CN108088582A - A kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature - Google Patents

A kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108088582A
CN108088582A CN201711476999.7A CN201711476999A CN108088582A CN 108088582 A CN108088582 A CN 108088582A CN 201711476999 A CN201711476999 A CN 201711476999A CN 108088582 A CN108088582 A CN 108088582A
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frequency
acoustic wave
surface acoustic
signal
echo
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CN108088582B (en
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卢润华
翟柱新
曾伟忠
黄贺平
邹钟璐
何建宗
袁志坚
黄志才
冯奕军
邱华勇
罗伟康
邓建中
李为
袁咏诗
全源
柏东辉
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Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/22Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects
    • G01K11/26Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects of resonant frequencies
    • G01K11/265Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects of resonant frequencies using surface acoustic wave [SAW]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, the look-up table mapping relations between backward energy and respective frequencies difference when backward energy during by the resonant frequency of establishing surface acoustic wave sensor, disresonance, determine the step frequency in frequency sweeping process.In addition, the phase angle by measuring echo-signal, the change direction of scan frequency is judged.The threshold value whether difference of energy during according to the energy and resonance of echo-signal is less than setting determines whether single frequency queries terminate.The measuring method is applied in the temperature monitoring of switchgear, since the scan frequency stepping of reader is adaptive, therefore total sweep can be substantially reduced compared with traditional frequency sweeping method, so as to be quickly obtained the real time temperature of inside switch cabinet monitoring point, effectively prevent switchgear because failure caused by temperature anomaly occurs.So as to which during frequency queries, resonant frequency can be searched quickly, realize the quick measurement of temperature.

Description

A kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature
Technical field
The present invention relates to power equipment metallic conductor temperature monitoring technique field, more particularly, to a kind of surface acoustic wave The method of quick measurement switch cabinet temperature.
Background technology
With raising of the modern society to the dependence of electric energy, the big area of electricity consumption density is reliable to the supply security of electric energy Property requirement propose higher requirement, and then higher requirement also proposed to the reliability of power equipment.Wherein switchgear is A kind of key device in power equipment, inside include breaker, on-load switch, disconnecting switch, mutual inductor, operating mechanism and Various protective devices etc..Actual count statistics indicate that, the generation overwhelming majority of grid power equipment failure is due to the big electricity of equipment The reasons such as stream operation, aging cause power equipment to run under the high temperature conditions, so as to which the serious consequences such as burning, explosion be triggered to be made Into.Switchgear is metal enclosed switchgear, in normal work, does not allow to open metal enclosed door, all electric connecting points It is respectively positioned in switchgear.Since inside switch cabinet operating voltage is high, cannot arbitrarily be powered off in normal use, so being installed on high pressure The temp measuring system of inside switch cabinet, it is desirable that there is high electric insulating quality, the spy that the maintenance in routine use should be as few as possible Property.Therefore need to monitor the key position in switchgear in real time into trip temperature, to assess corresponding working condition.Passive, nothing The surface acoustic wave thermometry of line since its is of low cost, easy for installation, has obtained wide in power equipment temperature monitoring General application.Currently in the temperature survey mode of switchgear, switchgear is generally carried out using resonator type surface acoustic wave technology The temperature survey of key position.Since the resonant frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor in actual measure is to be measured, i.e., in advance can not Allow inquiry signal dominant frequency and surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency it is equal, how rapidly with close to surface acoustic wave sensor Resonant frequency dominant frequency signal come inquire about surface acoustic wave sensor be determine query performance major issue.In measurement process, Generally using fixed frequency scan mode, to obtain the resonant frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor, according to resonant frequency and temperature it Between fit correlation, the temperature of current surface acoustic wave sensor is obtained, so as to measure the temperature of key position in switchgear indirectly. Since the frequency size of step-scan is related to the temperature accuracy of measurement, if the temperature accuracy of measurement is higher, need to scan Frequency point will be very more, become very long so as to cause the time of single temperature survey, be unfavorable for switchgear key position The real-time monitoring of temperature.In order to reduce the time of temperature survey, there is researcher that frequency scanning is divided into two parts:Frequency coarse scan It retouches and frequency essence two stages of scanning.The frequency separation residing for center resonant frequency is determined using frequency coarse scanning, then in the frequency In rate section the center resonant frequency of SAW resonator is obtained using frequency essence scanning.When this method can be by temperature survey Between be reduced to fixed frequency scanning 1/7.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for existing switchgear resonator type surface acoustic wave is passive, wireless temperature system, frequency queries process intermediate frequency Rate scanning is using fixed step frequency, the deficiency for causing thermometric process time longer, and providing a kind of surface acoustic wave, quickly measurement is opened The method for closing cabinet temperature.Echo energy when backward energy during by the resonant frequency of establishing surface acoustic wave sensor, disresonance Look-up table mapping relations between amount and respective frequencies difference, determine the step frequency in frequency sweeping process.In addition, pass through measurement The phase angle of echo-signal judges the change direction of scan frequency.The difference of energy during according to the energy and resonance of echo-signal is The no threshold value for being less than setting determines whether single frequency queries terminate.The measuring method is applied in the temperature monitoring of switchgear, Since the scan frequency stepping of reader is that adaptive, total sweep can be significantly compared with traditional frequency sweeping method It reduces, so as to be quickly obtained the real time temperature of inside switch cabinet monitoring point, effectively prevents switchgear because temperature anomaly is led The failure of cause occurs.So as to which during frequency queries, resonant frequency can be searched quickly, realize the quick measurement of temperature.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, comprises the following steps:
S1:Resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency f is established by experiment0When backward energy EmaxAnd disresonance Frequency fiWhen backward energy EiRelational model;
Since the resonator in resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor has the characteristics that high quality factor, the bandwidth of work compared with It is narrow.Its corresponding backward energy can be expressed as:
Wherein, N is the periodicity of sonic transducer in surface wave sensor;I0For echo information frequency under reference temperature;ω0 For resonance when angular frequency;Δ ω is poor for angular frequency.When Δ ω=0, echo-signal energy during resonance can represent For:
Emax=I0exp[jωt]
It can be seen that as long as the dominant frequency of inquiry signal falls in the working band of resonator, will all resonator be caused to vibrate, Generate transient state sensing output.And only when driving frequency is equal to resonant frequency, resonator energy for obtaining from inquiry signal Maximum, the energy of similary sensing output signal are also maximum.It can be seen that in query process surface wave sensor backward energy It is gradually reduced with off-resonance frequency, echo energy during backward energy and resonance during so as to establish off-resonance frequency The mapping relations of amount.
Resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency f0When backward energy EmaxWith disresonance frequence fiWhen echo energy Measure EiRelational model:
Emax-Ei2(f0-fi)21(f0-fi)+α0
Wherein α2, α1, α0It is the undetermined coefficient needed through experimental fit.According to the fitting data of acquisition, mode of resonance is established Map Searching table between the poor and corresponding difference on the frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, the backward energy of disresonance frequence.
S2:Judge the echo-signal frequency of resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor compared with resonance according to the phase angle of echo-signal The size of frequency;
S3:According to the phase angle of echo-signal and resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, the energy of disresonance frequence The Map Searching table between poor and corresponding difference on the frequency is measured, determines the stepping Δ f of frequency scanningiSize and positive and negative;By setting It is f that the frequency control word of signal source, which is put, by the set of frequency of scanningi+Δfi.In frequency sweeping process next time, reader It is f by tranmitting frequencyi+ΔfiInterval radiofrequency signal.
S4:If energy difference when detecting the energy and resonance of echo-signal is less than default threshold value, transmitting frequency is judged Rate is the resonant frequency of current sensor;It is taken multiple measurements with fixed tranmitting frequency and carries out relevant accumulative, improvement letter Number signal-to-noise ratio, improve the precision of temperature survey.
S5:By the fit correlation between temperature and the resonant frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor, switchgear monitoring point is calculated Real time temperature.Relation between the resonant frequency and temperature of surface acoustic wave sensor can be described as:
F=f0[1+a1(T-T0)+a2(T-T0)2]
Wherein T be temperature to be measured, T0For reference temperature, f0For under reference temperature, the resonance of surface acoustic wave sensor is frequently Rate.a1,a2For reference temperature T0When single order, second order frequency temperature coefficient during calibration, it is necessary to be determined.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the echo-signal emits penetrating for interval for reader with certain frequency step Frequency signal after surface acoustic wave sensor receives radiofrequency signal, will carry out multiple reflections and root inside surface acoustic wave sensor According to the temperature conditions of resonator, launch the rf echo signal of certain frequency.
In a kind of preferred scheme, number is carried out by the echo-signal returned to surface acoustic wave sensor in step S2 Signal is divided into I roads and Q roads two paths of signals, can be expressed as respectively by down coversion:
In a kind of preferred scheme, by the sign determination phase angle size of two paths of signals value, so as to judge echo-signal Difference on the frequency is positive and negative between frequency and surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, to determine step frequency direction.
In a kind of preferred scheme, in step S3, in signal reception period, returned by detecting surface acoustic wave sensor Echo-signal energy and energy difference during surface acoustic wave sensor resonance whether be less than default threshold value:If greater than default Threshold value determines new step frequency Δ fi;If less than default threshold value, then frequency sweep terminates.
In a kind of preferred scheme, new step is determined according to the Map Searching table between the energy difference and difference on the frequency of foundation Into frequency Δ fi
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of technical solution of the present invention is:A kind of surface acoustic wave quickly measures switchgear The method of temperature, two big advantageous effects of acquirement, one, pass through the frequency for detecting corresponding echo-signal and energy size is fitted resonance Type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency f0When backward energy EmaxWith disresonance frequence fiWhen backward energy EiRelation mould Type establishes reflecting between resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, the energy difference of disresonance frequence and corresponding difference on the frequency Penetrate look-up table.The look-up table can allow frequency scanning stepping during frequency scanning according to echo-signal energy Size is changed, and is fixed rather than the scan frequency during traditional measurement;Two, according to the phase angle of echo-signal and Map Searching between resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, the energy difference of disresonance frequence and corresponding difference on the frequency Table determines the stepping Δ f of frequency scanningiSize and positive and negative, can realize the fast resonant frequency search in query process, from And realize the quick measurement of switch cabinet temperature.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 relational graphs between 1 surface acoustic wave echo-signal energy of the embodiment of the present invention and scan frequency.
Fig. 2 is 1 surface acoustic wave sensor backward energy of embodiment of the present invention difference and difference on the frequency Map Searching table.
Fig. 3 is 1 measurement flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing is only for illustration, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent;
In order to more preferably illustrate the present embodiment, some components of attached drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent actual product Size;
To those skilled in the art, it is to be appreciated that some known features and its explanation, which may be omitted, in attached drawing 's.
Technical scheme is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
Assuming that the operating frequency range of SAW Temperature Sensors is 428~429MHz, the temperature range of measurement is -25 ~125 DEG C.During calibration, reader is with the radiofrequency signal of certain frequency step transmitting interval, surface acoustic wave sensing After device receives radiofrequency signal, multiple reflections will be carried out inside surface acoustic wave sensor and according to the temperature conditions of resonator, Launch the rf echo signal of certain frequency.The backward energy of surface wave sensor is gradually reduced with off-resonance frequency, As shown in Figure 1.In rf echo signal reception period, the frequency of echo-signal and energy size are corresponded to by detecting.It establishes Resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency f0When backward energy EmaxWith disresonance frequence fiWhen backward energy EiPass It is model.
Emax-Ei2(f0-fi)21(f0-fi)+α0
Determine undetermined coefficient α2, α1, α0.And according to the fitting data of acquisition, establish resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant Map Searching table between frequency, the energy difference of disresonance frequence and corresponding difference on the frequency, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in figure 3, in temperature taking process, reader transmitting operating frequency range is any one for 428~429MHz A frequency fiInterval sinusoidal radio frequency signal.Reception period, reader carries out Digital Down Convert to echo-signal, and echo is believed Number it is divided into I roads and Q roads two paths of signals.According to I, the size of the sign determination phase angle of Q, so as to judge echo-signal frequency harmony table Difference on the frequency is positive and negative between wave sensor resonant frequency, to determine the direction of step frequency.
In specific implementation process, according to the phase angle of echo-signal and resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, Map Searching table between the energy difference of disresonance frequence and corresponding difference on the frequency determines the stepping Δ f of frequency scanningiSize With it is positive and negative.By the set of frequency of scanning it is f by the frequency control word in setting signal sourcei+Δfi.In frequency scanning next time In the process, tranmitting frequency is f by readeri+ΔfiInterval radiofrequency signal.In reception period, sensed by detecting surface acoustic wave Whether energy difference when echo-signal energy and surface acoustic wave sensor resonance that device returns is less than the threshold value of setting:If sound table Energy difference when echo-signal energy and surface acoustic wave sensor resonance that wave sensor returns is more than the threshold value of setting, according to Map Searching table between the energy difference and difference on the frequency of foundation determines new step frequency Δ fi;If surface acoustic wave sensor returns Energy difference when the echo-signal energy and surface acoustic wave sensor resonance that return is less than the threshold value set, then frequency sweep terminates.Work as sound Energy difference when echo-signal energy and surface acoustic wave sensor resonance that surface wave sensor returns is less than the threshold value of setting When, it is taken multiple measurements with fixed tranmitting frequency and carries out the relevant signal-to-noise ratio for adding up, improving signal, improve temperature survey Precision.Finally by the fit correlation between temperature and the resonant frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor, switchgear monitoring point is calculated Real time temperature.
The same or similar label correspond to the same or similar components;
The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustration, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent;
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of invention etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention Protection domain within.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method that surface acoustic wave quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps:
S1:Backward energy during backward energy and disresonance frequence when establishing resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency Relational model;
S2:Judge the echo-signal frequency of resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor compared with resonant frequency according to the phase angle of echo-signal Size;
S3:According to the phase angle of echo-signal and resonator type surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency, the energy difference of disresonance frequence Map Searching table between corresponding difference on the frequency determines the size of stepping of frequency scanning and positive and negative;
S4:If energy difference when detecting the energy and resonance of echo-signal is less than default threshold value, the tranmitting frequency is judged i.e. For the resonant frequency of current sensor;
S5:Pass through the fit correlation between temperature and the resonant frequency of surface acoustic wave sensor, the reality of calculating switchgear monitoring point Shi Wendu.
2. the method that surface acoustic wave according to claim 1 quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that described returns Ripple signal emits the radiofrequency signal of interval for reader with certain frequency step, and surface acoustic wave sensor receives radiofrequency signal Afterwards, multiple reflections will be carried out inside surface acoustic wave sensor and according to the temperature conditions of resonator, launches certain frequency Rf echo signal.
3. the method that surface acoustic wave according to claim 1 quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that in step S2 Digital Down Convert is carried out by the echo-signal returned to surface acoustic wave sensor, signal is divided into two paths of signals.
4. the method that surface acoustic wave according to claim 3 quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that pass through two-way The sign determination phase angle size of signal value, so as to judge frequency between echo-signal frequency and surface acoustic wave sensor resonant frequency Poor is positive and negative, to determine step frequency direction.
5. the method that surface acoustic wave according to claim 1 quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that step S3 In, it is humorous by the echo-signal energy and surface acoustic wave sensor that detect surface acoustic wave sensor return in signal reception period Whether energy difference when shaking is less than default threshold value:If greater than default threshold value, new step frequency is determined;If less than pre- If threshold value, then frequency sweep terminate.
6. the method that surface acoustic wave according to claim 5 quickly measures switch cabinet temperature, which is characterized in that according to foundation Energy difference and difference on the frequency between Map Searching table determine new step frequency.
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CN109682492A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-26 南京铁道职业技术学院 Frequency estimating methods based on frequency domain Gauss curve fitting
CN111076841A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 Method and system for improving frequency sweeping efficiency of resonant acoustic surface wave temperature measurement system
CN113155323A (en) * 2020-01-22 2021-07-23 兰吉尔有限公司 Energy meter and method for detecting heat or cold
CN113259811A (en) * 2020-02-11 2021-08-13 迪芬尼声学科技股份有限公司 Method and audio processing unit for detecting pitch and use thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109682492A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-26 南京铁道职业技术学院 Frequency estimating methods based on frequency domain Gauss curve fitting
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CN113155323A (en) * 2020-01-22 2021-07-23 兰吉尔有限公司 Energy meter and method for detecting heat or cold
CN113259811A (en) * 2020-02-11 2021-08-13 迪芬尼声学科技股份有限公司 Method and audio processing unit for detecting pitch and use thereof
CN113259811B (en) * 2020-02-11 2022-08-26 迪芬尼声学科技股份有限公司 Method and audio processing unit for detecting pitch and use thereof

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