CN108094083A - 一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法 - Google Patents

一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法 Download PDF

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CN108094083A
CN108094083A CN201711290588.9A CN201711290588A CN108094083A CN 108094083 A CN108094083 A CN 108094083A CN 201711290588 A CN201711290588 A CN 201711290588A CN 108094083 A CN108094083 A CN 108094083A
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parts
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seed
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付吉鹏
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Fengyang Zhongyi Oasis Planting Cooperatives
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Abstract

本发明属于燕麦种植技术领域，尤其是一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，具体方法如下：（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理；（2）播种前种子的处理；（3）播种后的田间管理；播种前施肥并两次翻耕处理，有效提高土壤的生物活力，增强其保肥保水能力，抑制土壤有害菌的滋生，为燕麦的优质高产奠定良好的基础；播种前对种子进行处理，不但有效提高出苗率，培育壮苗，而且有效防治地下害虫的侵害，增强根系的粗壮生长，增强其抗倒伏能力；播种后进行灌溉水施营养液，有效防止燕麦叶片早衰，提高光合功能，促进同化作用的进行，促进营养物质的转运积累，提高燕麦籽粒中脂肪、蛋白质、赖氨酸、葡聚糖含量，提高结实率，增加千粒重，提高成熟品质。

Description

一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法
技术领域
本发明属于燕麦种植技术领域，尤其是一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法。
背景技术
燕麦是粮、饲、药兼用作物，且具有极高的营养价值；随着对裸燕麦保健功能的开发，裸燕麦作为功能性谷物食品近年来也得到越来越多国人的青睐，其市场开发前景十分广阔，因此，对燕麦原材料的需求也在大幅度增加；燕麦的产量和品质不仅由其本身的遗传特性决定，而且与栽培措施密切相关，所以发明一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法势必能够促进燕麦产业的进一步发展，给种植户打来巨大的收益。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，具体方法如下：
（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理
3月初，将种植地土壤浅耕9~10cm后，每亩施入腐熟牛粪550~600kg、发酵番茄籽粕200~250kg和硼砂1.2~1.4kg，深耕20~22cm；
（2）播种前种子的处理
3月底，选择无虫眼、无霉烂、颗粒饱满的燕麦种子，置入温度为54~58℃的条件下蒸汽处理7~9min，置入温度为1~3℃的冷却间冷却，加入拌种剂进行拌种处理，进行播种；
所述的拌种剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄腐酸钾4~5份、竹沥8~9份、黄芪多糖0.6~0.8份、水杨酸1.1~1.3份、钼酸钠0.5~0.7份、绿豆淀粉2.2~2.6份、水65~70份；
（3）播种后的田间管理
在分蘖期每亩灌溉水220~230m3，在拔节前期和抽穗前期分别叶面喷施一次营养液；
所述的营养液，由以下重量份的原料制成：尿素8~9份、醋酸铜2.1~2.5份、氯化钾4.5~4.9份、桑葚多糖0.21~0.23份、维生素C0.33~0.35份、水550~600份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的燕麦种子与拌种剂的重量比为1：4.2~4.6。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的营养液，在拔节前期的叶面喷施量为20~21L/亩、在抽穗前期的叶面喷施量为29~30L/亩。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，播种前施肥并两次翻耕处理，有效提高土壤的生物活力，增强其保肥保水能力，抑制土壤有害菌的滋生，为燕麦的优质高产奠定良好的基础；播种前对种子进行处理，不但能够有效提高出苗率，培育壮苗，而且能够有效防治地下害虫的侵害，增强根系的粗壮生长，增强其抗倒伏能力；播种后进行灌溉水施营养液，有效防止燕麦叶片早衰，提高光合功能，促进同化作用的进行，促进营养物质的转运积累，有效提高燕麦籽粒中脂肪、蛋白质、赖氨酸、葡聚糖含量，提高结实率，增加千粒重，提高成熟品质，不但能够提高燕麦的产量，而且能够改善燕麦的品质，提升其营养保健价值。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，具体方法如下：
（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理
3月初，将种植地土壤浅耕9~10cm后，每亩施入腐熟牛粪550kg、发酵番茄籽粕200kg和硼砂1.2kg，深耕20cm；
（2）播种前种子的处理
3月底，选择无虫眼、无霉烂、颗粒饱满的燕麦种子，置入温度为54℃的条件下蒸汽处理7min，置入温度为1℃的冷却间冷却，加入拌种剂进行拌种处理，进行播种；
所述的拌种剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄腐酸钾4份、竹沥8份、黄芪多糖0.6份、水杨酸1.1份、钼酸钠0.5份、绿豆淀粉2.2份、水65份；
（3）播种后的田间管理
在分蘖期每亩灌溉水220~230m3，在拔节前期和抽穗前期分别叶面喷施一次营养液；
所述的营养液，由以下重量份的原料制成：尿素8份、醋酸铜2.1份、氯化钾4.5份、桑葚多糖0.21份、维生素C0.33份、水550份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的燕麦种子与拌种剂的重量比为1：4.2。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的营养液，在拔节前期的叶面喷施量为20L/亩、在抽穗前期的叶面喷施量为29L/亩。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，具体方法如下：
（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理
3月初，将种植地土壤浅耕9~10cm后，每亩施入腐熟牛粪575kg、发酵番茄籽粕225kg和硼砂1.3kg，深耕21cm；
（2）播种前种子的处理
3月底，选择无虫眼、无霉烂、颗粒饱满的燕麦种子，置入温度为56℃的条件下蒸汽处理8min，置入温度为2℃的冷却间冷却，加入拌种剂进行拌种处理，进行播种；
所述的拌种剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄腐酸钾4.5份、竹沥8.5份、黄芪多糖0.7份、水杨酸1.2份、钼酸钠0.6份、绿豆淀粉2.4份、水68份；
（3）播种后的田间管理
在分蘖期每亩灌溉水225m3，在拔节前期和抽穗前期分别叶面喷施一次营养液；
所述的营养液，由以下重量份的原料制成：尿素8.5份、醋酸铜2.3份、氯化钾4.7份、桑葚多糖0.22份、维生素C0.34份、水575份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的燕麦种子与拌种剂的重量比为1：4.4。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的营养液，在拔节前期的叶面喷施量为20.5L/亩、在抽穗前期的叶面喷施量为29.5L/亩。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，具体方法如下：
（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理
3月初，将种植地土壤浅耕10cm后，每亩施入腐熟牛粪600kg、发酵番茄籽粕200~250kg和硼砂1.4kg，深耕22cm；
（2）播种前种子的处理
3月底，选择无虫眼、无霉烂、颗粒饱满的燕麦种子，置入温度为58℃的条件下蒸汽处理9min，置入温度为3℃的冷却间冷却，加入拌种剂进行拌种处理，进行播种；
所述的拌种剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄腐酸钾5份、竹沥9份、黄芪多糖0.8份、水杨酸1.3份、钼酸钠0.7份、绿豆淀粉2.6份、水70份；
（3）播种后的田间管理
在分蘖期每亩灌溉水230m3，在拔节前期和抽穗前期分别叶面喷施一次营养液；
所述的营养液，由以下重量份的原料制成：尿素9份、醋酸铜2.5份、氯化钾4.9份、桑葚多糖0.23份、维生素C0.35份、水600份。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的燕麦种子与拌种剂的重量比为1：4.6。
作为发明进一步的方案：所述的营养液，在拔节前期的叶面喷施量为21L/亩、在抽穗前期的叶面喷施量为30L/亩。
使用实施例和对比例的种植方法种植白燕8号燕麦12亩，分为4组，平均每组3亩，统计其脂肪含量、蛋白质含量、赖氨酸含量、葡聚糖含量、千粒重和亩产量（脂肪含量用残余法测定、蛋白质含量用考马斯亮蓝G-250染色法测定、赖氨酸含量用茚三酮显色法测定、葡聚糖含量采用刚果红测定），结果如表1：
表1 实施例和对比例的对比结果
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例
脂肪含量（%） 9.13 9.19 9.23 7.98
蛋白质含量（%） 20.38 20.26 20.31 16.87
赖氨酸含量（%） 6.81 6.71 6.75 4.44
葡聚糖含量（%） 8.18 8.26 8.21 6.89
千粒重（g） 27.22 27.15 27.32 21.34
亩产量（kg） 218.13 219.44 221.34 162.56
相对增产率（%） 34.18 34.99 36.16 ——
从表1可以看出，本发明的种植方法能够有效提升燕麦的品质，增加其产量。

Claims (3)

1.一种高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，其特征在于，具体方法如下：
（1）播种前种植地土壤的处理
3月初，将种植地土壤浅耕9~10cm后，每亩施入腐熟牛粪550~600kg、发酵番茄籽粕200~250kg和硼砂1.2~1.4kg，深耕20~22cm；
（2）播种前种子的处理
3月底，选择无虫眼、无霉烂、颗粒饱满的燕麦种子，置入温度为54~58℃的条件下蒸汽处理7~9min，置入温度为1~3℃的冷却间冷却，加入拌种剂进行拌种处理，进行播种；
所述的拌种剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：黄腐酸钾4~5份、竹沥8~9份、黄芪多糖0.6~0.8份、水杨酸1.1~1.3份、钼酸钠0.5~0.7份、绿豆淀粉2.2~2.6份、水65~70份；
（3）播种后的田间管理
在分蘖期每亩灌溉水220~230m3，在拔节前期和抽穗前期分别叶面喷施一次营养液；
所述的营养液，由以下重量份的原料制成：尿素8~9份、醋酸铜2.1~2.5份、氯化钾4.5~4.9份、桑葚多糖0.21~0.23份、维生素C0.33~0.35份、水550~600份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，其特征在于，所述的燕麦种子与拌种剂的重量比为1：4.2~4.6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高产高品质燕麦的种植方法，其特征在于，所述的营养液，在拔节前期的叶面喷施量为20~21L/亩、在抽穗前期的叶面喷施量为29~30L/亩。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111512908A (zh) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-11 中国农业科学院草原研究所 一种提高燕麦产量和增加燕麦品质的种植方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111512908A (zh) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-11 中国农业科学院草原研究所 一种提高燕麦产量和增加燕麦品质的种植方法

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