CN103594128A - Experiment device and experiment method for simulating blowout depressurization of fourth-stage automatic depressurization system for reactor - Google Patents
Experiment device and experiment method for simulating blowout depressurization of fourth-stage automatic depressurization system for reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experiment device and an experiment method for simulating blowout depressurization of a fourth-stage automatic depressurization system for a reactor. The experiment device comprises a pressure container, a T-shaped tube experiment section, a steam-water separator, a capturing water tank, a heating water tank, a second filter and a high-temperature pump, wherein a horizontal heat tube section of the pressure container is connected with a horizontal branch tube of the T-shaped tube experiment section; a vertical branch tube of the T-shaped tube experiment section is connected with the capturing water tank through the steam-water separator; the capturing water tank is connected with the heating water tank through a pipeline; the heating water tank is connected with a water inlet of the pressure container through the filter, the high-temperature pump and a preheating section. The experiment device can execute two experiments for converting air into water and converting steam into water; the air-to-water experiment can be used for executing mechanism-based experiments such as entrainment start and a steady-state entrainment rate, and the steam-to-water experiment can be used for executing the mechanism-based experiments and also executing a blowout pressure release simulation experiment of the ADS-4 (fourth-stage automatic depressurization system). The experiment device has the advantages of high safety, high experiment data precision, easiness in mounting and maintenance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to experimental provision technical field, be specifically related to the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of a kind of mock-up reactor (ADS-4) and spurt compression experiment device and the method for unloading.
Background technology
In AP1000, the function of Automatic Depressurization System (Automatic Depressurization System, ADS) is to pacify notes with reactor coolant loop pressure during controlled mode reduction accident.ADS is comprised of level Four step-down valve, and the 1st, 2,3 grades of step-down pipelines are all taken over and are connected with voltage stabilizer, and pipeline outlet is connected with a sprinkler in the built-in material-changing water tank of containment.The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System ADS-4 is connected with reactor heat pipe section, by the discharge of steam in reactor in containment environment, to reach step-down object.After ADS-4 valve open, being accompanied by a large amount of steam flows out from ADS-4 arm, near water in heat pipe section ADS-4 arm can be entrained out by air-flow at a high speed, reduced cooling medium storage in reactor, if liquid level is lower than fuel assembly height in heap, may cause fuel rod oxidation, expand, even comprise the major accident of core meltdown.When reactor pressure is down to about 0.18MPa, the built-in material-changing water tank of containment starts to inject, and in pressure vessel, liquid level starts quick rising.Liquid level when the built-in material-changing water tank of containment starts to inject in pressure vessel is minimum, should guarantee in reactor, to still have higher safe liquid level when system pressure is down to 0.18MPa.Therefore the rate of pressure reduction of system and the water amount of carrying secretly of ADS-4 arm are significant to reactor system safety after research ADS-4 valve opening.
Current Domestic is outer, and to take, water that reactor is background is carried secretly and the research of ADS-4 correlation theory is less, still can not grasp system step-down rule, pressure vessel liquid level changing down and ADS-4 arm entrainment rate after ADS-4 valve opening.Such as in reactor system analysis software RELAP5 due to its defect of carrying model secretly, underestimated the water yield being entrained with from ADS-4T type arm, major accident operating mode that can not Accurate Prediction Core uncovering.Done a large amount of clamping belt conveyer rationality experiments abroad, these experiments do not relate to reactor engineering background, and initial the carrying secretly with entrainment rate of mainly studying under gas with various flow and horizontal tube liquid level tested.The experiment that the reactor of take is engineering background is less, and associated stand has APEX, ATLATS and SPES-2 etc.
The flat main leg of T-shaped pipe band mechanism Water In The Experiment often has larger difference with actual response heap with the diameter ratio of vertical arm, and mainly head of research's section is carrying secretly under laminar flow or STATIC CORRECTION USING APPROXIMATE LAYER stream mode, and flow state is single.The T-shaped pipe band experiment that relatively more typical experiment has REIMANN to carry out with Air-Water in the 1984 Nian Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Technology.Smoglie utilizes experimental data to obtain carrying secretly initial criterion formula and entrainment rate formula, wherein carry initial model secretly and be applied to (C.SMOGLIE in RELAP5MOD3.2, J.REIMANN.TWO-PHASE FLOW THROUGH SMALL BRANCHES IN A HORIZONTAL PIPE WITH STRATIFIED FLOW.Int J Multiphase Flow Vol12.No4.pp609-625,1986).Supervisor's internal diameter of this experiment is 0.206m, adopts respectively 0.006,0.008,0.012, the arm of tetra-kinds of different inner diameters of 0.020m carried out initial carrying secretly with entrainment rate and tested.The arm of actual response heap is 0.58 left and right with main leg's diameter ratio, and this to test maximum arm be 0.097 with predominant tube diameter ratio, therefore differ larger with actual response heap.In addition, this experiment only relates to stratified flow research, but actual response is piled the complex flow in heat pipe section, disorder is piled bubble flow, undulating flow, the slug flow equal flow type in heat pipe section therefore experimental data is suitable for actual response.
ADS-4 spurts release simulated experiment and mainly contains APEX, VAPORE, SPES-2 and ATLATS.APEX, VAPORE and SPES-2 etc. is comprehensive experiment stand, studies more whole effect, for carrying the mechanism such as initial secretly, does not carry out individual event effect experiment, but as the ingredient checking of comprehensive effect experiment.ATLATS experimental provision be take AP600 and as prototype, has been carried out ADS-4 and spurt release experiment, and obtain carrying secretly initial sum stable state entrainment rate Empirical Equation (K.B.Welter, Q.Wu, Experimental investigation and theoretical modeling of liquid entrainment in a horizontal tee with a vertical-up branch, International Journal of Multiphase Flow30,1451-1484,2004).But this experimental pressure is a little higher than atmospheric pressure only, and corresponding pressure is about 0.6MPa during for AP100010 inch cut ADS-4 valve opening, therefore this experiment can not be simulated ADS-4 completely, spurts release operating mode.In addition, ATLATS experiment is cold conditions experiment, and employing Air-Water is as medium, does not consider that physical property between air and water vapor, mass-energy exchange etc. are on the impact of carrying secretly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing experimental provision, provide the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of a kind of reactor to spurt release analogue experiment installation and method, this experimental provision can disclose that T-shaped pipe is initial to be carried secretly and entrainment rate mechanism, and can mock-up reactor after ADS-4 valve opening, carry phenomenon and system rate of pressure reduction secretly in minor break accident sequence, for program provides experimental verification.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation, comprises pressure vessel, T-shaped pipe experimental section, steam-water separator, trapping water tank, heating water tank, the second filtrator and high-temperature pump; The Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel is connected with the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section; The vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section is connected with trapping water tank through steam-water separator; Trapping water tank connects heating water tank by pipeline; Heating water tank is connected with the water inlet of pressure vessel through filter, high-temperature pump, preheating section successively.
The present invention further improves and is: the Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel and the water inlet of pressure vessel are all arranged at the sidewall of pressure vessel; The Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel is arranged at the water inlet top of pressure vessel.
The present invention further improves and is: in heating water tank and pressure vessel, be provided with some groups of heating rods.
The present invention further improves and is: the two parallel conducting probe that is inserted with measurement liquid level on the polytetrafluoroethylene gasket between the glass flange of the horizontal pipeline section of T-shaped pipe experimental section and stainless steel pipes flange.
The present invention further improves and is: the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of described reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation and also comprise air compressor, gas-holder and the first filtrator; The entrance of gas-holder is connected with air compressor, and the outlet of gas-holder is connected with the air intake of pressure vessel bottom through the first filtrator.
The present invention further improves and is: the diameter of T-shaped pipe experimental section horizontal branch pipe is 140mm, and vertically the diameter of arm is 80mm.
The present invention further improves and is: the Horizontal heat pipe section porch of pressure vessel is provided with cellular constant-current stabilizer; Described constant-current stabilizer is the corrosion resistant plate of wall thickness 20mm, diameter 140mm, and is evenly distributed with some through holes; Constant-current stabilizer outer edge surface is processed with external thread, with the screw-internal thread fit of pressure vessel Horizontal heat pipe section porch processing.
The present invention further improves and is: T-shaped pipe experimental section adopting quartz glass is made, and is double-decker; The edge of T-shaped pipe experimental section is provided with glass flange; T-shaped pipe experimental section is by stainless-steel tube Bonding pressure container and steam-water separator with steel flange; The sandwich of glass flange has the first aluminium flange and the second aluminium flange, between the steel flange of the second aluminium flange and corresponding connection, is lined with the 3rd aluminium flange; Between the first aluminium flange, the second aluminium flange and glass, be provided with polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, between the second aluminium flange and the 3rd aluminium flange, be also provided with polytetrafluoroethylene gasket; Corresponding the first aluminium flange, the second aluminium flange, the 3rd aluminium flange and steel flange are bolted connection, and are provided with in bolt one side the spring that homogenizing is applied to glass flange upper stress.
The present invention further improves and is: the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of described reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation and also comprise some temperature sensors (T), two liquid level sensors (L), some pressure transducers and readable formula tensimeter, some pressure reduction measuring points (DP), LOAD CELLS and two flow sensors;
The vertical arm place of the gas zone of heating water tank outlet, preheating section import and export, pressure vessel, the outlet of Horizontal heat pipe section and T-shaped pipe experimental section is equipped with temperature sensor (T), and temperature adopts thermal resistance to measure everywhere;
T-shaped pipe experimental section two ends interface is furnished with two liquid level sensors (L), utilizes conducting probe to carry out level gauging;
In pressure vessel and heating water tank, be furnished with pressure transducer and readable formula tensimeter;
A liquid level that is used for measuring in pressure vessel in described some pressure reduction measuring points (DP), a gateway pressure reduction that is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section, one is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section and the vertical pressure reduction between arm;
Described LOAD CELLS is arranged in the below of trapping water tank, for measuring the quality of water entrainment;
Before two flow sensors are arranged in the entrance of preheating section and the gas outlet of steam-water separator.
The present invention further improves and is: the vertical arm top of T-shaped pipe experimental section is connected with stainless-steel tube, is provided with the ball valve of the quick start operating performance of simulation ADS-4 valve on this stainless steel pipeline section.
The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, comprises the following steps:
First, will in heating water tank, fill with water and heat, when the water in heating water tank is heated to saturation temperature, turning off heating water tank power supply and be incubated;
Then, open heating water tank outlet valve, the water in heating water tank enters preheating section after filter and high-temperature pump pressurization, and preheating section is provided with the heating arrangement of the thermal loss of compensation heating water tank; Regulate preheating section power, the water entering before pressure vessel is heated to state of saturation;
The power of heating rod in pressure of pressure vessel, provides the saturation water required latent heat of vaporizing, and makes fractional saturation water vapor, produces water vapour; The steam producing in pressure vessel flows into T-shaped pipe experimental section by Horizontal heat pipe section; High-temperature steam is entrained with water to weighing measurement steam-water separator from T-shaped pipe experimental section;
Wherein, in order to maintain the constant pressure in heating water tank, in experiment, utilize nitrogen to heating water tank voltage stabilizing.
The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, comprises the following steps:
First the ball valve on the vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section top is closed, heating water tank is connected with nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen cylinder supply gas pressure is set as to 0.6MPa; When the water in heating water tank is heated to saturation temperature corresponding to 0.6MPa, turn off heating power supply, open heating water tank outlet valve to water filling in pressure vessel until arrive a certain liquid level of pressure vessel; Close high-temperature pump, progressively the power supply of opening pressure container inner heating device, to full power, is opened the ball valve on the vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section when vessel internal pressure power reaches 0.6MPa, and data and pressure data carried secretly in record.
The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, comprises the following steps:
Normal-temperature water in heating water tank is directly delivered to pressure vessel by high-temperature pump, makes the interior level stability of pressure vessel between the highs and lows of Horizontal heat pipe section bore;
Air is pressurizeed by gas-holder feed pressure container by air compressor; Air injects from pressure vessel bottom, and by Horizontal heat pipe section outflow pressure container and enter T-shaped pipe experimental section, upwards the air-flow of baffling is carried water secretly at a high speed, the steam water interface steam-water separator of upwards flowing through; The final trapping water tank that flows into after steam-water separator separation, trapping water tank bottom is equipped with LOAD CELLS measures water entrainment flow.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1. experimental provision of the present invention can carry out Air-Water experiment and the experiment of steam-water, can realization response heap cut accident under ADS-4 spurt release etc. physical property simulate;
2. this experimental provision can be realized the visual of key position experimental phenomena; At pressure vessel heat pipe section opposite side, have visualization window, can monitor the flow pattern in heat pipe section; T-shaped pipe experimental section adopts double-deck quartz glass to make, and can realize that to carry phenomenon secretly visual;
3. adopt the method for designing of pressure vessel, preheating section and heating water tank independent heating can effectively reduce loop electric load;
4. heating water tank and pressure vessel are provided with the maltilevel security devices such as pressure transducer, readable formula pressure gauge, liquid level gauge, safety valve, visual window, liquid level alarm, have improved experiment safety.
In a word, this experimental loop can utilize Air-Water, steam-water to spurt release phenomenon to T-shaped pipe band and ADS-4 to simulate.T-shaped pipe experimental section adopts double-deck quartz glass to make, and realizes carrying phenomenon secretly and having reduced the heat radiation of experimental section to environment visual time.During experiment, to pressure vessel, preheating section and heating water tank independent heating, can effectively reduce loop electric load.Many places pressure, level monitoring and warning device are housed on heating water tank and pressure vessel, have improved experiment safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is that the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor of the present invention spurts release analogue experiment installation schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is T-shaped pipe experimental section schematic diagram (containing vertical arm and stainless-steel tube connected mode);
Fig. 3 is pressure vessel outlet constant-current stabilizer vertical view;
Fig. 4 is pressure vessel outlet constant-current stabilizer cut-open view.
Wherein: 1, air compressor; 2, gas-holder; 3, the first filtrator; 4, air bypass; 5, pressure vessel; 6, T-shaped pipe experimental section; 7, steam-water separator; 8, trapping water tank; 9, heating water tank; 10, the second filtrator; 11, high-temperature pump; 12, preheating section; 13, pump discharge bypass; 601, aluminium flange joint; 602, quartz glass; 603, polytetrafluoroethylene gasket.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Referring to described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of a kind of reactor of the present invention spurts release analogue experiment installation, comprises air compressor 1, gas-holder 2, the first filtrator 3, pressure vessel 5, T-shaped pipe experimental section 6, steam-water separator 7, trapping water tank 8, heating water tank 9, the second filtrator 10 and high-temperature pump 11; The entrance of gas-holder 2 is connected with air compressor 1, and the outlet of gas-holder 2 is connected with the air intake of pressure vessel 5 through the first filtrator 3; The Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel 5 is connected with the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6; The vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 (being equivalent to ADS-4 arm) is connected with trapping water tank 8 through steam-water separator 7; Trapping water tank 8 connects heating water tank 9 by pipeline; Heating water tank 9 is connected with the water inlet of pressure vessel 5 through the second filtrator 10, high-temperature pump 11, preheating section 12 successively.
In heating water tank 9, be provided with some groups of heating rods; In pressure vessel 5, be provided with 24 groups of heating rods.
The experimental pressure of experimental provision of the present invention is 0.1～1.0Mpa, and maximum operating temperature is 180 ℃.Horizontal heat pipe section porch at pressure vessel 5 is provided with cellular constant-current stabilizer, constant-current stabilizer is the corrosion resistant plate of wall thickness 20mm, diameter 140mm, and be evenly distributed with some through holes, at corrosion resistant plate outer edge surface, be processed with external thread, with the screw-internal thread fit of pressure vessel 5 Horizontal heat pipe section porch processing, be convenient to be installed on dismounting.On the relative housing of the Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel 5, be provided with visualization window.T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 adopting quartz glass are made, and it is double-decker.The conveyance conduit of this experimental provision, steam-water separator etc., except visualized operation, adopt heat-preservation cotton to be coated with the heat radiation reducing to environment.In order to meet junction sealing and stressed uniform requirement, processed 6 aluminum non-standard flanges 601, will be wherein three flanges 601 utilize line cutting to be inserted in afterwards in two on glass tube to coordinate with three glass flanges.Distortion while being connected with steel flange bolt for fear of divided aluminium flange, an aluminium flange will be encased inside between aluminium flange and steel flange, between two aluminium flanges and aluminium flange and glass flange, all add tetrafluoro packing pad with between buffering glass and stainless steel because being connected the stress producing, and add spring to be applied to the stress on glass flange with homogenizing in bolt one side.The two parallel conducting probe of measuring liquid level is inserted on the polytetrafluoroethylene gasket 603 between level T-shaped glass experimental section flange and stainless steel pipes flange.
Further, experimental provision of the present invention also comprises: several temperature sensors (T), it is arranged in the vertical arm place of gas zone, the outlet of Horizontal heat pipe section and the T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 of the first filtrator 3 outlets, heating water tank 9 outlets, preheating section 12 import and export, pressure vessel 5, and temperature adopts thermal resistance to measure everywhere; Two liquid level sensors (L), it is arranged in T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 two ends interfaces, utilizes conducting probe to carry out level gauging; Several pressure transducers and readable formula tensimeter, it is arranged in gas-holder 2, pressure vessel 5 and heating water tank 9; A plurality of pressure reduction measuring points (DP), a liquid level that is used for measuring in pressure vessel, a gateway pressure reduction that is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6; One is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 and the pressure reduction between vertical arm.The quality of water entrainment is measured by LOAD CELLS, and it is arranged in the below of trapping water tank 8; Two flow sensors, before it is arranged in the entrance of preheating section 12 and the gas outlet of steam-water separator 7.
Experimental provision of the present invention also comprises several fluid-flow control apparatus, wherein: the air mass flow that enters pressure vessel 5 can regulate by the variable valve between air bypass 4 and pressure vessel 5 and gas-holder 2; Discharge is by regulating the control valve opening in pump discharge bypass 13 to control; Between high-temperature pump 11 and pressure vessel 5, be connected to non-return valve, in case during the release of non-return road the water in pressure vessel 5 because Action of Gravity Field flows backwards; The vertical arm top of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 is connected with stainless-steel tube, at this stainless steel pipeline section, is provided with ball valve, to simulate the quick start operating performance of ADS-4 valve of AP1000.
The 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of a kind of reactor of the present invention spurts release analogue experiment installation can carry out Air-Water, two kinds of experiments of water vapour-water, utilizes Air-Water mainly to carry out the mechanism experiments such as T-shaped pipe band initial sum stable state entrainment rate.When utilizing water vapor-water to carry out mechanism experiment, also to carry out reactor ADS-4 and spurt release simulated experiment.
In Air-Water experiment, air is by air compressor 1 pressurization by gas-holder 2 and the first filtrator 3 feed pressure containers 5, and the air mass flow that enters pressure vessel 5 can regulate by air bypass 4 and the variable valve before it.During Air-Water experiment,, to heating water tank 9 and preheating section 12 heating, normal-temperature water is not directly delivered to pressure vessel 5 by high-temperature pump 11.By the control valve opening in pump discharge bypass 13, regulate and enter the flow in pressure vessel 5, and then the interior liquid level of pressure of pressure vessel 5, make the interior level stability of pressure vessel 5 between the highs and lows of Horizontal heat pipe section bore.Air injects from pressure vessel 5 bottoms, therefore air can produce larger fluctuation while arriving liquid level, while doing mechanism experiment, stable in order to guarantee the flow pattern in Horizontal heat pipe section, Horizontal heat pipe section porch at pressure vessel 5 installs cellular constant-current stabilizer (as shown in Figure 4) additional, the impact of the level fluctuation in the container 5 that can ease off the pressure like this on Horizontal heat pipe section flow pattern.Air is by Horizontal heat pipe section outflow pressure container and enter T-shaped pipe experimental section 6, and at a high speed upwards the air-flow of baffling is carried water secretly, the steam water interface steam-water separator 7 of upwards flowing through.In order to realize the visual of experimental phenomena, T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 adopting quartz glass are made.In order to reduce to greatest extent the heat dissipation at experimental section place in hot experiment, T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 is designed to double-layer glass structure.Because the vertical arm diameter of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 is less, (diameter of horizontal branch pipe is 140mm, vertically the diameter of arm is 80mm), therefore vertically in arm, air velocity is obviously greater than horizontal branch pipe, vertically the water at arm place is because the differential pressure action that Bernoulli effect causes is upwards entrained out from vertical arm by air, the final trapping water tank 8 that flows into after steam-water separator 7 separation, LOAD CELLS measurement water entrainment flow is equipped with in trapping water tank 8 bottoms.When 8 liquid level is higher in trapping water tank, open the pipeline valve that connects 8, heating water tank 9 and trapping water tank, utilize gravity that 8 water in trapping water tank is emptying.
In the experiment of water vapor-water, air-source and air are transported to pipeline unloading, or the gas admittance valve of air compressor 1 cuts out.Adopt heating water tank 9, preheating section 12, heating rod combined heat to produce the required steam rates of experiment.First utilize centrifugal pump in heating water tank 9, to fill with water and to heat, heating water tank 9 adopts heating rod heating, and total heating power is 200kW, and design pressure is 1.0MPa, is mainly used in preheating entering the water of experimental section.Consider that experimental provision total electricity consumption is larger, in order to reduce laboratory electricity consumption, electrical network is impacted, when the water in heating water tank 9 is heated to and approaches saturation temperature, turn off heating water tank 9 power supplys, only it is incubated.Open heating water tank 9 outlet valves, the water in heating water tank 9 enters preheating section 12 after high-temperature pump 11 pressurizations, and the design temperature of high-temperature pump 11 is up to 180 ℃, and the porch of high-temperature pump 11 is equipped with 10 pairs of water of the second filtrator and is purified.Preheating section 12 general powers are 150kW, adopt the heating of two point form direct-electrifying, are mainly used in water temperature to finely tune, and the thermal loss of compensation heating water tank 9, regulates preheating section 12 power, and the water entering before pressure vessel 5 is heated to state of saturation.In pressure vessel 5, being furnished with 24 groups of heating rods provides water vapor required latent heat, and total heating power is 350kW, and the saturation water being mainly in pressure vessel 5 provides the latent heat of vaporization, can be by changing heating rod power adjustments steam production.The steam of pressure vessel 5 interior generations flows into T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 by Horizontal heat pipe section.High-temperature steam is entrained with water to weighing measurement steam-water separator from T-shaped pipe experimental section.While carrying out Steady Experimental, for flowing in maintenance level heat pipe section, at heat pipe section entrance, install constant-current stabilizer additional.In Horizontal heat pipe section, flow pattern is entrained with considerable influence to T-shaped pipe experimental section 6, while carrying the experiment of release transient simulation secretly, the constant-current stabilizer of dismantling, distance between pressure vessel 5 and T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 is determining mobile full-blown degree, this experimental basis prototype reactor size designs this distance, and the horizontal range that pressure vessel 5 exports to the VERTICAL TUBE center of T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 is 561mm.In High-Voltage Experimentation, along with the liquid level of carrying out in heating water tank 9 of testing constantly reduces, the pressure in heating water tank 9 reduces simultaneously, thereby causes high-temperature water to be vaporized in a large number, and high-temperature pump 11 causes the problem that high-temperature pump 11 cavitates after sucking steam.In order to maintain the constant pressure in heating water tank 9, in experiment, utilize nitrogen to heating water tank 9 voltage stabilizings.In experiment, the employing heat-preservation cotton such as omnidistance pipeline, steam-water separator 7 is coated with the heat radiation reducing to environment, reduces experiment uncertainty.
When being ADS-4 and spurting release simulated experiment, first by the valve closing on the T-shaped vertical arm of pipe experimental section 6 (ADS-4 arm) top, heating water tank 9 is connected with nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen cylinder supply gas pressure is set as to 0.6MPa, corresponding to pressure corresponding to ADS-4 valve opening in 10 inches of minor break accidents.When the water in heating water tank 9 is heated to approach saturation temperature corresponding to 0.6MPa, turn off heating power supply, open heating water tank 9 outlet valves to the interior water filling of pressure vessel 5 until arrive a certain liquid level of pressure vessel 5.Close high-temperature pump 11, progressively the interior power supply of opening pressure container 5, to full power, is opened the ball valve on the T-shaped vertical arm of pipe experimental section 6 (ADS-4 arm) when pressure transducer indicating value reaches 0.6MPa, and data and pressure data carried secretly in record.
In this experimental provision, there is many places fluid measuring sensor.Temperature point is arranged in air compressor 1 outlet, heating water tank 9 outlets, preheating section 12 import and export, pressure vessel 5 gas zone, pressure vessel 5 outlet of heat pipe section and T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 arm places, and temperature adopts thermal resistance to measure everywhere.Liquid level measuring point is arranged in T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 two ends interfaces, utilizes conducting probe to carry out level gauging.Pressure-measuring-point is arranged in heating water tank 9, pressure vessel 5, gas-holder 2, and pressure adopts pressure sensor is measured and is furnished with readable formula tensimeter everywhere.Pressure reduction measuring point is arranged between pressure vessel 5, T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 front and back and T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 and heat pipe section, is used for respectively the interior liquid level of gaging pressure container 5, T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 front and back pressure reduction and heat pipe section and arm pressure reduction.The quality of water entrainment is measured by LOAD CELLS.Before flow measuring point is arranged in preheating section 12 entrances and steam-water separator 7 exits, adopt respectively mass flowmeter and vortex shedding flow meter to measure the gentle flow of water.Gas-liquid flow regulation in process of the test relies on valve and electric power change everywhere to regulate.
Zhong You many places, loop fluid-flow control apparatus.Air mass flow adopts air compressor 1, air bypass 4 and variable valve to control.Discharge is by regulating the control valve opening in pump discharge bypass 13 to control.Water when being connected to non-return valve after high-temperature pump 11 and preventing loop release in pressure vessel is because Action of Gravity Field flows backwards.The stainless steel pipeline section on T-shaped pipe experimental section 6 vertical arm tops is provided with ball valve with the quick start operating performance of simulation ADS-4 valve.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention; can not assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention only limits to this; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention and determine scope of patent protection by submitted to claims.
Claims (10)
1. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: comprise pressure vessel (5), T-shaped pipe experimental section (6), steam-water separator (7), trapping water tank (8), heating water tank (9), the second filtrator (10) and high-temperature pump (11); The Horizontal heat pipe section of pressure vessel (5) is connected with the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6); The vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) is connected with trapping water tank (8) through steam-water separator (7); Trapping water tank (8) connects heating water tank (9) by pipeline; Heating water tank (9) is passed through successively filter, high-temperature pump (11), preheating section (12) and is connected with the water inlet of pressure vessel (5).
2. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of described reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation and also comprise air compressor (1), gas-holder (2) and the first filtrator (3); The entrance of gas-holder (2) is connected with air compressor (1), and the outlet of gas-holder (2) is connected with the air intake of pressure vessel (5) bottom through the first filtrator (3).
3. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: the diameter of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) horizontal branch pipe is 140mm, and vertically the diameter of arm is 80mm.
4. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: the Horizontal heat pipe section porch of pressure vessel (5) is provided with cellular constant-current stabilizer; Described constant-current stabilizer is the corrosion resistant plate of wall thickness 20mm, diameter 140mm, and is evenly distributed with some through holes; Constant-current stabilizer outer edge surface is processed with external thread, with the screw-internal thread fit of pressure vessel (5) Horizontal heat pipe section porch processing.
5. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) adopting quartz glass is made, and is double-decker; The edge of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) is provided with glass flange; T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) is by the stainless-steel tube Bonding pressure container (5) with steel flange and steam-water separator (7); The sandwich of glass flange has the first aluminium flange and the second aluminium flange, between the steel flange of the second aluminium flange and corresponding connection, is lined with the 3rd aluminium flange; Between the first aluminium flange, the second aluminium flange and glass, be provided with polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, between the second aluminium flange and the 3rd aluminium flange, be also provided with polytetrafluoroethylene gasket; Corresponding the first aluminium flange, the second aluminium flange, the 3rd aluminium flange and steel flange are bolted connection, and are provided with in bolt one side the spring that homogenizing is applied to glass flange upper stress.
6. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of described reactor spurts release analogue experiment installation and also comprise some temperature sensors (T), two liquid level sensors (L), some pressure transducers and readable formula tensimeter, some pressure reduction measuring points (DP), LOAD CELLS and two flow sensors;
The vertical arm place of the gas zone of heating water tank (9) outlet, preheating section (12) import and export, pressure vessel (5), the outlet of Horizontal heat pipe section and T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) is equipped with temperature sensor (T), and temperature adopts thermal resistance to measure everywhere;
T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) two ends interface is furnished with two liquid level sensors (L), utilizes conducting probe to carry out level gauging;
In pressure vessel (5) and heating water tank (9), be furnished with pressure transducer and readable formula tensimeter;
A liquid level that is used for measuring in pressure vessel in described some pressure reduction measuring points (DP), a gateway pressure reduction that is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6), one is used for measuring the horizontal branch pipe of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) and the vertical pressure reduction between arm;
Described LOAD CELLS is arranged in the below of trapping water tank (8), for measuring the quality of water entrainment;
Before two flow sensors are arranged in the entrance of preheating section (12) and the gas outlet of steam-water separator (7).
7. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that: the vertical arm top of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) is connected with stainless-steel tube, on this stainless steel pipeline section, be provided with the ball valve of the quick start operating performance of simulation ADS-4 valve.
8. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 1 spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
First, will in heating water tank (9), fill with water and heat, when the water in heating water tank (9) is heated to saturation temperature, turning off heating water tank (9) power supply and be incubated;
Then, open heating water tank (9) outlet valve, the water in heating water tank (9) enters preheating section (12) after filter and high-temperature pump (11) pressurization, and preheating section (12) is provided with the heating arrangement of the thermal loss of compensation heating water tank (9); Regulate preheating section (12) power, by entering the front water of pressure vessel (5), be heated to state of saturation;
The power of the interior heating rod of pressure of pressure vessel (5), provides the saturation water required latent heat of vaporizing, and makes fractional saturation water vapor, produces water vapour; The steam producing in pressure vessel (5) flows into T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) by Horizontal heat pipe section; High-temperature steam is entrained with water to weighing measurement steam-water separator from T-shaped pipe experimental section;
Wherein, in order to maintain the constant pressure in heating water tank (9), in experiment, utilize nitrogen to heating water tank (9) voltage stabilizing.
9. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 7 spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
First the ball valve on the vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) top is closed, heating water tank (9) is connected with nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen cylinder supply gas pressure is set as to 0.6MPa; When the water in heating water tank (9) is heated to saturation temperature corresponding to 0.6MPa, turn off heating power supply, open heating water tank (9) outlet valve to the interior water filling of pressure vessel (5) until arrive a certain liquid level of pressure vessel (5); Close high-temperature pump (11), progressively the power supply of opening pressure container (5) inner heating device, to full power, is opened the ball valve on the vertical arm of T-shaped pipe experimental section (6) when pressure vessel (5) internal pressure reaches 0.6MPa, and data and pressure data carried secretly in record.
10. the 4th grade of Automatic Depressurization System of reactor according to claim 2 spurts the experimental technique of release analogue experiment installation, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Normal-temperature water in heating water tank (9) is directly delivered to pressure vessel (5) by high-temperature pump (11), makes the interior level stability of pressure vessel (5) between the highs and lows of Horizontal heat pipe section bore;
Air is pressurizeed by gas-holder (2) feed pressure container (5) by air compressor (1); Air injects from pressure vessel (5) bottom, and by Horizontal heat pipe section outflow pressure container and enter T-shaped pipe experimental section (6), upwards the air-flow of baffling is carried water secretly at a high speed, the steam water interface steam-water separator (7) of upwards flowing through; After steam-water separator (7) is separated, finally flow into trapping water tank (8), LOAD CELLS measurement water entrainment flow is equipped with in trapping water tank (8) bottom.
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