CN108112473B - A kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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Abstract
The invention belongs to plant radiation mutagenesis arts, also belong to plant genetics and breeding field.A kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding, it is characterised in that include the following steps: the preparation of 1) vegetable material: selecting that form is complete, vegetable material of not mechanical damage, as the sample to Dynamic radiation mutation breeding；2) preparation of Dynamic radiation device；3) drop source operation: cobalt source is dropped in deep well；4) sample is placed: sample is placed on the center of corresponding suspender；5) rise source operation: cobalt source rises to operating position from deep well；6) radiation treatment: the suspender with sample drives the lower cobalt source that surrounds to carry out the operation of Dynamic step formula by suspended chain, stops 2~3 minutes on each station passed through, irradiation dose 60~1500Gy of range, and dosage rate range is 1.67~35.00Gy/min；7) it samples: taking out sample when the suspender for being loaded with sample runs to the operation room outside radiation chamber to get the sample arrived after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding.This method is remarkably improved induced mutation rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant radiation mutagenesis arts, also belong to plant genetics and breeding field, specifically, being related to a kind of dynamic
The method of radiaction mutation.
Background technique
60Co- gamma-rays is the ray released when atomic nucleus is transitted to from excitation state compared with lower state or ground state, penetration power is strong,
Wavelength is short, is a kind of electromagnetic wave of high energy.60When the gamma-rays ion that Co is released passes through substance, with the electronics in material atom
Mutually collide with atomic nucleus, carry out energy conversion, make that ionization or excitation occur inside substance, formed cation and bear from
Son or excited atom.These ions or atom react with surrounding macromolecular nucleic acid and protein, Yi Yinqi molecular structure
Change, influence the part biochemical reaction of cell interior, so that inhereditary material structure in plant cell is changed, finally lead
The change for causing organism structure and function, to cause the generation of new species.
Currently, radioactive breeding technology is divided into external radiation, interior radiation.External exposure refers to that vegetable material, which is sent into radiation chamber, to carry out
Irradiation, or be planted in cobalt garden and carry out entire breeding time irradiation.Interior irradiation is that radioactive element is passed through seed soaking, injection
Etc. modes import inside vegetable material.In addition, there are also acute irradiation, chronic irradiation, repetitive irradiation and physical and chemical combined processings etc. to lure
Change method.The irradiation technique that above method is related to is static irradiation, i.e., plant material is placed on the fixed position of irradiation field not
It is dynamic, radiation treatment is then carried out, absorbed dose rate is fixed and invariable.And the present invention is placed on vegetable material on suspender,
Suspender carries out the operation of Dynamic step formula around cobalt source under suspended chain drive, and dosage rate is dynamically that this kind of method is to plant material
The Mutagenic Effect of material is more preferable, and mutation rate is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding, this method is remarkably improved induced mutation rate.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that, a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding,
It is characterized in that including the following steps:
1) preparation of vegetable material: selecting that form is complete, vegetable material of not mechanical damage, lures as to Dynamic radiation
Become the sample of breeding；
2) preparation of Dynamic radiation device: Dynamic radiation device includes cobalt source, suspender running gear；Suspender running gear cloth
It sets around cobalt source；Suspender running gear includes suspender, suspended chain, and suspender is hung in suspended chain；Cobalt source is placed on cobalt source frame
On, well is provided with below cobalt source frame；Cobalt source frame is located in radiation chamber；Cobalt source is 60Co γ-rays source；
3) drop source operation: cobalt source is dropped in well, and staff's carrying γ radiation gauge enters spoke after waiting 8 minutes
The sample to Dynamic radiation mutation breeding is placed according to room；
4) sample place: dosimeter is put among sample, sample be placed on corresponding suspender center (corresponding suspender be open
Beginning station, according to the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs, corresponding suspender matched doses are silver dichromate dosimeter measured value), use glue
Band fixes sample；Staff leaves radiation chamber；Station distribution, the corresponding irradiation dose of each station is as follows in radiation chamber:
Station distribution includes No. 12 stations, No. 13 stations, No. 14 stations, No. 15 stations, No. 16 stations, No. 17 stations, 19
Number station, No. 20 stations, No. 21 stations, No. 22 stations, No. 23 stations, No. 24 stations, No. 26 stations, No. 27 stations, No. 28 works
Position, No. 29 stations, No. 30 stations, No. 31 stations, No. 33 stations, No. 34 stations, No. 35 stations, No. 36 stations, No. 37 stations,
No. 38 stations, No. 40 stations, No. 41 stations, No. 42 stations, No. 43 stations, No. 44 stations, No. 45 stations, No. 47 stations, No. 48
Station, No. 49 stations, No. 50 stations, No. 51 stations, No. 52 stations；The corresponding irradiation dose (Gy) of each station are as follows: 5,15,
25、35、45、50、60、80、100、120、140、150、185、 255、325、395、465、500、535、605、675、745、
815,850,860,880,900,920,940, 950,955,965,975,985,995,1000；
5) rise source operation: starting suspended chain button, suspended chain brings into operation, and starts cobalt source lifting button, and cobalt source is from water
Operating position is risen in well；
6) radiation treatment: the suspender with sample drives lower progress Dynamic step formula operation by suspended chain, what is passed through
It is stopped on each station 2~3 minutes, irradiation dose 60~1500Gy of range, dosage rate range is 1.67~35.00Gy/min；
Station locating for corresponding suspender (the correspondence station for the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs), which runs to No. 12 stations, to be terminated
(radiation treatment process)；
7) it samples: taking out sample when the operation room that the suspender for being loaded with sample is run to outside radiation chamber, and remove dosimeter
Dose measurement is carried out to get the sample arrived after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding.
Plantation observation: the sample after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding is planted, statistics emergence rate, plant height, blade profile, fertility etc.
Situation of change is observed mutant character, and is photographed to record.
Vegetable material described in step 1) refers to any one of crops, Chinese herbal medicine.
Vegetable material is dry seeds, pollen, tissue-cultured seedling or plant, wherein dry seeds, pollen quality model in step 1)
500g~3000g is enclosed, tissue-cultured seedling or plant need 100 plants or more.
Suspender running gear described in step 2) includes support frame, transmission device, suspended chain, transposition disk, suspender；Suspended chain
One end be connected with driven sprocket, the other end of suspended chain is connected with active movable sprocket, active movable sprocket be arranged in transmission device
On, suspension middle-of-chain is equipped with transposition disk (or jockey sprocket), and driven sprocket, transposition plate wheel are respectively mounted on the support frame, hang
Tool is hung in suspended chain.
The exit site of suspender running gear is located in the operation room outside radiation chamber in step 2).
The depth of well is greater than or equal to 7 meters in step 2).
Suspender running gear is at snakelike arrangement in step 2).
" corresponding suspender " is to determine that corresponding suspender matched doses are according to the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs in step 4)
Silver dichromate dosimeter measured value.
Vegetable material is rice paddy seed (semilate rice) in step 1), and the irradiation dose 395Gy of rice paddy seed (semilate rice) selects 29
Number station is to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates；Vegetable material is radish seed (Duanye 13), radish in step 1)
The irradiation dose 1500Gy of seed (Duanye 13) selects No. 31 stations to carry out dynamic radioaction, and running to No. 12 stations terminates；Step
It is rapid 1) in vegetable material be Radix Codonopsis seed, the irradiation dose 325Gy of Radix Codonopsis seed, select No. 28 stations for start station, run
Terminate to No. 12 stations；Vegetable material is field melon pollen in step 1), and the irradiation dose 750Gy of field melon pollen selects No. 36 works
To start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates for position；Vegetable material is corn seed, the irradiation agent of corn seed in step 1)
190Gy is measured, selects No. 26 stations to start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates；Vegetable material is Radix Astragali kind in step 1)
Son, the irradiation dose 300Gy of astragalus membranaceus seed select No. 28 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates；In step 1)
Vegetable material is rice plant (semilate rice), and the irradiation dose 75Gy of rice plant (semilate rice) selects No. 20 stations to start station,
Running to No. 12 stations terminates；Vegetable material is rape tissue-cultured seedling, the irradiation dose 60Gy of rape tissue-cultured seedling, choosing in step 1)
It selects No. 19 stations and starts station, running to No. 12 stations terminates.
1.55~2.00 ms/min of suspended chain operating rate in step 6).
In table 1, No. 18, No. 25, No. 32, No. 39, No. 46 stations (suspender present position) be that (installation turns turn point herein
Set disk).
The present invention mainly uses60Co- gamma-rays dynamic radioaction induces crops and Chinese herbal medicine hereditary variation, promotes hereditary base
Because of recombination, hereditary capacity is improved, obtains varied mutation for having utility value in a relatively short period of time.This method improves
The mutation rate of the plants such as wheat, rice, rape, Chinese herbal medicine, Mutagenic Effect are stablized, and easily operated, can mention for plant breeding
For reference.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
It is compared with general static irradiation method, the present invention uses60Co- gamma-rays carries out Dynamic step formula to vegetable material
The processing of irradiation, sample are placed on different station, and plant cell can be made to receive the influence of Different Dose Rates in a certain range,
The biochemical reaction that can accelerate catalysis and diversified cell interior keeps hereditary material DNA mutation generation in plant cell new
Gene, can be improved mutation efficiency, increase useful mutation, enrich breeding new material.In addition, dynamic radioaction only places sample
Radioactive source drops 1 time (entering radiation chamber 1 time), sampling does not have to drop source and (do not have to enter radiation chamber, because suspender is run when product
The exit site of device is located in the operation room outside radiation chamber), radiation safety risk substantially reduces.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cobalt source, suspender and station distribution map in radiation chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that suspender of the present invention and sample place schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the corresponding irradiation dose figure of station each in radiation chamber.
Fig. 4 is the mutation of barley beneficial characteristics and mutation strain number accounting figure after dynamic radioaction.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but of the invention
Protection scope be not limited to these examples.It is all to be included in this without departing substantially from the change of present inventive concept or equivalent substitute
Within the protection scope of invention.
A kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding, includes the following steps:
1) preparation of vegetable material: selecting that form is complete, vegetable material of not mechanical damage, lures as to Dynamic radiation
Become the sample of breeding；
2) preparation of Dynamic radiation device: Dynamic radiation device includes cobalt source, suspender running gear, cobalt source jacking system；
Suspender running gear is arranged in around cobalt source；Suspender running gear includes suspender, suspended chain, and suspender is hung in suspended chain；Cobalt source
It is placed on cobalt source frame (being source frame in Fig. 1), is provided with well below cobalt source frame；Cobalt source frame is connected with cobalt source jacking system,
Cobalt source frame is located in radiation chamber；Cobalt source is 60Co γ-rays source；The exit site of suspender running gear is located at the behaviour outside radiation chamber
In work；
Dynamic radiation device may also include control system, ventilating system, well water purification system, dosage test macro, radiation
Guard system；
Control system: the control to entire Dynamic radiation device is realized；
Ventilating system: realization is aerated ventilation to radiation chamber, operation room；
Well water purification system: it realizes and storage source water is purified；
Dosage test macro: to inside and outside radiation chamber and ambient enviroment carry out dosage test；
Radiation protecting systems: radiological safety protection is carried out to people；
Cobalt source jacking system: the lifting of cobalt source frame is realized；
Suspender running gear: realize that suspender carries out the operation of Dynamic step formula around cobalt source；
Control system, ventilating system, well water purification system, dosage test macro, radiation protecting systems, cobalt source jacking system
The prior art can be used；
3) drop source operation: cobalt source is dropped in well and { realizes the lifting of cobalt source frame by cobalt source jacking system；Specifically:
Drop source button is operated on console, cobalt source (or radioactive source) drops in the well of 7 meters of depths automatically }, after waiting 8 minutes
Staff carries γ radiation gauge and enters sample of the radiation chamber placement to Dynamic radiation mutation breeding；Carry the work of γ radiation gauge
With being to measure γ radiation Dose Rate, for radiological safety protection, (dosage rate is more than alarming value, and γ radiation gauge can be certainly
Dynamic alarm, operator not can enter radiation chamber)；
4) sample is placed: dosimeter being put among sample, sample is placed on the center of corresponding suspender (according to vegetable material
The Induced dosage needed, corresponding suspender matched doses are silver dichromate dosimeter measured value, and corresponding suspender, which is located at, starts station；
Sample is placed on the underbed in suspender, and sample is made to be placed on the center of corresponding suspender), sample is fixed with adhesive tape；Work
Radiation chamber is left as personnel；Fig. 1 is shown in cobalt source, suspender, station distribution, and Fig. 2 is shown in sample placement, and each station is corresponding in radiation chamber
Irradiation dose be shown in Table 1；
Station distribution, the corresponding irradiation dose of each station is as follows in radiation chamber: station distribution includes No. 12 stations, No. 13
Station, No. 14 stations, No. 15 stations, No. 16 stations, No. 17 stations, No. 19 stations, No. 20 stations, No. 21 stations, No. 22 works
Position, No. 23 stations, No. 24 stations, No. 26 stations, No. 27 stations, No. 28 stations, No. 29 stations, No. 30 stations, No. 31 stations,
No. 33 stations, No. 34 stations, No. 35 stations, No. 36 stations, No. 37 stations, No. 38 stations, No. 40 stations, No. 41 stations, No. 42
Station, No. 43 stations, No. 44 stations, No. 45 stations, No. 47 stations, No. 48 stations, No. 49 stations, No. 50 stations, No. 51 works
Position, No. 52 stations；The corresponding irradiation dose (Gy) of each station are as follows: 5,15,25,35,45,50,60,80,100,120,140,
150、185、255、325、395、465、500、535、605、 675、745、815、850、860、880、900、920、940、950、
955,965,975,985,995,1000；
No. 18, No. 25, No. 32, No. 39, No. 46 suspender present positions be turn point (installing transposition disk herein)；
5) rise source operation: starting suspended chain button, suspended chain brings into operation, and starts cobalt source lifting button, and cobalt source is from water
Risen in well operating position specifically: on supervisory control desk operate suspended chain button and rise source button, cobalt source (or radiation
Source) it is raised to operating position automatically }；
6) radiation treatment: the suspender with sample is driven lower around cobalt source (or radioactive source) progress dynamic step by suspended chain
It runs, is stopped on each station passed through 2~3 minutes, irradiation dose 60~1500Gy of range, dosage rate range into formula
For 1.67~35.00Gy/min；
Station locating for corresponding suspender (the correspondence station for the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs), which runs to No. 12 stations, to be terminated
(radiation treatment process)；
7) it samples: taking out the sample (sample after irradiation when the suspender for being loaded with sample runs to the operation room outside radiation chamber
Product), and remove dosimeter and carry out dose measurement to get the sample arrived after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding.
8) plantation observation: the sample (or irradiated sample) after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding is planted (such as in Hubei
Province's academy of agricultural sciences's Experimental Base is planted), the situations of change such as statistics emergence rate, plant height, blade profile, fertility observe mutant
Shape, and photograph to record.
The vegetable material refers to any one of crops, Chinese herbal medicine etc..
Vegetable material is dry seeds, pollen, tissue-cultured seedling or plant, wherein dry seeds, pollen quality model in step 1)
500g~3000g is enclosed, tissue-cultured seedling or plant need 100 plants or more.
Suspender running gear described in step 2) includes transmission device, support frame, suspended chain, transposition disk；In suspended chain
Between be equipped with transposition disk (or jockey sprocket plays guiding, supporting role), driven sprocket, transposition disk are respectively mounted on the support frame；
The transposition disk being made of bearing is arranged at snakelike arrangement, turning in suspender running gear in radiation chamber.Suspender running gear goes out
Oral area position is located in the operation room outside radiation chamber.One end of the outer suspended chain of radiation chamber is connected with driven sprocket, suspended chain it is another
End is connected with drive sprocket, and (transmission device is motor, and drive sprocket is arranged in motor on transmission device for drive sprocket setting
Output shaft on).
Track in Fig. 1 is fixed with support frame, and suspended chain is arranged along track, and track play the guiding role.
" corresponding suspender " is to determine that corresponding suspender matched doses are according to the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs in step 4)
Silver dichromate dosimeter measured value.The irradiation dose 325Gy of barley seed selects No. 28 stations to start station, runs to 12
Number station terminates.The irradiation dose 395Gy of rice paddy seed (semilate rice) selects No. 29 stations to start station, runs to No. 12
Station terminates.The irradiation dose 1500Gy of radish seed (Duanye 13) selects No. 31 stations to carry out dynamic radioaction, runs to 12
Number station terminates.The irradiation dose 325Gy of Radix Codonopsis seed selects No. 28 stations to start station, runs to No. 12 station knots
Beam.The irradiation dose 750Gy of field melon pollen selects No. 36 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates.Maize seed
The irradiation dose 190Gy of son selects No. 26 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates.The irradiation agent of astragalus membranaceus seed
300Gy is measured, selects No. 28 stations to start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates.The irradiation dose of rice plant (semilate rice)
75Gy selects No. 20 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates.The irradiation dose 60Gy of rape tissue-cultured seedling selects 19
Number station starts station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates.
1.55~2.00 ms/min of suspended chain operating rate in step 6).
Embodiment 1
Barley seed 1500g, irradiation dose 325Gy select No. 28 stations to start station, run to No. 12 station knots
Beam, by 15 stations, each station is stopped 2.6 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Weight chromium
Sour silver dosimeter actual measurement dosage is 320Gy, dosage rate 1.92-25.00Gy/min.Occurs a series of variation after dynamic radioaction
Material.Mutation type and mutation strain number accounting are shown in Table 2.Table 2 illustrates that this method is remarkably improved induced mutation rate.Following embodiment tool
There is same effect.
Mutation type and mutation strain number accounting are as follows:
Type: the mutation of leaf character, beneficial mutation strain number: 34, accounting (%): 7.5；
Type: the mutation of stem character, beneficial mutation strain number: 21, accounting (%): 6.2；
Type: tiller, beneficial mutation strain number: 103, accounting: 18.0 (%)；
Type: plant height, beneficial mutation strain number: 130, accounting: 23 (%)；
Type: the mutation of fringe character, beneficial mutation strain number: 76, accounting: 13.5 (%)；
Type: fringe type, beneficial mutation strain number: 65, accounting: 10.6 (%)；
Type: grain shape, beneficial mutation strain number: 15, accounting: 2.4 (%)；
Type: fertility mutation, beneficial mutation strain number: 135, accounting: 21.7 (%)；
Type: breeding time mutation, beneficial mutation strain number: 55, accounting: 8.6 (%)；
Type: precocious, beneficial mutation strain number: 30, accounting: 7.1 (%).
Embodiment 2
Rice paddy seed (semilate rice) 1500g, irradiation dose 395Gy selects No. 29 stations to start station, runs to No. 12 works
Position terminates, and by 16 stations, each station is stopped 2.3 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.
It is 400Gy, dosage rate 2.17-32.61Gy/min that silver dichromate dosimeter, which surveys dosage,.Occurs excellent short bar list after dynamic radioaction
Strain 200-300,1.2-1.3 meters of plant height (1.4 meters of original kind) is resistant to lodging compared with original kind；Mass of 1000 kernel 15g (original kind mass of 1000 kernel
20-30g), excellent compared with original kind mouthfeel, quality is good.
Embodiment 3
Radish seed (Duanye 13) 500g, irradiation dose 1500Gy.No. 31 stations are selected to carry out dynamic radioaction (i.e.
500Gy), running to No. 12 stations terminates, and by 18 stations, each station is stopped 2.0 minutes, then reruns one and flows
Journey (i.e. 1000Gy runs to No. 12 stations again), when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.With weight chromium
Sour silver dosimeter carries out dosage tracking, surveys dosage 1493Gy, dosage rate 2.50-35.00Gy/min.Occur after dynamic radioaction
Fine individual plant, root system is sturdy, and plant height 30cm (original kind root system tiny, plant height 20cm), is excellent parent material.
Embodiment 4
Radix Codonopsis seed 1000g, irradiation dose 325Gy select No. 28 stations to start station, run to No. 12 station knots
Beam, by 15 stations, each station is stopped 3.0 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.With weight
Siliver chromate dosimeter carries out dosage tracking, surveys dosage 325Gy, dosage rate 1.67-23.33Gy/min.It emerges after dynamic radioaction
There is a collection of fine individual plant in rate 47% or so, and plant root length, well developed root system, fresh root yield height (are the 2.2 of former variety yield
Times), botrytis resistant.
Embodiment 5
Field melon pollen 500g, irradiation dose 750Gy select No. 36 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates,
By 22 stations, each station is stopped 2.2 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Use dichromic acid
Silver-colored dosimeter carries out dosage tracking, surveys dosage 735Gy, dosage rate 2.27-31.82Gy/min.It is obtained after dynamic radioaction multiple
Haplobiont can be further used for 2 times of sport kinds, shorten the breeding time limit.
Embodiment 6
Corn seed 1000g, irradiation dose 190Gy select No. 26 stations to start station, run to No. 12 station knots
Beam, by 13 stations, each station is stopped 2.4 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Dosage
Rate 2.08-14.58Gy/min.For emergence rate up to 47-60% or so, there is 50% setting percentage list in Fertility segregation after dynamic radioaction
, there is 17 plants short bar precocity single plant in strain, and effect is better than static irradiation.
Embodiment 7
Astragalus membranaceus seed 2000g, irradiation dose 300Gy select No. 28 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates,
By 15 stations, each station is stopped 2.4 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Use dichromic acid
Silver-colored dosimeter carries out dosage tracking, surveys dosage 310Gy, dosage rate 2.08-22.92Gy/min.Emergence rate after dynamic radioaction
45% or so, fine individual plant is more, well developed root system is sturdy, yield is high, and cold-resistant is cold-resistant, anti-bloom disease.
Embodiment 8
200 plants, irradiation dose 75Gy of rice plant (semilate rice), No. 20 stations is selected to start station, runs to No. 12 stations
Terminate, by 8 stations, each station is stopped 2.0 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Dosage
Rate 2.50-10.00Gy/min.Setting percentage 40% or so after dynamic radioaction, fine individual plant is more, and plant height is down to 1.3 meters, more former
Kind is resistant to lodging.
Embodiment 9
2700 plants of rape tissue-cultured seedling, irradiation dose 60Gy selects No. 19 stations to start station, runs to No. 12 station knots
Beam, by 7 stations, each station is stopped 2.8 minutes, when sample runs to operation room i.e. sampling outside radiation chamber.Dosage rate
1.79-3.57Gy/min.Aberration rate is high, and 10.3% plant blade profile changes greatly, and 27.6% plant height becomes short.
The above enumerated are only specific embodiments of the present invention.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to which above embodiments, can also have
Many deformations, all deformations that those skilled in the art directly can export or associate from present disclosure,
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) preparation of vegetable material: selecting that form is complete, vegetable material of not mechanical damage, educates as to Dynamic radiation mutagenesis
The sample of kind；
2) preparation of Dynamic radiation device: Dynamic radiation device includes cobalt source, suspender running gear；Suspender running gear is arranged in
Around cobalt source；Suspender running gear includes suspender, suspended chain, and suspender is hung in suspended chain；Cobalt source is placed on cobalt source frame, cobalt source
Well is provided with below frame；Cobalt source frame is located in radiation chamber；Cobalt source is 60Co γ-rays source；
3) drop source operation: cobalt source is dropped in well, and staff's carrying γ radiation gauge enters radiation chamber after waiting 8 minutes
Place the sample to Dynamic radiation mutation breeding；
4) sample is placed: dosimeter being put among sample, sample is placed on the center of corresponding suspender, fixes sample with adhesive tape
Product；Staff leaves radiation chamber；Station distribution, the corresponding irradiation dose of each station is as follows in radiation chamber:
Station distribution includes No. 12 stations, No. 13 stations, No. 14 stations, No. 15 stations, No. 16 stations, No. 17 stations, No. 19 works
Position, No. 20 stations, No. 21 stations, No. 22 stations, No. 23 stations, No. 24 stations, No. 26 stations, No. 27 stations, No. 28 stations, 29
Number station, No. 30 stations, No. 31 stations, No. 33 stations, No. 34 stations, No. 35 stations, No. 36 stations, No. 37 stations, No. 38 works
Position, No. 40 stations, No. 41 stations, No. 42 stations, No. 43 stations, No. 44 stations, No. 45 stations, No. 47 stations, No. 48 stations, 49
Number station, No. 50 stations, No. 51 stations, No. 52 stations；The corresponding irradiation dose (Gy) of each station are as follows: 5,15,25,35,45,
50、60、80、100、120、140、150、185、255、325、395、465、500、535、605、675、745、815、850、860、
880,900,920,940,950,955,965,975,985,995,1000；
5) rise source operation: starting suspended chain button, suspended chain brings into operation, and starts cobalt source lifting button, and cobalt source is from well
Rise to operating position；
6) radiation treatment: the suspender with sample by suspended chain drive it is lower carry out the operation of Dynamic step formula, each of passed through
It is stopped on station 2~3 minutes, irradiation dose 60~1500Gy of range, dosage rate range is 1.67~35.00Gy/min；
7) it samples: taking out sample when the operation room that the suspender for being loaded with sample is run to outside radiation chamber, and remove dosimeter progress
Dose measurement is to get the sample arrived after Dynamic radiation mutation breeding.
2. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: plant described in step 1)
Object material refers to any one of crops, Chinese herbal medicine.
3. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: planted in step 1)
Object material is dry seeds, pollen, tissue-cultured seedling or plant, wherein dry seeds, pollen mass range 500g~3000g, tissue culture
Seedling or plant need 100 plants or more.
4. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hung described in step 2)
Having running gear includes support frame, transmission device, suspended chain, transposition disk, suspender；One end of suspended chain is connected with driven sprocket,
The other end of suspended chain is connected with active movable sprocket, and active movable sprocket is arranged on transmission device, and suspension middle-of-chain, which is equipped with, to be turned
Disk is set, driven sprocket, transposition plate wheel are respectively mounted on the support frame, and suspender is hung in suspended chain.
5. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: well in step 2)
Depth is greater than or equal to 7 meters.
6. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: suspender is transported in step 2)
Luggage is set to snakelike arrangement.
7. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: " corresponding in step 4)
Suspender " is determined according to the Induced dosage that vegetable material needs, and corresponding suspender matched doses are silver dichromate dosimeter measured value.
8. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: suspended chain in step 6)
1.55~2.00 ms/min of operating rate.
9. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that: hung in step 2)
The exit site of tool running gear is located in the operation room outside radiation chamber.
10. a kind of method of Dynamic radiation mutation breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: plant in step 1)
Material is the irradiation dose 395Gy of rice paddy seed, selects No. 29 stations to start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates；Step
1) vegetable material is radish kind in, and the irradiation dose 1500Gy of radish seed selects No. 31 stations to carry out dynamic radioaction, runs to
No. 12 stations terminate；Vegetable material is Radix Codonopsis seed in step 1), and the irradiation dose 325Gy of Radix Codonopsis seed selects No. 28 stations
To start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates；Vegetable material is field melon pollen, the irradiation dose of field melon pollen in step 1)
750Gy selects No. 36 stations to start station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates；Vegetable material is corn seed in step 1), beautiful
The irradiation dose 190Gy of rice seed, selects No. 26 stations to start station, running to No. 12 stations terminates；Plant in step 1)
Material is astragalus membranaceus seed, and the irradiation dose 300Gy of astragalus membranaceus seed selects No. 28 stations to start station, runs to No. 12 station knots
Beam；Vegetable material is rice plant in step 1), and the irradiation dose 75Gy of rice plant selects No. 20 stations to start station, is transported
Row terminates to No. 12 stations；Vegetable material is rape tissue-cultured seedling in step 1), and the irradiation dose 60Gy of rape tissue-cultured seedling selects 19
Number station starts station, and running to No. 12 stations terminates.
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