CN108097938A - A kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring - Google Patents
A kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108097938A CN108097938A CN201810019999.2A CN201810019999A CN108097938A CN 108097938 A CN108097938 A CN 108097938A CN 201810019999 A CN201810019999 A CN 201810019999A CN 108097938 A CN108097938 A CN 108097938A
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- molten iron
- pouring
- liquid metal
- sand mold
- iron bag
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring, the liquid metal pouring technology that the increase molten iron flow rates reduce the duration of pouring includes：Inject liquid metal into pouring molten iron bag, pouring molten iron bag and sand mold coincide closing connection, open valve below pouring molten iron bag, by liquid metal through running channel suppress cavity, close pouring molten iron bag valve, close running channel valve, casting is molded.By the design of the present invention sand mold being cascaded can be allowed to improve the flow velocity of liquid metal during being poured into a mould, shorten the duration of pouring.It is effective to solve since running channel increases, casting increases the influence caused by casting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid metal placingJi Shu fields, and in particular to a kind of molten iron flow rates that increase reduce the duration of pouring
Liquid metal pouring technology.
Background technology
Steel, iron and most non-ferrous alloy casting can be obtained with the method for sand casting in daily production
.In existing technology, casting is all cast by sand mold.In order to promote the quantity of once-cast casting formation, adopt
It is poured into a mould with the mode of series connection.The number of cast can be reduced by series system cast, once-cast casting is promoted and is formed
Quantity, improve efficiency, improve molten iron utilize, reduce casting cost, reduce cost of labor.
In existing technology, when being poured into a mould by way of sand mold series connection, since sand mold is more, running channel is long, liquid metal
Cavity cannot be entered before the deadline., it is necessary to increase liquid metal flow velocity when therefore being poured into a mould by series system, contract
The short duration of pouring.Otherwise during cast, the temperature of liquid metal can be caused to reduce because of the time length of cast, flow velocity
Slow down, liquid metal cannot in time, smoothly into cavity, so as to cause casting that cannot be molded or casting wasted product
Since series connection sand mold cavity is more, running channel is longer, there is the problem of molten iron dosage is big, and the duration of pouring is long, for
The phenomenon that above-mentioned occurred, spy's research have been invented this with the matching used pouring technology of sand mold of connecting, and can effectively solve to cast
Part problem in sand mold manufacturing process of connecting.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of liquid metal pouring technologies for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring, use
Problem during solving existing sand mold series pouring.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that providing a kind of liquid for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring
State casting of metals technique.The liquid metal pouring technology that the increase molten iron flow rates reduce the duration of pouring includes：To cast iron
Inject liquid metal in water bag, pouring molten iron bag and sand mold coincide closing connection, opening pouring molten iron bag valve, by liquid metal
Cavity is suppressed through running channel, closes pouring molten iron bag valve, closing running channel valve, casting shaping.
Step 1：Liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag；Liquid metal is injected into the pouring molten iron bag higher than sand mold
In, pouring molten iron bag passes through the connection of coincide with running channel closing connection realization sand mold and pouring molten iron bag；Pouring molten iron bag is set
The height higher than sand mold is put, holding has certain altitude poor between the two, and casting liquid metal during cast is made to have foot
Enough pressure accelerates the flow velocity of liquid metal to realize.
Step 2：Pouring molten iron bag coincide with sand mold closes connection；Pouring molten iron bag height is reduced, is made under pouring molten iron bag
The running channel attachment device above attachment device and sand mold below portion's valve, which coincide to close to connect, forms pouring molten iron bag and running channel
With being connected for cavity.
Step 3：Open pouring molten iron bag valve；After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, in pouring molten iron bag
Liquid metal suppressed through running channel in the cavity in sand mold, complete the manufacturing process of casting.Opening pouring molten iron bag valve is
Liquid metal is injected into what is carried out after pouring molten iron bag in casting process is carried out.
Step 4：Liquid metal is suppressed into cavity；After pouring molten iron bag valve is opened, pouring molten iron bag lower part valve
The closing connection that coincide of running channel in following attachment device and sand mold forms being connected for pouring molten iron bag and running channel and cavity.
Liquid metal is suppressed by running channel in the cavity in sand mold.Reserve whether water outlet has by the observation for being arranged on cavity top
Liquid metal judges whether cast stops.Due to series connection sand mold series connection connection mode have vertical moulding sand mold series system and
The sand mold series system of horizontal moulding, the mode that liquid metal is injected into cavity simultaneously differ.
The sand mold series pouring mode of vertical moulding：It is closing company that pouring molten iron bag valve lower part water outlet directly coincide
It is connected on the running channel outside the sand mold of vertical moulding.Pouring molten iron bag pipe valve lower part water outlet connects with the directly identical closing of running channel
It connects；In each sand mold that liquid metal is directly suppressed to vertical moulding through running channel, the manufacturing process of casting is completed.Vertical moulding
Sand mold series pouring mode be divided into two kinds of sand mold top injection mode and sand mold lower part injection mode.Sand mold top injection mode
It is divided into as two kinds of different injection forms.
The sand mold series pouring mode of horizontal moulding：The pipe valve water outlet of pouring molten iron bag lower part is poured with the vertical of sand mold top
Road attachment device, which is directly coincide, closes connection, is then poured into a mould simultaneously to the series connection sand mold of the horizontal moulding in both sides, completes the system of casting
Make process.
Horizontal moulding longitudinal stack combined serial pouring type：By the pipe valve water outlet below pouring molten iron bag with being superimposed group
The directly identical closing connection of vertical running channel attachment device of sand mold bypass is closed, the vertical running channel attachment device of sand mold bypass is with combining sand mold
Lower part is indulged running channel and is directly docked, and sets vertical running channel under the cavity of combination sand mold bottom, and with the vertical running channel below pouring molten iron bag
The manufacturing process of casting is completed in docking.
Heavy castings multichannel while pouring type：According to the liquid metal usage amount of casting, below pouring molten iron bag
Pipe valve water outlet, which directly coincide to close, to be connected on the running channel extension running channel outside sand mold, same using multiple pouring molten iron bag multichannels
When uninterruptedly pour into a mould；Other ladle continual successively can supply liquid to each pouring molten iron bag during cast
Metal.
Step 5：Close pouring molten iron bag valve；When sand mold, which reserves water outlet, is observed that liquid metal, it was demonstrated that
Liquid metal fills in cavity in sand mold, it is therefore desirable to close pouring molten iron bag valve, liquid metal is suppressed in stopping.
Step 6：, it is necessary to be closed to the valve being arranged on running channel after pouring molten iron bag valve is closed, sand is prevented
Liquid metal backflow in type.
Step 7：Casting is molded；Casting shaping is after liquid metal cast, is incited somebody to action by the gap of gas vent and sand mold
The direct Quick uniform discharge of the gas of running channel and cavity；And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete casting
Manufacturing process.The process of exhaust since when liquid metal is poured into a mould, by the gap of gas vent and sand mold come into
Row exhaust.After exhaust process, liquid metal gradually condenses, and is finally completed the manufacturing process of casting.
The invention has the advantages that：By present invention is designed such that series connection sand mold during cast, Neng Goujia
The flow velocity of fast liquid metal, shortens the duration of pouring.It efficiently avoids since cavity is more, influence of the running channel length to casting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram for increasing the liquid metal pouring technology that flow velocity reduces the duration of pouring.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
A kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring.The increase molten iron flow rates are reduced
The liquid metal pouring technology of the duration of pouring includes：Liquid metal, pouring molten iron bag and sand mold is injected into pouring molten iron bag to kiss
Closing connection is closed, pouring molten iron bag valve is opened, liquid metal is suppressed into each cavity through running channel simultaneously, closes pouring molten iron
Bag valve, closing running channel valve, the rise of pouring molten iron bag is separated with sand mold, casting is molded.
S1：Liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag；Liquid metal is injected into has pouring for certain altitude difference with sand mold
It notes in ladle, pouring molten iron bag realizes the connection of sand mold and pouring molten iron bag by being connected with running channel and sand mold.Wherein pour into a mould
The setting of ladle ensures have certain altitude poor between the two, makes the liquid metal in pouring molten iron bag higher than the height of sand mold
Certain pressure is formed during pouring to increase the flow velocity of liquid metal.
S2：Pouring molten iron bag coincide with sand mold closes connection；It is to reduce pouring molten iron bag height to cause under pouring molten iron bag
The running channel above attachment device and sand mold below portion's valve coincide after closing connects to be connected with cavity.
S3：Open pouring molten iron bag valve；After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, the liquid in pouring molten iron bag
Metal is suppressed through running channel in each cavity in sand mold, completes the casting process of casting.Open pouring molten iron bag valve be
Have what is carried out after a certain number of liquid metals in pouring molten iron bag.
S4：Liquid metal is suppressed in cavity；After pouring molten iron bag valve is opened, liquid metal is suppressed by running channel
Into cavity.By the observation for being reserved in cavity top reserve water outlet whether have liquid metal judge cast whether stop.
Since the connection mode of series connection sand mold series connection has the sand mold series system of vertical moulding and the sand mold series system of horizontal moulding,
Mode that liquid metal is injected into cavity simultaneously differs.
S5：Close pouring molten iron bag valve；When sand mold, which reserves water outlet, is observed that liquid metal, in sand mold
Liquid metal molten iron is i.e. full of cavity, it is therefore desirable to close pouring molten iron bag valve, stop to continuing to suppress liquid gold in sand mold
Belong to.
S6：Close running channel valve；, it is necessary to be closed to the valve being arranged on running channel after pouring molten iron bag valve is closed
It closes, prevents the reflux of liquid metal in sand mold.
S7：Casting is molded；Casting shaping is when being that liquid metal enters cavity, by the gap of gas vent and sand mold by gas
Body is discharged；And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete the manufacturing process of casting.The process of exhaust is golden from liquid
When category starts cast, it is exhausted by the gap of gas vent and sand mold.During exhaust, liquid metal
Gradually condensation is finally completed the manufacturing process of casting.
Embodiment 1
In actual technique, when the sand mold of vertical moulding is poured into a mould in series, first to pouring molten iron bag
Liquid metal is injected into the pouring molten iron bag for having certain altitude with sand mold by middle injection liquid metal, and pouring molten iron bag passes through
With the connection for being connected in series realization sand mold and pouring molten iron bag of running channel and sand mold.The setting of pouring molten iron bag is higher than the height of sand mold
Degree, guarantee have certain altitude poor, certain pressure are formed when liquid metal being made to be poured into a mould by pouring molten iron bag between the two
To accelerate flow velocity.After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, liquid metal to be suppressed by running channel by pouring molten iron bag
In cavity into sand mold.It is connected by pouring molten iron bag with the sand mold in the bosom of the sand mold series connection of vertical moulding.By pouring
Note ladle is directly suppressed liquid metal in each sand mold of vertical moulding, completes the casting process of casting.When sand mold is pre-
When staying the water outlet to be observed that liquid metal, the liquid metal in sand mold is filled with cavity, needs to close at this time and pour into a mould
Ladle valve stops to continuing to suppress liquid metal in sand mold.
After pouring molten iron bag valve is closed, the valve being arranged on vertical running channel is closed, prevents liquid metal
Reflux.Then pouring molten iron bag is risen and is separated with sand mold.When liquid metal is poured into a mould, pass through the gap of gas vent and sand mold
Gas uniformly, is quickly discharged；And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete the manufacturing process of casting.
Embodiment 2
In actual technique, when the sand mold of vertical moulding is poured into a mould in series, first to pouring molten iron bag
Liquid metal is injected into the pouring molten iron bag for having certain altitude with sand mold by middle injection liquid metal, and pouring molten iron bag passes through
With the connection for being connected in series realization sand mold and pouring molten iron bag of running channel and sand mold.The setting of pouring molten iron bag is higher than the height of sand mold
Degree, guarantee have certain altitude poor, certain pressure are formed when liquid metal being made to be poured into a mould by pouring molten iron bag between the two
To accelerate flow velocity.It, be by the way that the liquid metal in pouring molten iron bag is suppressed sand after liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag
In type, liquid metal is suppressed by running channel in cavity.Sprue is lengthened on the sand mold top water riser of vertical moulding, is directly poured
Road top sets water riser, and the sprue lower part of lengthening and the water riser of sand mold, which coincide, closes connection.Liquid metal through water riser,
The casting process of casting is completed, closes ladle valve into cavity simultaneously after sprue, cross gate, vertical running channel.In liquid gold
When belonging to cast, gas uniformly, is quickly discharged by the gap of gas vent and sand mold；And according to the actual shrinkage porosite feelings of casting
Condition carries out feeding, completes the manufacturing process of casting.Under this injection mode, common ladle can be used by going out above ladle
Water-gap pouring, sand mold top injection mode do not set running channel valve.
Embodiment 3
In actual technique, when the sand mold of vertical moulding is poured into a mould in series, first to pouring molten iron bag
Liquid metal is injected into the pouring molten iron bag for having certain altitude with sand mold by middle injection liquid metal, and pouring molten iron bag passes through
With the connection for being connected in series realization sand mold and pouring molten iron bag of running channel and sand mold.The setting of pouring molten iron bag is higher than the height of sand mold
Degree, guarantee have certain altitude poor, certain pressure are formed when liquid metal being made to be poured into a mould by pouring molten iron bag between the two
To accelerate flow velocity.After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, then pouring molten iron bag valve lower part water outlet is directly coincide
It is connected on the vertical running channel of the sand mold lower part of vertical moulding.The vertical running channel of pouring molten iron bag lower part attachment device of coincideing individually is made
Make.Liquid metal is directly suppressed through vertical running channel in each sand mold of vertical moulding, completes the casting process of casting.Work as sand mold
When reserved water outlet is observed that liquid metal, the liquid metal in sand mold is filled with cavity, needs to close at this time and pour
Ladle valve is noted, stops to continuing to suppress liquid metal in sand mold, completing the casting process of casting.Close ladle valve
Afterwards, the valve being arranged on vertical running channel is closed, prevents the reflux of liquid metal.Then pouring molten iron bag is risen and sand
Type separates.When liquid metal is poured into a mould, gas uniformly, is quickly discharged by the gap of gas vent and sand mold；And according to
The actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting carries out feeding, completes the manufacturing process of casting.
Embodiment 4
In actual technique, when being poured into a mould under the sand mold series system of horizontal moulding, liquid metal is injected first
Have to sand mold in the pouring molten iron bag of certain altitude, pouring molten iron bag by with vertical running channel coincide closing connection realize cavity with
The connection of pouring molten iron bag.The setting of pouring molten iron bag ensures there is certain difference in height between the two, makes higher than the height of sand mold
Liquid metal has certain pressure to accelerate the stream of liquid metal during being poured into a mould after being injected into pouring molten iron bag
Dynamic speed.After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, liquid metal is suppressed by vertical running channel by pouring molten iron bag
In cavity in sand mold.Under the sand mold series system of horizontal moulding, pouring molten iron bag is by vertical running channel attachment device in its left and right
Both sides connect the series connection sand mold of horizontal moulding；Enter after liquid metal is suppressed vertical running channel attachment device by pouring molten iron bag
Into the vertical running channel of both sides horizontal series sand mold, the manufacturing process of casting is completed.Water outlet is reserved when sand mold to be observed that
During liquid metal, the liquid metal molten iron in sand mold is needed to close pouring molten iron bag valve at this time, stopped to sand i.e. full of cavity
Continue to suppress liquid metal in type.Then pouring molten iron bag is risen and is separated with sand mold.Liquid metal passes through exhaust in cast
Gas is discharged in hole and the gap of sand mold；And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete the manufacture of casting
Journey.
Embodiment 5
In actual technique, when being poured into a mould under horizontal moulding longitudinal stack combination sand mold series pouring mode, first
Inject liquid metal into the pouring molten iron bag for having certain altitude with sand mold, the attachment device below the pipe valve of pouring molten iron bag lower part
It directly coincide with the vertical running channel attachment device of stack combinations sand mold bypass and closes connection, the vertical running channel attachment device list of sand mold bypass
Solely make and valve be set, vertical running channel is set under the cavity of combination sand mold bottom, and with the vertical running channel pair below pouring molten iron bag
It connects, realizes the connection of sand mold and pouring molten iron bag.The setting of pouring molten iron bag ensures there is one between the two higher than the height of sand mold
Fixed difference in height makes liquid metal have certain pressure during being poured into a mould to accelerate the flowing velocity of liquid metal,
Liquid metal is suppressed by the vertical running channel of sand mold lower part in the cavity in sand mold, and reserving water outlet when the sand mold at top can be with
When observing liquid metal, liquid metal in sand mold full of cavity, needs to close pouring molten iron bag valve at this time, stop to
Continue to suppress liquid metal in sand mold., it is necessary to be carried out to the valve being arranged on vertical running channel after pouring molten iron bag valve is closed
It closes, prevents the reflux of liquid metal.Then pouring molten iron bag is risen and is separated with sand mold.Liquid metal passes through in cast
Gas is discharged in the gap of gas vent and sand mold；And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete the system of casting
Make process.
Embodiment 6
In actual technique, when being poured into a mould under heavy castings multichannel while pouring type, first to pouring molten iron bag
Middle injection liquid metal, the pipe valve water outlet below pouring molten iron bag directly coincide the extension running channel that closing is connected to outside sand mold
On, extension running channel sets valve, passes through the connection for being connected in series realization sand mold and pouring molten iron bag with running channel and sand mold.Cast
The setting of ladle ensures have certain altitude poor between the two, liquid metal is made to pass through pouring molten iron bag higher than the height of sand mold
Certain pressure is formed when being poured into a mould to accelerate flow velocity.After liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, to pass through pouring molten iron
Bag is suppressed liquid metal in the cavity in sand mold.According to the liquid metal usage amount of casting, using multiple pouring molten iron bags
Multichannel uninterrupted cast simultaneously；Other ladle continual successively can be supplied to each pouring molten iron bag during cast
Answer liquid metal.When sand mold, which reserves water outlet, is observed that liquid metal, the liquid metal molten iron in sand mold is full of
Cavity needs to close pouring molten iron bag valve at this time, stops to continuing to suppress liquid metal in sand mold.When closing ladle valve
Behind the door, it is necessary to be closed to the valve being arranged on running channel, prevent liquid metal by flowing back in sand mold.Then by pouring molten iron
Bag rises and is separated with sand mold.When liquid metal is poured into a mould, gas uniformly, is quickly arranged by the gap of gas vent and sand mold
Go out.And feeding is carried out according to the actual shrinkage porosite situation of casting, complete the manufacturing process of casting.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring, when the increase flow velocity reduces cast
Between liquid metal pouring technology include：Liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, pouring molten iron bag and sand mold coincide closing
Connection, open valve below pouring molten iron bag, by liquid metal through running channel suppress cavity, close pouring molten iron bag valve,
Close running channel valve, casting shaping.
2. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is, the pouring molten iron bag and sand mold coincide, and liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag is by liquid gold for closing connection
Category is injected into the pouring molten iron bag higher than sand mold, and pouring molten iron bag closes connection realization sand mold and cast by coincideing with running channel
The connection of ladle；The setting of pouring molten iron bag keeps having certain altitude poor between the two, casting is made to exist higher than the height of sand mold
Liquid metal realizes the flow velocity of quickening liquid metal with enough pressure during cast.
3. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is, the closing connection that coincide of the pouring molten iron bag and sand mold is to reduce pouring molten iron bag highly to make pouring molten iron bag lower part
The closing connection that coincide of the running channel in attachment device and sand mold below valve forms the mutual of pouring molten iron bag and running channel and cavity
Lead to and connect.
4. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the opening pouring molten iron bag lower part valve is after liquid metal is injected into pouring molten iron bag, is poured by opening
The valve of ladle is noted, pouring molten iron bag and sand mold is made to coincide after closing connection, liquid metal is suppressed through running channel in sand mold
Cavity in, complete the manufacturing process of casting.
5. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is, described that liquid metal is injected into cavity, is after opening pouring molten iron bag valve, liquid metal is beaten by running channel
It is pressed onto in sand mold in cavity；This technique is suitable for the sand mold series pouring mode of vertical moulding；The sand mold series connection of horizontal moulding is poured
Note mode；The sand mold series pouring mode of horizontal moulding longitudinal stack combination；Heavy castings multichannel while pouring type.
6. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the closing pouring molten iron bag valve is the sand mold when sand mold reserves water outlet and is observed that liquid metal
In liquid metal i.e. full of cavity, need to close pouring molten iron bag valve at this time, stop suppressing liquid metal into sand mold.
7. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is, the closing running channel valve, be after pouring molten iron bag valve is closed, it is necessary to the valve that is arranged on running channel into
Row is closed, and prevents pouring molten iron bag from rising the liquid metal backflow in sand mold later.
8. a kind of liquid metal pouring technology for increasing molten iron flow rates and reducing the duration of pouring according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the casting is molded, and refers to the manufacturing process of completion casting after completion liquid metal casting process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810019999.2A CN108097938B (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | Liquid metal pouring process for increasing molten iron flow speed and reducing pouring time |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810019999.2A CN108097938B (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | Liquid metal pouring process for increasing molten iron flow speed and reducing pouring time |
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| CN108097938A true CN108097938A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108097938B CN108097938B (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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| CN108097938B (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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