CN108087516A

CN108087516A - Gear is arranged

Info

Publication number: CN108087516A
Application number: CN201711026749.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J-P.卡里
Original assignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
Current assignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
Priority date: 2016-11-21
Filing date: 2017-10-27
Publication date: 2018-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-27
Also published as: RU2017137774A; US20180142778A1; RU2746972C2; RU2017137774A3; CN108087516B; EP3324079A1; EP3324079B1

Abstract

A kind of gear arrangement, gear arrangement is included in first axle (12) with first gear (10) and the gear train (1) with second gear (20) on the second axis (22), the first gear (10) and the second gear (20) are arranged to intermeshing, it is characterized in that the gear arrangement has frictional drive (2), the frictional drive includes the first rotate element (14) being mounted in the first axle (12), first rotate element is arranged to second rotate element (24) of the frictional drive on second axis (22).

Description

Gear is arranged

Technical field

This disclosure relates to a kind of gear arrangement, such as a kind of gear arrangement associated with control system control-rod, Position or rate travel in the control system based on control-rod generate control signal.Such control system can be used for The flight control system of aircraft, such as thrust control system (although the present disclosure is not limited thereto class system).

Background technology

Between any two pitch wheels there will be the gap between the gear teeth with caused by certain journey The sideshake (also referred to as gap, clearance or free space) of degree.This is prevented for example caused by thermal expansion or deformation under load The required design feature that gear blocks.It also allows the lubrication between gear.It in some cases, can be due to abrasion, machine Machining tolerance machines defect and exists.

Wish to eliminate or otherwise compensate sideshake in numerous applications.A kind of such application is the position based on control-rod Put or rate travel generation control signal control system.One specific example is to activate thrust control by the pilot of aircraft Bar (or other flight control actuators).The input action of sub-fraction pilot cannot be before torque be transferred through gear train Gear is moved to driving contact.Although amount of movement may seem small, this sideshake can cause associated position to pass The loss of accuracy of sensor.

The existing way that sideshake is compensated in such application is to utilize spring-loaded split gear.This includes two superpositions Operative gear, biased relative to each other by torsionspring, so as to increase effective transverse tooth thickness degree.Spring-loaded split tooth Then the tooth of wheel is filled up completely the tooth space of mate gear, so as to eliminate sideshake.

Seek to reduce improving mechanism for the sideshake in gear arrangement.

The content of the invention

According to first aspect, it can be seen that the disclosure provides a kind of gear arrangement, and the gear arrangement is included in first axle The upper gear train with second gear with first gear and on the second axis.First gear and second gear are arranged to mutually Engagement.Gear, which is arranged through, provides frictional drive to change, and frictional drive includes the first rotate element being mounted in first axle, First rotate element is arranged to second rotate element of the frictional drive on the second axis.

Gear train can be synchronous, i.e. the first rotation of the first gear of gear train and frictional drive with the frictional drive Element is driven simultaneously.

First rotate element and the second rotate element can be constantly in contact.Each rotate element can be in another rotation Another rotate element of contact at any on element circumference.

Frictional drive can not have sideshake generally, so as to immediately be transferred to transmission from an axis under low torque level Another axis and without any clearance.

First rotate element and the second rotate element can be wheels.Each wheel can be shaped to disk, cylinder, circular cone, cut Circular cone, spherical ball or avette ball.

First axle is parallel with the second axis.

The diameter of first rotate element can be approximately equal to the section diameter of a circle of first gear, and the second rotate element Diameter can be approximately equal to the section diameter of a circle of second gear.

By way of example, gear may include spur gear, bevel gear, helical gear or epicyclic gear.

It can also be seen that the disclosure provides a kind of control system arranged including any gear described above and one kind can The control-rod that operation is arranged with transmission gear.

Control system may include the position sensor of the operable position with definite control-rod.

Control system can include the thrust control system of thrust control-rod.

According to second aspect, it can be seen that the disclosure provides a kind of method for manufacturing gear arrangement.The described method includes：It carries For in first axle with first gear and on the second axis the gear train with second gear, the first gear and described Second gear is arranged to intermeshing.The method is changed by providing frictional drive.First rotation of the frictional drive Turn element in the first axle and the second rotate element of second frictional drive is installed on second axis. First rotate element is arranged to the second rotate element described in frictional drive.

Gear train can be synchronous (i.e. the first rotation of the first gear of gear train and frictional drive with the frictional drive Element is driven simultaneously).

The first axle can be parallel with second axis.

Description of the drawings

Now only by way of example and some embodiments of the disclosure will be described in greater detail with reference to the drawings, in attached drawing In：

Fig. 1 shows the exemplary gear arrangement of the disclosure；

Fig. 2 shows the exemplary plus gearset of exemplary gear arrangement；

Fig. 3 shows the exemplary bevel gear system of the disclosure；

Fig. 4 shows the Exemplary helical gear train of the disclosure；

Fig. 5 shows the exemplary epicyclic train of gears of the disclosure；

Fig. 6 shows the Exemplary control system of the disclosure；And

Fig. 7 shows the example position sensor in the Exemplary control system for the disclosure.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows exemplary gear arrangement, including gear train 1 (also illustrating in fig. 2) and frictional drive 2.Friction passes Dynamic 2 parallelly install with gear train 1.

Gear train 1 include first gear 10, be mounted on first axle 12 on and with second on the second axis 22 Gear 20 is intermeshed.First axle 12 is parallel with the second axis 22 in this example.

Frictional drive 2 includes the first round 14 being mounted in first axle 12 and the second wheel 24 on the second axis 22. It is mounted on by the way that 14,24 will be taken turns on corresponding axis 12,22, the first round 14 is parallel to first gear 10 and the second wheel 24 is parallel to the Two gears 20.

When term as used herein, " gear train " include with intermeshing tooth two or more gears. Tooth can be provided in the tooth that radially extends on the circumference of gear, and tooth may include to reverse profile to provide multiple spiral grear teeths, Tooth can be oblique angle with by may include any other shape with associated bevel gear angulation transmission transmission or tooth The gear teeth of formula, wherein tooth intermeshing is next to be transferred to torque from a gear by the interaction of the tooth A gear.

In contrast, term " frictional drive " means usually in the form of face wheel (although alternative form can be used in it) The arrangement of two or more rotate elements, wherein the periphery of the periphery of the first rotating member and the second rotating member Contact, and by the CONTACT WITH FRICTION between such circumferential surface, can will transmission be transferred to from a rotating member it is next Rotating member.Frictional drive can not have sideshake generally, so as to immediately shift transmission from an axis under low torque level To another axis without any clearance.

It can closely install that (for example, in flight control system, the first round 14 can be big the first round 14 with first gear 10 In about 1 millimeter to about 5 centimetres), and the second wheel 24 accordingly can be installed closely with second gear 20 so that the second wheel 24 It is aligned with the first round 14 and is arranged to be in contact with it.

The first round 14 can be made with the second wheel 24 of different, substantially similar or identical material.For example, wheel 14th, one or both of 24 polymer can be included.In an example, wheel 14, one or both of 24 is by vulcanization rubber Or the similar material with suitable great friction coefficient is made.Wheel 14, one or both of 24 can be by metal or other materials system Into and the material layer with higher coefficient of friction may be included, such as in the form of rubber strip or filler.

Since the purpose of frictional drive 2 is from first axle when gear 10,20 is not in driving contact by torque (transmission) 12 are transferred to the second axis 22, so should select to have the material of suitable coefficient of friction at least up to take over biography in gear train 1 Point before dynamic transmission transfers transmission.A part as material selection, it may be necessary to contact, resilience on material With some considerations of abrasion.

The circumference of wheel 14,24 can be smooth, and even be complied with to a certain extent under contact.Wheel 14th, one or both of 24 circumference may also include the tread pattern of a certain form.

It is existing a certain amount of between the tooth 10a (showing in fig. 2) of first gear 10 and the tooth 20a of second gear 20 Sideshake the gear to be allowed suitably to be intermeshed and prevents from blocking.It is in contact with each other to transfer transmission on the surface of tooth Before, this sideshake corresponds to the spacing between the surface.Although the sideshake can be only it is a small amount of, there will be.

In contrast, circumference point 30 at always rubbing against one another contact of the wheel of the first round 14 and second 24 along wheel 14,24. Frictional drive does not undergo or does not undergo generally sideshake, because the rotation of a wheel will be immediately reflected in the rotation of another wheel (in the tolerance of material rebounds).

As can be seen that in Fig. 1, the diameter of the first round 14 can be approximately equal to the pitch circle P's (referring to Fig. 2) of first gear 10 Diameter.Similarly, the diameter of the second rotate element 24 can be approximately equal to the section diameter of a circle of second gear 20.With this side The rotary speed of formula, gear 10,20 and wheel 14,24, which can be realized, to be matched each other.

To wheel 14, one or both of 24 using materials and contact relatively soft or comply with such as make wheel with The surface of another wheel contact is flat or during into zigzag, then can select diameter accordingly to consider this flat and make corresponding teeth The pitch circle matching of wheel 10,20.

First gear 10 and second gear 20 (i.e. gear train 1) provide drives for being in tooth 10a, 20a of gear 10,20 Torque is transferred to the prevailing torque path of the second axis 22 during dynamic contact from first axle 12.This will be when torque level is relatively high Or when gear 10,20 moves at a relatively high speed relative to each other, such as when the controller for using gear train 1 moves through big shifting Condition during dynamic scope.

The first round 14 and second takes turns 24 (i.e. frictional drives 2) offer and is used to be not in as tooth 10a, 20a of gear 10,20 (for example, during starting stage of controller movement when sideshake is tightened) will in the case of no sideshake during driving contact Torque is transferred to the secondary torque path of the second axis 22 from first axle 12.These relatively low torque levels and in the controller The associated relatively low speed of much smaller movement under, frictional drive 2 allow the second axis 22 passed by the rotation of first axle 12 It is dynamic or even be also such when first gear 10 and second gear 20 are not in driving contact.

The gear arrangement of the disclosure is therefore by changing frictional drive and with zero sideshake or generally zero sideshake.In low torsion Under square (torque reached across frictional drive is more than the point of the coefficient of friction between the rotating member of the frictional drive), friction passes It is dynamic to be operability and do not have sideshake inherently, and under high torque, gear teeth is driven and each other in the behaviour Make under state, continue in rotation that there will be no the sideshakes that need to tighten in gear.

The operation arranged including the gear of gear train 1 and frictional drive 2 is explained further with reference to figure 6, the icon goes out root According to the explanatory of the control system of the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 6 shows to be mechanically coupled to the control-rod 50 of first axle 12.Control-rod 50 is activated by operator (such as pilot) With control system.The movement of control-rod 50 causes first axle 12 to rotate.Since first gear 10 and the first round 14 are installed to first Axis 12, so it is also rotated together with first axle 12.Due to having sideshake between first gear 10 and second gear 20, so root Tooth 10a, 20a of 10,20 position at that time relative to each other of sawteeth wheel, first gear 10 and second gear 20 can be initially It is not in driving contact.The output for the second axis 22 being driven by gear train 1 or frictional drive 2 is couple to position sensor 32 (also illustrating in the figure 7), such as RVDT (Rotary Variable Differential transformer) sensor or similar sensor, for providing electricity Signal.This signal can be used for a part for control aircraft, such as controlling the thrust delivered from engine.

In the system without parallel frictional drive 2, this can cause the loss of accuracy in the control system, operation Person is not transferred through the system immediately to the input of the system, because must first overcome sideshake first.However, in the disclosure System in, parallel frictional drive 2 can compensate for the sideshake in gear train 1.(institute is rotated by first axle 12 when the first round 14 rotates Cause) when, cause second wheel of the transmission of the first round 14,24 rotation with the CONTACT WITH FRICTION 30 of the second wheel 24.Since the second wheel 24 is mounted on On second axis 22, so the second axis 22 also rotates.Therefore transmission is transferred to the second axis 22 via frictional drive 2 from first axle 12, Also it is such even when the first gear 10 and second gear 20 of gear train 1 are not in driving contact.First gear 10 and Therefore the effect of sideshake between two gears 20 is effectively eliminated, it means that the control system is more accurate.

The control system of the disclosure is therefore through modification frictional drive and with zero sideshake or generally zero sideshake.In low torsion Under square (torque reached across frictional drive is more than the point of the coefficient of friction between the rotating member of the frictional drive), friction passes It is dynamic to be operability and do not have sideshake inherently, and under high torque, gear teeth is driven and each other in the behaviour Make under state, continue in rotation that there will be no the sideshakes that need to tighten in gear.

Although describing this embodiment under the situation of control system, technical staff will be apparent that, this public affairs The gear arrangement opened will be more generally applicable to drive and the other field without sideshake sense and therefore can fit wherein it is desirable to convert For other kinds of bar or mechanism.

Gear arrangement can be used in any application, the level and sufficiently low speed that torque can be sufficiently small in the application Degree is applied to first axle 12 so that the resistance (CONTACT WITH FRICTION) between the wheel of the first round 14 and second 24 can allow for the first round 14 to pass Dynamic second wheel 24.When applying the torque of higher level, sideshake will not be met by the transmission between the wheel；The wheel will only It slides past each other.

Although Fig. 1 and first gear shown in Fig. 2 10 and second gear 20 are spur gears, this explanation is not intended to limit System.Gear 10,20 can be the gear of any other type, such as bevel gear (as shown in Figure 3) or helical gear (such as Fig. 4 Shown in).In addition, gear train 1 may include more than shown two gears or its can be epicyclic train of gears (such as institute in Fig. 5 Show).

In Fig. 1, first axle 12 is parallel with the second axis 22.However, situation may be really not so (for example, first Gear 10 and second gear 20 are the situations of bevel gear).

In addition, there is no by illustrating that first gear 10 and second gear 20 are implied to gear train 1 in fig. 1 and 2 The limitation of gear ratio.Therefore, although first gear 10 is shown to be larger than second gear 20, second gear 20 can be big on the contrary In first gear 10 or identical with its size.Similarly, Fig. 1 and the tooth 10a and second gear of first gear shown in Figure 2 10 The number of 20 tooth 20a is only exemplary.

Although the wheel of the first round 14 and second 24 is shown in Figure 1 for face wheel (i.e. disk), term " wheel " is covered perhaps More wheel shapes, such as cylinder (roller), circular cone, truncated cone or ball (such as spherical ball or avette ball).These wheels can be shared Following characteristics：Rotating member (taking turns) has to enclose the axis rotated about.Any one of first round and the second wheel or both There can be such construct.The size of peripheral contact area sufficiently large must generate sufficiently large friction with permission between the wheel Power (resistance).Required frictional force is of course depend upon the system wherein arranged using the gear.

In the implementation of figure 1, the diameter of the first round 14 is approximately equal to the pitch circle P of first gear 10 (referring to Fig. 2) Diameter, and the diameter of the second rotate element 24 is approximately equal to the section diameter of a circle of second gear 20.However, alternative In embodiment, to select the appropriate resistance between the wheel, the diameter and corresponding gear of the wheel pitch circle P diameter it Between a small amount of mismatch may be present.The mismatch can be approximately less than 10% or be smaller than 8%, less than 6%, less than 4% or less than 2%.For example, with The embodiment that the diameter of two of which wheel is equal to the pitch circle P of corresponding gear is compared, if the diameter of one or two wheel is more than The pitch circle of corresponding gear, then there will be bigger resistance (frictional force) between the wheel.

Therefore, according to the above disclosure, it can be seen that provide a kind of gear arrangement, the gear arrangement includes being arranged to pass The dynamic gear train that output is delivered to from input, wherein the friction that gear arrangement includes with the gear train Synchronous Transmission passes It is dynamic, the frictional drive be arranged to by under low torque level will transmission from input be transferred to output reduce be present in it is described Sideshake amount in gear train, the low torque level reach between rotating member of the torque of frictional drive more than frictional drive Coefficient of friction point.This type gear arrangement can have any feature described herein.At least in illustrated embodiment In, it is possible to provide it is a kind of for the alternative solution for the known arrangement for minimizing sideshake, may simpler, cost more it is low simultaneously It is and more robust.

Claims

1. a kind of gear arrangement, the gear arrangement is included in first axle with first gear and on the second axis with the The gear train of two gears, the first gear and the second gear are arranged to intermeshing；

It is characterized in that gear arrangement has a frictional drive, the frictional drive includes being mounted on the in the first axle One rotate element, first rotate element are arranged to the second rotate element of frictional drive installation on second axis.

2. gear arrangement as described in claim 1, wherein first rotate element and second rotate element are located always In contact, each rotate element contact another rotate element at any on the circumference of another rotate element.

3. gear arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein first rotate element and second rotate element are Wheel.

4. gear arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein each wheel shaping is disk, cylinder, circular cone, truncated cone, spherical ball Or avette ball.

5. the gear arrangement as any one of preceding claims, wherein the first axle is parallel with second axis 's.

6. the gear arrangement as any one of preceding claims, wherein the diameter of first rotate element is generally etc. The second gear is approximately equal in the diameter of the section diameter of a circle of the first gear, and second rotate element Save diameter of a circle.

7. the gear arrangement as any one of preceding claims, wherein the gear includes spur gear, bevel gear, spiral Gear or epicyclic gear.

8. a kind of control system, the control system includes the gear arrangement as any one of appointing preceding claims and can It operates to be driven the control-rod that the gear is arranged.

9. controller as claimed in claim 8, the controller further includes the operable position with the definite control-rod Position sensor.

10. a kind of method for manufacturing gear arrangement, the described method includes：

The gear train with second gear, the first gear with first gear and on the second axis are provided in first axle It is arranged to intermeshing with the second gear；

It is characterized in that by the way that the first rotate element is mounted in the first axle and the second rotate element is mounted on institute It states on the second axis to provide frictional drive, first rotate element is arranged to the second rotate element described in frictional drive.

11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein first rotate element and second rotate element are wheels.

12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein each wheel shaping is disk, cylinder, circular cone, truncated cone, spherical ball or Avette ball.

13. the method as described in claim 10,11 or 12, wherein the first axle is parallel with second axis.

14. the method as any one of claim 10 to 13, wherein the diameter of first rotate element is generally etc. The second gear is approximately equal in the diameter of the section diameter of a circle of the first gear, and second rotate element Save diameter of a circle.

15. the method as any one of claim 10 to 14, wherein the gear includes spur gear, bevel gear, spiral Gear or epicyclic gear.