CN108105752A

CN108105752A - The coal consumption of power supply of thermal power plant is down to below 200g/kw.h and emission reduction

Info

Publication number: CN108105752A
Application number: CN201711220105.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辜声鸿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-11-28
Filing date: 2017-11-28
Publication date: 2018-06-01

Abstract

A kind of coal consumption of power supply for making thermal power plant is down to below 200g/kw.h, and the system engineering of emission reduction, is related to the technical field and CO of the physics heat transfer of the coal consumption decline of thermal power plant₂The technical field of chemistry of comprehensive utilization, i.e. with two groups of heat pumps, one group of heat transfer flue, one condensate pipe, the heat of the heat of steam exhaust in gas trap, the heat of flue gas, the waste heat of oxygen-eliminating device, the waste heat of vacuum pump, steam-operating water pump, steam-operating compressor work done is all exchanged the condensation water of feed boiler by one fume pipe and attachment composition；When making the condensation water into boiler it is the saturated water of high temperature and pressure, and coal consumption of power supply is made to drop to below 200g/kwh, while general thermal power plant is even down to below 150g/kwh, the flue gas after cooling is in decarbonizing tower, the CO of abjection₂Into CO₂It is spare in accumulator tank.

Description

The coal consumption of power supply of thermal power plant is down to below 200g/kw.h and emission reduction

The coal consumption of power supply that technical field patent of the present invention is related to thermal power plant (hereinafter referred to as thermal power plant) is down to Below 200g/kw.h, and the CO in flue gas₂All of physics heat transfer and chemical production be raw material technical field；Tool It says, exactly the heat in the heat of steam exhaust, flue gas in condenser and vacuum pump, the heat heat pump of oxygen-eliminating device discharge body After recycling, reconvert gives the condensation water for removing boiler, is saturated water when making the condensation water into boiler；Some is even down to 150g/ While kw.h, the CO in flue gas₂Technical field as industrial chemicals, fire-extinguishing chemical etc..

All using surface condenser steam turbine, which discharges weary the present thermal power plant of background technology Vapour accounts for the 60% of fuel thermal energy, then the electricity of the 1-1.5% with generated energy, extracts tens thousand of tons in rivers or lake per hour Cooling water, steam exhaust is cooled to the condensation water of boiler；And the cooling water returns to river, river or lake with the heat of steam exhaust In, also air is replaced cooling water by useful wind turbine；In order to reduce coal consumption, the heat that cooling water or wind are taken away is reduced, just from vapour Turbine middle steam extractions at different levels are progressively heated to condensation water, and the condensation water made into boiler is high pressure, the saturated water of high temperature, and backheat is claimed to add Heat；The temperature of the flue gas of chimney of electric plant is up to 110 DEG C -160 DEG C, and some is up to 200 DEG C, and the 6% of suitable fuel thermal energy；Warp now After crossing desulphurization plant desulfurization, CO₂Deng flue gas still discharged by chimney；Also heat is carried out before discharge with the flue gas before desulphurization plant It exchanges, the smoke temperature of discharge is made to be not less than 80 DEG C；The heat of the emptyings such as the also vacuum pump of condenser, oxygen-eliminating device；In short, thermoelectricity The fuel thermal energy of factory is converted to effective thermal energy of electric energy, only accounts for 30% or so；Present coal consumption of power supply is 305-392g/ Kw.h, the target to the year two thousand twenty are 330g/kw.h；More fearful greenhouse effects are growing on and on.

The content of the invention is first turned off and throws away the existing Congjiang, river etc. and air-cooled pipeline, without chimney emission, Without the back heating system of feedwater；If low-temperature receiver is CO₂, then with two groups of heat pumps, one group of heat transfer flue, two pipelines and attachment group Into；The evaporator of first group of heat pump cold end can be replaced, it is also possible to the evaporation of the heat pump cold end with heat exchanger original in gas trap Device is replaced；The pipeline connected with the evaporator in gas trap is the supervisor of first group of heat pump, and control valve, heating are connected on the supervisor Device, the suction tube, (CO that suction tube connection comes from heat transfer flue₂Pipe), tee one-way valve, temperature table controller (hereinafter referred to as Temperature controller), steam-operating compressor, big chamber, the pressure table controller (hereinafter referred to as pressure controller) in this group of heat pump hot junction, second group of heat pump The big chamber of cold end, after isocon, connect back the evaporator in condenser；The evaporator of second group of heat pump cold end, the master of connection Guan Shang is respectively communicated with the evaporation of connection cold end after heater, tee one-way valve, compressor, the big chamber in the heat pump hot junction, pressure controller Device；Two groups of heat pumps share a CO₂Accumulator tank, the compressor on two pieces pipe, tee one-way valve and two groups of heat on the accumulator tank The supervisor of pump is respectively communicated with；One group of shape be it is preceding it is high after it is low, top is semicircular heat transfer flue, and one is arranged in the semicircle The high-end metal tube head of several endothermic tubes, every endothermic tube is organized, is all glass below by one section metal tube of metallic pipe coupling connection Pipe, the pipe fitting of two pipes are with retractable etch-proof material；The low side of metal tube and the both ends of glass tube are all to hang to exist admittedly In the hole of arc panel, the arc panel be bolt, nut, washer with plastics, be fixed in the semicircle of heat transfer flue, several heat absorptions Pipe is hung in the hole for being fixed in arc panel, which connects with the tube head of heat transfer flue both ends babinet；High-end babinet is metal material, The tubaeform tube head of semi-circular upper portions connects the suction tube of first group of heat pump, which is installed on high-end overhanging beam；Low side Babinet is etch-proof material, and the medial surface of the babinet is one group of tube head connected with glass tube；The tube head that lateral surface stretches out connects Reduction of fractions to a common denominator flow tube, the isocon are communicated with supervisor；The babinet is installed on the overhanging beam of low side；In two pipelines, one is into pot The condensate pipe of stove, it is from the steam exhaust of the steam drain of steam turbine discharge, water is condensed into condenser to the pipeline of boiler, i.e., After going out gas trap, temperature controller is ganged up, condensate pump, the heat exchanger of second group of big intracavitary of heat pump, oxygen-eliminating device, steam-operating water pump, first Heat exchanger, isocon in group heat pump hot junction, into boiler；Another pipeline is fume pipe, it is boiler smoke, through deduster, Booster fan, heat transfer flue, the absorption tower of desulphurization system, air-introduced machine, soda flow divider, decarbonizing tower, the CO of abjection₂Into CO₂Savings Tank；If low-temperature receiver is enclosed cooling circulating water, it and low-temperature receiver are CO₂Be a difference in that an enclosed cooling more and followed Heat exchanger in the big chamber of ring water pipe and first group of heat pump and the evaporator of the big intracavitary, i.e. original gas trap is constant；Cooling water pipe After connecting the heat exchanger, then connect pressure controller, moisturizing tee one-way valve, water pump, the big chamber of first group of heat pump cold end, second group of heat After the big chamber for pumping cold end, the heat exchanger in gas trap is connected；Wherein moisturizing tee one-way valve connection moisturizing water pump and water tank；And First group of heat pump and the evaporator of second group of heat pump cold end are all the heats for absorbing cooling circulating water, remaining content is with low-temperature receiver CO₂It is identical.

It is low-temperature receiver CO to illustrate Fig. 1₂Service chart, Fig. 2 is heat transfer flue figure, and Fig. 3 is the I-I sectional views of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is the II-II sectional views of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is the III-III sectional views of Fig. 2, and Fig. 6 is the A enlarged drawings of Fig. 2, and Fig. 7 is low-temperature receiver with cold But the service chart of recirculated water.

The low-temperature receiver of Fig. 1 is CO₂, steam turbine (1), condenser (2), the evaporator (3) of first group of heat pump cold end connect the pipeline come It is the supervisor (11) of first group of heat pump, control valve (47), heater (35), suction tube (31), threeway is connected on the supervisor (11) Check valve (30), temperature controller (29), steam-operating compressor (27), the big chamber in the heat pump hot junction, pressure controller (13), second group of heat pump are cold The big chamber at end, the isocon (38) of heat transfer flue (37), into the evaporator (3) in condenser (2)；Wherein heater (35) is empty Line, the pipeline (18) of the heater (35) connection oxygen-eliminating device (20)) with the hot well pipeline (5) for connecting condenser (2) all it is dotted line； The supervisor (10) of second group of heat pump out, is respectively communicated with heater (8), tee one-way valve by the heat pump cold end evaporator (4) (14), the big chamber in compressor (16) the heat pump hot junction, pressure controller (12), the evaporator (4) for connecting back cold end；Wherein heater (8) all it is dotted line with the communicating pipe of the hot well of condenser (2) (6)；And the connection of the vacuum pump of condenser (2) and heater (8) It manages, is not drawn on figure；Two groups of heat pumps share a CO₂Accumulator tank (24), two pipes (23) connected from the accumulator tank (24), (25), two compressors (17), (28), tee one-way valve (14), (30), supervisor (10), (11) are respectively respectively communicated with；One group of heat exchange cigarette Isocon (38) the connection control valve (42) in road (37) connects afterwards with the supervisor of first group of heat pump (11)；Go out CO₂(34) are managed with taking out Suction pipe (31) connects；One condensate pipe (9) is come out from condenser (2), connection temperature controller (7), water pump (15), second group of heat Heat exchanger (19), oxygen-eliminating device (20), steam-operating water pump (21), heat exchanger (22), the isocon (26) of first group of heat pump of pump are laggard Enter boiler；One flue (39) is by boiler (32) connection deduster (33), booster fan (36), heat transfer flue (37) desulfurization The absorption tower (40) of system, air-introduced machine (41), moisture trap (43), decarbonizing tower (44), compressor (45), CO₂Accumulator tank (46)；Fig. 2 be it is preceding it is high after it is low, top is the longitudinal section view of semicircular heat transfer flue (1), and Fig. 3 is the I-I sectional views of Fig. 2, should The sequence number 1-7 of two figures is identical with title；I.e. high-end metal cabinet (3) top is that semicircle is placed on overhanging beam (2)； Pieces metal tube head (4) is equably welded on the semi arch on babinet (3) top, with metallic pipe coupling (23 and metal tube (8)) connect, the other end of the metal tube (8) is placed in the hole of arc panel (10)；Tubaeform tube head (5), is welded in babinet (3) Centre on tip-cambered, Guan (6) are connected with tube head (5), which is exactly to scheme to go out CO in (1)₂It manages (34)；The pipe (34) is even Logical suction tube (31)；Under cover board (7), thermal insulation material should be clogged；Anticorrosion babinet (14) top of low side is also semicircle, is placed In on the overhanging beam (15) of low side；The etch-proof tube head of pieces (13) is evenly distributed under the semicircle on the inside of the babinet (14)； Refer to Fig. 2 III-III sectional views 5, in the Fig. 5, semicircular heat transfer flue (1), tube head (2), babinet (3), overhanging beam (4), Cover board (5)；Corrosion-resistant pipe fitting (12) is connected with glass tube (21), and the other end of the glass tube (21) is placed in arc panel (10) in hole；The internal diameter in the hole is greater than the outer diameter of all pipes (8,21), refers to the sectional view 4 of the II-II of Fig. 2, detail drawing 4 In, door (1), heat transfer flue (2), glass tube (3) arc panel (4)；The pipe (16) that the outside of the low side babinet (14) is stretched out and figure Isocon (38) connection in 1；Pieces arc panel (10) is fixed on heat transfer flue (1) with plastic bolt, nut, washer (9) In interior semicircle cambered surface；Refer to the A enlarged drawings 6 of Fig. 2, in the Fig. 6, heat transfer flue (1), arc panel (2), washer (3), nut (4), bolt (5), glass tube (6)；In pipe in all arc panel (10) holes, every pipe (8), (21) and two casees of height The center line requirement of body (3), the tube head (4) of (14), (13) is substantially straight line；The outer diameter of all tube heads and all pipes Outer diameter is the same；The length of metal tube (8), the point by the dew point of flue gas, how many root glass tube is every managed, depending on changing for pipe Hot area；The inlet tube (24) of flue gas, the outlet (18) of flue gas, gray water outlet line (19), cover board (20)；The low-temperature receiver of Fig. 7 is The low-temperature receiver of cooling circulating water, the Fig. 7 and Fig. 1 are CO₂Be a difference in that the more enclosed cooling cycle water pipes of Fig. 7 (54)；Former heat exchanger (3) in gas trap (2) is motionless, the evaporator (48) of first group of heat pump cold end, is not direct absorption condensing The heat of device (2) interior steam exhaust, and it is changed to the heat of absorption cycle water；That is circulating water pipe (54) and the heat exchanger in condenser (2) (3) after connecting, pressure controller (53) is connected, moisturizing tee one-way valve (50), water pump (49), the big chamber of first group of heat pump cold end, the After the big chamber of two groups of heat pump cold ends, the heat exchanger (3) in condenser (2) is connected；Wherein on the pipe of threeway replenishment check valve (50) It is substantially identical with Fig. 1 to connect moisturizing water pump (51), water tank (52), remaining structure.

If specific implementation method low-temperature receiver is CO₂, then run by the device of Fig. 1；In the evaporator (3) of i.e. first group heat pump CO₂Evaporation absorbs the heat of condenser (2) interior steam exhaust, in heat pump supervisor (11), flows through control valve (47), heater (35) in, CO₂After the heat for absorbing the vapour gas that oxygen-eliminating device (20) is sent into again, by suction tube (31), in heat transfer flue (37) Interior heated CO₂, aspirated from pipe (34) is interior into supervisor, make the CO in supervisor (11)₂After heating up again, it is unidirectional to flow through threeway Valve (30), it is interior into temperature controller (29)；If CO₂T≤35 DEG C when, into the CO of control valve (47)₂Flow reduce, if t >=40 DEG C, CO through control valve (47)₂Flow increase；Compression, makes the CO in supervisor (11) in into steam-operating compressor (27)₂Be warming up to than into The saturated water temperature of boiler (32) is 5 ° -7 DEG C high；Into the high temperature CO of the big intracavitary in heat pump hot junction₂, the big intracavitary is given heat exchange Heat exchanger (22) in condensation water, the condensation water is made to be saturated water into boiler (32)；Lose the CO of heat₂In supervisor (11) It is interior through pressure controller (13), into the big intracavitary of second group of heat pump cold end, remaining heat is by the evaporator (4) of the big intracavitary CO₂It absorbs, is restored to the CO of original low temperature₂, when flowing through isocon (38) of heat transfer flue (37) in supervisor (11), part CO₂ It is diverted into (38), most of CO₂Evaporation in the evaporator (3) inner into condenser (2), and start to absorb weary in condenser (2) The heat of gas；Its partial CO₂The control valve (42) controlled in inlet pipe (38), by temperature controller (7) is shunted, is to control out condensing The temperature of the condensation water of the hot well of device (2), during temperature t≤3 DEG C of the temperature controller (7) on condensate pipe (9) in control valve (42) Increased flow capacity, during t >=7 DEG C, the flow into control valve (42) is reduced automatically；Heat transfer flue (37), is exactly Fig. 2, isocon (38) it is exactly CO in Fig. 2₂Inlet tube (16)；Low temperature CO₂By inlet tube (16) into heat transfer flue low side babinet (14), this is low Warm CO₂It is absorbed in several endothermic tubes (8), (21) in flue after the heat of flue gas, in the high-end babinet of flue (3), then from Horn mouth (5) goes out heat transfer flue (37) through pipe (6)；The pipe (6) is exactly the pipe (34) in Fig. 1；CO in second group of heat pump₂, Evaporation, absorbs the big intracavitary CO of the heat pump cold end in evaporator (4)₂Heat, in second group of heat pump supervisor (10), flow through plus Hot device (8) absorbs the vacuum pumping of condenser (2) into the heat of heater (8), tee one-way valve (14) is flowed through, into compressor (16), the CO in supervisor (10) is compressed by the compressor (16)₂To the big intracavitary in the heat pump hot junction, CO₂Heat exchange to condensation After water, the CO of original low temperature is restored to₂, interior, the CO into pressure controller (12) to evaporator (4)₂Evaporation absorbs the heat of the big intracavitary again Amount；Air emptying wherein in the heater (8), the hydrophobic hot well into condenser (2)；Pressure controller (13) on two groups of heat pumps, (12) compressor (28), (17) are controlled respectively, if one group of CO in the supervisor (11) of two heat pumps, (10)₂Pressure declines, the group pair The compressor (28) answered or (17) start, the CO in accumulator tank (24)₂Through pipe (25) or (23), tee one-way valve (30) or (14), the CO in supplement supervisor (11) or (10)₂；One condensate pipe (9) is the lack of gas of the exhaust outlet discharge of steam turbine (1), In condenser (2), water is condensed into after being absorbed heat by evaporator (3)；Temperature controller (7) is flowed through in condensate pipe (9), uses water pump (15), which is sent into the heat exchanger (19) of second group of big intracavitary in heat pump hot junction, after the heat for absorbing the big chamber, into deoxygenation Device (20) by steam-operating high-pressure hydraulic pump (21), makes the high pressure condensation water for meeting boiler interior into heat exchanger (22), absorbs first group of heat pump The heat of the big intracavitary in hot junction, it is the saturated water into the high pressure-temperature of boiler to make condensation water；Through isocon (26), some is diverted into Oxygen-eliminating device (20)；The vapour gas in low pressure saturated water in the oxygen-eliminating device (20), by pipe (18) into heater (35), heat exchange To the CO in supervisor (11)₂, air emptying, it is hydrophobic through pipe (5) into the hot well of condenser (2)；One flue (39), from pot Stove (32) is through deduster (33), booster fan (36), the CO of several endothermic tubes inner in heat transfer flue (37)₂Absorb the heat of flue gas Amount, makes low-temperature flue gas go out heat transfer flue (37), into the absorption tower (40) of desulphurization system, air-introduced machine (41), air water in pipe (39) Current divider (43), the CO deviate from decarbonizing tower (44)₂, into compressor (45), compress into CO₂It is spare in accumulator tank (46)；First It is the CO needed for the working medium of two groups of heat pumps of this patent and heat transfer flue₂And the deposit of industrial chemicals, forest extinguishing, drought resisting With the rainfall of hot weather etc.；If low-temperature receiver is cooling circulating water, carried out by the device of Fig. 7, i.e., low-temperature cooling water is in condenser (2) heat of steam exhaust is absorbed in, into the supervisor (54) of recirculated water, pressure controller (53), tee one-way valve (50) are flowed through, by water It pumps (49) and pressurizes and enter the big chamber of first group of heat pump cold end, the CO in evaporator (48) in the big chamber₂It is big to absorb this for evaporation The heat of the recirculated water of intracavitary, into the big chamber of second group of heat pump cold end, the CO in the evaporator (4) of the intracavitary₂Evaporation absorbs Cooling water remaining heat；Cooling water is restored to original temperature, and interior into the inner heat exchanger (3) of condenser (2), absorbs weary The heat of vapour；When wherein the pressure of recirculated water declines, pressure controller (53) makes water pump (51) start the water in water tank (52), through threeway Check valve (50), it is interior into circulating cooling water pipe (54)；After the evaporator (48) of first group of heat pump absorbs heat, into the master of the heat pump It manages in (11), the CO in pipe₂Flow through control valve (47), heater (35), suction tube (31), the CO of heat transfer flue (37)₂Outlet (34), tee one-way valve (30), temperature controller (29), steam-operating compressor (27) compression are managed, makes supervisor (11) interior CO₂Temperature, it is high In 5 ° -7 DEG C of the temperature of saturated water in boiler；CO in second group of heat pump cold end evaporator (4)₂Evaporation, absorbs and is followed in the big chamber After the heat of ring water, the recirculated water is made to be restored to originally into the temperature of heat exchanger (3)；Remaining device and operating condition and Fig. 1 Low-temperature receiver be CO₂It is just the same.

Claims

1. a kind of coal consumption of power supply for making thermal power plant is down to below 200g/kw.h, and the system engineering of emission reduction, feature exist In low-temperature receiver be CO₂, there is two groups of heat pumps, (37) condensate pipes (9) of one group of heat transfer flue, a fume pipe (39) and attachment group Into；It cuts off and throws away the Congjiang, river etc. and air-cooled pipeline, without chimney emission, without the system for backheat heating of feeding water.Condensing Heat exchanger (3) in device (2) can replace the evaporator (3) of first group of heat pump cold end, it is also possible to the steaming of first group of heat pump cold end Device is sent out to replace.Low-temperature receiver may also be enclosed cooling circulating water.

2. low-temperature receiver according to claim 1 is enclosed cooling circulating water, it is characterised in that the cooling circulating water, by one The enclosed cooling cycle water pipe (54) of group, two groups of heat pumps, one group of heat transfer flue (37), a condensate pipe (9), a flue gas Manage (39) and attachment composition.

3. low-temperature receiver according to claim 1 is CO₂, it is characterised in that evaporator (3) and the heat in first group of heat pump cold end After pump supervisor (11) connection, control valve (47) heater (35), suction tube (31), tee one-way valve are communicated on the supervisor (11) (30), temperature controller (29), steam-operating compressor (27), the big chamber in first group of heat pump hot junction, pressure controller (13), second group of heat pump cold end Big chamber, the isocon (38) through heat transfer flue (37), the evaporator (3) into condenser (2)；Wherein temperature controller (29) control control Valve (47) processed.

4. the low-temperature receiver according to claim 1,3 is CO₂, it is characterised in that the evaporator (4) in second group of heat pump cold end, even Lead to the heat pump supervisor (10), the supervisor (10) but connection tee one-way valve (14), compressor (16), the heat pump hot junction it is big Chamber, pressure controller (12), evaporator (4)；Wherein pressure controller (12), (13) control compressor (17), (28) respectively.

5. the low-temperature receiver according to claim 1,2 is cooling circulating water, it is characterised in that original heat exchange out of condenser (2) Device (3) connects the supervisor (54) of the recirculated water, the supervisor (54) and connection pressure controller (53), tee one-way valve (50), water pump Big chamber, the evaporator (3) of the big chamber of (49) first groups of heat pump cold ends, second group of heat pump cold end；Wherein pressure controller (53) control water It pumps (51).

6. the low-temperature receiver according to claim 1,2 is enclosed cooling circulating water, it is characterised in that first group of heat pump cold end Evaporator (48), connect the supervisor (11) of the heat pump, the supervisor (11) and connection control valve (47), heater (35), suction Manage (31), tee one-way valve (30), temperature controller (29), big chamber, the pressure controller in (27) first groups of heat pump hot junctions of steam-operating compressor (13), evaporator (48).

7. the low-temperature receiver according to claim 1,2 is enclosed cooling circulating water, it is characterised in that second group of heat pump cold end Evaporator (4) connect the supervisor (10) of the heat pump, the supervisor (10), connection heater (8), tee one-way valve (14), compression Big chamber, pressure controller (12), the evaporator (4) of machine (16), second group of heat pump cold end.And pressure controller (13) control compressor (28), And pressure controller (12) control compressor (16), pressure controller (53) control water pump (51).

8. one group of heat transfer flue (37) according to claim 1,2 is exactly to scheme (2), it is characterised in that before the heat transfer flue is Low after height, top is semicircle；It is connection pieces metal tube (8) on the inside of the babinet (3) being put on high-end overhanging beam (2) Tube head (4)；Remaining one several sections of glass tube (21), the tube head (13) of connection low side babinet (14)；The lower end of metal tube (8), with All hang solid in the hole of arc panel (10) in the both ends of several sections of glass tubes.Arc panel (10) plastic bolt, nut, the washer (9) It is fixed in the semicircular arc face on heat transfer flue (37) top.Between pipe (8), (21), connected with retractable pipe fitting (11)； The pipe fitting (11), arc panel (10), low side babinet (14), the tube head (13) of the babinet, entirely with etch-proof material.Suction tube (31) be responsible for (11) a part, but the internal diameter of suction tube (31) than be responsible for (11) it is interior through small.

9. the condensate pipe (9) according to claim 1,2, it is characterised in that the condensate pipe (9) connection condenser (2) Hot well, temperature controller (7), water pump (15), heat exchanger (19), oxygen-eliminating device (20), the steam-operating water pump of second group of big intracavitary in heat pump hot junction (21), the heat exchanger (22) of first group of big intracavitary in heat pump hot junction, isocon (26), into boiler.Wherein temperature controller (7) control control Valve (42).

10. it is characterized in that the fume pipe (39) connects dedusting from boiler (32) according to the fume pipe (39) described in claim 1,2 Device (33), booster fan (36), heat transfer flue (37), absorption tower (40) air-introduced machine (41), the moisture trap of desufurization system (43), decarbonizing tower (44), compressor (45), CO₂Accumulator tank (46).