CN108115135A - For the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control - Google Patents
For the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control Download PDFInfo
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- CN108115135A CN108115135A CN201711459891.7A CN201711459891A CN108115135A CN 108115135 A CN108115135 A CN 108115135A CN 201711459891 A CN201711459891 A CN 201711459891A CN 108115135 A CN108115135 A CN 108115135A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
- B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
- B22F12/37—Rotatable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device for the control of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature, print component, cooling device and temperature monitor including printing substrate, arranged on printing substrate outer surface, the temperature monitor are used to monitor the real time temperature of print component；The integrated pipeline that the cooling device includes waterfog head, is connected with waterfog head, the air supply unit and water supplying unit being connected with integrated pipeline, the waterfog head is arranged on the inside of printing substrate, the waterfog head is apart from printing substrate inner surface pre-determined distance, for spraying cooling water mist, the cooling water mist acts in the printing substrate being in contact with print component the waterfog head；It is passed through to balance the equilibrium water of print component bulk temperature in the printing substrate.Using the present invention, simple in structure, realization Quick uniform cooling is precisely controlled print temperature, and error is within ± 15 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal increasing material manufacturing equipment more particularly to one kind to be used for metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control
The device of system.
Background technology
Metal increasing material manufacturing (3D printing) is based on mathematical model, with laser, electric arc etc. for heat source, uses metal wire material
Or powder, the technology of metalwork is constructed by way of successively accumulating.Using electric arc as the metal 3D printing technique of heat source, printing heat
There are following features for cycling：1st, in print procedure, molten bath volume is big compared with laser printing, generally in 30~100g.2nd, print procedure
In, arc energy is high and concentrates, and for maximum temperature up to 1700 DEG C or more, molten pool metal is in an overheated state.3rd, in print procedure,
Heat source is small, and implements movement, and Gu Dayinwenduchang is an extremely uneven temperature field.
It was found from metal is gained knowledge, under conditions of metal material chemical is certain, crystallization condition (the i.e. high temperature of material
Residence time, cooling velocity) determine the interior tissue of material, and then determine the physicochemical property of material.Therefore temperature control is
Ensure the key of printing metallicity.
Electric arc persistently provides high heat in print procedure, such as without cooling interlayer temperature will be made to be up to 350 DEG C or more,
So cause that molten pool metal high-temperature residence time is long, and cooling velocity is slow, interior tissue is coarse, and material property deteriorates.It is it is required that general
Carbon steel printing print temperature require must not be higher than 300 DEG C；The print temperature of stainless steel must not be higher than 150 DEG C；It is steel alloy, resistance to
The print temperature of hot steel must not require higher than 250 DEG C, and preheating temperature is generally not less than 100 DEG C.
If not controlling print temperature, problems with is had：
1st, print temperature is temperature between printing road in fact, is the maximum temperature before printing path.When the excessively high meeting of interlayer temperature
Cause deposited metal coarse grains, the intensity and low-temperature impact toughness of printout decline, and print temperature is too low to melt liquid
Gas, nonmetal inclusion of metallisation etc. can not fully overflow, and be trapped in metal inside, form defect.
2nd, metal also requires the cooling velocity of molten pool metal in print procedure, and cooling velocity is too fast, is easily formed
Hardened structure causes intensity high, and poor impact toughness, cooling velocity is slow, causes high-temperature residence time long, coarse grains or even production
Raw overheated structure.
3rd, it is high to the environmental requirement around molten bath, must not there are water, steam and other chemical reagent, in order to avoid influence printing gold
Attribute energy.
From the above it can be seen that during increasing material manufacturing, temperature control is the key that ensure material property, but controls difficulty pole
It is high.At present without effective feasible method, generally using natural air cooling, cooling velocity is slow, and printing effect is low, it is difficult to realize quick
Shaping.Or use back side water-spraying control.
The cooling velocity of natural air cooling is low, together print after the completion of must stop, waiting temperature decline, and cooling velocity without
Method controls, and printing effect is low, and repeatedly stops to cause the increase of connector quantity, and material property declines.
During using back side water-cooling method, influence of the water variation to temperature is huge, and water is difficult to be adjusted, and directly uses water cooling,
Cooling velocity is too fast, and it is minimum to connect scope to cooling velocity tune.And cooling water by thermal evaporation, causes air humidity to add in cooling procedure
Greatly, print quality and working environment are seriously affected.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, provide a kind of dress for the control of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature
It puts, simple in structure, realization Quick uniform cooling is precisely controlled print temperature, and error is within ± 15 DEG C.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention also reside in, provide it is a kind of for metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control
Device, realization control unbalanced temperature field, it are made macroscopically to tend to balance in the fabrication process.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention also reside in, provide it is a kind of for metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control
Device, influence of the removal steam to air humidity.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention also reside in, provide it is a kind of for metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control
Device realizes that the quantization of cooling system is adjusted.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of dresses for the control of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature
It puts, print component, cooling device and temperature monitor including printing substrate, arranged on printing substrate outer surface, the temperature prison
Control device is used to monitor the real time temperature of print component；
The integrated pipeline that the cooling device includes waterfog head, is connected with waterfog head, the confession being connected with integrated pipeline
Gas unit and water supplying unit, the waterfog head are arranged on the inside of printing substrate, waterfog head table in printing substrate
Face pre-determined distance, for the waterfog head for spraying cooling water mist, the cooling water mist acts on what is be in contact with print component
In printing substrate；
It is passed through to balance the equilibrium water of print component bulk temperature in the printing substrate.
As the improvement of said program, control is combined by temperature monitor, cooling device, the dosage of equilibrium water and temperature
Printing substrate processed and/or the temperature of print component are arbitrary adjustable in 100~300 DEG C, and precision is ± 15 DEG C；
By controlling the equilibrium water inside printing substrate, so that the temperature of print component at an arbitrary position is in target control
In the range of temperature, precision is ± 15 DEG C.
As the improvement of said program, the cooling device include multiple waterfog heads, the water of each waterfog head and
Tolerance can be adjusted individually, and the spraying face of each two waterfog head overlaps.
As the improvement of said program, the air supply unit includes air valve, barometer and air duct, the water supplying unit
Including cooling water valve, water ga(u)ge and aquaporin；
The integrated pipeline includes at least one air duct and at least two aquaporins, and the aquaporin leads to around air
Road is set.
As the improvement of said program, the integrated pipeline includes an air duct and six aquaporins, the air
Passage is arranged on centre, and three aquaporins are one group, and the aquaporin of difference group is respectively arranged on the both sides of air duct, every group of aquaporin
It is triangularly arranged.
As the improvement of said program, the printing substrate is internally provided with fog-proof plate, and water is filled inside the printing substrate
Steam；
The printing substrate is tubular structure.
As the improvement of said program, further include water mist and detach device, the water mist detaches device and is connected with printing substrate
It connects, for the vapor inside printing substrate to be discharged.
As the improvement of said program, the distance between the waterfog head and printing substrate are 200-400mm.
As the improvement of said program, the top of the print component is equipped with printing pipette tips, the cooling device and printing
Pipette tips are mounted on moveable bracket base, and the cooling device is all around moved with printing pipette tips, so that Stamping gun
Head is in cooling water mist center.
As the improvement of said program, the print component is metal component；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 100 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 1-10L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 30~60 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 150~
400mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 150 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 1.5-8L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 40~70 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 100~
300mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 200 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0.5-6L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~80 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 50~
250mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 250 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0.1-5L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 300 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0-3L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water.
Implement the present invention, have the advantages that：
First, the present invention includes printing substrate, print component, cooling device and temperature monitor, and the cooling device includes
Waterfog head, integrated pipeline, air supply unit and water supplying unit, the waterfog head are arranged on the inside of printing substrate, waterfog head
Water mist is cooled down for spraying, cooling water mist is acted in the printing substrate being in contact with print component.Meanwhile the present invention is printing
Intrinsic silicon is passed through to balance the equilibrium water of print component bulk temperature, and therefore, the configuration of the present invention is simple can be realized fast
Speed uniformly cools down, is precisely controlled print temperature, the temperature of printing substrate and/or print component to be controlled to appoint in 100~300 DEG C
It anticipates adjustable, precision is ± 15 DEG C.Moreover, the present invention can also make the temperature of print component at an arbitrary position in target control temperature
In the range of degree, precision is ± 15 DEG C.
2nd, the present invention includes temperature monitor, and air supply unit and water supplying unit are equipped with sensitive valve and flowmeter, can quantify
Cooling water mist size is adjusted, achievees the purpose that accuracy controlling cooling velocity and interlayer temperature.
3rd, the present invention detaches device by steam and water vapour is discharged print area, air is wet on printing environment without influence
Degree will not raise due to vapor, influence of the removal steam to air humidity.
4th, wide application of the present invention.Original water-cooling method is only used for the without preheatings temperature such as austenitic stainless steel, nickel-base alloy
Degree requirement, the material low to water-sensitive sensitivity, and the interlayer temperature of the present invention is controllable and eliminates steam influence, can be applied to each
Kind steel and non-ferrous metal.
The present invention has by accuracy controlling cooling velocity and interlayer temperature, metal component excellent in mechanical performance obtained
There is good tissue signature.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the special equipment of metal component filament electric smelting increasing material manufacturing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of waterfog head of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the integrated pipeline of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the side view of one embodiment of printing substrate of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the side view of another embodiment of printing substrate of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with attached drawing
It is described in detail on step ground.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of device for the control of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature, including printing
Matrix 13, print component 1, cooling device 30 and temperature monitor 4 arranged on 13 outer surface of printing substrate, the temperature monitor
4 are used to monitor the real time temperature of print component 1.The top of the print component 1 is equipped with printing pipette tips 2.
The integrated pipeline 9 that the cooling device 30 includes waterfog head 10, is connected with waterfog head 10, with integrated pipeline 9
The air supply unit 31 of connection and water supplying unit 32, the waterfog head 10 are arranged on the inside of printing substrate 13, the waterfog head
10 apart from 13 inner surface pre-determined distance of printing substrate, and the waterfog head 10 for spraying cooling water mist, make by the cooling water mist
For the printing substrate 13 being in contact with print component 1.
It is passed through to balance the equilibrium water 20 of print component bulk temperature inside printing substrate 13.
By controlling the equilibrium water inside printing substrate, so that the temperature of print component at an arbitrary position is in target control
In the range of temperature, precision is ± 15 DEG C.Moreover, dosage and temperature by controlling equilibrium water, and combine water supplying unit and confession
Gas unit carrys out the adjusting into trip temperature, arbitrarily may be used with the temperature for controlling printing substrate and/or print component in 100~300 DEG C
It adjusts, precision is ± 15 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 2, the cooling device 30 includes multiple waterfog heads 10, the water and tolerance of each waterfog head 10
It can individually adjust, the spraying face of each two waterfog head 10 overlaps.Preferably, the cooling device 30 includes four water mists sprays
First 10, the water and tolerance of each waterfog head 10 can be adjusted individually, and four waterfog heads 10 are respectively provided with individually integrated pipeline,
Four 10 substantially square distributions of waterfog head.The spraying face of each two waterfog head 10 overlaps, below printing substrate 13
Continuous, larger spraying face is formed, increases effective heat-exchange surface, improves cooling velocity, while improves 13 temperature of printing substrate
The uniformity of degree.
Preferably, the distance between the waterfog head 10 and printing substrate 13 are 200-400mm, it is ensured that printing base
Body 13 has larger contact surface with spraying face.More preferably, the distance between the waterfog head 10 and printing substrate 13 are
250-280mm, to ensure that printing substrate 13 has maximum contact surface with spraying face.
The air supply unit 31 includes air valve 5, barometer 3 and air duct 8A, and the water supplying unit 32 includes cooling water
Valve 6, water ga(u)ge 7 and water channel 8 B；The integrated pipeline includes air duct and aquaporin.
As shown in figure 3, the integrated pipeline 9 includes at least one 18 and at least two aquaporin 17 of air duct, it is described
Aquaporin 17 is set around air duct 18, for conveying compressed air and cooling water.
Preferably, the integrated pipeline 9 includes an air duct 18 and six aquaporins 17, and the air duct 18 is set
In centre, three aquaporins 17 are one group, and the aquaporin of difference group is respectively arranged on the both sides of air duct 18, every group of aquaporin 17
It is triangularly arranged.
Cooling device is mainly responsible for is made cooling water mist 11 by water and compressed air, and printout is cooled down, and adjustable
Section cooling water valve controls the size (i.e. cooling capacity) for cooling down water mist, and flowmeter can quantify the big of reaction cooling water mist
It is small.During printing, printing pipette tips are heated, cool down water mist and cooled down, and the two interaction reaches equalized temperature, and passes through valve
The size that door adjusts water mist realizes temperature control purpose.
The temperature monitor 4 preferentially selects far-infrared temperature sensor, model C73M, temperature measurement range 100
~600 DEG C, the infrared probe of temperature monitor is connected with printing pipette tips, is followed by printing pipette tips movement, constantly monitoring printing temperature
Degree, the display of temperature monitor are equipped for digital display, intuitively show interlayer temperature.Also other monitoring temperatures can be aided in set simultaneously
Standby, monitoring interlayer temperature is less than 100 DEG C of printout.
It should be noted that temperature monitor of the present invention can also select other kinds of monitor, as long as it realizes temperature
Spend the purpose of monitoring.
The real time temperature monitoring and passing through that the present invention carries out print component by temperature monitor adjusts the gas of air supply unit
Pressure and the water flow of water supplying unit and the dosage and temperature of adjustment water can quantify to adjust cooling water mist and equilibrium water,
Achieve the purpose that accuracy controlling cooling velocity and interlayer temperature.
Preferably, when the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 100 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, is supplied water
The water flow of unit is 1-10L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 30~60 DEG C, and the water level of equilibrium water is
150~400mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 150 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 1.5-8L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 40~70 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 100~
300mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 200 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0.5-6L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~80 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 50~
250mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 250 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0.1-5L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 300 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0-3L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water.
More preferably, when the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 100 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.7-0.8MPa, is supplied water
The water flow of unit is 1.5-8L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 30~60 DEG C, and the water level of equilibrium water is
180~300mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 150 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.7-0.8MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 2-7L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 40~70 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 150~
250mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 200 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.7-0.8MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 1.0-5L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~80 DEG C, the water level of equilibrium water for 100~
200mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 250 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.7-0.8MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0.5-3L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 80mm of equilibrium water；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 300 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.7-0.8MPa, the water of water supplying unit
Flow is 0-2L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 80mm of equilibrium water.
As shown in Figure 4,5, the printing substrate 13 is tubular structure.Printing substrate 13 is arranged on 16 on load-carrying turntable, is used
In the autorotation for realizing printing substrate.Preferably, to be circular or square, it is good that material is generally heat conduction in the section of printing substrate 13
Carbon steel, low-alloy steel material, can also be needed to change its shape and material if necessary according to printing.
The printing substrate 13 is internally provided with fog-proof plate 12, the full vapor 14 in 13 inside of printing substrate.Fog-proof plate
12 stop vapor drift print area, while reduce the danger by steam and hot water scald.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises water mists to detach device 15, and the water mist detaches device 15 and is connected with printing substrate 13
It connects, for the vapor inside printing substrate 13 to be discharged, ensures that print area humidity influences from water mist.Specifically, water mist
Device 15 is detached as negative pressure ventilation device, mainly includes wind turbine and discharge duct, but not limited to this.
Further, in order to preferably ensure the present invention possess optimal cooling effect, the cooling device 30 and Stamping gun
First 2 are mounted on moveable bracket base, and the cooling device is all around moved with printing pipette tips, so that printing pipette tips
In cooling water mist center.The moveable bracket base is designed with reference to the prior art.
Moreover, in order to ensure that metal component has optimal mechanical property, after the completion of present invention printing, by print component
First layer prints metal removal.This is because printing pipette tips carry out the pre- hot print of first layer, because the heat that printing pipette tips provide is huge
Greatly, interlayer temperature moment raises, and is unable to reach optimal temperature parameter, can not obtain optimal mechanical property.First layer is beaten
It is usually together with the machined removal of matrix that bronze printing, which belongs to,.
During work, the present invention is controlled as follows：
(1) pipette tips 2 are printed and carries out the pre- hot print of first layer；
(2) when the second layer prints, air valve 5 and cooling water valve 6 are opened, controlled temperature monitor 4 adjusts cooling water valve, by layer
Between temperature control in the intermediate region of parameter request.It is vapor that water mist, which is cooled down, by heat of vaporization, and vapor is full of in printing base
In body 13, device 15 is detached by water mist and extracts vapor out, discharge print area.Specific printing temperature-controlled parameter such as following table institute
Show：
During printing, device for monitoring temperature 4 monitors interlayer temperature in real time.When interlayer temperature raises, current are compareed
Gauge adjusts cooling water valve 6, increases cooling water flow, so as to increase cooling velocity, reduces interlayer temperature；When interlayer temperature reduces
When, control water ga(u)ge 7 turns cooling water mist down, reduces cooling velocity, and interlayer temperature reduces.Pass through the method for this feedback regulation
Control the stability of interlayer temperature.
(3) when carrying out the printing of other layers, the temperature control step of step (2) is repeated.
(4) preheating printable layer needs mechanical removal after the completion of printing.
It should be noted that above-mentioned printing temperature-controlled parameter can be according to actual working condition and metal component finished product
It is required that and be adjusted, embodiments thereof is not limited to illustrated embodiment of the present invention.
To sum up, apparatus of the present invention can be precisely controlled the temperature of printing substrate and/or print component as 100~300 DEG C, essence
It spends for ± 15 DEG C, metal component made from guarantee obtains ideal mechanical property.The metal component of the present invention is done into mechanics
Performance test, it is as a result as follows：
It should be noted that tensile strength (tensile strength) is metal from uniform plastic deformation to concentration of local
It is plastically deformed the maximum load-carrying capacity of the critical value and metal of transition under quiet stretching condition.
Yield strength is yield limit when yield phenomenon occurs for metal material, that is, resists answering for micro plastic deformation
Power.
Elongation after fracture refers to metal material and is acted on by external force (pulling force) when being broken, the length and original length of coupon elongation
Percentage.
The contraction percentage of area refers to when material is broken by pulling force that section reduces, the ratio of the area that section reduces and original area
The contraction percentage of area.
As seen from the above table, the tensile strength of metal component produced by the present invention, yield strength are big, it was demonstrated that its intensity is high；It is disconnected
Elongation and the contraction percentage of area are bigger afterwards, illustrate that the plasticity of material is bigger, are not only convenient for carrying out various processing, and can guarantee material
Expect the safe handling in engineering.Therefore, the present invention greatly improves plasticity, toughness, intensity and the high-temerature creep of Forming Workpiece
Etc. mechanical properties.
The above disclosed power for being only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention cannot being limited with this certainly
Sharp scope, therefore equivalent variations made according to the claims of the present invention, are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for the control of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature, which is characterized in that including printing substrate, arranged on printing
Print component, cooling device and the temperature monitor of outer surface of matrix, the temperature monitor are used to monitor the reality of print component
Shi Wendu；
The integrated pipeline that the cooling device includes waterfog head, is connected with waterfog head, the supply list being connected with integrated pipeline
Member and water supplying unit, the waterfog head are arranged on the inside of printing substrate, and the waterfog head is pre- apart from printing substrate inner surface
If distance, for the waterfog head for spraying cooling water mist, the cooling water mist acts on the printing being in contact with print component
On matrix；
It is passed through to balance the equilibrium water of print component bulk temperature in the printing substrate.
2. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that pass through temperature
Monitor, cooling device, the dosage of equilibrium water and temperature jointly control the temperature of printing substrate and/or print component 100
Arbitrary adjustable in~300 DEG C, precision is ± 15 DEG C；
By controlling the equilibrium water inside printing substrate, so that the temperature of print component at an arbitrary position is in target control temperature
In the range of, precision is ± 15 DEG C.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that described
Cooling device includes multiple waterfog heads, and the water and tolerance of each waterfog head can be adjusted individually, each two waterfog head
Spraying face overlaps.
4. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that the supply
Unit includes air valve, barometer and air duct, and the water supplying unit includes cooling water valve, water ga(u)ge and aquaporin；
The integrated pipeline includes at least one air duct and at least two aquaporins, and the aquaporin is set around air duct
It puts.
5. as claimed in claim 4 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that described integrated
Pipeline includes an air duct and six aquaporins, and the air duct is arranged on centre, and three aquaporins are one group, different groups
Aquaporin be respectively arranged on the both sides of air duct, every group of aquaporin is triangularly arranged.
6. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that the printing
Intrinsic silicon is equipped with fog-proof plate, and vapor is filled inside the printing substrate；
The printing substrate is tubular structure.
7. as claimed in claim 6 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that further include water
Mist detaches device, and the water mist detaches device and is connected with printing substrate, for the vapor inside printing substrate to be discharged.
8. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that the water mist
The distance between nozzle and printing substrate are 200-400mm.
9. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that the printing
The top of component is equipped with printing pipette tips, and the cooling device is mounted on printing pipette tips on moveable bracket base, described cold
But device is all around moved with printing pipette tips, so that printing pipette tips are in cooling water mist center.
10. as described in claim 1 for the device of metal increasing material manufacturing process temperature control, which is characterized in that described to beat
Print component is metal component；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 100 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water flow of water supplying unit
For 1-10L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 30~60 DEG C, and the water level of equilibrium water is 150~400mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 150 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water flow of water supplying unit
For 1.5-8L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 40~70 DEG C, and the water level of equilibrium water is 100~300mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 200 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water flow of water supplying unit
For 0.5-6L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~80 DEG C, and the water level of equilibrium water is 50~250mm；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 250 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water flow of water supplying unit
For 0.1-5L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water；
When the interlayer temperature for printing metal is 300 DEG C, the air pressure of air supply unit is 0.5-1.0MPa, the water flow of water supplying unit
For 0-3L/min, while using equilibrium water, the temperature of equilibrium water is 50~90 DEG C, the water level ＜ 100mm of equilibrium water.
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| CN201711459891.7A CN108115135B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Device for controlling temperature in metal additive manufacturing process |
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| CN111141391A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 西安交通大学 | Molten pool laser synchronous following temperature measuring device and method for SLM forming process |
| CN111950127A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method and system for testing safety performance of low alloy steel material for nuclear energy equipment |
| CN114919174A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-19 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 3D print head cooling device |
| CN115090906A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Real-time temperature regulation and control system and method in additive remanufacturing deposition process |
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| CN115090906A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-23 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Real-time temperature regulation and control system and method in additive remanufacturing deposition process |
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