CN108106904B - Device for preparing soil sample with specific water content and application thereof - Google Patents
Device for preparing soil sample with specific water content and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for preparing a soil sample with specific water content and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The device comprises a soil sample preparation device, a water storage device, a data acquisition and storage processor and a real-time control system, wherein the soil sample preparation device comprises a water spraying controller, a dry soil sprayer, a gravity sensor and a soil sample container; the device sprays and spreads through the layering of soil layer, combines the layering to spray water, reaches the even invariable effect of soil body moisture content. By way of example and not limitation, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: the invention can better control the uniformity of the water content of the soil body, and particularly can solve the problems of agglomeration, uneven water content, large influence of artificial factors and the like in the preparation process of the soil sample with specific water content. The method is suitable for preparing loess, sandy soil and expansive soil, especially cohesive soil sample which is easy to agglomerate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and relates to a device for preparing a soil sample with specific water content and application thereof.
Background
At present, engineering construction activities are carried out in many countries in the world, including China, and foundation soil must be sufficiently known before engineering construction. Indoor tests are one of the main methods for knowing the properties of soil bodies, and a plurality of indoor tests need to prepare soil samples with specific water content before the tests are carried out. How to rapidly and efficiently prepare a high-quality soil sample with a specific water content is the problem to be solved before other indoor tests are carried out.
At present, the soil sample with specific water content is prepared mainly by a manual stirring method. The manual stirring method is that dry soil with certain mass is placed in a container, then the mass of required water is calculated according to the mass and the water content of the dry soil, and then the required mass of water is sprinkled into the container while stirring. Although the method can prepare the soil sample with specific water content, the caking and agglomeration phenomena are easy to occur in the preparation process, especially for cohesive soil, and the water content of the prepared soil sample is directly uneven; in the sample preparation process of the method, a soil sample is directly contacted with air, and under the condition of air drying, water volatilization can be accelerated in the stirring process, so that the water content of the prepared soil sample is inaccurate; the method has the advantages that the dust raising phenomenon is easy to occur in the sample preparation process, and is not good for health; finally, the automation degree of the preparation process of the method is low, the influence of human factors is large, and the accuracy of the water content of the prepared sample can be directly influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel device for preparing soil samples with specific water content to rapidly, efficiently and accurately prepare high-quality soil samples.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device for preparing a soil sample with specific water content and application thereof, which are suitable for preparing the soil sample with specific water content, in particular for preparing a cohesive soil sample.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is as follows:
a device for preparing a soil sample with specific water content comprises a closed soil sample preparation device, a water storage device, a data acquisition and storage processor and a real-time control system; wherein the closed soil sample preparation device also comprises a dry soil sprayer, a water spraying controller, a soil sample container and a gravity sensor.
The soil sample container is a container with an opening at the upper part and is used for placing a soil sample; the dry soil sprayer and the water spray controller are positioned above the soil sample container and are used for respectively and uniformly spraying single-layer soil and water into the soil sample container repeatedly; the gravity sensor is used for weighing the mass of the soil sample in the soil sample container.
Further, the top of the soil sample preparation device is provided with a top cover, and the top cover is required to be covered when preparing the soil sample, so that the soil sample preparation device is kept closed.
The water spraying controller is communicated with the water storage device, and the water spraying controller and the water storage device are filled with water; and a water pressure sensor is arranged in the water receiver and is connected with the data acquisition and storage processor, and the water pressure in the water receiver and the water spraying controller is transmitted to the data acquisition and storage processor in real time.
Further, the device also comprises an air compressor, wherein the water storage device is provided with an air bag, and the air compressor is connected with the water storage device through the air bag arranged in the water storage device. The conversion from air pressure to water pressure can be realized through the air bag, when the pressure fed back in the real-time control system is smaller than the preset water pressure Po, the real-time control system can control the air compressor to pressurize so as to increase the water pressure, otherwise, the water pressure can be reduced until the water pressure is equal to the preset value.
The data acquisition and storage processor is used for recording preset water pressure Po, the driving speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer, the water content H, the mass Mo of the required soil sample and the length L of the soil sample container; the data acquisition and storage processor is connected with the gravity sensor and is further used for calculating the mass Ms of water spraying each time and the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller in the water spraying process each time according to the set water content H, the mass Mt of the newly added single-layer dry soil each time, the preset water pressure Po and the length L of the soil sample container.
The data acquisition and storage processor is connected with the real-time control system and transmits the data information obtained by recording and calculating the data information to the real-time control system; the real-time control system is respectively connected with the dry soil sprayer and the water spray controller and is used for controlling the dry soil sprayer to drive from one side above the soil sample container to the other side at a preset driving speed Vt and uniformly spray a layer of dry soil in the soil sample container, or controlling the water spray controller to drive from one side above the soil sample container to the other side at a calculated driving speed Vs and uniformly spray water with corresponding quality Ms in the soil sample container.
Meanwhile, the real-time control system is also connected with the air compressor, and the water pressure P in the water storage device and the water spraying controller is always maintained at a preset value Po in the whole experiment process through the air compressor, and the water spraying rate Vp of the water spraying controller is ensured to be constant. When the water pressure is constant, the water spray rate must be constant for a particular pipe at a particular location.
In the preferred embodiment, the dry soil sprayer is an elongated funnel, such as an elongated stainless steel funnel; the real-time control system can control the dry soil sprayer to spray from one side to the other side above the soil sample container at a constant speed along the direction perpendicular to the strip shape, so that the dry soil falling into the soil sample container is ensured to be uniform in thickness.
The running speed of the dry soil sprayer is determined by combining the size of the soil particles, the larger the soil particles are, the slower the leakage speed is, and the running speed can be set to be smaller; the smaller the soil particles are, the higher the leakage speed is, and the driving speed can be set to be properly higher; the maximum particle size of the soil particles must be smaller than the aperture of the funnel so as to ensure the dry soil to smoothly and stably fall; when the maximum particle size of the soil particles is larger than the funnel aperture, it is considered to replace the large aperture dry soil sprinklers.
In a preferred embodiment, the water spray controller is a cylindrical pipe with a hole on one side wall, for example, a cylindrical stainless steel pipe arranged transversely, and the real-time control system can control the water spray controller to spray water from one side to the other side above the soil sample container at a constant speed along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the steel pipe, so as to ensure the uniformity of the sprayed water.
The data storage processor can calculate the water spraying rate Vp according to the preset water pressure Po, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
water spray rate
Wherein: gamma rayWIs the severity of the water;
then dividing the water spraying quality Ms by the water spraying speed Vp to obtain the water spraying time t, then dividing the water spraying time t by the stroke L of the path of the water spraying controller moving from one side to the other side above the soil sample container (namely the length of the soil sample container), namely calculating the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller, and then controlling the water spraying controller through a real-time control system to drive the calculated constant running speed Vs from one side to the other side above the soil sample container so as to ensure that the water sprayed into the soil sample container is uniform and the quality of the sprayed water is accurate.
The water pressure in the water receiver is set according to the preset water content H of the soil sample, generally, the higher the water content H is, the higher the water pressure Po is, and the larger the water spraying speed of the water spraying controller can be ensured.
Furthermore, the top of the water spraying controller is provided with an exhaust hole, the top of the water storage device is provided with an exhaust hole, and the bottom of the water storage device is provided with a water discharging (inlet) hole.
The invention also provides application of the device for preparing the soil sample with the specific water content in the preparation of the soil sample:
(S1) filling water into the water storage device and the water spraying controller, exhausting air, and ensuring that the water pressure in the water storage device and the water spraying controller is a preset value through a water pressure sensor, a data acquisition and storage processor and a real-time control system and is kept unchanged in the whole test process;
(S2) putting sufficient dry soil into the dry soil sprayer, covering a top cover of the soil sample preparation device, controlling the dry soil sprayer to move from one side to the other side above the soil sample container at a preset constant speed by the real-time control system, scattering the dry soil into the soil sample container, weighing the mass of newly-added dry soil in the soil sample container by the gravity sensor, and transmitting the mass to the data acquisition and storage processor;
(S3) recording the mass Mt of the newly added dry soil by combining the data acquisition and storage processor, and then calculating the mass Ms of the water needed to be sprayed next time according to the water content H; automatically calculating the running speed Vs of the water spray controller according to the water spraying quality Ms, the water pressure Po and the stroke L (the length of the soil sample container) of the water spray controller, transmitting the running speed Vs of the water spray controller to a real-time control system, controlling the water spray controller to run from one side to the other side above the soil sample container at the corresponding running speed Vs by the real-time control system, uniformly spraying water in the soil sample container, weighing the mass Mt + s of the soil sample in the soil sample container through a gravity sensor, and transmitting the mass Mt + s of the soil sample to a data acquisition and storage processor;
(S4) repeating the steps of spraying soil and spraying water; when the water spraying is finished and the mass M of the soil sample in the soil sample container is larger than the mass Mo of the required soil sample, the test can be terminated;
(S5) after the test is ended, the real-time control system automatically releases pressure of the water storage device and the water spraying controller; discharging water from the water reservoir and the water spray controller; soaking the soil sample overnight; sampling and using.
A preferred application is:
(S11) cleaning and drying of appliances: taking out the dry soil sprayer and the soil sample container for full cleaning, drying after cleaning, and then installing in the soil sample preparation device;
(S12) exhaust water injection: opening the exhaust holes in the water storage device and the water spray controller, injecting purified water from the water discharge (inlet) holes of the water storage device, and closing all the exhaust holes and the water discharge (inlet) holes when water overflows from the exhaust holes of the opened water storage device and the water spray controller;
(S13) placing dry soil: calculating to obtain the mass Mo' of the required dry soil according to the mass Mo and the water content H of the soil sample required to be prepared, putting a sufficient amount of dry soil into the dry soil sprayer, and covering a top cover of the soil sample preparation device;
(S14) setting the water pressure Po, the driving speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer, the water content H, the required soil sample mass Mo and the length L of the soil sample container: setting the water pressure Po in the water receiver according to the water content H of the soil sample, wherein the higher the water content H is, the higher the set value of the water pressure Po is; the running speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer is determined by combining the size of the soil particles, and the larger the soil particles, the smaller the set value of the running speed Vt is; the required soil sample quality Mo is determined according to the scale of the subsequent test; the length L of the soil sample container can be determined by measuring the soil sample container; after determining the water pressure Po, the driving speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer, the water content H, the required soil sample quality Mo and the length L of the soil sample container, inputting the five parameters in a data acquisition and storage processor;
(S15) pressure maintaining: the water pressure sensor transmits the water pressure P in the water storage device and the water spraying controller to the data acquisition and storage processor in real time, and then the water pressure P in the water spraying controller is controlled in real time through the real-time control system, so that the water pressure P in the water spraying controller is always maintained at a preset value Po in the whole experiment process;
(S16) soil sprinkling: the mass of the soil sample container is transferred to the data acquisition and storage processor through the gravity sensor and stored; the real-time control system controls the dry soil sprayer to drive from one side to the other side above the soil sample container at a preset driving speed Vt, and a layer of dry soil is newly added in the soil sample container after the dry soil sprayer drives to the other side; the mass of the soil sample in the soil sample container is transmitted to the data acquisition and storage processor through the gravity sensor and stored, and the mass difference with the mass recorded at the previous time is the mass Mt of the newly added layer of dry soil;
(S17) water spraying: the data acquisition and storage processor calculates the mass Ms of the required water spraying according to the mass Mt of the newly added dry soil and the preset water content H, and calculates the water spraying speed Vs of the water spraying controller according to the preset water pressure Po, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
water spray rate
Wherein: gamma rayWIs the severity of the water;
then calculating the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller according to the water spraying speed Vp, the water spraying quality Ms and the stroke L of the water spraying controller, transmitting the running speed Vs to a real-time control system, and controlling the water spraying controller to run from one side above the soil sample container to the other side at the corresponding running speed Vs by the real-time control system; after driving to the other side, the mass of the soil sample container is transferred to the data acquisition and storage processor through the gravity sensor and stored;
(S18) judgment of termination of test: repeating the steps (S16) and (S17) repeatedly until the mass M of the soil sample in the soil sample container recorded by the data acquisition and storage processor is larger than the required mass Mo of the soil sample after the water spraying is finished, and ending the test;
(S19) pressure relief: when the test is ended, the real-time control system 7 can automatically reduce the water pressure in the water storage device and the water spraying controller;
(S20) draining: after pressure relief is finished, the exhaust hole and the water discharge (inlet) hole are opened in sequence to completely discharge water;
(S21) soil sample infiltration: continuously placing the soil sample in a soil sample container, and soaking overnight;
(S22) sampling: and when the follow-up test is needed, taking out the soil sample after the infiltration from the soil sample container for use.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional manual stirring method, the method for spraying the soil layer by layer and spraying the water layer by layer does not need to stir the soil body, is not easy to cause the phenomenon of caking and agglomeration, has uniform water content of the soil sample, and solves the problems of caking and agglomeration and non-uniform water content of the soil sample prepared by the traditional manual stirring method.
2. The sample preparation process is carried out in a closed soil sample preparation device, the soil sample is not directly contacted with air as in the traditional manual stirring method, the water volatilization cannot be caused in the sample preparation process of the method, and the problem of inaccuracy of the water content of the soil sample prepared by the traditional manual stirring method is solved.
3. The sample preparation process is carried out in the closed soil sample preparation device, so that the dust raising phenomenon in the air can not be caused in the sample preparation process, and the health of sample preparation personnel can not be harmed.
4. The invention is characterized in that the other test steps are automatically completed except for filling dry soil, injecting water and draining water, the degree of automation is higher, the influence of human errors can be greatly reduced, and the defect of large influence of human factors in the traditional manual stirring method is overcome.
5. The invention is a set of detachable and reusable device, the structure composition is simpler, and the maintenance and the use are very convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus for preparing a soil sample having a specific water content according to the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. the system comprises a dry soil sprayer 2, a water spraying controller 3, a soil sample container 4, a gravity sensor 5, a soil sample preparation device 6, a data acquisition and storage processor 7, a real-time control system 8, an air compressor 9, a water storage device 10, an air bag 11, a water pressure sensor 12, an exhaust hole 13 and a water discharge (inlet) hole.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the device for preparing the soil sample with the specific water content and the application thereof provided by the invention will be further explained by combining the specific embodiment and the attached drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent in conjunction with the following description.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better practicability, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. The technical features or combinations of technical features described in the embodiments of the present invention should not be considered as being isolated, and they may be combined with each other to achieve a better technical effect. The scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention may also include additional implementations, and this should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The drawings of the present invention are in simplified form and are not to scale, but rather are provided for the purpose of facilitating and clearly illustrating embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced. Any modification of the structure, change of the ratio or adjustment of the size of the structure should fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the effect and the purpose of the present disclosure. And the same reference numerals appearing in the drawings of the present invention denote the same features or components, which can be applied to different embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for preparing the soil sample with the specific water content comprises a closed soil sample preparation device 5, a water storage device 9, an air compressor 8, a data acquisition and storage processor 6 and a real-time control system 7; wherein, the soil sample preparation device 5 comprises a dry soil sprayer 1, a water spraying controller 2, a soil sample container 3 and a gravity sensor 4.
Further, the top of the soil sample preparation device 5 has a top cover, which must be covered when preparing the soil sample, so as to keep the soil sample preparation device 5 closed.
The gravity sensor 4 is connected with the data acquisition and storage processor 6, and records the soil sprinkling quality and the soil sample quality. The data acquisition and storage processor 6 is connected with the real-time control system 7, and the real-time control system 7 is connected with the dry soil sprayer 1 so as to ensure that the thickness of the sprayed dry soil is uniform. The real-time control system 7 is connected with the water spraying controller 2, so that the accurate quality and the uniform thickness of the sprayed water can be ensured.
The air compressor 8 is connected to the water reservoir 9 through an air bag 10 disposed in the water reservoir 9, and the water reservoir 9 is connected to the water spray controller 2 to perform pressurized water spray to the water spray controller 2. The water pressure sensor 11 in the water receiver 9 is connected with the data acquisition and storage processor 6, the data acquisition and storage processor 6 is connected with the real-time control system 7, and the real-time control system 7 is connected with the air compressor 8, so that the constancy of the water pressure in the water spraying controller 2 in the whole experiment process can be ensured.
The top of the water spray controller 2 and the water receiver 9 are both provided with exhaust holes 12, and the bottom of the water receiver is provided with water discharge (inlet) holes 13, so that water injection and water discharge can be realized for the water spray controller 2 and the water receiver 9.
The application of the device for preparing the soil sample with the specific water content comprises the following steps:
(S11) cleaning and drying of appliances: taking out the dry soil sprayer 1 and the soil sample container 3 for full cleaning, drying after cleaning, and then installing in the soil sample preparation device 5;
(S12) exhaust water injection: opening the water reservoir 9 and the exhaust hole 12 in the water spray controller 2, injecting purified water from the water discharge (inlet) hole 13 of the water reservoir 9, and closing all the exhaust holes 12 and the water discharge (inlet) hole 13 when water overflows when the exhaust holes 12 of the water reservoir 9 and the water spray controller 2 are opened;
(S13) placing dry soil: calculating to obtain the mass Mo' of the required dry soil according to the mass Mo and the water content H of the soil sample required to be prepared, putting a sufficient amount of dry soil into the dry soil sprayer 1, and covering a top cover of the soil sample preparation device;
(S14) setting of water pressure Po, traveling speed Vt of the dry soil sprinkler 1, water content H, required soil sample mass Mo, length L of the soil sample container (3): the water pressure Po in the water receiver 9 is set according to the water content H of the soil sample, and the higher the water content H is, the higher the setting value of the water pressure Po is; the running speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer 1 is determined by combining the size of soil particles, and the larger the soil particles, the smaller the set value of the running speed Vt is; the required soil sample quality Mo is determined according to the scale of the subsequent test; the length L of the soil sample container 3 can be determined by measuring the soil sample container 3; after determining the water pressure Po, the driving speed Vt and the water content H of the dry soil sprayer 1, the required soil sample quality Mo and the length L of the soil sample container 3, inputting the five parameters into the data acquisition and storage processor 6;
(S15) pressure maintaining: the water pressure sensor 11 transmits the water pressure P in the water storage device 9 and the water spray controller 2 to the data acquisition and storage processor 6 in real time, and then the water pressure P in the water spray controller 2 is controlled in real time through the real-time control system 7, so that the water pressure P in the water spray controller 2 is always maintained at a preset value Po in the whole experiment process;
(S16) soil sprinkling: the mass of the soil sample container 3 is transmitted to the data acquisition and storage processor 6 through the gravity sensor 4 and stored; the real-time control system 7 controls the dry soil sprayer 1 to drive from one side above the soil sample container 3 to the other side at a preset driving speed Vt, and after the dry soil sprayer drives to the other side, a layer of dry soil is newly added in the soil sample container 3; the mass of the soil sample in the soil sample container 3 is transmitted to the data acquisition and storage processor 6 through the gravity sensor 4 and stored, and the mass difference with the mass recorded at the previous time is the mass Mt of the newly added layer of dry soil;
(S17) water spraying: the data acquisition and storage processor 6 calculates the mass Ms of the water to be sprayed according to the mass Mt of the newly added dry soil and the preset water content H, and calculates the water spraying speed Vp of the water spraying controller 2 according to the preset water pressure Po, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
water spray rate
Wherein: gamma rayWIs the severity of the water;
then calculating the running speed Vs of the water spray controller 2 according to the water spray speed Vp, the water spray quality Ms and the stroke L of the water spray controller 2, transmitting the running speed Vs to a real-time control system 7, and controlling the water spray controller 2 to run from one side above the soil sample container 3 to the other side at the corresponding running speed Vs by the real-time control system 7; after driving to the other side, the mass of the soil sample container 3 is transferred to the data acquisition and storage processor 6 through the gravity sensor 4 and stored;
(S18) judgment of termination of test: repeating the step (S16) (S17) repeatedly until the mass M of the soil sample in the soil sample container 3 recorded by the data acquisition and storage processor 6 after the water spraying is finished is larger than the required mass Mo of the soil sample, and then the test can be terminated;
(S19) pressure relief: when the test is ended, the real-time control system 7 can automatically reduce the water pressure in the water storage device 9 and the water spraying controller 2;
(S20) draining: after the pressure relief is finished, the exhaust hole 12 and the water discharge (inlet) hole 13 are opened in sequence to completely discharge water;
(S21) soil sample infiltration: continuously placing the soil sample in the soil sample container 3, and soaking overnight;
(S22) sampling: and when the follow-up test is needed, taking out the soil sample after the infiltration from the soil sample container 3 for use.
It should be noted that: the invention is not limited to cohesive soil, and other types of soil bodies are also possible; in the invention, open containers with various specifications, such as cylindrical containers, can be placed in the soil sample container 3, so that soil samples with different specifications, such as cylindrical soil samples, can be directly prepared.
The method can prepare the soil sample with specific water content, has uniform prepared soil sample, accurate water content, high automation degree and no influence on the health of sample preparation personnel, and can effectively solve the problems of caking and agglomeration of the soil sample, non-uniform water content of the soil sample, inaccurate water content of the soil sample, adverse health, large influence of human factors and the like in the traditional manual stirring method.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate one of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a device of specific moisture content soil sample which characterized in that: comprises a closed soil sample preparation device (5), a water storage device (9), a data acquisition and storage processor (6) and a real-time control system (7); wherein the closed soil sample preparation device (5) comprises a dry soil sprayer (1), a water spraying controller (2), a soil sample container (3) and a gravity sensor (4);
the dry soil sprayer (1) and the water spraying controller (2) are positioned above the soil sample container (3) and are used for respectively and uniformly spraying single-layer soil and water into the soil sample container (3) repeatedly; the gravity sensor (4) is used for weighing the mass of the soil sample in the soil sample container (3);
the water spraying controller (2) is communicated with the water storage device (9), and the water spraying controller (2) and the water storage device (9) are filled with water; a water pressure sensor (11) is arranged in the water storage device (9), the water pressure sensor (11) is connected with the data acquisition and storage processor (6), and water pressure in the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2) is transmitted to the data acquisition and storage processor (6) in real time;
the data acquisition and storage processor (6) is used for recording preset water pressure Po, the driving speed Vt of the dry soil sprayer (1), the water content H, the mass Mo of the required soil sample and the length L of the soil sample container (3); the data acquisition and storage processor (6) is connected with the gravity sensor (4) and is further used for calculating the mass Ms of each water spraying and the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller (2) in each water spraying process according to the preset water content H, the mass Mt of each newly-added single-layer dry soil, the preset water pressure Po and the length L of the soil sample container (3);
the data acquisition and storage processor (6) is also connected with the real-time control system (7) and transmits the data information obtained by recording and calculating the data information to the real-time control system (7); the real-time control system (7) is further respectively connected with the dry soil sprayer (1) and the water spray controller (2) and used for controlling the dry soil sprayer (1) to drive from one side above the soil sample container (3) to the other side at a preset driving speed Vt and uniformly spray a layer of dry soil in the soil sample container (3), or controlling the water spray controller (2) to drive from one side above the soil sample container (3) to the other side at a calculated driving speed Vs and uniformly spray water with corresponding mass Ms in the soil sample container (3).
2. The apparatus for preparing a soil sample having a specific water content according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises an air compressor (8);
the water storage device (9) is internally provided with an air bag (10), the air compressor (8) is connected with the water storage device (9) through the air bag (10) arranged in the water storage device (9), and the conversion from air pressure to water pressure is realized through the air bag (10);
meanwhile, the real-time control system (7) is also connected with an air compressor (8), and the water pressure P in the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2) is always maintained at a preset value Po in the whole experiment process through the air compressor (8), and the water spraying rate Vp of the water spraying controller (2) is constant.
3. The apparatus for preparing a soil sample having a specific water content according to claim 1, wherein: and the top of the water spraying controller (2) is provided with an exhaust hole (12).
4. The apparatus for preparing a soil sample having a specific water content according to claim 1, wherein: the dry soil sprayer (1) is a long-strip-shaped funnel, and the aperture of the long-strip-shaped funnel is larger than the maximum particle size of soil particles.
5. The apparatus for preparing a soil sample having a specific water content according to claim 1, wherein: the water spray controller (2) is a cylindrical pipe with a hole on one side wall.
6. The application of the device for preparing the soil sample with the specific water content as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(S1) filling water in the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2), exhausting air, ensuring that the water pressure in the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2) is a preset value through the water pressure sensor (11), the data acquisition and storage processor (6) and the real-time control system (7), and keeping the water pressure unchanged in the whole test process;
(S2) putting sufficient dry soil into the dry soil sprayer (1), controlling the dry soil sprayer (1) to move from one side to the other side above the soil sample container (3) at a preset constant speed by the real-time control system (7), spraying the dry soil into the soil sample container (3), weighing the mass Mt of newly added dry soil in the soil sample container (3) by the gravity sensor (4), and transmitting the mass Mt to the data acquisition and storage processor (6);
(S3) recording the mass Mt of the newly added dry soil by combining the data acquisition and storage processor (6), and then calculating the mass Ms of the water required to be sprayed next time according to the water content H; automatically calculating the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller (2) according to the water spraying quality Ms, the water pressure Po and the stroke L of the water spraying controller (2), transmitting the running speed Vs of the water spraying controller (2) to a real-time control system (7), controlling the water spraying controller (2) to run from one side to the other side above the soil sample container (3) at the corresponding running speed Vs by the real-time control system (7), uniformly spraying water in the soil sample container (3), weighing the mass Mt + s of the soil sample in the soil sample container (3) through a gravity sensor (4), and transmitting the mass Mt + s to a data acquisition and storage processor;
(S4) repeating the steps of spraying soil and spraying water; when the water spraying is finished and the mass M of the soil sample in the soil sample container (3) is larger than the required mass Mo of the soil sample, the test can be terminated;
(S5) after the test is ended, the real-time control system (7) automatically releases pressure of the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2); discharging water in the water storage device (9) and the water spraying controller (2); soaking the soil sample overnight; sampling and using.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the dry soil sprayer (1) is a long-strip-shaped funnel, the real-time control system (7) controls the dry soil sprayer (1) to spray from one side to the other side above the soil sample container (5) at a preset constant speed Vt along the direction perpendicular to the strip shape, and the dry soil falling into the soil sample container (3) is guaranteed to be uniform in thickness.
8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water spraying controller (2) is a cylindrical pipe with a hole in one side wall, and the real-time control system (7) controls the water spraying controller (2) to spray water from one side to the other side above the soil sample container (5) along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipe at a corresponding running speed Vs so as to ensure the uniformity of sprayed water.
9. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water pressure Po preset in the water storage device (9) is set according to the water content H of the soil sample, the higher the water content H is, the higher the water pressure Po is set, so that the larger the water spraying speed Vp of the water spraying controller (2) is ensured to be.
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