CN108097188B - The gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas - Google Patents
The gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108097188B CN108097188B CN201711428495.8A CN201711428495A CN108097188B CN 108097188 B CN108097188 B CN 108097188B CN 201711428495 A CN201711428495 A CN 201711428495A CN 108097188 B CN108097188 B CN 108097188B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
- C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0056—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for ovens or furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the gasification installations of a kind of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas, comprising: cracking combustion stove；Plasmatorch；Residual oil is sprayed into cracking combustion stove burning by residual oil pipe by hydraulic pump；Exhaust gas is sprayed into cracking combustion stove burning by flue gas leading by air pump；It is catalyzed stone toroidal container, is wrapped in cracking combustion stove periphery, top is provided with gas outlet, and the bottom of catalysis stone toroidal container is provided with annular porous plate；It is catalyzed stone, is placed in the interlayer that catalysis stone toroidal container and cracking combustion stove are formed；Gasify cavity, is located at the lower section of catalysis stone toroidal container and cracking combustion stove；High-temperature water vapor pipe, delivery outlet connection gasification cavity；Plasma high-temperature jet stream, residual oil and exhaust gas through cracking mouth are output to gasification cavity after burning in cracking combustion stove, mix with high-temperature water vapor, through annular porous plate, catalysis stone, export high-temperature fuel gas from gas outlet.The present invention have turn waste into wealth, exhaust gas waste oil simultaneously burn beneficial effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gasification installations of a kind of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas.
Background technique
As world energy sources crisis and problem of environmental pollution grow in intensity, fuel energy is faced with stern challenge, burning
The environmental problem of generation has become the major issue of social development, the lasting haze weathers that many areas, cities occur, haze
Main component is suspended in the toxic PM2.5 particle in air, and PM2.5 particle is mainly derived from the combustion of the fossil energies such as coal
It burns, and this environment being destroyed is endangering the mankind itself at present, in addition, oil refining industry can generate residual oil, such as where
Reason residual oil is also to put the new problem for having to solve in face of us, and people recognize with having regained consciousness, and are meeting mankind's object
While matter culture needs, it is necessary to environment for the survival of mankind is protected, to achieve the purpose that sustainable development.For this purpose, people
Various methods are attempted to improve efficiency of combustion and reduce its pollutant discharge amount, to reach the mesh saved the energy and protect environment
, but in the prior art, the technical solution not disclosed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to the above deficiency, provide the gasification installation of a kind of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas.Plasma
Body pyrolysis residue fuel and exhaust gas mixing high-temperature gasification production syngas combustion do not generate disposal of pollutants, and burning is cleaning sufficiently
The ideal chose of energy carrier, and a beneficial measure of substitution petroleum and natural gas energy shortages, meanwhile, plasma is split
Solution technology can will pollute the recycling waste of environment again, and energy-saving and emission-reduction reduce cost, improve operational reliability and equipment
Service life is to achieve many things at one stroke.It therefore, is the urgent need of socio-economic development using high-efficiency cleaning combustion technology.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas, characterized in that include:
Cracking combustion stove, bottom are provided with cracking mouth；
Plasmatorch, outlet are connected to cracking combustion stove top entry, and plasmatorch can be by plasma high-temperature jet stream
It is transported to cracking combustion stove；
Residual oil pipe, import are connected to residual oil bucket through hydraulic pump, and outlet is connected to the residual oil entrance at the top of cracking combustion stove,
The residual oil of heating can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove burning by hydraulic pump；
Flue gas leading, import are connected to exhaust gas source through air pump, and outlet is connected to the exhaust gas entrance at the top of cracking combustion stove, gas
Exhaust gas can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove burning by pump；
It is catalyzed stone toroidal container, is wrapped in cracking combustion stove periphery, top is provided with gas outlet, is catalyzed stone ring
Describe that the bottom of device is provided with annular porous plate；
It is catalyzed stone, is placed in the interlayer that catalysis stone toroidal container and cracking combustion stove are formed；
Gasify cavity, is located at the lower section of catalysis stone toroidal container and cracking combustion stove；
High-temperature water vapor pipe, input port are connected to high-temperature water vapor source, delivery outlet connection gasification cavity；
Plasma high-temperature jet stream, residual oil and exhaust gas through cracking mouth are output to gasification chamber after burning in cracking combustion stove
Body is mixed with high-temperature water vapor, through annular porous plate, catalysis stone, exports high-temperature fuel gas from gas outlet.
The present invention passes through the bioactive molecule of plasmatorch high temp jet pyrolysis residue and exhaust gas, plays intense reaction, is formed big
New combustion gas molecule is measured, plays the role of sulfur reduction and drops miscellaneous tar reduction.New combustion gas molecule is again through high temperature mineral matter catalytic pyrolysis, substantially
New combustion gas impurity is removed, clean artificial fuel gas is produced, it is flat to generate hydrogen, methane, the content of carbon monoxide and chemistry in gas
Weighing apparatus calculated result meets very good, it can be seen that chemical balance has played main function in high temperature generating process.
Residual fuel heating dilution is injected directly into mean temperature 1600 degree of high-temperature electric arc about Celsius with exhaust gas by the present invention
In plasma jet, fuel acutely cracks gasification, and whole process is completed in very short time from cracking to gasifying, reaction rate
It is exceedingly fast.Carbon out, hydrogen, oxygen hybrid ionic gas gasify in 1200 degree Celsius or so of reaction zone, is reacted with vapor, from
It is dynamic to generate a large amount of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane gas.This is that chemical reaction equilibrium process automatically determines.While gas is again
By the catalytic pyrolysis of secondary high-temperature minerals, the sulfur-containing impurities such as water vapour carbon dioxide are decomposed substantially, become clean
Artificial fuel gas.
It only include two stages from residual fuel to clean gas whole process is generated in combustion furnace, first is that residual oil fires
Material and exhaust gas enter the cracking gasification of high-temperature region, it can be assumed that be that plasma jet is cracked into residual fuel with hydrogen
It is a large amount of it was verified that this process is since extreme temperatures, time are extremely short for the free radical hydrogen ion of carrier and free electron etc.,
People are seldom to its understanding, work as when residual fuel with exhaust gas one and enter thousands of degree high-temperature areas, within the millisecond magnitude time
It is just cleaved gasification, rate of gasification 100% rapidly；Second is the process to form clean gas, can also regard as being carbon containing hydrogen-oxygen
Slag oil crack gas is under 1200 degree or so high temperature with the direct result of the chemical balance of vapor reaction.It is known that water
Contain a large amount of protiums in steam, conclusion is that the bioactive molecule of vapor and cracking gas plays fierceness anti-at a high temperature of more than 1,000 degree
It answers, forms a large amount of new combustion gas molecules, play the role of sulfur reduction and drop miscellaneous tar reduction.
In order to improve the utilization of thermal energy, further includes:
Heat exchanger, input port are connected to gas outlet, and delivery outlet exports combustion gas after cooling, the heat in heat exchanger
Exchange pipe can export hot water.Combustion gas can be used for industry and civilian combustion heating.
Further, further includes:
Heat exchange annular bucket is wrapped in outside catalysis stone toroidal container, is provided with heat exchange water in heat exchange annular bucket,
Heat exchange annular bucket can export high-temperature water.
Hot water and high-temperature water, which can be used for industry, can be used for civilian, can be also used for the water of high-temperature water vapor of the present invention
Source.
Preferably, the bottom of the cracking combustion stove is pyramidal structure, the bottom of taper is arranged in the cracking mouth.
Preferably, the catalysis stone is calcium magnesio dolomite.
In order to reduce the damage of heat, the bottom of the gasification cavity is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of pyramidal structure is placed with
Heat insulation.
Preferably, the heat insulation is crystalline graphite mineral grain.
In order to facilitate maintenance, maintenance, it is convenient for changing crystalline graphite mineral grain, the gasification cavity pyramidal structure bottom peace
Equipped with valve.
The present invention has the advantage that
(a) resource is saved, it is mix by residual fuel or with exhaust gas directly to produce clean gas.Into plasma furnace
Interior residual fuel, 100% is gasified, the carbon hydrogen element for gasifying out, and under normal circumstances, this digital pole is fired dependent on residual oil
Oxygen content and water vapour content in material, oxygen content is low, and the ratio of hydrocarbon generation is just high；
(b) turn waste into wealth, waste utilization, residual oil in fuel can be the flammable waste liquid fuel, such as in broader industry
The liquid of waste cell, petrochemical industry waste liquid, useless machine oil, laboratory waste liquid etc..Exhaust gas can be useless for stack gases, indusrial toxic
Gas etc.；
(c) production procedure is short, and clean gas is made in one step of fuel combination；Equipment is small, high production efficiency.
(d) very excellent environmental protection characteristic, entire production process is almost without three waste discharge, generated gas pole 99%
It is hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane above, there are also the other Hydrocarbon Organics for being lower than 1%, the foreign gases such as this part sulphur and phosphorus,
It is substantially removed after being catalyzed second pyrolysis reaction by Calcium magnesium minerals medium；
(e) energy-saving safe, high economic benefit, reaction keeps carrying out under opposite normal pressure and oxygen free condition in gasification,
Eliminate high pressure risk of explosion.
(f) it recycles, high temperature tar waste water and water steam reuse, is used as dilution heated resid tune, gas cooling
Heat transfer process can also recycle many thermal energy, be further reduced the energy consumption of process.
The present invention have save resource, turn waste into wealth, be safe and efficient, exhaust gas waste oil simultaneously burn beneficial effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
As shown, a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas, comprising:
Cracking combustion stove 7, bottom are provided with cracking mouth 71；
Plasmatorch 1, outlet are connected to 7 top entry of cracking combustion stove, and plasmatorch 1 can penetrate plasma high-temperature
Stream is transported to cracking combustion stove 7；
Residual oil pipe 22, import are connected to residual oil bucket through hydraulic pump, and the residual oil entrance of outlet and 7 top of cracking combustion stove connects
Logical, the residual oil of heating can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove 7 and burnt by hydraulic pump；
Flue gas leading 21, import are connected to exhaust gas source through air pump, and the exhaust gas entrance of outlet and 7 top of cracking combustion stove connects
Logical, exhaust gas can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove 7 and burnt by air pump；
It is catalyzed stone toroidal container 4, is wrapped in 7 periphery of cracking combustion stove, top is provided with gas outlet 31, is catalyzed stone
The bottom of block toroidal container 4 is provided with annular porous plate 42；
It is catalyzed stone 41, is placed in the interlayer that catalysis stone toroidal container 4 and cracking combustion stove 7 are formed；
Gasify cavity 64, is located at the lower section of catalysis stone toroidal container 4 and cracking combustion stove 7；
High-temperature water vapor pipe 63, input port are connected to high-temperature water vapor source, delivery outlet connection gasification cavity 64；
Plasma high-temperature jet stream, residual oil and exhaust gas through cracking mouth 71 are output to gasification after burning in cracking combustion stove 7
Cavity 64, mixes with high-temperature water vapor, through annular porous plate 42, catalysis stone 41, exports high-temperature fuel gas from gas outlet 31.
Further include:
Heat exchanger 32, input port are connected to gas outlet 31, and delivery outlet 33 exports combustion gas after cooling, heat exchanger
Heat-exchange tube 34 in 32 can export hot water.
Further include:
Heat exchange annular bucket 5 is wrapped in outside catalysis stone toroidal container 4, is provided with heat exchange in heat exchange annular bucket 5
Water, heat exchange annular bucket 5 can export high-temperature water.
The bottom of cracking combustion stove 7 is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of taper is arranged in cracking mouth 71.
Catalysis stone 41 is calcium magnesio dolomite.
The bottom of gasification cavity 64 is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of pyramidal structure is placed with heat insulation.
Heat insulation is crystalline graphite mineral grain.
Gasification 64 pyramidal structure bottom of cavity is equipped with valve 61.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas, characterized in that include:
Cracking combustion stove (7), bottom are provided with cracking mouth (71)；
Plasmatorch (1), outlet are connected to cracking combustion stove (7) top entry, and plasmatorch (1) can be by plasma high-temperature
Jet stream is transported to cracking combustion stove (7)；
Residual oil pipe (22), import are connected to residual oil bucket through hydraulic pump, and outlet connects with the residual oil entrance at the top of cracking combustion stove (7)
Logical, the residual oil of heating can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove (7) burning by hydraulic pump；
Flue gas leading (21), import are connected to exhaust gas source through air pump, and outlet connects with the exhaust gas entrance at the top of cracking combustion stove (7)
Logical, exhaust gas can be sprayed into cracking combustion stove (7) burning by air pump；
It is catalyzed stone toroidal container (4), is wrapped in cracking combustion stove (7) periphery, top is provided with gas outlet (31), is catalyzed
The bottom of stone toroidal container (4) is provided with annular porous plate (42)；
It is catalyzed stone (41), is placed in the interlayer of catalysis stone toroidal container (4) and cracking combustion stove (7) formation；
Gasify cavity (64), is located at the lower section of catalysis stone toroidal container (4) and cracking combustion stove (7)；
High-temperature water vapor pipe (63), input port are connected to high-temperature water vapor source, delivery outlet connection gasification cavity (64)；
Plasma high-temperature jet stream, residual oil and exhaust gas are output to gasification through cracking mouth (71) after burning in cracking combustion stove (7)
Cavity (64), mixes with high-temperature water vapor, through annular porous plate (42), catalysis stone (41), exports from gas outlet (31) high
Warm combustion gas.
2. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as described in claim 1, characterized in that further include:
Heat exchanger (32), input port are connected to gas outlet (31), and delivery outlet (33) exports combustion gas after cooling, heat exchange
Heat-exchange tube (34) in device (32) can export hot water.
3. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as described in claim 1, characterized in that further include:
Heat exchange annular bucket (5) is wrapped in catalysis stone toroidal container (4) outside, is provided with hot friendship in heat exchange annular bucket (5)
Water is changed, heat exchange annular bucket (5) can export high-temperature water.
4. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as described in claim 1, characterized in that the cracking
The bottom of combustion furnace (7) is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of taper is arranged in the cracking mouth (71).
5. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as described in claim 1, characterized in that the catalysis
Stone (41) is calcium magnesio dolomite.
6. the gasification installation of a kind of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as described in any one in claim 1-5, characterized in that
The bottom of gasification cavity (64) is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of pyramidal structure is placed with heat insulation.
7. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that described heat-insulated
Block is crystalline graphite mineral grain.
8. a kind of gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the gasification
Cavity (64) pyramidal structure bottom is equipped with valve (61).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711428495.8A CN108097188B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | The gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711428495.8A CN108097188B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | The gasification installation of plasma pyrolysis residual oil and exhaust gas |
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| CN108097188A CN108097188A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108097188B true CN108097188B (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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| CN110394038B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-09-25 | 北京工商大学 | Device and method for purifying air by using low-temperature plasma activation water |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1609169A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system |
| CN204661619U (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-09-23 | 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 | The device that a kind of vertical high-temperature cracking static bed coal gasification raw gas is coal-tar middle oil |
| CN206338815U (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-07-18 | 天和控股（武汉）有限公司 | Rotary kiln, plasma melting stove combined type dangerous waste disposal device |
| CN206624836U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-11-10 | 郑州中远热能技术有限公司 | Biomass special gasifier with dredger |
-
2017
- 2017-12-26 CN CN201711428495.8A patent/CN108097188B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1609169A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method of cracking heavy hydrocarbon to prepare low-carbon olefin and the cracking gasifier system |
| CN204661619U (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-09-23 | 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 | The device that a kind of vertical high-temperature cracking static bed coal gasification raw gas is coal-tar middle oil |
| CN206338815U (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-07-18 | 天和控股（武汉）有限公司 | Rotary kiln, plasma melting stove combined type dangerous waste disposal device |
| CN206624836U (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-11-10 | 郑州中远热能技术有限公司 | Biomass special gasifier with dredger |
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