CN108082270B

CN108082270B - Articulated steering tractor

Info

Publication number: CN108082270B
Application number: CN201810069893.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄昭斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-01-24
Filing date: 2018-01-24
Publication date: 2024-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-24
Also published as: CN108082270A

Abstract

The utility model provides a articulated steering tractor, relate to agricultural machine technical field, it includes preceding frame, back frame, the engine, the gearbox, two preceding side running wheels and two back side running wheels, preceding frame is articulated through the vertical axis with back frame, be equipped with the steering gear on the back frame, the steering gear passes through steering spindle connection steering wheel and transmits the rotatory action of steering wheel to a cross axle with steering spindle vertically, the one end of cross axle is connected with the steering pull rod, transversely install a hollow fixed pipe on the back frame, wear to be equipped with a rotatable gangbar in the fixed pipe, the both ends of gangbar stretch out from the fixed pipe and fixedly connected with left pendulum rod and right pendulum rod respectively, left pendulum rod and right pendulum rod are all perpendicular with the gangbar, left pendulum rod's one end is articulated with the steering pull rod through left connecting rod, right pendulum rod's right rear portion is articulated with preceding frame to right pendulum rod's one end. The invention has flexible steering and easier operation, and can maintain better stability in the steering process.

Description

Articulated steering tractor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a bowing steering tractor.

Background

With the continuous development of the economy in China, the agricultural mechanization is strongly promoted, and meanwhile, the process is advanced in the direction of gradual standardization. Agricultural machinery such as tractors are very popular in rural areas, how to make the tractor work efficiency high, the security is good, be convenient for operation etc. become the research focus of current trade development. When the traditional tractor steers during running, the operation is heavy, the steering action amplitude is large, the steering is inconvenient, the existing articulated steering tractor is convenient and safe to operate and is widely applied. In chinese patent CN103144539a, a four-wheel drive articulated steering multipurpose tractor is disclosed, which uses the telescopic action of a steering cylinder to push or pull a front axle, so that the whole front frame rotates around a vertical shaft, and the steering of the whole tractor is realized, the turning radius is small, and the steering smoothness is good, but in actual operation, especially in-situ steering, the steering cylinder is often required to rotate a plurality of turns to drive the front frame to completely realize the steering, so that the steering action is very dull, and besides, the steering is realized by using one steering cylinder alone, and good stability cannot be maintained, and if jolt or other conditions are encountered during the steering, the steering action may be possibly deviated to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a articulated steering tractor which is flexible in steering, easier to operate and better in stability in the steering process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a articulated steering tractor, includes preceding frame, back frame, engine, gearbox, installs in two preceding side travelling wheel of preceding frame and install in two back side travelling wheel of back frame, the middle part of preceding frame rear end is articulated through the vertical axis with the middle part of back frame front end, engine transmission is connected with the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic tank, be equipped with the steering gear that is connected with hydraulic pump and hydraulic tank on the back frame, the steering gear passes through steering shaft connection steering wheel and transmits the rotation action of steering wheel to a cross axle perpendicular with the steering shaft, the one end of cross axle is connected with the steering pull rod, transversely install a hollow fixed pipe on the back frame, wear to be equipped with a rotatable gangbar in the fixed pipe, the both ends of gangbar stretch out and respectively fixedly connected with left pendulum rod and right pendulum rod from the fixed pipe, left pendulum rod and pendulum rod are all perpendicular with the gangbar, the one end of left pendulum rod is articulated with the steering pull rod through left and right cross axle, the one end of right pendulum rod passes through right side and the articulated front and the connecting rod, the steering shaft is passed through the steering shaft and is rotated with the steering shaft and is rotated the steering shaft and is driven the steering shaft and is rotated the whole steering shaft is driven or is pulled by the steering shaft to turn around the front or is makeed and is pulled the steering shaft to turn around and turn around the front or to swing rod.

Further, the steering gear comprises a worm coaxially connected with the steering shaft and a worm wheel connected with the worm, the worm wheel and the worm are arranged in a shell, the shell is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet is communicated with the oil outlet end of the hydraulic pump through a pipeline, the oil outlet is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, and the worm wheel is in transmission connection with the transverse shaft.

Furthermore, a connecting block is detachably arranged at the right rear part of the front frame, a rod part is fixedly connected to the connecting block, one end of the rod part faces to the rear, and one end of the right connecting rod is hinged with one end of the rod part through a pin shaft.

Still further, still be equipped with left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder between preceding frame and the back frame, the bottom of left pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the left front portion of back frame, the top of left pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the left rear portion of preceding frame, the bottom of right pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the right front portion of back frame, the top of right pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the right rear portion of preceding frame, the oil pocket of left pneumatic cylinder and the oil pocket of right pneumatic cylinder pass through the pipeline intercommunication.

Further, an output shaft of the gearbox is in transmission connection with a transfer case, the transfer case is provided with a front output shaft and a rear output shaft, and the front output shaft and the rear output shaft are respectively in transmission connection with a front traveling wheel and a rear traveling wheel, so that power conversion of front driving, rear driving or simultaneous front driving and rear driving is realized.

Preferably, the front output shaft is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the front traveling wheel through a universal joint; the rear output shaft is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the rear traveling wheel through a universal joint.

More preferably, the engine output shaft is in driving connection with the gearbox via a universal joint.

More preferably, the fixing tube is welded to the rear frame.

More preferably, the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are both iron rods and the surfaces of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are coated with rust-proof paint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the articulated steering tractor turns in the running process, the steering wheel is rotated, the steering shaft is rotated, the transverse shafts synchronously rotate at the moment, so that the steering pull rod is driven to swing, if the steering wheel is driven leftwards or rightwards, the steering pull rod can be used for pulling or pushing the left swing rod, under the action of the linkage rod, the right swing rod and the left swing rod synchronously swing, at the moment, the right connecting rod can be pushed or pulled by the right swing rod, the pushing or pulling force is further transmitted to the front frame, the right rear part of the front frame is pushed, the whole front frame drives the front travelling wheel to deflect leftwards, and the whole front frame is pulled to drive the front travelling wheel to deflect rightwards, so that the steering is easily realized, the whole process is very flexible to operate, and the steering is better in stability, and especially, when the turning amplitude is larger, the steering wheel can be quickly realized without driving a plurality of turns.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a left side schematic view of an overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side schematic view of a part of the structure of the position of the steering gear in the embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the steering gear according to the embodiment.

The reference numerals are:

1-front frame 2-rear frame 3-front side travelling wheel

4-rear side travelling wheel 5-vertical shaft 6-engine

7-hydraulic pump 8 a-steering shaft 8 b-worm

8 c-worm wheel 8 d-shell 8 e-transverse shaft

9-steering tie rod 10-linkage rod 11 a-left swing rod

11 b-right swing rod 12 a-left connecting rod 12 b-right connecting rod

13-connecting block 13 a-stem 14-transfer case.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, to which reference is made, but which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, may be in communication with each other between two elements, may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to circumstances.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a articulated steering tractor comprises a front frame 1, a rear frame 2, an engine 6, a gear box, two front traveling wheels 3 arranged on the front frame 1 and two rear traveling wheels 4 arranged on the rear frame 2, wherein the middle part of the rear end of the front frame 1 is hinged with the middle part of the front end of the rear frame 2 through a vertical shaft 5, the engine 6 is in transmission connection with a hydraulic pump 7, the hydraulic pump 7 is connected with a hydraulic oil tank, the engine 6 is arranged on the front frame 1, a cab is arranged on the rear frame 2, an output shaft of the engine 6 is in transmission connection with the gear box in the cab through a universal joint, a steering gear connected with the hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic oil tank is arranged on the rear frame 2, the steering gear is connected with a steering wheel in the cab through a steering shaft 8a and transmits the rotating motion of the steering wheel to a transverse shaft 8e vertical to the steering shaft 8a, one end of the transverse shaft 8e is connected with a steering pull rod 9, a hollow fixed pipe is transversely arranged on the rear frame 2, a rotatable linkage rod 10 is penetrated in the fixed pipe, two ends of the linkage rod 10 extend out of the fixed pipe and are respectively fixedly connected with a left swing rod 11a and a right swing rod 11b, the left swing rod 11a and the right swing rod 11b are perpendicular to the linkage rod 10, one end of the left swing rod 11a is hinged with a steering pull rod 9 through a left connecting rod 12a, one end of the right swing rod 11b is hinged with the right rear part of the front frame 1 through a right connecting rod 12b, a steering shaft 8a can drive a transverse shaft 8e to rotate through a steering wheel, the steering pull rod 9 swings, the steering pull rod 9 pulls or pushes the left swing rod 11a to enable the right swing rod 11b to be synchronously pulled or pushed, the right swing rod 11b is pushed or pulled, finally, the whole front frame 1 drives a front travelling wheel 3 to deflect left or deflect right under the pushing or pulling of the right connecting rod 12b, thereby realizing steering.

When the articulated steering tractor provided in the above embodiment turns during running, the steering shaft 8a rotates by rotating the steering wheel, at this time, the transverse shaft 8e rotates synchronously with the steering shaft 8a, so as to drive the steering pull rod 9 to swing, if the steering wheel is driven leftwards or rightwards, the steering pull rod 9 can pull or push the left swing rod 11a, under the action of the linkage rod 10, the right swing rod 11b swings synchronously with the left swing rod 11a, at this time, the right connecting rod 12b can be pushed or pulled by the right swing rod 11b, and then the pushing or pulling force is transmitted to the front frame 1, the whole front frame 1 drives the front travelling wheel 3 to deflect leftwards, and the whole front frame 1 drives the front travelling wheel 3 to deflect rightwards when being pulled, so that the steering is easily realized, the whole process is very flexible to operate, and the stability is better, and especially when the turning amplitude is larger, the steering wheel is not required to be driven for a plurality of turns.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the engine 6 is disposed on the front frame 1, and the cab is disposed on the rear frame 2, which is a preferred solution in this embodiment, and the cab and the engine 6 may be disposed on the front frame 1, or the cab and the engine 6 may be disposed on the rear frame 2, but if the positions of the engine 6 and the cab are respectively located on two different frames, it is necessary to connect the output shaft of the engine 6 and the gearbox in the cab by using universal joints in the above manner to ensure smooth steering.

Further, the steering gear comprises a worm 8b coaxially connected with the steering shaft 8a and a worm wheel 8c connected with the worm 8b, the worm wheel 8c and the worm 8b are arranged in a shell 8d, the shell 8d is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet is communicated with the oil outlet end of the hydraulic pump 7 through a pipeline, the oil outlet is communicated with a hydraulic oil tank, and the worm wheel 8c is in transmission connection with the transverse shaft 8 e.

Still further, the right rear portion of the front frame 1 is detachably provided with a connecting block 13, a rod portion 13a is fixedly connected to the connecting block 13, one end of the rod portion 13a faces to the rear, one end of a right connecting rod 12b is hinged with one end of the rod portion 13a through a pin shaft, the force of the right connecting rod 12b is transmitted to the front frame 1 through the connecting block 13, maintenance and maintenance on a connecting position can be facilitated, and the connecting block 13 is detachable, so that later replacement is also facilitated.

Still further still be equipped with left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder between preceding frame 1 and the back frame 2, the bottom of left pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the left front portion of back frame 2, the top of left pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the left rear portion of preceding frame 1, the bottom of right pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the right front portion of back frame 2, the top of right pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the right rear portion of preceding frame 1, and, the oil pocket of left pneumatic cylinder and the oil pocket of right pneumatic cylinder pass through the pipeline intercommunication, when this tractor turns to, corresponding pneumatic cylinder can passively carry out flexible action, because two pneumatic cylinders intercommunication, need not to install additional oil tank again, when one of them pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is stretched out, another pneumatic cylinder telescopic link then shortens, vice versa, after connecting preceding frame 1 and back frame 2 through left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder like this, can further improve the stability of whole tractor when turning to.

Still further, the output shaft transmission of the gearbox is also connected with a transfer case 14, the transfer case 14 is provided with a front output shaft and a rear output shaft, the front output shaft and the rear output shaft are respectively connected with the front traveling wheel 3 and the rear traveling wheel 4 in a transmission way, therefore, the power conversion of the front drive, the rear drive or the front and rear drive simultaneously can be realized, and especially when the power is slightly insufficient on an ascending slope, the front traveling wheel 3 and the rear traveling wheel 4 can be driven simultaneously to improve the power.

Preferably, the front output shaft is in driving connection with the drive shaft of the front travelling wheel 3 via a universal joint, the rear output shaft is in driving connection with the drive shaft of the rear travelling wheel 4 via a universal joint, and the connected drive shafts do not have to be arranged coaxially via the universal joint, so that the drive shafts can be mounted in connection with the specific construction of the tractor, whereby the transfer case 14, the gearbox together with the cab can be arranged on the rear frame 2 or the transfer case 14, the gearbox together with the cab can be arranged on the front frame 1.

In addition, in the present embodiment, more preferably, the fixing tube is welded on the rear frame 2, so that the fixing tube has better firmness, and the left connecting rod 12a and the right connecting rod 12b are both iron rods, and the surfaces of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are coated with rust-proof paint, so that the cost of raw materials is lower.

The foregoing embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and in addition, the present invention may be implemented in other ways, and any obvious substitution is within the scope of the present invention without departing from the concept of the present invention.

In order to facilitate understanding of the improvements of the present invention over the prior art, some of the figures and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified, and some other elements have been omitted from this document for clarity, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a articulated steering tractor, includes preceding frame (1), back frame (2), engine (6), gearbox, installs in two front side running wheels (3) of preceding frame (1) and installs in two rear side running wheels (4) of back frame (2), preceding frame (1) articulates together with back frame (2), its characterized in that: the engine (6) is in transmission connection with the hydraulic pump (7), the hydraulic pump (7) is connected with the hydraulic oil tank, the rear frame (2) is provided with a steering gear connected with the hydraulic pump (7) and the hydraulic oil tank, the steering gear is connected with a steering wheel through a steering shaft (8 a) and transmits the rotation action of the steering wheel to a transverse shaft (8 e) perpendicular to the steering shaft (8 a), one end of the transverse shaft (8 e) is connected with a steering pull rod (9), a hollow fixed pipe is transversely arranged on the rear frame (2), a rotatable linkage rod (10) is penetrated in the fixed pipe, two ends of the linkage rod (10) extend out of the fixed pipe and are respectively fixedly connected with a left swing rod (11 a) and a right swing rod (11 b), one end of the left swing rod (11 a) is hinged with the steering pull rod (9) through a left connecting rod (12 a), one end of the right swing rod (11 b) is hinged with the steering pull rod (9), the right swing rod (11 b) is driven by the steering rod (8 b) to rotate synchronously, and the swing rod (8 a) is driven by the swing rod (8 a) to rotate synchronously, and then make right pendulum rod (11 b) promote or pull right connecting rod (12 b), finally under the promotion or the pulling of right connecting rod (12 b), whole preceding frame (1) drive front side travelling wheel (3) deflection left or deflection right to realize turning to, engine (6) output shaft passes through universal joint transmission with the gearbox and is connected, the fixed pipe welding is on back frame (2).

2. The articulated steering tractor of claim 1, wherein: the steering gear comprises a worm (8 b) coaxially connected with a steering shaft (8 a) and a worm wheel (8 c) connected with the worm (8 b), the worm wheel (8 c) and the worm (8 b) are arranged in a shell (8 d), the shell (8 d) is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet is communicated with an oil outlet end of a hydraulic pump (7) through a pipeline, the oil outlet is communicated with a hydraulic oil tank, and the worm wheel (8 c) is in transmission connection with a transverse shaft (8 e).

3. The articulated steering tractor of claim 1, wherein: the right rear part of the front frame (1) is detachably provided with a connecting block (13), a rod part (13 a) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (13), one end of the rod part (13 a) faces to the rear, and one end of a right connecting rod (12 b) is hinged with one end of the rod part (13 a) through a pin shaft.

4. The articulated steering tractor of claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with left pneumatic cylinder and right pneumatic cylinder between preceding frame (1) and back frame (2), the bottom of left pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the left front portion of back frame (2), the top of left pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the left rear portion of preceding frame (1), the bottom of right pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the right front portion of back frame (2), the top of right pneumatic cylinder telescopic link is articulated with the right rear portion of preceding frame (1), the oil pocket of left pneumatic cylinder passes through the pipeline intercommunication with the oil pocket of right pneumatic cylinder.

5. The articulated steering tractor of claim 1, wherein: the output shaft transmission of gearbox is connected with transfer case (14), transfer case (14) are equipped with preceding output shaft and back output shaft, preceding output shaft and back output shaft respectively with preceding side running wheel (3) and back side running wheel (4) transmission connection to be used for realizing the power conversion of precursor or rear-drive or simultaneous precursor and rear-drive.

6. The articulated steering tractor of claim 5, wherein: the front output shaft is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the front traveling wheel (3) through a universal joint; the rear output shaft is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the rear traveling wheel (4) through a universal joint.

7. The articulated steering tractor of claim 1, wherein: the left connecting rod (12 a) and the right connecting rod (12 b) are iron rods, and the surfaces of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are coated with antirust paint.