CN108080603A - It is a kind of to reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section - Google Patents
It is a kind of to reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section Download PDFInfo
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- CN108080603A CN108080603A CN201711223372.0A CN201711223372A CN108080603A CN 108080603 A CN108080603 A CN 108080603A CN 201711223372 A CN201711223372 A CN 201711223372A CN 108080603 A CN108080603 A CN 108080603A
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- single crystal
- section
- cross
- abrupt change
- super alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B30/00—Production of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the action of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or other specific physical conditions
- C30B30/02—Production of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the action of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or other specific physical conditions using electric fields, e.g. electrolysis
Abstract
The present invention relates to metal materials to solidify control field, is specially a kind of method for reducing stray crystal formation at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section.During single crystal super alloy oriented growth, local overcooling is easily formed since heat dissipation is very fast at the abrupt change of cross-section and form stray crystal.This method is to apply DC current in single crystal super alloy casting directional solidification process, utilize the resistivity contrasts between solid-liquid phase and between different temperatures melt, edge of the electric current at the abrupt change of cross-section is made to form segregation, thus more Joule heats are generated in temperature lower position, the local overcooling at the abrupt change of cross-section is mitigated or eliminated, is inclined to so as to reduce or eliminate stray crystal forming core and growth.The generation that the present invention reduces stray crystal at the abrupt change of cross-section by applying DC current in single crystal super alloy growth course, it is good to obtain orientation uniformity, the single crystal organization of even tissue densification solves the problems, such as easily to form stray crystal at the abrupt change of cross-section in casting single crystal high temperature alloy structural member at present.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal materials to solidify control field, is specially miscellaneous at a kind of reduction single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section
The method that crystalline substance is formed.
Background technology
Single crystal super alloy casting is the key component for manufacturing advanced engine, and tissue integrity is to ensure that its is high performance
Important prerequisite.However, for there are the single crystal super alloy casting of the abrupt change of cross-section, the abrupt change of cross-section during directional solidification casting
The edge at place is very fast due to radiating, and easily forms local overcooling, when supercooling meets forming core and growth conditions, generation stray crystal at this
Growth, the serious performance for reducing single crystal casting.In current actual production, using high speed freezing method (HRS) or liquid gold
Belong to cooling method (LMC) can preferably to be controlled for crystal growth macro temperature field.However, for being dashed forward by controlling sections
Local temperature field still lacks effective ways at present to reduce the stray crystal of single crystal casting and be formed at change.
Apply current field in metal material solidifies preparation process, generate a variety of objects such as Joule heat in the melt using electric current
Effect is managed, the temperature field in metal solidification process and solute field can be changed, so as to fulfill the control to solidified structure, correlative study
After for many years.Document shows that the solidification group of the various metals material including high temperature alloy can be improved using electric current solidification
It knits.Applicant's early-stage study shows that interdendritic can be reduced by applying DC current during single crystal super alloy oriented growth
Away from mitigation is segregated, and improves the room temperature tensile properties and enduring quality of single crystal alloy.But correlative study is only for the constant list of diameter
Wafer stick is not directed to variable cross-section casting.In addition, it is ground on stray crystal at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section is reduced using electric current
Study carefully, have no relevant report at present.
The content of the invention
The method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section is reduced it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, solution
The problem of certainly easily forming stray crystal at the abrupt change of cross-section in casting single crystal high temperature alloy structural member at present, suitable for preparing various sections
The single crystal super alloy casting of face mutation.
Technical scheme is as follows：
It is a kind of to reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, by determining in single crystal super alloy casting
Apply DC current into process of setting, eliminate the stray crystal at its abrupt change of cross-section, obtain the good monocrystalline high temperature of tissue integrity
Alloy-steel casting；Single crystal super alloy mother alloy melt is injected to preheated formwork or mold, formwork or mold are fixed on water cooling
It on disk, is slowly moved down under the drive of pull device, realizes directional solidification, apply DC current in the process with controlling sections
Local temperature field at mutation, until entire casting solidifies completely, the list without stray crystal or few stray crystal at the final obtained abrupt change of cross-section
Brilliant high-temperature alloy casting.
Described reduces the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, the lower monocrystalline high temperature of DC current effect
When prepared by alloy-steel casting, current density is 20~200A/cm2, the function of current time is that solidification starts to entire single crystal casting to coagulate
Consolidate beam.
Described reduces the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, the lower monocrystalline high temperature of DC current effect
When prepared by alloy-steel casting, 20~100 DEG C of melt overheat temperature when processing starts.
Described reduces the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, the lower monocrystalline high temperature of DC current effect
When prepared by alloy-steel casting, 1000~1200 DEG C of formwork or mold preheating temperature.
Described reduces the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, the lower monocrystalline high temperature of DC current effect
When prepared by alloy-steel casting, aqueous cold plate moves down 20~200 μm/s of speed.
Described reduces the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, and this method is used for different structure monocrystalline
The preparation of high-temperature alloy casting.
The design philosophy of the present invention is as follows：
Apply DC current in single crystal super alloy casting directional solidification preparation process, using electric current segregation distribution and
Two kinds of effects of Joule heat improve the local temperature field at the abrupt change of cross-section, realize the purpose that stray crystal is reduced or eliminated.(1) segregation is imitated
It should：In single crystal growth process, very fast due to radiating at the abrupt change of cross-section, relatively low by near part temperature, the resistivity of edge is less than
Centre, electric current select prioritizing selection from these temperature lower positions by generating the segregation of electric current, thus passing through the abrupt change of cross-section
The current density for locating the relatively low edge of temperature is more than the current density in the higher centre of temperature；(2) joule heating effect：Monocrystalline
Due to being passed through electric current in growth course, the electric current of edge segregation generates more Joule heats, so as to form certain temperature-compensating
Mechanism so that edge and the temperature difference in centre, which reduce, at the abrupt change of cross-section even eliminates, and advantageously ensures that the flat of macroscopic interface
Directly, the local overcooling at the abrupt change of cross-section is reduced or eliminated, mitigates stray crystal forming core and the tendency of growth at this from thermodynamic condition,
Be conducive to the tissue integrity at the single crystal casting abrupt change of cross-section, to meet to the increasingly harsh tissue of single crystal super alloy casting and
Performance requirement.
The present invention reduces or eliminates its section by applying DC current in single crystal super alloy casting directional solidification process
The formation of stray crystal at the mutation of face.Using electric current, two kinds of effects of segregation distribution and Joule heat improve at the abrupt change of cross-section at solid liquid interface
Local temperature field, mitigate the tendency of stray crystal forming core and growth from thermodynamic condition, be conducive to improve single crystal casting section and dash forward
Tissue integrity at change meets industrially to the tissue and performance requirement of single crystal super alloy casting.
Compared with prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1. using the present invention being improved on the basis of traditional HRS or LMC single crystal castings equipment and technique, introducing carries
For the power supply and electrode of DC current, traditional equipment and technological parameter need not be changed greatly, have that equipment is simple, operation
Conveniently, safety is easy, can prepare the advantages that various structure single crystal super alloy casting.
It 2., can be at pair cross-section mutation using the present invention compared with traditional HRS or LMC single crystal super alloys casting technique
Temperature field carries out Partial controll, therefore can efficiently reduce the formation of stray crystal, prepares the good monocrystalline high temperature of tissue integrity
Alloy-steel casting.
3. compared with using the methods of changing topical dye thickness, can be easier to implement using the present invention, due to electric current
Aggregate effect so that macroscopical solid-liquid interface shape has certain adjust automatically ability under the conditions of this method, available for manufacture not
With labyrinth single crystal super alloy casting.
4. compared with the electromagnetic field solidification control method of high voltage, the current density that the present invention uses is small, and is direct current
Electric current, avoids forced convertion caused by forming electromagnetic force in solid liquid interface forward position, and be conducive to single crystal organization stablizes growth；Separately
Outside, since current density is small, voltage is low, therefore security is preferable, is easily promoted and applied in actually growing.
5. during single crystal super alloy oriented growth, due to the very fast easily formation local overcooling that radiates at the abrupt change of cross-section
And form stray crystal.The method of the present invention is to apply DC current in single crystal super alloy casting directional solidification process, utilizes solid-liquid
Resistivity contrasts between phase and between different temperatures melt make edge of the electric current at the abrupt change of cross-section form segregation, thus
More Joule heats are generated in temperature lower position, the local overcooling at the abrupt change of cross-section are mitigated or eliminated, so as to reduce or eliminate
Stray crystal forming core and growth are inclined to.The present invention reduces the abrupt change of cross-section by applying DC current in single crystal super alloy growth course
Locate the generation of stray crystal, acquisition orientation uniformity is good, the single crystal organization of even tissue densification.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device that the present invention reduces that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section.In figure, 1 direct current
Power supply；2 electrodes；3 melts；4 aqueous cold plates；5 molds；6 heating furnaces；7 pull devices.
Fig. 2 is not apply electric current (a) with embodiment 1 to apply at the single crystal super alloy casting variable cross-section of electric current (b) acquisition
Solidified structure.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention reduces the device that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, mainly include：Directly
Galvanic electricity source 1, electrode 2, melt 3, aqueous cold plate 4, mold 5, heating furnace 6, pull device 7 etc., concrete structure is as follows：
Mold 5 in heating furnace 6 is set, melt 3, the anode and stone of DC power supply 1 are formed in mold 5 by heating furnace 6
One end connection of electrode ink 2, the other end of graphite electrode 2 are extended in the melt 3 in mold 5, and mold 5 and melt 3 are located at water
On cold dish 4, aqueous cold plate 4 is connected with the cathode of DC power supply 1, and 4 bottom of aqueous cold plate is connected with pull device 7, passes through 4 He of aqueous cold plate
Pull device 7 makes 3 directional solidification of melt into casting.
In specific implementation process, the present invention reduces the specific mistake of method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section
Journey is as follows：
1. the DC power supply 1 is put on the stent outside heating furnace 6, DC current is generated by DC power supply 1.
2. mold 5 is fixed on aqueous cold plate 4 before cast, it is placed in preheating 0.5~2h in heating furnace 6.
3. in a vacuum furnace injecting melt 3 in the mold 5 of preheating after master alloy melting, graphite electrode 2 is inserted into melt 3
In, electric current is passed through melt 3 from the anode of DC power supply 1 by graphite electrode 2, then is exported via aqueous cold plate 4, and and DC power supply
1 cathode is connected, and returns to the cathode of power supply 1, forms current loop.
4. starting pull device 7, with 4 downward out heating furnace 6 of aqueous cold plate directional solidification occurs for melt, in whole process
Middle opening power supply 1 is passed through DC current.Aqueous cold plate moves down speed 20~200 μm/s, 10~200A/cm of current density2。
This method has since current density is small, and voltage is low, and security is preferable, is easily promoted and applied in actually growing, and fits
Various structure single crystal super alloy casting are used to prepare, its stray crystal can be substantially reduced, single crystal organization integrality are improved, to meet day
Beneficial harsh industrial requirement.
In the following, by embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, mold 5 is fixed on aqueous cold plate 4 and is placed in preheating 1h in heating furnace, preheated
1200 DEG C of temperature.DD3 single crystal super alloys are melted and kept the temperature injection heating stove after 30min in 1500 DEG C in vacuum melting furnace
In mold 5 in 6, graphite electrode 2 is inserted into melt 3.Pull device 7 is started, melt 3 is with 4 downward out heating of aqueous cold plate
Stove, opening power supply 1 is passed through DC current in entire downdraw process.Aqueous cold plate moves down speed 120 μm/s, current density 100A/
cm2。
Fig. 2 is not apply electric current (a) with embodiment 1 to apply at the single crystal super alloy casting variable cross-section of electric current (b) acquisition
Solidified structure.As can be seen that when not adding DC current, the multiple stray crystals of generation at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, and applying
After adding DC current, the stray crystal at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section completely eliminates, and the interdendritic in monocrystalline is away from substantially subtracting
It is small.
Embodiment the result shows that, by applying DC current in directional solidification process, eliminate single crystal super alloy section
Stray crystal at mutation obtains the good single crystal super alloy casting of tissue integrity.Single crystal super alloy mother alloy melt is noted
Entering preheated mold, mold is fixed on aqueous cold plate, is slowly moved down under the drive of pull device, realizes directional solidification,
Apply electric current during this with the local temperature field at controlling sections mutation, until entire casting solidifies completely, final be made is cut
Single crystal super alloy casting without stray crystal at the mutation of face.It can be substantially reduced using the present invention and even eliminate single crystal super alloy casting
Stray crystal at the abrupt change of cross-section, while the interdendritic in monocrystalline can be reduced away from optimizing the tissue of single crystal casting.The present invention has equipment
The advantages that being simple and convenient to operate, is safe easy, available for various structure single crystal super alloy casting are prepared, has important work
Industry application value.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that by monocrystalline high temperature
Apply DC current in alloy-steel casting directional solidification process, eliminate the stray crystal at its abrupt change of cross-section, it is good to obtain tissue integrity
Single crystal super alloy casting；Single crystal super alloy mother alloy melt is injected to preheated formwork or mold, formwork or mold
It is fixed on aqueous cold plate, is slowly moved down under the drive of pull device, realize directional solidification, apply DC current in the process
With the local temperature field at controlling sections mutation, until entire casting solidifies completely, finally at the obtained abrupt change of cross-section without stray crystal or
The single crystal super alloy casting of few stray crystal.
2. described in accordance with the claim 1 reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that
When prepared by DC current effect lower monocrystalline high-temperature alloy casting, current density is 20~200A/cm2, the function of current time is solidifying
Gu start to entire single crystal casting solidification to terminate.
3. described in accordance with the claim 1 reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that
When prepared by DC current effect lower monocrystalline high-temperature alloy casting, 20~100 DEG C of melt overheat temperature when processing starts.
4. described in accordance with the claim 1 reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that
When prepared by DC current effect lower monocrystalline high-temperature alloy casting, 1000~1200 DEG C of formwork or mold preheating temperature.
5. described in accordance with the claim 1 reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that
When prepared by DC current effect lower monocrystalline high-temperature alloy casting, aqueous cold plate moves down 20~200 μm/s of speed.
6. described in accordance with the claim 1 reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section, which is characterized in that
This method is used for the preparation of different structure single crystal super alloy casting.
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| CN201711223372.0A CN108080603A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | It is a kind of to reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section |
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| CN201711223372.0A CN108080603A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | It is a kind of to reduce the method that stray crystal is formed at the single crystal super alloy abrupt change of cross-section |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109648065A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of assessment method of single crystal super alloy recrystallization formability |
| WO2021196713A1 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-07 | 上海交通大学 | Substrate-triggered directional solidification process for single crystal superalloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109648065A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of assessment method of single crystal super alloy recrystallization formability |
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| WO2021196713A1 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-07 | 上海交通大学 | Substrate-triggered directional solidification process for single crystal superalloy |
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