lay of ventilation ducts according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein 1 is a ventilation pipe, 2 is an air extraction cylinder device, 3 is a hollow column, 4 is a wind following device, 5 is a wind energy conversion device, 6 is a support, 7 is an upper section, 8 is a lower section, 9 is a yaw bearing, 10 is a roadbed, 11 is an air outlet, 12 is a piston, 13 is a piston rod, 14 is a one-way air inlet valve, 15 is a tail fin 16 is a connecting rod, 17 is a fan blade, 18 is a transmission shaft, 19 is a rotating ring, 20 is a ventilation channel, 21 is a light ball, 22 is a spring, 23 is an air inlet baffle, 24 is an air outlet baffle, 25 is an air inlet hole, 26 is an air outlet hole, 27 is an air inlet, 28 is a baffle, 29 is a ground temperature detection device, and 30 is an air temperature detection device.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples illustrate the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for permafrost roadbed comprises a ventilation pipe 1, an air extraction cylinder device 2, a hollow column 3, a wind following device 4 and a wind energy conversion device 5, and further comprises a support 6, wherein the hollow column 3 is fixed beside the roadbed and supported and fixed by the support 6, an air inlet end and an air outlet end are provided, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are formed by rotationally connecting an upper section 7 and a lower section 8 through yaw bearings 9, the upper section 7 and the lower section 8 can relatively rotate on a horizontal plane, the yaw bearings 9 comprise an inner ring and an outer ring, balls are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring is integral with the lower section 8 of the lower hollow column 3, and the inner ring is fixed with the upper section 7 of the upper hollow column 3 through bolts. The ventilation pipe 1 is buried in the roadbed 10, and the air outlet 11 of the ventilation pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the hollow column 3.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the air extraction cylinder device 2 is arranged in the hollow column 3 and is positioned between the air inlet end and the wind energy conversion device 5, and comprises a piston 12, a piston rod 13 and a one-way valve mechanism, wherein the piston 12 is arranged in the hollow column 3 and is connected with the piston rod 13, the piston rod 13 drives the piston 12 to move up and down along the hollow column 3 when moving up and down, the one-way valve mechanism comprises a one-way air inlet valve 14 arranged between the piston 12 and the air inlet end, the one-way air inlet valve 14 limits the air in the hollow column 3 to flow unidirectionally from the air inlet end to the piston 12, and a one-way air outlet valve which only allows the air in the hollow column 3 to flow unidirectionally outside the piston 12 is correspondingly arranged on the piston 12; the wind energy conversion device 5 and the wind following device 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper section 7 of the hollow column 3, the wind following device 4 comprises a tail wing 15 and a connecting rod 16, the wind energy conversion device 5 comprises fan blades 17, a transmission shaft 18 and a rotating ring 19, the tail wing 15 is connected with the upper section 7 of the hollow column 3 through the connecting rod 16 to drive the upper fan blades 17 to rotate along with the wind direction relative to the lower section 8 of the hollow column 3 and always keep the fan blades 17 to face the wind direction, the rotating ring 19 is vertically arranged in the hollow column 3, the transmission shaft 18 penetrates through the hollow column 3 to connect the outside fan blades 17 and the rotating ring 19 inside, the rotating ring 19 is driven to coaxially and vertically rotate through the transmission shaft 18 when the fan blades 17 rotate, the upper end of the piston rod 13 is rotationally connected with the rotating ring 19, the lower end of the piston rod is in ball hinge joint with the piston 12, and the piston 12 is driven to vertically move along the hollow column 3 through the piston rod 13 when the rotating ring 19 rotates. The air outlet end of the hollow column 3 is a yaw bearing 9, a piston 12 of the air extraction cylinder device 2 and a one-way air inlet valve 12 are arranged at the lower section of the hollow column 3, one end of a piston rod 13 is connected with the piston 12, and the other end of the piston rod passes through the yaw bearing 9 and is connected with a rotating ring 19 arranged at the upper section 7 of the hollow column 3.
Referring to fig. 3, the unidirectional air inlet valve 14 comprises an air channel 20 communicating an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the hollow column 3, and a light ball 21, a spring 22 and an air baffle plate which are arranged in the air channel 20, wherein the air baffle plate comprises an air inlet baffle plate 23 close to the air inlet end and an air outlet baffle plate 24 close to the air outlet end, the air inlet baffle plate 23 seals the inner cavity of the air channel 20 and is provided with an air inlet hole 25, and the air outlet baffle plate 24 seals the inner cavity of the air channel 20 and is provided with an air outlet hole 26; a light ball 21 and a spring 22 are arranged between the air inlet and outlet baffles 23 and 24, the size of the light ball 21 is matched with that of the air inlet hole 25, the air inlet hole 25 can be plugged, and the spring 22 is arranged between the light ball 21 and the air outlet hole 26 to continuously apply elastic force for plugging the air inlet hole 25 to the light ball 21. As shown in the drawings, the ventilation channel 20 is preferably zigzag-shaped and comprises an upper vertical section, a middle horizontal section and a lower vertical section which are communicated, and the light ball 21, the spring 22 and the air baffle are all arranged on the middle horizontal section.
Referring to fig. 6-8, the air inlet 27 of the ventilation pipe 1 is a downward bent pipe, the ventilation pipe 1 is distributed in a bending mode in the roadbed 10, the ventilation pipe 1 can be distributed in a single layer or multiple layers, can be vertically or horizontally distributed, and can be arranged in the roadbed body or can be implanted into a seasonal freeze-thawing layer below the roadbed. The air inlet end of the hollow column 3 connected with the air outlet 11 of the ventilation pipe 1 can be further provided with a baffle 28 for blocking the air inlet end. The system for monitoring the ground temperature and the air temperature can be further provided, and comprises a ground temperature detection device 29 arranged in the ventilation pipe 1 and used for detecting the foundation temperature, and an air temperature detection device 30 arranged at a baffle 28 outside the roadbed 10 and used for detecting the air temperature, wherein the baffle 28 is controlled to act by the ground temperature and air temperature monitoring system, the baffle 28 is controlled to block an air inlet end when the air temperature is higher than the ground temperature, and the baffle 28 is controlled to open the air inlet end when the air temperature is lower than the ground temperature. In addition, when opening the air inlet, the baffle 28 can also be provided with a filter screen for protection, so as to prevent rainwater, sand and the like from entering.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
because the wind following device 4 is provided with the tail wing 15, the wind following device always keeps along the air flowing direction under the action of air fluid, and therefore the wind following device 4 automatically follows the wind direction, always keeps the fan blades 17 of the wind energy conversion device 5 facing the wind coming direction, and maximally utilizes the wind energy. The natural wind drives the fan blades 17 to rotate, the rotation of the fan blades 17 drives the rotating ring 19 to rotate through the transmission shaft 18, the rotation of the rotating ring 19 further drives the piston rod 13 and the piston 12 of the air suction cylinder device 2 to reciprocate in the hollow column 3, and the air suction cylinder device 2 always performs air suction action to continuously suck air from the ventilation pipe 1 because the one-way valve mechanism limits air to flow outside the piston 12 from the air inlet end of the hollow column 3, so that external air also continuously enters from the air inlet 27 of the ventilation pipe 1 and then enters from the air outlet 11 into the air inlet end of the hollow column 3, and continuous active ventilation to the ventilation pipe 1 is formed.
In the air suction cylinder device 2, when the piston rod 13 drives the piston 12 to move away from the one-way air inlet valve 14 to suck air, under the action of negative pressure, the air enters from the air inlet hole 25 of the air inlet baffle 23, the light ball 21 is pressed to move to the air outlet hole 26 side (at the moment, the spring 22 is compressed) when passing through the light ball 21, the air is released to block the air inlet hole 25, and then the air flows out from the air outlet hole 26 through the air channel 20 and finally enters a cavity between the one-way air inlet valve 14 and the piston 12; when the piston rod 13 of the air suction cylinder device 2 drives the piston 12 to move close to the one-way air inlet valve 14 for inflation, the light ball 21 restores to seal the air inlet hole 25 under the action of the elasticity of the spring 22 when the spring 22 returns to be stretched and the positive air pressure, and the air flows out from the one-way air outlet valve of the piston 12 under pressure, so that the air suction process is completed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. Piston type initiative aeration cooling device suitable for frozen soil roadbed for many years, its characterized in that: comprises a ventilation pipe, an air extraction cylinder device, a hollow column, a wind following device and a wind energy conversion device; the hollow column is fixed beside the roadbed and is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the hollow column is formed by rotationally connecting an upper section and a lower section through a yaw bearing, the upper section and the lower section can rotate relatively on a horizontal plane, the ventilation pipe is embedded in the roadbed, and the air outlet of the ventilation pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the hollow column; the air suction cylinder device is arranged in the hollow column and is positioned between the air inlet end and the wind energy conversion device and comprises a piston, a piston rod and a one-way valve mechanism, the piston is arranged in the hollow column and is connected with the piston rod, the piston rod drives the piston to move up and down along the hollow column when moving up and down, the one-way valve mechanism comprises a one-way air inlet valve arranged between the piston and the air inlet end, the one-way air inlet valve limits the one-way flow of air in the hollow column from the air inlet end to the piston, and a one-way air outlet valve which only allows the one-way flow of air in the hollow column to the outside of the piston is correspondingly arranged on the piston; the wind energy conversion device and the wind following device are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper section of the hollow column, the wind following device comprises a tail wing and a connecting rod, the wind energy conversion device comprises fan blades, a transmission shaft and a rotating ring, the tail wing is connected with the upper section of the hollow column through the connecting rod to drive the upper fan blades to rotate along with the wind direction relative to the lower section of the hollow column and keep the fan blades to face the wind direction all the time, the rotating ring is vertically arranged in the hollow column, the transmission shaft penetrates through the hollow column to connect the outside fan blades and the inside rotating ring, the fan blades drive the rotating ring to coaxially and vertically rotate through the transmission shaft when rotating, the upper end of the piston rod is rotationally connected with the rotating ring, the lower end of the piston rod is hinged with the piston ball, and the piston rod drives the piston to vertically move along the hollow column when the rotating ring rotates; the ventilation pipes are distributed in a bending manner in the roadbed; the ventilation pipes are distributed in a single layer or multiple layers, vertically or horizontally, and are arranged in the roadbed body or are implanted into a seasonal freeze-thawing layer below the roadbed; the air outlet end of the hollow column is a yaw bearing, the piston of the air suction cylinder device and the one-way air inlet valve are arranged on the lower section of the hollow column, one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the piston rod penetrates through the yaw bearing to be connected with a rotating ring arranged on the upper section of the hollow column.
2. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 1, wherein: the unidirectional air inlet valve comprises an air channel communicated with the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the hollow column, and a light ball, a spring and an air baffle which are arranged in the air channel, wherein the air baffle comprises an air inlet baffle close to one side of the air inlet end and an air outlet baffle close to one side of the air outlet end, the air inlet baffle seals the inner cavity of the air channel and is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air outlet baffle seals the inner cavity of the air channel and is provided with an air outlet hole; the light ball and the spring are arranged between the air inlet and outlet baffles, the size of the light ball is matched with that of the air inlet hole, the air inlet hole can be plugged, and the spring is arranged between the light ball and the air outlet hole and continuously applies elastic force for plugging the air inlet hole to the light ball.
3. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 2, wherein: the ventilation channel is Z-shaped and comprises an upper vertical section, a middle horizontal section and a lower vertical section which are communicated, and the middle horizontal section is all arranged with the light ball, the spring and the air baffle.
4. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 1, wherein: the air inlet end of the hollow column is also provided with a baffle for blocking the air inlet end.
5. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a ventilation pipe, a ground temperature monitoring system, a baffle plate and a control system, wherein the ground temperature monitoring system comprises a ground temperature detection device which is arranged in the ventilation pipe and used for detecting the temperature of a foundation, the temperature detection device is arranged outside a roadbed and used for detecting the temperature of air, the baffle plate is controlled by the ground temperature monitoring system to act, the baffle plate is controlled to block an air inlet end when the temperature is higher than the ground temperature, and the baffle plate is controlled to open the air inlet end when the temperature is lower than the ground temperature.
6. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 1, wherein: the air inlet of the ventilation pipe is a downward bent pipe.
7. The piston type active aeration-cooling device suitable for the permafrost subgrade according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow column is fixed on the support and supported by the support.
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| CN201810075848.9A CN108118572B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Piston type active aeration cooling device suitable for permafrost roadbed |
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| CN201810075848.9A CN108118572B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Piston type active aeration cooling device suitable for permafrost roadbed |
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| CN108118572B true CN108118572B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN108842555A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-20 | 中国民航大学 | A kind of airfield runway structure suitable for Permafrost Area |
| CN115110369B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-06-23 | 华南理工大学 | Extrusion type forced ventilation cooling roadbed structure and construction method thereof |
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