CN108089143B - Detection circuit and method for voltage dividing circuit parameters and electric energy metering chip - Google Patents
Detection circuit and method for voltage dividing circuit parameters and electric energy metering chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN108089143B CN108089143B CN201711481206.0A CN201711481206A CN108089143B CN 108089143 B CN108089143 B CN 108089143B CN 201711481206 A CN201711481206 A CN 201711481206A CN 108089143 B CN108089143 B CN 108089143B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2503—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques for measuring voltage only, e.g. digital volt meters (DVM's)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/32—Compensating for temperature change
Abstract
The detection circuit for the parameters of the voltage dividing circuit comprises a voltage dividing circuit coupled with a first signal source with a first frequency, wherein the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series, a voltage measuring module is connected to the second voltage divider in parallel, the detection circuit further comprises a second signal source with a second frequency, which is connected with a switch in an input mode, the second signal source is input to the connecting end of the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider, and the voltage measuring module is used for determining whether the circuit parameters of the voltage dividing circuit are abnormal or not by detecting amplitude changes and/or phase changes of signal components with the second frequency on the second voltage divider under the condition that the second signal source is connected with the first signal source. On the premise of not influencing voltage measurement, a detection signal is generated by introducing an alternating current source, and then the detection of each element of the voltage sampling network is completed through a signal processing unit. The detection accuracy is high, and minute changes in the voltage division impedance can be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of voltage detection, and particularly relates to a detection circuit and method for parameters of a voltage dividing circuit and an electric energy metering chip.
Background
In power supply systems, electrical energy measurement generally includes measurement of voltage, current, power, etc., wherein voltage measurement is an indispensable technology in electronic systems. The voltage signal in the environment is currently measured in the metering chip by an internal ADC or an external ADC (Analog to Digital Converter, analog-to-digital converter), however, when measuring the ac signal, the change of the external environment cannot be effectively recognized by the ADC, which may cause measurement errors. Therefore, a measurement circuit and a measurement method employing automatic voltage calibration are required.
In conventional voltage measurement, the voltage to be measured is attenuated to be within the safe range of the input voltage of the ADC through a resistor divider or a voltage transformer, and the digital output converted by the ADC enters an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit) for processing the voltage amplitude and the phase. In high-precision measurement (such as electric power facility monitoring and electricity utilization statistics), the precision of the metering instrument reaches +/-0.5%. This requires that the accuracy of the resistor divider and the voltage measurement path be sufficiently stable. Accurate voltage measurements require the selection of off-chip components with good temperature coefficients and high accuracy. The selection of unsuitable off-chip components can result in a change in the accuracy of the resistive tap ratio or a change in the gain of the voltage measurement channel, which can lead to measurement errors in the voltage. In addition, once the off-chip components in the resistor divider are subjected to various external forces, such as static electricity, overvoltage, surge, etc., changes in the resistor divider ratio may result, which may also cause voltage measurement errors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection circuit and method for parameters of a voltage dividing circuit and an electric energy metering chip, and aims to solve the problems that an existing voltage measuring circuit cannot detect measurement errors and voltage measurement accuracy reduction caused by the change of the voltage dividing ratio of an off-chip component due to the influence of external force.
The invention provides a detection circuit of a voltage division circuit parameter, which comprises a voltage division circuit coupled with a first signal source with a first frequency, wherein the voltage division circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series, a voltage measurement module is connected on the second voltage divider in parallel, the detection circuit also comprises a second signal source with a second frequency, which is connected with a switch, the second signal source is input at the connecting end of the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider, and the voltage measurement module is used for determining whether the circuit parameter of the voltage division circuit is abnormal or not by detecting the amplitude change and/or the phase change of a signal component with the second frequency on the second voltage divider under the condition that the second signal source is connected with the first voltage divider.
Further, a change in the phase of the signal component of the second frequency determines the second voltage divider anomaly, and a change in the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency determines the first voltage divider anomaly.
Further, the second signal source is an alternating current source.
Further, the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider are circuits formed by at least one of resistors, inductors and capacitors.
Further, the second voltage divider comprises a sampling resistor and a sampling capacitor connected in parallel with the sampling resistor.
Further, the phase and the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are changed at the same time to determine that the sampling resistor is abnormal, and the phase and the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are changed to determine that the sampling capacitor is abnormal.
Further, the second frequency is a non-integer multiple of the first frequency.
The invention also provides a method for detecting parameters of a voltage dividing circuit, which comprises the following steps:
loading a first signal source with a first frequency at two ends of the voltage dividing circuit; wherein the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series
A second signal source with a second frequency is connected to the connecting end of the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider through a switch;
determining whether a circuit parameter of the voltage dividing circuit is abnormal by detecting a change in amplitude and/or a change in phase of a signal component of a second frequency at the second voltage divider.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric energy metering chip, which includes the above detection circuit; the voltage dividing circuit is arranged outside the electric energy metering chip.
The invention also provides an electric energy metering chip which comprises a voltage dividing circuit and the detection circuit.
According to the voltage dividing circuit parameter detection circuit and method, the source signal which does not interfere with the measured voltage is applied, the voltage sampling network is used for shunting, the detection signal containing the parameter information of each element of the voltage sampling network is generated at the input end of the voltage measuring module, the signal processing is carried out, and whether the off-chip component is in fault or not is positioned by means of the known information of the signal source, so that the function of accurately positioning the fault source is achieved, the voltage sampling network is detected, the detection precision is high, and the tiny change of the voltage dividing impedance can be detected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage divider circuit parameter detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a second current source in a voltage divider circuit parameter detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switch in a voltage divider circuit parameter detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention in a closed state.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a voltage divider circuit parameter detectionA measuring circuit comprising a first signal source 100 (measuring voltage V m ) The voltage dividing circuit 200 is coupled, the voltage dividing circuit 200 comprises a first voltage divider 202 and a second voltage divider 203 which are connected in series, the second voltage divider 203 is connected with a voltage measuring module 300 in parallel, the detection circuit further comprises a second signal source 404 with a second frequency, the second signal source 404 is connected with a switch S1, the second signal source 404 is input at the connection end of the first voltage divider 202 and the second voltage divider 203, and the voltage measuring module 300 is used for determining whether the circuit parameters of the voltage dividing circuit 200 are abnormal or not by detecting the amplitude change and/or the phase change of the signal component with the second frequency on the second voltage divider 203 under the condition that the second signal source 404 is connected.
The first voltage divider 202 and the second voltage divider 203 are circuits each composed of at least one of a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor. In one embodiment, the first voltage divider 202 includes a first resistor R1, and the second voltage divider 203 includes a sampling resistor R0, so that the sampling capacitor C0 in the figure can be omitted. Then, a change in the phase of the signal component of the second frequency determines that the second voltage divider 203 is abnormal, and a change in the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency determines that the first voltage divider 202 is abnormal.
In another embodiment, the first voltage divider 202 includes a first resistor R1, and the second voltage divider 203 includes a sampling resistor R0 and a sampling capacitor C0 connected in parallel with the sampling resistor R0. In this way, more specifically, the phase and amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are changed at the same time to determine that the sampling resistor R0 is abnormal, and the phase and amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are changed to determine that the sampling capacitor C0 is abnormal.
In this embodiment, the first signal source 100 provides a measured voltage (line voltage) Vs, the second signal source 404 is a high-precision ac current source Itest, the measured voltage Vs is different from the ac current source Itest in frequency, and the second frequency is a non-integer multiple of the first frequency. For example, when the measured voltage Vs has a frequency of 50Hz, the ac current source Itest may be selected to have a frequency of 432Hz. In a preferred embodiment, the alternating current source Itest is mainly a current source generated by a reference voltage source in combination with a resistor. The actual current source internal circuit can control the output waveform of the current source to be an alternating current signal through the switch S1.
The voltage measurement module 300 comprises an analog-to-digital conversion unit 305 and a digital signal processing unit 306. In the present invention, the detection signal is generated at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 305 through the voltage division circuit 200, and the detection signal is generated into a detection value through the digital signal processing unit 306.
The first switch S1 is a MOS transistor, and is mainly used for controlling the access of an ac current source Itest, and the state of the first switch S1 is ensured by reasonably controlling the time sequence of the switch signal generator. The first switch S1 may be opened during normal measurement, and the first switch S1 may be closed when it is required to detect whether the parameters of the voltage dividing circuit 200 are faulty.
Referring to FIG. 2, as a preferred embodiment, the second signal source 404 comprises an operational amplifier Amp, a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2 and a third resistor R ext2 。
The inverting input of the operational amplifier Amp is connected with the reference voltage V REF The output end is connected with the control ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2, and the non-inverting input end is connected with the low potential end of the first switching tube Q1 and passes through a third resistor R ext2 The high potential ends of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are grounded and connected with a power supply voltage VCC, and the low potential end of the second switch tube Q2 is used as the output end of the second signal source 404. The switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are current mirror tubes, and devices such as MOS tubes can be adopted.
The introduction of the ac current source Itest does not have any influence on the normal voltage measurement, the ac current source Itest needs to be generated by dividing the reference voltage with high accuracy by the resistor, and the presence of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 305 in the voltage measurement module 300 itself needs a high accuracy voltage source, so that the complexity of the circuit design is greatly reduced, only the high accuracy voltage source needs to be shared.
When the detection circuit of the voltage dividing circuit parameter is applied to an electronic instrument, the working principle is as follows:
calibration:
when the electronic instrument leaves the factory for the first time, the electronic instrument can calibrate the meter, when the meter is calibrated, the switch S1 is closed, the original value Vtest0 of the detection voltage Vtest is read out first, and the calibration and the storage are carried out. When the instrument works normally, the switch S1 can be turned off, or the switch S1 can be turned off, and the alternating current source Iest is a high-impedance output.
The using stage is as follows:
when the precision of the detection instrument changes each time, the switch S1 is closed, the test values Vtest1, vtest2 and the like of the new detection voltage Vtest are read, and the test values are compared with the calibration value Vtest0, so that whether the precision of the instrument changes is judged.
This technique is discussed in more detail and more rigorously mathematically as follows.
Fig. 3 is a simplified calculation circuit. The line voltage Vs is considered virtual ground and the switch S1 is closed.
The transfer function of the alternating current source Itest to the detection voltage Vtest is:
this transfer function is expressed in the form of complex variables. Converting it into the form of amplitude and phase, as:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,has been converted from radians to degrees. By utilizing the full differential principle in higher mathematics, each parameter in the above formula is subjected to micro disturbance analysis, and the method can be used for obtaining:
wherein:
if typical parameter values are substituted (r0=1kΩ, r1=1mΩ, c0=33nf, frequency f=432 Hz, ω=2pi f), the above equation can be simplified as:
the two equations (12) and (13) can be used for fault detection: as long as any one of the parameters changes, the output result (amplitude and phase) changes. Specifically:
1. the variation of the sampling resistor R0 can be realized byOr->Detecting;
2. the first resistance R1 can be changed byDetected (there is a requirement for detection accuracy, e.g.)>Change 1%, ->Variation 1×10 -5 )；
3. The change of the sampling capacitance C0 can be realized byDetecting;
it is assumed that at the moment the fault is detected, only one device has failed (this assumption is generally true, with very little occurrence of both faults at the same time). On the assumption that only one fault occurs, we can detect the fault and further locate the fault source, and the mechanism is as follows:
in addition, a detection method of the parameters of the voltage dividing circuit is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
step one: loading a first signal source with a first frequency at two ends of the voltage dividing circuit; the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series;
step two: a second signal source with a second frequency is connected to the connecting end of the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider through a switch;
step three: determining whether a circuit parameter of the voltage dividing circuit is abnormal by detecting a change in amplitude and/or a change in phase of a signal component of a second frequency at the second voltage divider.
In a preferred embodiment, the amplitude change and/or the phase change of the signal component of the second frequency determines whether the circuit parameter of the voltage dividing circuit is abnormal or not specifically:
the second voltage divider abnormality is determined by a change in the phase of the signal component of the second frequency, and the first voltage divider abnormality is determined by a change in the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency.
Reference is made to fig. 1-3 for a specific embodiment of a method for detecting parameters of a voltage divider circuit.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric energy metering chip, which comprises the detection circuit. In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage dividing circuit is arranged outside the electric energy metering chip. Specifically, the detection circuit is integrated in the chip, and at this time, the detection circuit in the chip is not influenced by external environment, and further, the switch state can be switched by itself after the switch state is set in the voltage measurement module and is to be started.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another electric energy metering chip which comprises a voltage dividing circuit and the detection circuit.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The detection circuit for the parameters of the voltage dividing circuit comprises a voltage dividing circuit coupled with a first signal source with a first frequency, the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series, and a voltage measuring module is connected to the second voltage divider in parallel.
2. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the second signal source is an alternating current source.
3. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider are circuits comprised of at least one of a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor.
4. A detection circuit according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the second voltage divider comprises a sampling resistor and a sampling capacitor connected in parallel with the sampling resistor.
5. The detection circuit of claim 4, wherein the phase and amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are simultaneously changed to determine the sampling resistance anomaly, and wherein the phase and amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency are changed to determine the sampling capacitance anomaly.
6. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the second frequency is a non-integer multiple of the first frequency.
7. A method for detecting a voltage divider circuit parameter, comprising:
loading a first signal source with a first frequency at two ends of the voltage dividing circuit; the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage divider and a second voltage divider which are connected in series;
a second signal source with a second frequency is connected to the connecting end of the first voltage divider and the second voltage divider through a switch;
determining whether a circuit parameter of the voltage dividing circuit is abnormal by detecting a change in amplitude and/or a change in phase of a signal component of a second frequency on the second voltage divider;
the amplitude change and/or the phase change of the signal component of the second frequency determine whether the circuit parameter of the voltage dividing circuit is abnormal specifically:
the second voltage divider abnormality is determined by a change in the phase of the signal component of the second frequency, and the first voltage divider abnormality is determined by a change in the amplitude of the signal component of the second frequency.
8. An electric energy metering chip, characterized in that it comprises a detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the voltage dividing circuit is arranged outside the electric energy metering chip.
9. An electrical energy metering chip comprising a voltage dividing circuit, wherein the electrical energy metering chip further comprises a detection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN109061293A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 钜泉光电科技(上海)股份有限公司 | A kind of detection circuit and electric energy computation chip of tension measuring circuit parameter |
| CN109188065A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-11 | 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 | Inverse-excitation type switch power-supply and its input voltage detection circuit, detection method is isolated |
| CN109597018A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-09 | 钜泉光电科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Benchmark mutually examines the mutual detecting method of circuit, benchmark and electric energy computation chip |
| CN113765051A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-07 | 四川力士达智慧照明科技有限公司 | Automatic-calibration leakage detection protection circuit and method |
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