CN108083614B - Water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
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- C08F271/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of nitrogen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F26/00 on to polymers of monomers containing heterocyclic nitrogen
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Abstract
The invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent and application thereof, wherein the dehydrating agent is prepared by the following method: in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent. The dehydrating agent has high dissolving speed, full dissolution and small initial viscosity, so that the dehydrating agent has higher dehydrating effect; the sludge dewatering and reduction operation can be realized; the higher content of the diatomite obviously reduces the product cost and improves the market competitiveness. The specific resistance of the sludge in the sludge dehydration process is 2.82 multiplied by 1013～4.15×1013m/kg is reduced to 1.17X 1012～8.37×1012m/kg, and the capillary washing time is reduced from 124-158 s to 11.2-22.4 s.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dehydrating agents, in particular to a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent and application thereof.
Background
The sludge dehydration treatment is an important link in the municipal domestic sewage and industrial and agricultural wastewater treatment engineering, the volume of the dehydrated secondary sludge is reduced, the secondary pollution to the environment is reduced, and extremely favorable conditions are created for the comprehensive utilization of sludge resources. With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China and the further strictness of the sludge discharge standard, the demands of sludge dehydrating agents and other water treatment agents are greatly increased particularly after ten water items are taken out. According to government planning, the urban sewage treatment rate of over 50 ten thousand of population reaches 60%, and the urban sewage treatment rate of over 40% of population reaches 20 ten thousand. While municipal wastewater treatment has increased, the treatment of industrial wastewater, including sludge from water supply plants, has become increasingly sophisticated. The untreated sludge is directly discharged into water bodies such as rivers and lakes to become an important pollution source of the water bodies, and silts up and lifts river beds, so that the shipping, flood fighting and waterlogging draining capabilities of rivers are influenced. With the continuous improvement of the sewage treatment rate in China, a large amount of excess sludge is in an ascending trend, and according to statistics, the amount of dry sludge discharged in China is about 550-600 million tons every year. The sludge is used as a byproduct of water treatment, and contains a large amount of refractory organic matters, heavy metals and salts, pathogenic microorganisms and worm eggs; in addition, the residual sludge has fine and uneven particles, strong binding force with water, high water content and large specific resistance value of filtration, so the sludge has poor dehydration performance and large volume, and serious secondary pollution is caused if the sludge is not properly treated. At present, the domestic sludge treatment and disposal technology belongs to the starting stage, most of sludge is not subjected to harmless treatment, is directly used for farmland composting, landfill, river discarding and public environment, becomes a new pollution source, greatly occupies land, pollutes the environment and damages the health of people. How to realize sludge reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness and change sludge into valuables is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved in China at present.
Chinese patent CN100453471C discloses a flocculant prepared by directly compounding activated diatomite and a high polymer material and used for treating papermaking and printing and dyeing wastewater. The main flocculation effect of the flocculant comes from a high-molecular flocculation material part, and the structural characteristics of the diatomite are not fully exerted.
Chinese patents CN105481075A and CN105148833A disclose a method of preparing flocculant for industrial sewage treatment by physical blending using modified diatomite as adsorbent and polymeric flocculant, respectively. In the technical methods, the diatomite only serves as a filling material or an adsorption material to play a role in a system, so that the cost of the flocculant is reduced, and the flocculation performance of the product is inevitably reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent and an application thereof, wherein the dehydrating agent has a high dehydration effect.
The invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, which is prepared by the following method:
in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent.
Preferably, the ratio of the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer to the mass of the acrylamide is 1: 1-10;
the mass ratio of the water-soluble anionic monomer to the water-soluble cationic monomer is 1: 0.7-5.0;
the mass ratio of the diatomite to the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer is 0.1-40: 100.
Preferably, the cationic polymer is selected from one or more of poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), poly (acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) and poly (methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride);
the nonionic polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the cationic polymer is 15-100 ten thousand g/mol;
the molecular weight of the nonionic polymer is 15-100 ten thousand g/mol.
Preferably, the initiator is selected from one or more of persulfate type initiators, hydrogen peroxide type initiators and water-soluble azo type initiators.
Preferably, the inorganic salt in the aqueous inorganic salt solution is selected from one or more of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the particle size of the diatomite is 1-150 micrometers.
Preferably, the temperature of the copolymerization is 30-70 ℃;
the time for copolymerization is 4-12 h.
The invention provides a sludge dewatering method, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the sludge to be treated with the solid content of 0.1-10% with the water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent in the technical scheme to obtain the treated sludge.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dehydrating agent to the sludge to be treated is 0.2-0.5: 100.
The invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, which is prepared by the following method: in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent. The dehydrating agent provided by the invention has the characteristics of high dissolving speed, full dissolution and low initial viscosity, so that the dehydrating agent has a higher dehydrating effect. The experimental results show that: the specific resistance (R) of the sludge in the sludge dehydration process is from 2.82 multiplied by 1013～4.15×1013m/kg is reduced to 1.17X 1012～8.37×1012m/kg, and the capillary washing time (CST) is reduced from 124-158 s to 11.2-22.4 s.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the product prepared in example 4 of the present invention1HNMR spectrogram;
FIG. 2 shows IR spectra of diatomaceous earth (a), P (acrylic acid-acrylamide-methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) terpolymer (b) and product (c) prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, which is prepared by the following method:
in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent.
In an inorganic salt aqueous solution, a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer is used as a dispersion stabilizer, and a water-soluble zwitterionic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite are subjected to in-situ free radical graft copolymerization to prepare the zwitterionic graft polymer aqueous dispersion. The production process of the water-soluble polymer dispersion prepared by the invention is green and environment-friendly, and has the characteristics of high dissolution speed, full dissolution, small initial viscosity and the like. When the dehydrating agent is used for sludge flocculation dehydration treatment, the specific resistance (R) of sludge is small, the capillary washing time (CST) is short, and the sludge dehydration reduction operation can be efficiently realized. Meanwhile, the special branched structure of the diatomite composite dehydrating agent can effectively improve the dehydrating efficiency of the dehydrating agent, the higher content of diatomite can obviously reduce the product cost, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved.
The raw materials for preparing the water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent are not added with a calcium oxide modifying agent, so that the secondary pollution of the water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent to the environment can be reduced.
In the present invention, the inorganic salt in the aqueous inorganic salt solution is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate. The mass concentration of the inorganic salt water solution is preferably 15-42%. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic salt aqueous solution is specifically a 25% by mass sodium chloride aqueous solution, a 40% by mass potassium chloride aqueous solution, a 30% by mass ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, or a 24% by mass ammonium sulfate aqueous solution.
In the present invention, the cationic polymer is preferably selected from one or more of poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), poly (acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) and poly (methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride);
the nonionic polymer is preferably selected from polyvinyl alcohol and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the cationic polymer is preferably 15-100 ten thousand g/mol;
the molecular weight of the nonionic polymer is preferably 15-100 ten thousand g/mol.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the dispersion stabilizer is specifically poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) having a molecular weight of 25 ten thousand g/mol, poly (vinylpyrrolidone) having a molecular weight of 45 ten thousand g/mol, poly (methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) having a molecular weight of 80 ten thousand g/mol, or poly (acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) having a molecular weight of 20 ten thousand g/mol.
In the present invention, the water-soluble anionic monomer is preferably selected from acrylic anionic monomers; more preferably from acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid;
the water-soluble cationic monomer is preferably selected from acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride and/or methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride.
In the present invention, the initiator is selected from one or more of persulfate type initiators, hydrogen peroxide type initiators and water-soluble azo type initiators.
In the present invention, the diatomaceous earth is preferably selected from ordinary diatomaceous earth or partially hydrophobically modified diatomaceous earth; the particle size of the diatomite is 1-150 micrometers. The hydrophobic modified diatomite is preferably subjected to hydrophobic modification treatment by using a vinyl silane coupling agent, and the structural general formula of the vinyl silane coupling agent is C-R-Si (OR)3Wherein Si (OR)3Is siloxy and R is alkyl. The vinyl silane coupling agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriisopropenoxysilane and ethylsilaneOne or more alkenyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) oxysilanes. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the hydrophobically modified diatomaceous earth is vinyltriethoxysilane modified diatomaceous earth. The diatomite is used as a grafting main body, so that the treatment efficiency reduction caused by the entanglement and the twist of polymer chain segments can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the chemical structure of the in-situ grafting can more effectively ensure the extension configuration of the high-molecular chain segment and improve the utilization rate of ionic groups.
In the invention, the ratio of the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer to the mass of the acrylamide is preferably 1: 1-10; in specific embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the total mass of water-soluble anionic monomer, water-soluble cationic monomer and mass of acrylamide is specifically 1:1, 1:5, 1:8 or 1: 9.
The mass ratio of the water-soluble anionic monomer to the water-soluble cationic monomer is preferably 1: 0.7-5.0; in a particular embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the water-soluble anionic monomer to the water-soluble cationic monomer is in particular 1:1, 1:2.2, 1:3.5 or 1: 5.
The mass ratio of the diatomite to the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer is preferably 0.1-40: 100.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the initiator to the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer is preferably 0.1-5: 100.
In the invention, the copolymerization temperature is preferably 30-70 ℃, and more preferably 50-60 ℃; the time for copolymerization is preferably 4-12 h, and more preferably 8-12 h.
The invention provides a sludge dewatering method, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the sludge to be treated with the solid content of 0.1-10% with the water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent in the technical scheme to obtain the treated sludge.
The sludge to be treated is selected from leather sludge or papermaking sludge. In the invention, the mass ratio of the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dehydrating agent to the sludge to be treated is preferably 0.2-0.5: 100.
The invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, which is prepared by the following method: in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent. The dehydrating agent provided by the invention has the advantages of high dissolving speed, full dissolution, low initial viscosity and higher dehydrating effect. The experimental results show that: the specific resistance (R) of the sludge in the sludge dehydration process is from 2.82 multiplied by 1013～4.15×1013m/kg is reduced to 1.17X 1012～8.37×1012m/kg, and the capillary washing time (CST) is reduced from 124-158 s to 11.2-22.4 s.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given to describe the water dispersible diatomaceous earth composite flocculating and dehydrating agent and its application in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In 25% sodium chloride water solution, taking poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) with molecular weight of 25 ten thousand as dispersion stabilizer, and mixing zwitterionic monomers (acrylic acid and acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) and acrylamide according to the weight ratio of 1:2 (molar ratio) is put into a reaction bottle, wherein the ratio of acrylic acid to acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1:1 (molar ratio), water is added, diatomite (the adding amount of the diatomite is 25 percent of the total mass of the monomers) is added, and the mass concentration of the diatomite is adjusted to be 22.6 percent; then adding initiator ammonium persulfate with the mass of 0.1 percent of the monomer to carry out free radical copolymerization at the temperature of 50 ℃, and obtaining white milky dispersoid, namely the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, with the polymerization time of 12 hours.
The product prepared in this example was used to treat paper sludge having a solid content of 2.4% by weight, and when the amount of the flocculating and dehydrating agent used was 0.2% by weight, the specific sludge resistance (R) in the sludge dehydration step was changed from that in the case where the dehydrating agent was not added2.82×1013m/kg is reduced to 3.4X 1012m/kg, capillary wash water time (CST) decreased from 124s to 17.2 s.
The performance of the diatomite composite flocculation and dehydrating agent prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention on the dissolution time, the initial viscosity and the dissolution degree is tested, wherein the dissolution time test method comprises the following steps: preparing a diatomite composite dehydrating agent into a 0.5 wt% aqueous solution under the stirring condition, measuring the viscosity of the solution at fixed time intervals, wherein the time when the viscosity reaches the maximum value is the sample dissolving time, and the measuring temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃;
solution viscosity test method: the viscosity of the polymer solution is measured by an NDJ-2 rotational viscometer, and the test temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃;
method for measuring viscosity of dispersion: the viscosity of the dehydrating agent dispersion was measured by NDJ-2 rotational viscometer at a measuring temperature of 25. + -. 2 ℃.
Table 1 shows the results of the solubility and viscosity tests of the composite flocculating and dehydrating agent for diatomaceous earth prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention:
TABLE 1 solubility and viscosity test results of the diatomaceous earth composite flocculating and dehydrating agent prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention
Example 2
In 40% by mass potassium chloride aqueous solution, with poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) having a molecular weight of 45 ten thousand as a dispersion stabilizer, a zwitterionic monomer (methacrylic acid and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) and acrylamide were mixed in a ratio of 1:5 (molar ratio) is put into a reaction bottle, wherein the ratio of methacrylic acid to methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1:2.2 (molar ratio), water is added, and kieselguhr (the adding amount of the kieselguhr is 40 percent of the total mass of the monomers) is added to adjust the mass concentration to be 30.5 percent; then adding initiator ammonium persulfate with the mass of 0.5 percent of the monomer to carry out free radical copolymerization at the temperature of 50 ℃, and obtaining white milky dispersoid, namely the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, with the polymerization time of 8 hours.
The leather sludge with 3.0 percent (weight percentage) of solid content is treated by the product prepared in the example, and when the dosage of the flocculation dehydrating agent is 0.25 percent (weight percentage), compared with the condition without the dehydrating agent, the sludge specific resistance (R) in the sludge dehydration process is from 4.15 multiplied by 1013m/kg is reduced to 5.11X 1012m/kg, capillary wash water time (CST) decreased from 158s to 20.7 s.
Example 3
In 30% ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, taking poly (methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) with molecular weight of 80 ten thousand as dispersion stabilizer, and mixing zwitterionic monomer (acrylic acid and acryloxyethyl benzyl ammonium chloride) and acrylamide according to the ratio of 1:8 (molar ratio) is put into a reaction bottle, wherein the ratio of methacrylic acid to methacryloyloxyethylbenzylammonium chloride is 1:3.5 (molar ratio), water is added, and diatomite (the adding amount of the diatomite is 15 percent of the total mass of the monomers) is added to adjust the mass concentration to be 18 percent; then adding initiator ammonium persulfate with the mass of 2 percent of the monomer to carry out free radical copolymerization at the temperature of 60 ℃, and obtaining white milky dispersoid, namely the water-dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, with the polymerization time of 10 hours.
The leather sludge with 3.0 percent (weight percentage) of solid content is treated by the product prepared in the example, and when the dosage of the flocculation dehydrating agent is 0.25 percent (weight percentage), compared with the condition without the dehydrating agent, the sludge specific resistance (R) in the sludge dehydration process is from 4.15 multiplied by 1013The m/kg is reduced to 8.37 multiplied by 1012m/kg, capillary wash water time (CST) decreased from 158s to 22.4 s.
Example 4
In an ammonium sulfate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 24%, poly (acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) with the molecular weight of 20 ten thousand is used as a dispersion stabilizer, and a zwitterionic monomer (acrylic acid and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) and acrylamide are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:9 (molar ratio) is put into a reaction bottle, wherein the ratio of acrylic acid to methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1:5 (molar ratio), water is added, and kieselguhr (the adding amount of the kieselguhr is 25 percent of the total mass of the monomers) is added to adjust the mass concentration to be 27.5 percent; then adding initiator ammonium persulfate with the mass of 0.35 percent of the monomer to carry out free radical copolymerization at the temperature of 50 ℃, and obtaining white milky dispersoid, namely the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, with the polymerization time of 12 hours.
The product prepared in this example was used for treating paper sludge having a solid content of 2.4% by weight, and the specific sludge resistance (R) in the sludge dewatering process was from 2.82X 10 when the amount of the flocculating and dehydrating agent used was 0.2% by weight, as compared with the case where no dehydrating agent was added13m/kg is reduced to 1.17X 1012m/kg, capillary Wash Water time (CST) decreased from 124s to 11.2 s.
The product prepared in example 4 was subjected to the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy test of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 shows the product prepared in example 4 of the present invention1H NMR spectrum; as can be seen from fig. 1: (a) is-CH in acrylamide2-proton resonance peak(s), (b) is assigned to-CH-structure in acrylamide, while-CH-structure in methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride2The proton resonance peak at-is (c), and (e) and (f) are proton resonance peaks at the side chain of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride molecule, at-CH3Then (d) and (g).
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of diatomaceous earth (a), a terpolymer of P (acrylic acid/acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) (b) and a product (c) prepared in example 4; as can be seen from fig. 2: 1098cm-1The peak of Si-O-Si antisymmetric stretching vibration in diatomite is 794 and 466cm-1Is the stretching vibration peak of Si-O. In FIG. b, 1452cm-1And 952cm-1Each of which is 3380cm and is ascribed to a methyl structure in the quaternary ammonium salt-1And 1666cm-1Respectively, the expansion vibration peaks of N-H and C ═ O in acrylamide, and the absorption peaks of C-H structures in methyl and methylene in a P (acrylic acid/acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) terpolymer are 2945cm-1。3420cm-1And 1668cm-1Respectively represents the stretching vibration peak of N-H and C ═ O in acrylamide, and is 2943cm-1The absorption peak is assigned to the C-H structure in the methyl group in the P (acrylic acid/acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) terpolymer.These characteristic peaks are all clearly visible in the product (FIG. 2 c). Thus, the monomers and diatomaceous earth are all involved in the polymerization reaction.
Example 5
In an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate with a mass concentration of 22.5%, polyvinylpyrrolidone with a molecular weight of 15 ten thousand was used as a dispersion stabilizer, and a zwitterionic monomer (acrylic acid and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) and acrylamide were mixed in a ratio of 1: 2.5 (molar ratio) is put into a reaction bottle, wherein the ratio of acrylic acid to methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1:1 (molar ratio), water is added, and vinyltriethoxysilane modified diatomite (the adding amount of the diatomite is 20 percent of the total mass of the zwitterionic monomer) is added to adjust the mass concentration to be 18.5 percent; then adding initiator ammonium persulfate with the mass of 0.15 percent of the monomer to carry out free radical copolymerization at the temperature of 50 ℃, and obtaining white milky dispersoid, namely the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent, with the polymerization time of 12 hours.
The product prepared in this example was used for treating paper sludge having a solid content of 2.4% by weight, and the specific sludge resistance (R) in the sludge dewatering process was from 2.82X 10 when the amount of the flocculating and dehydrating agent used was 0.2% by weight, as compared with the case where no dehydrating agent was added13m/kg is reduced to 2.05X 1012m/kg, capillary Wash Water time (CST) decreased from 124s to 18.9 s.
Comparative example 1
The dehydration effect test of paper making sludge (sludge solid content: 2.4 wt%, dehydrating agent amount 0.2%) and leather sludge (sludge solid content: 3.0 wt%, dehydrating agent amount 0.25%) was carried out using commercial cationic sludge dehydrating agent with molecular weight of about 850-1000 ten thousand, cationic degree 40%, and the results are shown in table 2, which is the dehydration effect of the dehydrating agent used in comparative example 1:
TABLE 2 dehydration Effect of the dehydrating reagent used in comparative example 1
| Papermaking sludge | Leather sludge | |
| Sludge specific resistance (m/kg) | 7.28×1012 | 1.76×1013 |
| Capillary water absorption time(s) | 27.5 | 34.2 |
From the above examples, the invention provides a water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dewatering agent, which is prepared by the following method: in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain the dispersed diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent. The dehydrating agent provided by the invention has the advantages of high dissolving speed, full dissolution, low initial viscosity and higher dehydrating effect. The experimental results show that: the specific resistance (R) of the sludge in the sludge dehydration process is from 2.82 multiplied by 1013～4.15×1013m/kg is reduced to 1.17X 1012～8.37×1012m/kg, and the capillary washing time (CST) is reduced from 124-158 s to 11.2-22.4 s.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent is prepared by the following method:
in an inorganic salt aqueous solution medium, taking a cationic polymer or a nonionic polymer as a dispersion stabilizer, and carrying out in-situ free radical graft copolymerization on a water-soluble anionic monomer, a water-soluble cationic monomer, acrylamide and diatomite under an initiator to obtain a dispersion type diatomite composite flocculation dehydrating agent;
the ratio of the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer to the mass of the acrylamide is 1: 1-10;
the mass ratio of the water-soluble anionic monomer to the water-soluble cationic monomer is 1: 0.7-5.0;
the mass ratio of the diatomite to the total mass of the water-soluble anionic monomer and the water-soluble cationic monomer is 0.1-40: 100;
the cationic polymer is selected from one or more of poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), poly (acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) and poly (methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride);
the nonionic polymer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidone;
the molecular weight of the cationic polymer is 15-100 ten thousand g/mol;
the molecular weight of the nonionic polymer is 15-100 ten thousand g/mol;
the water-soluble anionic monomer is selected from acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid;
the water-soluble cationic monomer is selected from acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and/or methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the temperature of the copolymerization is 30-70 ℃;
the time for copolymerization is 4-12 h.
2. The water dispersible diatomaceous earth composite flocculating and dehydrating agent of claim 1, wherein the initiator is selected from one or more of persulfate type initiators, hydrogen peroxide type initiators and water soluble azo type initiators.
3. The water dispersible diatomaceous earth composite flocculation dewatering agent of claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt in the aqueous solution of inorganic salt is selected from one or more of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate.
4. The water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dewatering agent according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the diatomite is 1-150 μm.
5. A method of dewatering sludge comprising the steps of:
mixing sludge to be treated with a solid content of 0.1-10% with the water dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dewatering agent according to any one of claims 1-4 to obtain treated sludge.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the water-dispersible diatomite composite flocculation and dewatering agent to the sludge to be treated is 0.2-0.5: 100.
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