CN108091945B - A kind of voltage monitoring method, method for estimating state and the device of liquid metal cell - Google Patents
A kind of voltage monitoring method, method for estimating state and the device of liquid metal cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN108091945B CN108091945B CN201711259522.3A CN201711259522A CN108091945B CN 108091945 B CN108091945 B CN 108091945B CN 201711259522 A CN201711259522 A CN 201711259522A CN 108091945 B CN108091945 B CN 108091945B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses voltage monitoring method, method for estimating state and the detection devices of a kind of liquid metal cell, include the following steps: to select the adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first；The adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second；The end voltage of the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of above-mentioned L group first and the adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second is expressed as to the sum of each liquid metal cell voltage, forms initial voltage equation group；Initial voltage equation group is subjected to the voltage equation group that de-redundancy processing obtains coefficient full rank；It is calculated according to the voltage equation group of coefficient full rank and obtains each liquid metal cell voltage.The voltage measurement error of low-voltage, Wide Worktable liquid metal cell monomer can be effectively reduced in this method, improve precision of state estimation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to secondary cell applied technical fields, supervise more particularly, to a kind of voltage of liquid metal cell
Survey method, method for estimating state and device.
Background technique
Extensive energy storage is to effectively improve the key technology of renewable energy power generation networking.Liquid metal cell is as recently
A kind of electrochemical energy storage technology to grow up, the design of three-layer liquid state structure, using inorganic fused salt and liquid metal as electricity
Matter and positive and negative anodes are solved, have the characteristics that at low cost, capacity is big, high-efficient, the service life is long, there is wide answer in scale energy storage field
Use prospect.However due to the limitation of battery cell capacity and voltage, battery cell by realizing in groups in series and parallel in practical application
Capacity amplification and voltage increase, battery assembly module pass through battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS)
Unified energy management and control are carried out, major function includes: the real-time monitoring of battery physical parameter, and the state of battery is estimated
Meter, inline diagnosis and early warning, charge and discharge control and balanced management and heat management etc..The realization of these functions is depended on to battery
The precise measurement of physical quantity, i.e. voltage and current.For novel liquid metal battery, monomer cell voltage platform it is low and
Wide characteristic, so that the state estimation and Balance route dependent on voltage accuracy fall into difficulty.
A kind of multi-stage equalizing of liquid metal cell group is disclosed in Chinese invention patent specification CN106654413A
Control system and method are combined by active and passive equilibrium, improve liquid metal cell group equalization efficiency, also solve liquid
State metal battery monomer voltage platform is low, and active equalization implements difficult problem, but it is passive balanced using monitoring battery cell
Voltage carries out state-of-charge (State of Charge, SOC) estimation, and using SOC as balanced variable, for liquid metal electricity
For pond, monomer battery voltage landing flat, numerical value are low (0.9V), and battery voltage measurement error is big on state estimation influence, because
Effect is undesirable in this practical application.
Since there are drawbacks described above and deficiency, this field needs to make and further improve, for liquid metal
The characteristics of battery low-voltage, Wide Worktable, is designed a kind of topology and method for effectively reducing voltage measurement error, is estimated with raising state
The precision of meter and Balance route.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing drawbacks, the present invention provides a kind of voltage monitoring methods of liquid metal cell, method for estimating state
And device, it is intended to solve existing liquid metal cell voltage due to that cannot consider liquid metal cell low-voltage, Wide Worktable
The characteristics of caused monomer battery voltage measurement error it is big, serious defect of drifting about.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of voltage monitoring of liquid metal cell is provided
Method includes the following steps:
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains L group first
The end voltage of adjacent liquid metal cell group；
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains K group second
The end voltage of adjacent liquid metal cell group；
By the end voltage and K group second adjacent liquid metal cell group of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of above-mentioned L group first
End voltage is expressed as the sum of each liquid metal cell voltage, forms initial voltage equation group；
Initial voltage equation group is subjected to the voltage equation group that de-redundancy processing obtains coefficient full rank；
Each liquid metal cell voltage is obtained according to the voltage equation group of coefficient full rank；
Wherein, L+K >=N, 2≤M≤(N+1)/2, the first adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M saves liquid metal electricity
Pond, the second adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M+1 saves liquid metal cell.
Preferably, according to formulaObtain voltage equation
Group；
Wherein, UiFor the end voltage of i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell group, UlFor the adjacent liquid metal of l group second
The end voltage of battery pack, XjFor the end voltage of j-th of liquid metal cell, aijIndicate i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell
Group end voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, aljIndicate the adjacent liquid metal cell group of l group second
End voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, 1≤j≤N, 1≤i≤L, L+1≤l≤L+K.
Preferably, in the present invention, (the single-unit liquid metal cell end of low-voltage is directly measured to reduce conventional method
Voltage) caused by error, realize the method for the invention, the concatenated liquid metal cell number of monomers N of battery assembly module should expire
Foot, N >=3, and N are integer.
Preferably, the quantity of the end voltage of the first adjacent liquid metal cell group can take L=N-M+1；Second adjacent liquid
The quantity of the end voltage of state metal battery group can take K=M-1, by choosing L=N-M+1 and K=M-1, the initial electricity of composition
Pressure equation is generally full rank equation, can meet the requirements, and required resource is minimum.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of method for estimating state of liquid metal cell, including
Following steps:
Liquid metal cell monomer voltage under state is shelved according to the acquisition of above-mentioned voltage detection method；
Liquid is obtained according to liquid metal cell monomer voltage and liquid metal cell state-of-charge and open-circuit voltage relationship
The current initial state-of-charge of metal battery monomer；
It is charged to liquid metal cell using current integration method according to the current initial state-of-charge of liquid metal cell monomer
State is estimated.
Preferably, according to formulaObtain liquid metal cell state-of-charge, wherein CnFor battery
Capacity, i are electric current (electric discharge is positive value, is charged as negative value), SOC0For the initial state-of-charge of present battery, present battery just
Beginning state-of-charge is obtained according to liquid metal cell monomer voltage and liquid metal cell state-of-charge and open-circuit voltage relationship.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of voltage monitoring systems of liquid metal cell, comprising:
Voltage obtains module, for obtaining the end voltage and the adjacent liquid of K group second of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first
The end voltage of state metal battery group；
Monomer voltage obtains module, and input terminal is connect with the output end that voltage obtains module, for according to the first phase of L group
End voltage, the neighboring voltage metal battery of the end voltage and the adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second of adjacent liquid metal cell group
The end voltage measurement structure of group obtains voltage equation group, and the end voltage of single liquid metal cell is obtained according to voltage equation group；
Wherein, L+K >=N, 2≤M≤(N+1)/2, the first adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M saves liquid metal electricity
Pond, the second adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M+1 saves liquid metal cell.
Contemplated above technical scheme through the invention can obtain following compared with prior art
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell of the invention, by obtaining L group M adjacent liquid metal cells
The end voltage for holding voltage and K group M+1 adjacent liquid metal cells, by the voltage of holding for obtaining adjacent liquid metal cell
Measurement topology, constructs initial voltage equation group, carries out de-redundancy processing to initial voltage equation, obtains the electricity of coefficient matrix full rank
Equation is pressed, by being solved to coefficient matrix full rank voltage equation group, the voltage of monomelic liquid metal battery is can be obtained, is simultaneously
Matrix number A is sparse matrix, and calculation amount is small, and on the basis of measuring system inherent accuracy, low-voltage, Wide Worktable can be effectively reduced
The voltage measurement error of liquid metal cell monomer to provide precision of state estimation, and is easy to apply on the microprocessor.
2, the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell of the invention, by obtaining N-M+1 group M adjacent liquid metal electricity
The end voltage of the M+1 adjacent liquid metal cells of end voltage and M-1 group in pond, by the end for obtaining adjacent liquid metal cell
The measurement topology of voltage, constructs voltage equation group, due to 2≤M≤adjacent liquid metal cell of (N+1)/2, N-M+1 group M
The equation that the end voltage of the M+1 adjacent liquid metal cells of equation and M-1 group for holding voltage to be formed is formed is uncorrelated, can guarantee
The coefficient matrix of voltage equation group is full rank, does not need to carry out de-redundancy processing to voltage equation group.
3, the present invention is most important to the liquid metal cell state estimation of low-voltage platform and balanced management, in low-voltage
Small voltage measurement error may result in biggish state estimation error under platform, to also will affect and be with state variable
The balanced management efficiency of reference, therefore in state-of-charge estimation method provided by the invention, the end voltage energy of liquid metal cell
Enough accurate acquisitions, so that the initial state-of-charge of liquid metal cell is more accurate, and then improves the precision of state estimation, it will be effective
Solve the difficulty that the liquid metal cell of low-voltage platform encounters in terms of battery management.
4, liquid metal cell voltage monitor of the invention is in the feelings for not changing liquid metal cell group cellular construction
Voltage measurement is carried out under condition, compared with tradition directly measures the method for single battery voltage, does not increase the complexity of measuring system
Property, simultaneously because the present invention uses the port voltage of more piece liquid metal cell to choose suitable M value as measurement, it can
Directly to monitor chip using existing lithium ion battery voltage, without low specifically for liquid metal cell voltage platform and
Wide characteristic redesigns the battery voltage monitoring chip of corresponding range.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell provided by the invention；
A kind of Fig. 2 flow chart of the embodiment of the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the voltage monitor of liquid metal cell provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is liquid metal cell charging/discharging voltage curve graph provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is liquid metal cell voltage monitoring method effect contrast figure provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the effect contrast figure that voltage monitoring method provided by the invention implements battery status estimation.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
The characteristics of the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to liquid metal cell low-voltage, Wide Worktable caused list
Body battery voltage measurement error is big, serious defect of drifting about, and provides a kind of simply and effectively reduction battery voltage measurement error, suppression
The method of voltage drift processed can reduce liquid metal cell voltage monitoring error, improve voltage monitoring precision, thus to electricity
Pond management system state estimation, Balance route provide more accurate sampled data, improve precision of state estimation and Balance route
Effect.Solve the problems, such as that state-of-charge estimation caused by liquid metal cell voltage platform is low and wide and Balance route are difficult.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell provided by the invention；The voltage detecting side
Method includes the following steps:
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains L group first
The end voltage of adjacent liquid metal cell group；
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and obtains K group second
The end voltage of adjacent liquid metal cell group；
By the end voltage and K group second adjacent liquid metal cell group of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of above-mentioned L group first
End voltage is expressed as the sum of each liquid metal cell voltage, forms initial voltage equation group；
Initial voltage equation group is subjected to the voltage equation group that de-redundancy processing obtains coefficient full rank；
It can be obtained each liquid metal cell voltage according to the calculating of the voltage equation group of coefficient full rank；
Wherein, L+K >=N, 2≤M≤(N+1)/2, the first adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M saves liquid metal electricity
Pond, the second adjacent liquid metal cell group are that adjacent M+1 saves liquid metal cell.
In order to reduce error caused by conventional method, i.e., the single-unit liquid metal cell end voltage for directly measuring low-voltage is made
At error, realize the method for the invention, the concatenated liquid metal cell number of monomers N of battery assembly module should meet, N >=3.
A kind of Fig. 2 flow chart of the embodiment of the voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell provided by the invention；Fig. 3 is this
The structural schematic diagram of the voltage monitor of the liquid metal cell provided is provided；The embodiment of voltage monitoring method includes as follows
Step:
Step 1: all adjacent M section liquid metal cell port voltages, total N-M+1 group are successively obtained from voltage measurement module
Voltage remembers U1, U2..., UN-M+1；Even L=N-M+1.
Step 2: according to the topological structure of voltage measurement, determine the ingredient of measurement port voltage:
Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N-M+1.
Step 3: obtaining the adjacent M+1 section liquid metal cell port voltage of any K group from voltage measurement module is respectively
UN-M+2, UN-M+3..., UN-M+K+1, wherein M-1≤K≤N-M.
Step 4: according to the topological structure of voltage measurement, determine the ingredient of measurement port voltage:
Wherein, l=N-M+2, N-M+3 ..., N-M+K+1.
Step 5: establish following voltage equation group:
Wherein, UiFor the end voltage of i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell group, UlFor the adjacent liquid metal of l group second
The end voltage of battery pack, XjFor the end voltage of j-th of liquid metal cell, aijIndicate i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell
Group end voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, aljIndicate the adjacent liquid metal cell group of l group second
End voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, 1≤j≤N, 1≤i≤L, N-M+2≤l≤N-M+K+1.
Step 6: choosing K=M-1, have N number of by the port voltage that voltage measurement module obtains, be denoted as U1, U2..., UN, and
Form voltage measurement matrix U=[U1U2…UN]T；
By the topological structure the efficiency of formation matrix of voltage measurement:
N saves liquid metal cell monomer voltage X1, X2..., XN, form monomer voltage matrix X=[X1X2…XN]T
Then voltage equation group can indicate are as follows:
U=AX；
Step 7: by the topological structure of voltage measurement it is found that coefficient matrices A is full rank square matrix, then X=A-1U can be calculated
Each battery cell voltage of liquid metal cell block coupled in series out.
In the embodiment of liquid metal cell voltage monitoring method provided by the invention, N=6, M=3 are enabled, i.e., by 6 sections
The monomer series-connected composition liquid metal cell module of liquid metal cell；To all 3 adjacent section liquid metal cell extraction wires,
And measure its port voltage.
As shown in figure 4, pin 0 and pin 3 measure the voltage of cell1+cell2+cell3, pin 1 and pin 4 are measured
The voltage of cell2+cell3+cell4, pin 2 and pin 5 measure the voltage of cell3+cell4+cell5, pin 3 and pin 6
Measure the voltage of cell4+cell5+cell6.At the same time, adjacent liquid metal cell is saved to any M+1=4, measures M-1=
2 groups of port voltages, pin 0 and pin 4 measure the voltage of cell1+cell2+cell3+cell4, and pin 2 and pin 6 measure
The voltage of cell3+cell4+cell5+cell6.
In voltage equation group, voltage measurement matrix, monomer voltage matrix and coefficient matrix are as follows:
U=[U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6]T,
X=[X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6]T；
6 section series-connected cell monomer voltage X=A of liquid metal cell module-1U, it may be assumed that
Liquid metal cell voltage monitor provided by the invention, including voltage obtains module and monomer voltage obtains mould
Block, monomer voltage obtains module input to be connect with the output end that voltage obtains module, and voltage obtains module and is used to save liquid from by N
The battery assembly module of the monomer series-connected formation of state metal battery obtains the end voltage and K group of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first
The end voltage of second adjacent liquid metal cell group；Monomer voltage obtains module and is used for according to the adjacent liquid metal electricity of L group first
The end voltage of pond group and the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second obtain voltage equation group, according to voltage equation group
Obtain the end voltage of single liquid metal cell.
Voltage detection module refers to the integrated circuit with battery voltage detection chip, for detecting liquid metal cell electricity
Pressure；Microprocessor module is used to handle the voltage data of voltage detection module acquisition, and liquid metal cell group list is obtained after operation
Body cell voltage.The more piece liquid metal cell port voltage of above-mentioned access is detected by voltage detection module, and data are sent into
Microprocessor module carries out operation, obtains single-unit liquid metal cell voltage.
Fig. 5 is liquid metal cell voltage monitoring method effect picture provided by the invention, the battery provided through the invention
Voltage monitor and method can effectively improve the precision of voltage monitoring.
Fig. 6 is the effect contrast figure that battery voltage monitoring device and method provided by the invention implements battery status estimation,
For low-voltage, Wide Worktable liquid metal cell monomer, state-of-charge is particularly sensitive to voltage, implements state-of-charge and estimates
The monitoring accuracy requirement counted to cell voltage is especially stringent.Simple and easy current integration method is generallyd use in practical application to carry out
The state estimation of battery calculates state-of-charge by the capacity ratio of integral and battery to electric current, formula is as follows:
Wherein, CnFor battery capacity, i is electric current (electric discharge is positive value, is charged as negative value), SOC0For the initial charged of battery
State.Cumulative errors caused by initial state-of-charge error and current drift can be corrected by open circuit voltage method.It is i.e. logical
Known state-of-charge-open-circuit voltage (SOC-OCV) curve is crossed, the state-of-charge of battery is obtained by the voltage that measurement obtains.Such as
Shown in Fig. 6, the raising of liquid metal cell monomer voltage monitoring accuracy can effectively improve the correction accuracy of state-of-charge, thus
Improve the accuracy of battery charge state estimation.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to prophet
The present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of voltage monitoring method of liquid metal cell, which comprises the steps of:
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and it is adjacent to obtain L group first
The end voltage of liquid metal cell group；
The adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second is selected from N number of concatenated liquid metal cell, and it is adjacent to obtain K group second
The end voltage of liquid metal cell group；
By the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of the L group first, the end voltage of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of K group second
It is expressed as the sum of each liquid metal cell voltage, forms initial voltage equation group；
Initial voltage equation group is subjected to the voltage equation group that de-redundancy processing obtains coefficient full rank；
Each liquid metal cell voltage is obtained according to the voltage equation group of coefficient full rank；
Wherein, 0<L≤N-M+1,0<K≤N-M, N>=3, L+K>=N, 2≤M≤(N+1)/2, the first adjacent liquid metal cell group
Liquid metal cell is saved for adjacent M, the second adjacent liquid metal cell group is that adjacent M+1 saves liquid metal cell.
2. voltage monitoring method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that initial voltage equation group is as follows:
Wherein, UiFor the end voltage of i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell group, UlFor the adjacent liquid metal cell of l group second
The end voltage of group, XjFor the end voltage of j-th of liquid metal cell, aijIndicate i-th group of first adjacent liquid metal cell group
End voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, aljIndicate the end of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of l group second
Voltage whether include j-th of liquid metal cell end voltage, 1≤j≤N, 1≤i≤L, L+1≤l≤L+K.
3. such as the described in any item voltage monitoring methods of claim 1 to 2, which is characterized in that the first adjacent liquid metal cell
The quantity of the end voltage of group takes L=N-M+1；The quantity of the end voltage of second adjacent liquid metal cell group takes K=M-1.
4. a kind of state-of-charge estimation method of liquid metal cell, which comprises the steps of:
Liquid metal cell monomer under state is shelved in liquid metal cell voltage monitoring method acquisition according to claim 1
Voltage；
Liquid metal is obtained according to liquid metal cell monomer voltage and liquid metal cell state-of-charge and open-circuit voltage relationship
The current initial state-of-charge of battery cell；
According to the current initial state-of-charge of liquid metal cell monomer, using current integration method to liquid metal cell state-of-charge
Estimated.
5. a kind of system of the voltage monitoring method based on liquid metal cell described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
Voltage obtains module, for obtaining the end voltage and the adjacent liquid gold of K group second of the adjacent liquid metal cell group of L group first
Belong to the end voltage of battery pack；
Monomer voltage obtains module, and input terminal is connect with the output end that voltage obtains module, for according to the adjacent liquid of L group first
The end voltage of state metal battery group and K group second adjacent liquid metal cell group hold voltage, neighboring voltage metal battery group
It holds voltage measurement structure to obtain voltage equation group, the end voltage of single liquid metal cell is obtained according to voltage equation group；
Wherein, 0<L≤N-M+1,0<K≤N-M, N>=3, L+K>=N, 2≤M≤(N+1)/2, the first adjacent liquid metal cell group
Liquid metal cell is saved for adjacent M, the second adjacent liquid metal cell group is that adjacent M+1 saves liquid metal cell.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102195101A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-21 | 陕西铭越信息科技有限公司 | Power battery management system and method thereof |
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| CN102195101A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-21 | 陕西铭越信息科技有限公司 | Power battery management system and method thereof |
| CN204303942U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 中国汽车技术研究中心 | The safety guard of a kind of lithium-ion-power cell voltage monitoring and equilibrium |
| CN105449295A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-30 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Power battery balance control method, device and circuit |
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