CN108089603B - Multiphase flow control system - Google Patents

Multiphase flow control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108089603B
CN108089603B CN201711422754.6A CN201711422754A CN108089603B CN 108089603 B CN108089603 B CN 108089603B CN 201711422754 A CN201711422754 A CN 201711422754A CN 108089603 B CN108089603 B CN 108089603B
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flow
spray pipe
pipe
gas
pipeline
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CN108089603A (en
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张建伟
张鹏
马利川
孙瑞斌
晏硕
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D7/00Control of flow
    • G05D7/06Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D7/0617Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
    • G05D7/0629Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means
    • G05D7/0635Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means by action on throttling means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Flow Control (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiphase flow control system which comprises a simulation cabin, a gas conveying unit, a solution conveying unit, an output unit and a collecting unit, wherein the gas conveying unit is connected to the central part of the bottom of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the solution conveying unit is connected to the lower part of the side wall of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the output unit is installed on the upper part of the side wall of the simulation cabin, the output unit is communicated with the collecting unit, the gas conveying unit can regulate large-span flow of various flows, and the collecting unit is arranged above the simulation cabin obliquely. The invention can realize the large-span flow range work of the entrainment test, and particularly can realize the high-precision adjustment of the airflow flow.

Description

Multiphase flow control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multiphase flow control system, in particular to a test system for developing nuclear power equipment.
Background
In order to develop a new generation of nuclear power equipment, a safety system simulation test is required. The fourth-stage automatic pressure drop system is used as a key passive safety facility of the new generation of nuclear power equipment, and the performance of the fourth-stage automatic pressure drop system directly determines the stability and safety of the nuclear power equipment. In order to simulate the serious accident that the nuclear reactor cooling pressure vessel liquid level is reduced to induce the bare and melting of the reactor core, a set of test equipment for simulating the working process and mechanism of a fourth-stage automatic pressure drop system after the nuclear power accident occurs must be established.
The traditional test simulation mainly adopts a scaling model to carry out a steam or air entrained liquid test, and the steam-water entrained test has obvious defects, because the condensation gasification phenomenon exists in the steam-water mixture test process, the actual acting flow of the steam is uncertain, and the test result cannot be accurately evaluated. The problems that the existing air-water entrainment test is difficult to adjust and low in accuracy when the flow span of the test working condition is large are solved, and the air-water entrainment test is based on the fact that the air flow is fed back to the regulating valve through the flowmeter, the regulating valve responds to the flow and adjusts the opening and the position, so that the flow is regulated, the problem that the accuracy of the flowmeter is low in a large-span range is solved, and the pressure regulating characteristic of the regulating valve determines that the air-water entrainment test cannot work normally in the large-span flow range, so that high-accuracy control of the gas-liquid two-phase flow cannot be achieved. In addition, because the test model is of a scaled size, the size effect difference which cannot be overcome exists between the actual working state of the nuclear power equipment and the model test can not accurately estimate the entrainment quantity.
In order to restore the real entrainment phenomenon of the fourth-stage automatic pressure drop system, the working process and mechanism of the fourth-stage automatic pressure drop system are researched, a full-size entrainment test bed is required to be designed, and a high-precision flow control system for multiphase flow is required to be designed for realizing the real flow test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multiphase flow control system which can realize the large-span flow range work of an entrainment test, and particularly can realize the high-precision adjustment of airflow flow.
The multiphase flow control system comprises a simulation cabin, a gas conveying unit, a solution conveying unit, an output unit and a collecting unit, wherein the gas conveying unit is connected to the central part of the bottom of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the solution conveying unit is connected to the lower part of the side wall of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the output unit is installed on the upper part of the side wall of the simulation cabin, the output unit is communicated with the collecting unit, the gas conveying unit can regulate large-span flow of various flows, and the collecting unit is arranged obliquely above the simulation cabin.
Preferably the gas delivery unit includes gas holder, temperature measurement bent, pressure measurement bent, air-vent valve and compound spray tube, compound spray tube includes stable section, spray tube section and diffusion section, the spray tube section is the combination of four binary spray tubes that the outer profile is cuboid and four lateral walls about the ternary spray tube are the diapire four push-pull valves about install in the entrance of spray tube section to can close or open four binary spray tube inlets respectively, and can realize closing or opening of central ternary spray tube through left push-pull valve and right push-pull valve.
Preferably, all five nozzle flow passages of the composite nozzle can realize supersonic flow.
Preferably, the gas conveying unit further comprises a vortex shedding flowmeter and a temperature measuring bent for monitoring the pressure of the gas storage tank.
The output unit preferably comprises a T-shaped pipeline and a throttle valve, one end of a horizontal pipeline horizontally arranged in the T-shaped pipeline is communicated with the simulation cabin, the other end of the horizontal pipeline is blocked, and an intermediate vertical pipeline is communicated with the collecting unit through a stop valve.
Preferably, the T-shaped pipeline comprises a small T pipe with a smaller pipeline diameter and a large T pipe with a larger pipeline diameter, the small T pipe and the large T pipe are arranged side by side up and down, and the small T pipe is arranged above.
Preferably, the collecting unit comprises a weigh tank and a load cell capable of gas-liquid separation.
Preferably, a return pipe is arranged between the weighing water tank and the simulation cabin, and a stop valve is arranged on the return pipe.
The invention adopts a gas storage tank to store gas, then intensively deflates and adopts a combination mode of a high-precision pressure regulating valve, a composite spray pipe, a pressure measuring bent frame and a temperature measuring bent frame to realize accurate control of gas flow, wherein the composite spray pipe can open a control module according to the test flow requirement to reasonably match flow and pressure, a stable upstream flow field is created, the regulating pressure of the pressure regulating valve is always in an optimal range of pressure regulating characteristics, a predetermined response is given according to a flow function relation by a temperature signal acquired by a temperature sensor on the temperature measuring bent frame and a pressure signal acquired by a pressure sensor on the pressure measuring bent frame according to a gas dynamic principle to regulate the valve rod opening and the valve core position, and then the flow is regulated, and a mass flowmeter is arranged on a liquid delivery pipe to measure the liquid flow. The vortex shedding flowmeter is arranged on the gas pipeline, and the main purpose of the vortex shedding flowmeter is to compare and analyze the difference between the flowmeter-pressure regulating valve combination and the pressure regulating valve-composite spray pipe combination, and because the flow signal directly given by the flowmeter does not fully consider the influence of the upstream gas temperature change, the influence degree and the rule of the temperature on the gas flow regulation can be compared and given by adding the vortex shedding flowmeter on the gas pipeline. The middle part in the simulation cabin is provided with a nuclear reaction fuel structure unit, a solution is filled into the simulation cabin and then enters the periphery of the fuel structure simulation unit and a gap between the simulation cabin and the fuel structure simulation unit, two T-shaped pipes which are arranged up and down and are different in size are arranged on the side edge of the simulation cabin and are used for simulating the entrainment phenomenon, the T-shaped pipes are made of transparent organic glass, entrainment images can be observed and recorded in real time so as to analyze the entrainment reaction mechanism, multiphase flow mixtures after the entrainment phenomenon is established leave the T-shaped pipe main pipe through the T-shaped pipe vertical pipes, gas flows out of the test system to the atmosphere after gas-liquid separation, liquid returns to the simulation cabin after the liquid is subjected to the mass change recorded by the weighing sensor after the weighing water tank, the liquid mass change and the rule thereof represent the gas entrainment liquid change rule, and the entrainment working process and mechanism can be obtained through comprehensive multiphase flow state and change analysis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The problem of high-precision control of multiphase fluid is solved;
(2) The method is suitable for the working condition of a large-span flow test of a full-size test simulation system;
(3) The entrainment tests of the same pressure and different flow rates can be carried out in the same test system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multiphase flow control system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the multiphase flow control system comprises an air compressor station 1, an air storage tank 2, an air delivery main valve 3, a filter 4, a vortex shedding flowmeter 5, a temperature measuring bent 6, a No. 1 pressure measuring bent 7, a pressure regulating valve 8, a No. 1 pressure measuring bent 9, a composite spray pipe 10, a simulation cabin 11, a large T pipe 12, a small T pipe 13, an infusion pipe 14, a mass flowmeter 15, a large T stop valve 16, a small T stop valve 17, a weighing water tank 18 and the like. The air compressor station 1 is used for generating compressed air with certain pressure, the compressed air generated by the air compressor station 1 is connected to the air storage tank 2 through a pipeline, the air storage tank 2 is used for storing the compressed air and is convenient for centralized release in test, the outlet of the air storage tank 2 is connected with the air delivery main valve 3 through a pipeline, the air delivery main valve 3 is used for controlling the start or stop of test, the air passes through the filter 4 after passing through the air delivery main valve 3, the filter 4 is used for removing the air and impurities in the pipeline, the vortex shedding flowmeter 5 is arranged behind the filter 4, the air filtered by the filter 4 flows through the vortex shedding flowmeter 5 again, damage caused by impurity flow meters can be avoided, the vortex shedding flowmeter 5 is used for establishing a flowmeter-pressure regulating valve combination flow regulation mode, the pipeline of the vortex shedding flowmeter 5 is provided with a temperature measuring frame 6, the temperature measuring frame 6 is provided with a temperature sensor for collecting the total temperature of the air, providing input parameters for gas flow correction and adjustment, arranging a 1# pressure measurement bent 7 behind a temperature measurement bent 6, arranging a pressure sensor on the 1# pressure measurement bent 7, collecting total pressure of gas before a pressure regulating valve 8, providing the total pressure of the gas before the valve for gas pressure adjustment, arranging the pressure regulating valve 8 behind the 1# pressure measurement bent 7, regulating the pressure of the gas on a gas pipeline by the pressure regulating valve 8, tracking and responding to a flow regulating signal in real time, stabilizing the gas flow, arranging a pressure sensor on the 2# pressure measurement bent 9 behind the pressure regulating valve 8, collecting total pressure of the gas after the valve, providing the total pressure of the gas after the valve for gas pressure adjustment, arranging a composite spray pipe 10 behind the 2# pressure measurement bent 9, wherein the composite spray pipe 10 is provided with a special flow passage design for providing accurate throttling flow, is connected to the center of the lower part of a simulation cabin 11 through a pipeline after the composite spray pipe 10, the simulation cabin 11 is used for simulating reactor core arrangement and cooling medium flow conditions, the lower horizontal direction of the side wall of the simulation cabin 11 is connected with the infusion tube 14, the infusion tube 14 can convey water, test solution or reaction melt which is required by entrainment to the simulation cabin 11, the mass flowmeter 15 is installed on the infusion tube 14, the mass flowmeter 15 is used for providing liquid input parameters, the entrainment reaction quantity is accurately estimated, the middle horizontal direction of the side wall of the simulation cabin 11 is connected with the main tube of the large T tube 12, the large T tube 12 is a large-flow entrainment test section, the entrainment test also occurs in the T tube, the vertical direction of the rear part of the main tube of the large T tube 12 is a large T tube branch tube, the large T stop valve 16 is installed in the middle of the tube, the large T tube stop valve 16 is opened in the large-flow test working condition, the entrainment mixture moves upwards along the large T tube branch tube, leaves the main tube 12, gas flows out of the test system to the atmosphere after gas-liquid separation, the liquid returns to the simulation cabin 11 after being recorded with mass change by the weighing water tank 18, the liquid mass change and the law characterization gas entrainment liquid change law are synthesized by the weighing sensor, and the multi-flow state phase flow and the change analysis can obtain the large-flow entrainment working process and mechanism. The upper part of the side wall of the simulation cabin 11 is horizontally connected with a main pipe of the small T pipe 13, the small T pipe 13 is a small flow entrainment test section, an entrainment test also occurs in the T pipe, the vertical direction of the rear part of the main pipe of the small T pipe 13 is a small T pipe branch pipe, a small T stop valve 17 is arranged in the middle of the pipe, the small T stop valve 17 is opened under the working condition of the small flow test, an entrainment mixture moves upwards along the small T pipe branch pipe, leaves the main pipe of the small T pipe 13, gas flows out of the test system to the atmosphere after gas-liquid separation, liquid returns to the simulation cabin 11 after the change of mass is recorded by a weighing sensor after passing through a weighing water tank 18, the change of the liquid mass and the rule of the liquid are used for representing the change rule of the gas entrainment liquid, and the flow state and change analysis of the multiphase flow can obtain the working process and mechanism of the entrainment of the small flow.
The air compressor station 1 generates compressed air to charge the air storage tank 2, and stops charging when the pressure of the test requirement is reached, and starts and stops the test by opening or closing the air delivery main valve 3, and when the air delivery main valve 3 is opened, the air stored in the air storage tank 2 flows through the filter 4, the vortex shedding flowmeter 5, the temperature measuring bent 6, the No. 1 pressure measuring bent 7, the pressure regulating valve 8, the No. 2 pressure measuring bent 9, the composite spray pipe 10, the simulation cabin 11, the large T pipe 12 or the small T pipe 13, the weighing water tank 14 and finally is discharged to the atmosphere. Before the test, the flow channel of the composite spray pipe 10 is selected according to the flow rate of test gas, the composite spray pipe 10 is provided with five flow channels, namely an upper binary spray pipe flow channel, a right binary spray pipe flow channel, a lower binary spray pipe flow channel, a left binary spray pipe flow channel and a central ternary spray pipe flow channel, each flow channel can independently realize supersonic flow, a gate valve is arranged at the inlet of the flow channel and is used for controlling the flow state of the flow channel, the control principle is that the flow channel through which gas passes is selected according to the different flow rates of test requirements, the central ternary spray pipe is used for controlling the flow rate of air when the middle flow rate section is the flow rate (10% -50%) of the most common test working condition, the upper binary spray pipe and the lower binary spray pipe are combined for realizing the flow rate (less than 10%) control of the micro test working condition when the flow rate (less than 10%) of the micro test working condition is carried out, and the central ternary spray pipe, the right binary spray pipe and the left binary spray pipe are used for realizing the flow rate control of the large flow test working condition when the flow rate control (50% -100%) of the large flow test working condition is carried out. The valve core of the pressure regulating valve 7 is pre-arranged at an initial position at the beginning of a test, a temperature sensor arranged on the temperature measuring bent 6 outputs a gas total temperature signal when gas flows through the temperature measuring bent 6, a first correction input parameter is provided for gas flow correction and regulation, a pressure sensor arranged on the pressure measuring bent 7 when gas flows through the 1# pressure measuring bent 7 collects gas total pressure, a second input parameter is provided for gas pressure regulation, a pressure sensor arranged on the 2# pressure measuring bent 9 when gas flows through the 2# pressure measuring bent 9 collects gas total pressure, a third input parameter is provided for gas pressure regulation, a high-precision pressure regulating valve 8 and a composite spray pipe 10 are used, the 1# pressure measuring bent 7 and the 2# pressure measuring bent 9 are combined with the temperature measuring bent 6, the composite spray pipe 10 can reasonably match flow and pressure according to test flow requirements, the pressure regulating valve 8 is enabled to be always in an optimal range of pressure regulating characteristics, and the valve core is provided according to a preset dynamic flow regulating valve opening position response function according to the pressure signal collected by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring bent 6 and the pressure sensor on the 2# pressure measuring bent 9, and then the valve core is regulated according to a preset flow dynamic flow regulating principle. The size of the T pipe used is determined before the test is carried out, and the corresponding T pipe stop valve is opened. The gas after adjustment gets into simulation cabin 11 and carries the water, test solution or the reaction fuse effect of entrainment demand to simulation cabin 11 with transfer line 14 and forms the entrainment phenomenon, install mass flowmeter 15 on transfer line 14, mass flowmeter 15 is used for providing liquid input parameter, accurate aassessment carries the reaction volume of carrying, if carry out the high-flow and carry out the test, then be responsible for with the big T pipe 12 of simulation cabin 11 lateral wall middle part horizontal direction and form the test circuit, big T pipe 12 is big flow and carry test section, carry the mixture and upwards move along big T pipe branch pipe, leave big T pipe 12 and be responsible for, gas-liquid separation back gas outflow test system to the atmosphere, the liquid returns simulation cabin 11 after being recorded the quality change by weighing sensor after weighing water tank 18, analysis test data, accomplish a test.
The basic flow is that the air compressor station supplies gas with certain pressure to the gas storage tank, the gas passes through the air compressor station, the gas storage tank, the gas transmission main valve, the filter, the vortex shedding flowmeter, the temperature measuring bent, the pressure regulating valve, the pressure measuring bent and the composite spray pipe, and then enters the simulation cabin, the large T pipe and the small T pipe, and the reactant in the transfusion pipe enters the simulation cabin to form gas-liquid-solid mixed solution with the gas. The liquid level in the initial state of the liquid in the simulation cabin is higher, the main pipe of the small T pipe is filled with the solution, the small T stop valve is opened, the large T stop valve is closed, the constant small air volume test is carried out, the intermittent entrainment is gradually established and stable entrainment is formed along with the reduction of the liquid level during the simulation accident, the entrained mixture is subjected to gas-liquid separation after passing through the small T pipe, the liquid is subjected to the recording of the entrained liquid mass by the weighing sensor of the weighing water tank, the gas is discharged out from the test system to the atmosphere, the multiphase flow flowing state in the simulation cabin and the small T pipe is recorded, the liquid level change rate and the entrainment gap interval are analyzed, the entrainment phenomenon reduction work is completed, the large air volume entrainment test can be carried out after the small air volume entrainment test is finished, the small T stop valve is closed, the large T stop valve is opened, and the rest processes are the same as the small entrainment test.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A multiphase flow control system, characterized by: the device comprises a simulation cabin, a gas conveying unit, a solution conveying unit, an output unit and a collecting unit, wherein the gas conveying unit is connected to the bottom central part of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the solution conveying unit is connected to the lower part of the side wall of the simulation cabin through a pipeline, the output unit is installed on the upper part of the side wall of the simulation cabin, the output unit is communicated with the collecting unit, the gas conveying unit can be used for adjusting large-span flow of various flows, and the collecting unit is arranged above the simulation cabin obliquely;
the gas conveying unit comprises a gas storage tank, a temperature measurement bent, a pressure regulating valve and a composite spray pipe, wherein the composite spray pipe comprises a stabilizing section, a spray pipe section and a diffusion section, the spray pipe section is a combination of a central ternary spray pipe with a cuboid outer contour and four binary spray pipes with upper, lower, left and right side walls of the ternary spray pipe as bottom walls, four gate valves are arranged at the inlet of the spray pipe section, the inlets of the four binary spray pipes are respectively closed or opened, and the closing or opening of the central ternary spray pipe is realized through the left gate valve and the right gate valve;
the composite spray pipe is provided with five flow passages, namely an upper binary spray pipe flow passage, a right binary spray pipe flow passage, a lower binary spray pipe flow passage, a left binary spray pipe flow passage and a central ternary spray pipe flow passage, wherein each flow passage can independently realize supersonic flow, a gate valve is arranged at the inlet of the flow passage and is used for controlling the flow state of the flow passage, the control principle is that the flow passage through which gas passes is selected according to different test requirement flow rates, the central ternary spray pipe is used for controlling the flow rate of air flow when the flow of a middle flow section is used, the upper binary spray pipe and the lower binary spray pipe are combined to realize the flow control of a micro-quantity test working condition when the flow of the micro-quantity test working condition is carried out, and the central ternary spray pipe, the right binary spray pipe and the left binary spray pipe are used for realizing the flow control of a large-flow test working condition when the flow control of the large-flow test working condition is carried out.
2. The multiphase flow control system of claim 1, wherein: the five spray pipe flow passages of the composite spray pipe can realize supersonic flow.
3. The multiphase flow control system of claim 1, wherein: the gas conveying unit also comprises a vortex shedding flowmeter and a temperature measuring bent for monitoring the pressure of the gas storage tank.
4. The multiphase flow control system of claim 1, wherein: the output unit comprises a T-shaped pipeline and a throttle valve, one end of a horizontal pipeline horizontally arranged on the T-shaped pipeline is communicated with the simulation cabin, the other end of the horizontal pipeline is blocked, and an intermediate vertical pipeline is communicated with the collecting unit through a stop valve.
5. The multiphase flow control system of claim 4, wherein: the T-shaped pipeline comprises a small T pipe with a smaller pipeline diameter and a large T pipe with a thicker pipeline diameter, wherein the small T pipe and the large T pipe are arranged side by side up and down, and the small T pipe is located above.
6. The multiphase flow control system of claim 4, wherein: the collecting unit comprises a weighing water tank and a weighing sensor, wherein the weighing water tank and the weighing sensor can conduct gas-liquid separation.
7. The multiphase flow control system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: and a return pipe is arranged between the weighing water tank and the simulation cabin, and a stop valve is arranged on the return pipe.
CN201711422754.6A 2017-12-25 2017-12-25 Multiphase flow control system Active CN108089603B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108896453B (en) * 2018-06-21 2021-03-23 天津大学 Multi-parameter adjustable mist flow experiment system
CN110514400B (en) * 2019-08-15 2021-01-26 北京理工大学 Array type controllable two-phase flow field generating device

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