CN108085089A - A kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid and its application - Google Patents
A kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid and its application Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
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- C10M153/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
- C10M2205/163—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/0405—Siloxanes with specific structure used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluids, the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid first passes through covalent bond and modifies inorganic silicon dioxide nano particle with the coating material with phosphonic acid functional groups, recycle ionic bond that Amino End Group block oligomers are grafted on to the silica surface after modification, grafting shell mechanism can significantly inhibit the reunion of nano particle, obtain the new function nano material with class fluid behavior steady in a long-term.The invention also discloses the applications of such fluid.Silica nanometer class fluid of the present invention is respectively provided with excellent antifriction antiwear characteristic as lubricant and basic oil additive, the introducing of phosphonate group functional group is made it easier to through electrostatic interaction absorption in friction substrate surface, organic-inorganic hybrid structure electric double layer is formed, enhances the lubricating ability of adsorbed film；Meanwhile accumulation of the nano SiO 2 particle at interface improves the bearing capacity of friction chemical reaction film, improves the secondary boundary lubrication performance of friction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lubricant, are related to a kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid and its application.
Background technology
Nano material has the physicochemical properties of many uniquenesses, as quantum size effect, small-size effect and surface are imitated
Should, it has a extensive future in light, electricity, thermal and magnetic, catalysis etc., therefore the concern of people is received for many years, by American Chemical Society
It is described as " 21st century most promising material ".But nano material is small-sized, surface can be high, is easy to reunite, and surface
Force difference is combined between organic matrix, if non-modified nano-particle directly uses, its characteristic and excellent cannot be given full play to
Gesture influences output performance.Therefore surface treatment must be carried out to inorganic nano material when in use improves the stably dispersing of particle
Property, it prevents or reduces reunion, keep intrinsic excellent specific property.Chemistry is broadly divided into the modification of inorganic nano-particle at present
Modified and two major class of physical modification.Physical modification will be inorganic or organic change by Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond force equimolecular intermolecular forces
Property agent absorption in nanoparticle surface, so as to reduce surface tension, reduce the reunion between nano-particle, reach the mesh of stable dispersion
's.And chemical modification is by being chemically reacted between nanoparticle surface and dressing agent or chemisorbed, changing nanoparticle
The structure and state in sublist face reduce the probability of reunion.
Physics and chemical modification can be solved nano-particle and be asked caused by high surface energy from reuniting to a certain extent
Topic, but the research of forefathers shows that the nano-particle being modified by surface often in solid-state, improves modified nanoparticles in solvent
Long-time stability are still a challenge.Until 2004, Giannelis of Cornell Univ USA et al. was the study found that receiving
The electrically charged functionalization organic long-chain of rice corpuscles surface graft can be such that nano particle has in the absence of a solvent and be similar to liquid
The behavior of body, so as to propose new research hotspot-solvent-free nanometer class fluid（Advanced Functional
Materials, 2005, 15, 1285-1290; Advanced Materials, 2005, 17, 234-237）.It is this kind of new
The electrically charged shell mechanism of type nano-material surface grafting, significantly suppresses the reunion of nano-particle, obtains steady in a long-term
Nanometer class fluid, and solvent can be avoided to pollute the environment.In simple terms, nanometer class fluid is exactly to collect nano-particle
Physicochemical characteristics and fluid rheologic behavio(u)r system, they have very regular microstructure, low
Viscosity and high electrical conductivity.By the research and probe of more than ten years, several functions nanometer class fluid is prepared by successful design.
Some researches show that oil additives based on molybdenum disulfide and graphene nano class fluid, have significant antifriction antiwear characteristic
（Materials Letters, 2013, 97, 169-172; Tribology International, 2017, 105,
118-124）.
Nano SiO 2 particle is demonstrated to significantly improve the anti-extreme pressure energy of oil film as lube oil additive（ACS
Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 4223-4233; Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2016, 11,
329）, the ball effect generated in the high elastic modulus and friction process of nano particle is the reason for its greasy property improves.
The nucleocapsid structure of silica nanometer class fluid uniqueness and electrically charged characteristic may make it possess excellent lubrication property and
Long-time stability in lubricating oil.However, still no ceramic nanoparticles class fluid adds as lubricant and lubricating oil at present
Add the open report of agent.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid and its applications.
The present invention is using inorganic nano-particle as the solvent-free nanometer class fluid of nucleosynthesis, by the inorganic nano-particle of nanoscale
It is surface modified, and it is embedding with covalent bond and ionic bond bonding action coating material of the grafting with phosphonic acid functional groups and Amino End Group
Section copolymer, the excellent load-carrying properties of inorganic nano-particle and the good rheological property of oligomer itself are combined.
By changing the species and chain length of coating material and copolymer, a series of mobility and the controllable nanometer of lubricity can be obtained
Class fluid.Silica nanometer class fluid of the present invention has excellent antifriction antiwear characteristic, the introducing of phosphonate group functional group
It makes it easier to through electrostatic interaction absorption in friction substrate surface, the organic-inorganic hybrid structure electric double layer of formation enhances suction
The lubricating ability of membrane.Accumulation of the nano SiO 2 particle at interface improves the bearing capacity of friction chemical reaction film, changes
It has been apt to the secondary boundary lubrication performance of friction.
A kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid, it is characterised in that such fluid is prepared by the following method：
1) Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonate grafting is prepared
Nano particles of silicon dioxide is soluble in water, lye is added to adjust pH to alkalescence, after ultrasonic disperse, by silica dioxide nano particle
Sub- suspension is added in the aqueous solution of the coating material with phosphonic acid functional groups, reacts 1-48 h, Ran Houchun at 20-150 DEG C
Change, strengthen acid by the cation replacement in product be hydrogen ion, drying for standby；
2) Nano particles of silicon dioxide by phosphonate grafting dissolves ultrasound, is added with stirring Amino End Group block copolymer in 20-
150 DEG C of reaction 1-48 h carry out ion exchange, and then purified rear progress drying process is to get novel nano class fluid.
The grain size of the Nano particles of silicon dioxide is 2~100 nm.
The lye is at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and concentration is 2.0 mol/L.
The adjusting pH refers to alkalescence adjusts pH to 8-12.
The coating material with phosphonic acid functional groups is the hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid salt coupling agent aqueous solution of 5-65 wt%.
The molar ratio of the coating material with phosphonic acid functional groups and Nano particles of silicon dioxide is 1:1-1:10.
The strong acid is at least one of the concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid.
The molar ratio of the strong acid and the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonate grafting is 1:1-1:10.
The general formula of the Amino End Group block copolymer is NH2(CH3CHCH2O)nCH2(CH2O)nCH3, n=5-50.
The Amino End Group block copolymer is Jeffamine M2070.
The molar ratio of the Amino End Group block copolymer and the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonate grafting is 1:1-1:10.
The purifying, which refers to rotate reaction system, removes solvent, is washed with deionized water, ethyl alcohol or tetrahydrofuran, Ran Houtou
Analysis, drying.
The molecular weight of dialysis membrane used in the dialysis is 3000-100000.
Application of the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as lubricant or basic oil additive.
The base oil is polyethylene glycol, polyalphaolefin, atoleine or silicone oil.
The additive amount of the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid is 0.5wt%-10wt%.
Solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid of the present invention not only has the characteristic of class fluid, it may also be used for tribology
Field has the following advantages that：
1st, solvent-free nano material of the present invention is in class flow-like, and nano-particle will not reunite and still keep intrinsic physico
Performance is learned, drastically increases the processed and applied performance of nano-particle；By change coating material and copolymer species and
Chain length, you can obtain the totally different nanometer class fluid of performance.
2nd, silica nanometer class fluid is used as lubricant by the present invention and basic oil additive is respectively provided with good anti-attrition
Abrasion resistance can promote the formation of frictional interface high-performance lubrication boundary film.
3rd, silica nanometer class fluid of the present invention is rung as lubricant and basic oil additive in use, there is electricity
Performance is answered, compound film is generated by forming electric double layer adsorbed film and friction chemical reaction and effectively protects friction pair surface, drop
The abrasion of low friction pair.
Specific embodiment
It is further illustrated the present invention below by specific embodiment, but the present embodiment is not intended to limit the invention, it is every
Similarity method using the present invention and its similar variation, should all be included in protection scope of the present invention.The reagent and raw material, such as nothing
Specified otherwise obtains from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1
1）30 wt% Nano particles of silicon dioxide aqueous solutions of 10g are weighed, are dispersed in 40 mL deionized waters, ultrasound 30 minutes,
It is 9 with the sodium hydrate regulator solution PH of 2 mol/L, adds in 10.0 g 50 wt% 3- (trihydroxy silicyl) hydroxypropyl methyl
Phosphonic acids mono-sodium salt aqueous solution, when heating stirring reaction 24 is small at 100 DEG C, washing obtains the dioxy of phosphonate modification after purification
SiClx nano-particle.Be dispersed in tetrahydrofuran solution, add 40 mL concentrated hydrochloric acids, be stirred to react at room temperature 2 it is small when,
Sodium chloride salt is centrifuged off, product washing revolving drying obtains the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonic acids modification.By phosphonic acids modification
Nano particles of silicon dioxide is dissolved in deionized water, adds in 30 g, 70 wt% M2070 aqueous solutions, and heating stirring is anti-at 100 DEG C
Answer 24 it is small when after obtain the silica nanometer class fluid of organics modifications.It is washed using deionized water, ethyl alcohol and tetrahydrofuran
Filtering removes impurity, and followed by the further purified product of the osmotic bag of 20000 molecular weight, dry 24 is small at 80 DEG C of vacuum
When, obtain the silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups.Its grain size and heat decomposition temperature are characterized by TEM, TGA,
It the results are shown in Table 1.
2）The above-mentioned obtained silica nanometer class fluid for containing phosphonic acid functional groups is investigated it as lubricant to rub
It wipes and learns performance.
Embodiment 2
By oily polyethylene glycol PEG based on the obtained silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups of embodiment 1
（Mw~400）Additive, additive amount is 5 wt%, and ultrasonic disperse, which dissolves to obtain lubricant, investigates its tribological property.
Embodiment 3
Oily polyalphaolefin PAO4 based on the silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups that embodiment 1 is obtained
Additive, additive amount are 5 wt%, and ultrasonic disperse obtains lubricant and investigates its tribological property.
Embodiment 4
1）5 g, 30 wt% Nano particles of silicon dioxide aqueous solutions are weighed, are dispersed in 20 mL deionized waters, ultrasound 30 minutes,
It is 10 with the sodium hydrate regulator solution PH of 2 mol/L, adds in 3.8 g, 50 wt%（1- hydroxyls -3-（Methylpentylamino）Third
Fork）Di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-sodium salt aqueous solution, when heating stirring reaction 24 is small at 70 DEG C, washing obtains phosphonate modification after purification
Nano particles of silicon dioxide.It is dispersed in tetrahydrofuran solution, adds 40 mL concentrated nitric acids, it is small to be stirred to react 4 at room temperature
When, sodium chloride salt is centrifuged off, product washing revolving drying obtains the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonic acids modification.By above-mentioned phosphine
The Nano particles of silicon dioxide of acid modification is dissolved in deionized water, is added in 6.5 g, 70 wt% M2070 aqueous solutions, is added at 70 DEG C
The silica nanometer class fluid of organics modifications is obtained after when hot return stirring reaction 24 is small.Using deionized water, ethyl alcohol and
Tetrahydrofuran washing filtering, removes impurity, followed by the further purified product of the osmotic bag of 20000 molecular weight, 80 DEG C of vacuum
When lower drying 24 is small, the silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups is obtained.Its grain size and heat are characterized by TEM, TGA
As a result decomposition temperature sees attached list 1.
2）The silica nanometer class fluid for containing phosphonic acid functional groups of above-mentioned gained is investigated it as lubricant
Tribological property.
Embodiment 5
Oily polyethylene glycol PEG based on the silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups that embodiment 4 is obtained（Mw
~400）Additive, additive amount is 5 wt%, and ultrasonic disperse, which dissolves to obtain lubricant, investigates its tribological property.
Embodiment 6
Oily polyalphaolefin PAO4 based on the silica nanometer class fluid containing phosphonic acid functional groups that embodiment 4 is obtained
Additive, additive amount are 5 wt%, and ultrasonic disperse obtains lubricant and investigates its tribological property.
Comparative example 1：Comparative example 1 investigates pure polyethylene glycol PEG（Mw~400）Tribological property.
Comparative example 2：Comparative example 2 investigates the tribological property of pure polyalphaolefin PAO4.
The present invention is using SRV-IV micro-moving frictional wears tester in embodiment 1,2,3,4,5,6 and comparative example 1,2
Each material carries out frictional experiment.Test condition is：Ball disk contact mode, above try a diameter of 10 mm, and antithesis disk is diameter
24.0 mm, 7.9 mm of thickness are GCr15 stainless steels；50 N of test load, 25 Hz of frequency, 1 mm of amplitude, cycle 30 divide
Clock, 25 DEG C of temperature.After frictional experiment, using MicroXAM-3D test wear volumes, 2 are the results are shown in Table, table 2 is the present invention
The greasy property measurement result of lubricant prepared by embodiment and comparative example summarizes.
The grain size and heat decomposition temperature of the different nanometer class fluids of table 1.
As it can be seen from table 1 the nanometer class fluid grain size and heat decomposition temperature of different molecular structures are different, illustrate molecular structure pair
Physical and chemical performance has material impact.
Coefficient of friction and wear volume of the different nanometer class fluids of table 2. as lubricant and different basic oil additive
Result of study shows obtained silica nanometer class fluid of the invention as lubricant（Embodiment 1 and embodiment 4）With
Basic oil additive（Embodiment 2,3 and embodiment 5,6）With base oil（Comparative example 1,2）It compares, it is wear-resistant with excellent anti-attrition
Performance, the greasy property of base oil can be significantly improved as additive, and the presence of active element and functional group improves electric double layer
The film forming ability of adsorbed film and friction chemical reaction film.In addition, the molecular structure of nanometer class fluid to its physical and chemical performance and
Tribological property has material impact.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid, it is characterised in that such fluid is prepared by the following method：
1) Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonate grafting is prepared
Nano particles of silicon dioxide is soluble in water, lye is added to adjust pH to alkalescence, after ultrasonic disperse, by silica dioxide nano particle
Sub- suspension is added in the aqueous solution of the coating material with phosphonic acid functional groups, reacts 1-48 h, Ran Houchun at 20-150 DEG C
Change, strengthen acid by the cation replacement in product be hydrogen ion, drying for standby；
2) Nano particles of silicon dioxide by phosphonate grafting dissolves ultrasound, is added with stirring Amino End Group block copolymer in 20-
150 DEG C of reaction 1-48 h carry out ion exchange, and then purified rear progress drying process is to get novel nano class fluid.
2. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the silica dioxide nano particle
The grain size of son is 2~100 nm；The lye is at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and concentration is 2.0 mol/L；
The adjusting pH refers to alkalescence adjusts pH to 8-12.
3. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described with phosphonic acid functional groups
The molar ratio of coating material and Nano particles of silicon dioxide is 1:1-1:10.
4. the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the band phosphonic acid functional groups
Coating material be 5-65 wt% hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid salt coupling agent aqueous solution.
5. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the strong acid connects with phosphonate
The molar ratio of the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of branch is 1:1-1:10.
6. the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the strong acid is dense sulphur
At least one of acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid.
7. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Amino End Group block copolymerization
The molar ratio of object and the Nano particles of silicon dioxide of phosphonate grafting is 1:1-1:10.
8. the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that the Amino End Group block is total to
The general formula of polymers is NH2(CH3CHCH2O)nCH2(CH2O)nCH3, n=5-50.
9. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the Amino End Group block copolymerization
Object is Jeffamine M2070.
10. solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the purifying refers to reactant
System's revolving removes solvent, is washed with deionized water, ethyl alcohol or tetrahydrofuran, the dialysis for being then 3000-100000 with molecular weight
Film is dialysed, dry.
11. application of the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid as described in claim 1 as lubricant or basic oil additive.
12. application as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the base oil is polyethylene glycol, polyalphaolefin, atoleine
Or silicone oil.
13. application as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the additive amount of the solvent-free silica nanometer class fluid
For 0.5wt%-10wt%.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108949291A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | The solvent-free graphene oxide-loaded silica nanometer class fluid of one kind and its application |
| CN110591787A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Application of solvent-free carbon nanotube fluid |
| CN113105698A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 武汉纺织大学 | Wear-resistant material with thermal response and self-lubricating performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN116075581A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-05-05 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN116515321A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Solvent-free gadolinium-based fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116075581A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-05-05 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Lubricating oil composition |
| US20230257671A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-08-17 | Shell Oil Company | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN116075581B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2024-01-05 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN113105698A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 武汉纺织大学 | Wear-resistant material with thermal response and self-lubricating performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN113105698B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉纺织大学 | Wear-resistant material with thermal response and self-lubricating performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN116515321A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Solvent-free gadolinium-based fluid and preparation method thereof |
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