CN1080765C - Technology for preparing spongy metal material with controllable shape and size of pores - Google Patents
Technology for preparing spongy metal material with controllable shape and size of pores Download PDFInfo
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- CN1080765C CN1080765C CN99107292A CN99107292A CN1080765C CN 1080765 C CN1080765 C CN 1080765C CN 99107292 A CN99107292 A CN 99107292A CN 99107292 A CN99107292 A CN 99107292A CN 1080765 C CN1080765 C CN 1080765C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing spongy metal materials with a controllable pore shape and a hole diameter structure, which comprises the steps: blank material dipping, accumulating layers, drying, slurry dipping in vacuum, drying, immersing, sintering, preheating, vacuum casting, etc. The peripheries of the organic blank materials are dipped with one layer of organic media; after the layer accumulating mode is used for the adhesive aggregation of the blank materials, the blank materials are dried, and the blank materials are combined to form a shaping member having an aggregation shape of most of blank materials and a plurality of silts distributed among the blank materials. The inner pores in the spongy metal materials can be mutually communicated, and the efficacy of intensifying the single or compound characteristic of the spongy metal materials, such as fire prevention, sound insulation, thermal insulation or magnetic wave interference prevention, etc. is effectively enhanced.
Description
The present invention relates to the metallic substance manufacture method, refer to the sponge metallic material manufacture method of a kind of may command hole shape, aperture tissue especially, particularly the making method at Chinese patent application number 98103046.7 female cases proposes to extend the invention of implementing.
In recent years because the metallic substance of porous matter has problems such as the proportion that improves material, ultimate compression strength, toughness, can possess simultaneously single or composite attributes such as fire prevention, sound insulation, heat insulation, antimagnetic wave excitation again, therefore for the development technique of this porous matter metallic substance, be subjected to the attention of domestic and international all circles gradually; And for the present porous matter metal of developing, according to its hole whether connection can be divided into foaminess metal and air permeability metal two classes.
Wherein, the pore of this foaming metal is for indivedual independences and does not have interoperability, normally be applied to lightweight construction material (noise absorption body, packing, damping of shocks material, disconnected thermotectonics material), and on making method, be broadly divided into whipping agent foaming, poor solubility method, sputtering method, metal-plated work method etc.; And another air permeability metal, its hole is logical for being connected with each other, and this air permeability metal is heat liberation board packing, the intravital wallboard of ship/aircraft/spaceship of the electrode materials that can be applicable to make strainer, catalyzer, sound damper, heat exchanger battery, liquid trap, fluid flow regulator, the oxygen treatments applied device with desalt, self-oilness bearing, LSI, compaction material of plywood etc., and on its making method, be that can be divided into powder metallurgic method, casting method with the vanishing pattern, metallic fiber sintered method, whipping agent foaming etc. several.
Yet, in above-mentioned known air permeability metal manufacturing technology, not only must use the continuous casting foaming machine of high cost, and these manufacture method also have many problem points, for example: for size, shape volume, pore position, intensity and the density etc. that form crafters portion, all can't obtain effective control with above-mentioned known technology, even if therefore can make this air permeability metal, and its fire line of reaching in advance, sound insulation, thermal insulation and anti-magnetic wave equivalent force will be limited to also; At this technology puzzlement that can't break through, the inventor is a sponge metallic material manufacture method of utilizing its may command hole shape of inventing, aperture tissue, that is the invention technology that Chinese patent application is disclosed for No. 98103046.7 extended enforcement, in the hope of reaching the technology that can make hole be the sponge metallic material that is connected and obtain tissue density and shape between the identical hole of may command of making; So,
The objective of the invention is to be: the sponge metallic material manufacture method that a kind of may command hole shape, aperture tissue are provided, make under the prerequisite of independent hole shape, aperture tissue of may command sponge metallic material, further implement to make the form that these separate wells portion tissues can be interconnected into the phase through-hole section, use improve strengthen sponge metallic material in fire prevention, sound insulation, heat insulation or antimagnetic wave excitation etc. the usefulness during single or compound characteristic.
For achieving the above object, the present invention must impose stock to be stained with steps such as material, lamination, oven dry, vacuum are stained with slurry, drying, are immersed, sintering, preheating, vacuum casting, and for size, the shape of mesopore portion of spongy porous organization required in the processing procedure, and the required metallic substance attribute of making, cooperate select stock for use, select molten metal for use, processing procedure such as apolegamy refractory mortar, be with original bill in identical, that is:
When selecting stock for use, but be to be principle to select for use the natural materials (not having the environmental protection problem) that belongs to the mistake of organic carbonization burning to use as stock, the shape of these stocks and volume size promptly are shape and the volume sizes that inner each hollow hole portion behind the spongy tissue is made in decision; Therefore porous distributes in the spongy tissue organizes arrangement form and connectedness thereof, is to cooperate the polymerization methods of lamination step to reach.
And in the lamination step, for controlling the tissue arrangement that porous distributes in the spongy tissue and can being the form that is interconnected, when carrying out lamination, can select the stock of identical size for use, be stained with one deck organic medium in advance, and make this organic dielectric layer bonding mutually, the stock adhesive aggregation is formed have the young part of typing in a plurality of slits, in order to carrying out the follow-up plasma procedure of being stained with.
And selecting for use aspect molten metal and the apolegamy refractory mortar materials in being stained with the slurry step, be to be to belong to high-meltiing alloy or low melting point alloy and match suitable refractory mortar according to the required sponge metallic material of making, and utilize vacuum to be stained with slurry equipment, refractory mortar is built-up in the appearance and the oven dry of the young part of typing, lose carbonization in order to the organism such as stock in the fire-resistant mud layer being burnt via follow-up sintering process, the polymerization tissue density in communicate hole shape and the aperture that fire-resistant mud layer can be obtained constituted between previous stock, and formation ceramic shell, again through the vacuum casting processing procedure, and make selected molten metal can be cast into and be coated in the slit of ceramic shell, to obtain the sponge metallic material of required hole shape that is connected and aperture tissue.
Utilize this manufacture method can improve the physical mechanical characteristic and the material of sponge metallic material, reach size, shape and the matter density of phase through-hole section tissue after the control moulding.
For the present invention can be described in detail in detail more, the cited preferred embodiment of conjunction with figs. flow process now is described as follows in detail:
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: be disclosed manufacturing flow chart;
Fig. 2: be the synoptic diagram that the present invention exemplifies the circular stock of selecting identical particle shape and particle diameter for use;
Fig. 3: be that the present invention utilizes organic medium that the stock adhesive aggregation is coated the also cut-away view of the young part of lamination formation one typing;
Fig. 4: be the present invention in the organic dielectric layer periphery of the young part of typing again row be stained with the cut-away view that covers one deck refractory mortar;
Fig. 5: to be the present invention with stock and organic dielectric layer burn loses the synoptic diagram that the back forms the ceramic shell that a hole is connected;
Fig. 6: be that the housing that the present invention is connected this hole places evacuated die-casting process equipment to carry out the synoptic diagram of vacuum casting metallic substance.
See also shown in Figure 1, a kind of sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape provided by the present invention, aperture tissue, mainly be organic stock 2 to be bestowed be stained with material 3, lamination 4, oven dry 5, vacuum and be stained with steps such as slurry 8, dry 9, sintering 10, preheating 11, vacuum casting 12, finished product 13, produce the sponge metallic material finished product that hole is connected to reach; And before carrying out above-mentioned action, must the pre-shape of stock 2 of using of decision institute with big or small; Wherein:
When selecting stock 2 for use, be to use and be principle to select for use organism to make stock 2, for example select thermoplastic plastic's grain for use, hard wax, or be that the plant seed of organic class or starch granulation etc. are used as organic embryo grain 2, and the shape of these organic stocks 2, be to be that preferable (following is example with circular stock just to select or to make circular identical shaped and particle diameter for use, as shown in Figure 2), so that during the lamination that piles up 4 operations, can form the spongy tissue embryo of required tissue density, and utilization is piled up the slit 24 of 2 formation of back stock, the runner (cooperating shown in Figure 3) during as molten metal 6 circulations.
And behind selected stock 2, must be stained with material 3 operations, be about to stock 2 surfaces and attach one deck organic medium 30 (as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3), this layer organic medium 30 is to select tool viscosity, can air-dry person (as organic colloid, organic wax) preferable for use, make 2 of stocks have the agglutinating ability, and then with these stocks 2 insert one framed in, utilize the mode of lamination 4 to impel stock 2 bonding mutually, treat again it to be dried 5 after the polymerization, form most stock 2 polymerization external forms of a tool and the young part 28 (as shown in Figure 3) of the typing that is distributed with most slits 24 therebetween.
As shown in Figure 4, and after molding the young part 28 of required typing, be must be again this young part 28 of finalizing the design to be imposed to be stained with the vacuum of covering refractory mortar 7 and to be stained with slurry 8 processing procedures, and for selecting for use in molten metal 6 and apolegamy refractory mortar 7 processes, the A kind refractory mortar 71 that must select for use in the time of can being divided into the molten metal 6 that uses high-meltiing alloy 61 types again, or the B kind refractory mortar 72 (as shown in Table 1) that must select for use when using the molten metal 6 of low melting point alloy 62 types; No matter be A kind refractory mortar 71 or B kind refractory mortar 72, all must possess following condition:
1, the anxious heat of anti-molten metal is washed away.
2, less thermal expansivity is with the stability of the gauge of guaranteeing flame retardant coating.
3, good high-temperature intensity.
4, under the condition of high temperature, can not produce Decomposition or crystalline modification.
5, want and molten metal between have good the melting property that connects.
Based on above-mentioned important document, can select refractory clay composition and heatproof characteristic in the following table one for use:
Table one: be powder mixture ratio and the heatproof characteristic comparison sheet that the present invention discloses multiple refractory mortar composition.
| Composition | Al 2O 3 | ZrO 2 | SiO 2 | Na 2O | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Fusing point (℃) |
| Quartzy | 0.11 | -- | 99.8 | -- | 0.033 | 0.022 | Tr | Tr | 1700 |
| Fused quartz | 0.05 | -- | 99.9 | -- | 0.02 | 0.015 | 0.01 | 0.005 | (the same) |
| Fused alumina | 99.5 | -- | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.03 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.005 | 2050 |
| Aluminum oxide (crystallization) | 99.0 | -- | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.4 | -- | 0.07 | -- | (the same) |
| Zircon sand (A) | 65.0 | 34.0 | -- | 0.1 | 0.25 | -- | -- | 2300 | |
| Zircon sand (B) | 0.79 | Min 66.32 | Max 32.23 | -- | Max 0.04 | Max 0.2 | -- | -- | (the same) |
Continuous table
| Zirconium white (stabilization) | 0.39 | 94.6 | 0.35 | -- | 0.19 | 0.21 | 3.52 | 0.46 | 2690 |
| The calcium aluminum oxide | 79.0 | -- | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | -- | 18.0 | 0.4 | 1700 |
| Burn till clay | 41.6 | -- | 52.8 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | -- |
| The Flint particle | 47.5 | -- | 47.7 | 0.9 (total Alkali) | 1.1 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | -- |
| The Mullite fusion | 76.2 | -- | 23.0 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1810 decompose |
| Mullite | 73.5 | -- | 22.4 | -- | 0.9 | 3.2 | -- | -- | (the same) |
| Kyanite | 57～60 | -- | 37～41 | -- | 0.08～ 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1550 melt altogether |
| Malaysia sand (Molochite) | 42～43 | -- | 54～55 | Na 2O 1K 2O 15～20 | 0.75 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.1 | -- |
Certainly, for making in the table one all kinds of fire-resistant powder compositions synthetic mud 7 of all meeting, use binding agent 73 that its imperative is arranged, as using water glass (Sodium Silicate, Na
2SiO
3), tetraethyl silicate (Ethyl Silicate) or silicone fluid (Colloidal Silicate, SiO
2) etc., these binding agents 73 all are to utilize it to become in one's duty silica gel (Silica Gel) to do bonding work; Originally append the employed binding agent 73 of invention in principle, employing obtains easily and the silicone fluid of simple procedure than tending to, because silicone fluid has used for many years in precision casting, and purchase obtains easily, the chemical property of silicone fluid is highly stable simultaneously, unless be stored in the following environment that is below the freezing point and just can destroy its characteristic, in addition as long as after it is dehydrated, promptly can not absorb moisture content again and recover former character, therefore, silicone fluid has stability in storing and using, be that the present invention selects the major cause of silicone fluid as binding agent 73 for use.
Clearer and more definite is, in the present invention with high-meltiing alloy 61 during as molten metal 6, the composition kind of its A kind refractory mortar 71 is to obtain by selecting for use in the following table two:
Table two: the composition kind proterties table of the anti-mud of A kind.
In other words, in the present invention with low melting point alloy 62 during as molten metal 6, the composition of its B kind refractory mortar 72 is to select for use gypseous refractory materials to get final product, promptly to have two molecular crystal water (CaSO with gypsum itself
42H
2O), as do the refractory materials time spent, look the needs of working hour and setting time, the moisture content in the gypsum is removed some, residue moisture content is 1～1
1/2[CaSO between the molecule
4(1～1
1/2) H
2O] become the plaster of Paris, add the water modulation during use and get final product, and can buy use on the market usually.
According to the kind class feature that uses molten metal 6 after selecting suitable refractory mortar 7 for use, belong to the selected A kind refractory mortar 71 of high-meltiing alloy 61, the modulation operation that all must carry out mud is as follows:
A. use water screw in agitation vat under the high speed rotating with 1725rpm, A kind refractory mortar 71 and binding agent 73 allotments to evenly, are inserted in the agitation vat then and mixed, be stained with slurry 8 operations in order to follow-up supply vacuum and use.Must be noted that therebetween when mud when modulation is finished, be stained with slurry in vacuum and will keep in the agitation vat at a slow speed running before 8, it is the best that binding agent 73 and 71 of A kind refractory mortares are often remained under the most mixed uniformly situation.
B. the viscosity controller of mud: generally be to use Zhan Shi cup (Zahn Cup) 4
#And 5
#Two kinds, as using Zhan Shi cup 5
#When modulating, be viscosity comparatively suitable (cooperation) obtained between 9～30 seconds referring to shown in the table two.
C. add wetting agent 74 (Wetting Agent): wetting agent 74 is for belonging to a kind of interfacial agent, in A kind refractory mortar 71, add the main purpose of wetting agent 74, be easier to adhere on the organic medium 30 (as: thermoplastic plastic, hard wax, organic starch) for making refractory mortar.If generally selecting for use tetraethyl silicate to work as binding agent 73 when using, because of its wettability better, so need not to add wetting agent 74.
D. add defoamer 75 (Antifoam): for making the bubble collapse that contains in the mud, and add octanol (n-Octyl alcohol), this agent can not play colloidization to mud, so the tool stability in use.
E. add polyester acid ethene 76 (Polyvinyl Acetate): the wet strength that is used for promoting A kind refractory mortar 71; And be stained with slurry 8 the time when selecting for use hard wax to carry out vacuum as organic medium 30, polyester acid ethene 76 can prevent the phenomenon that dewaxes; And in follow-up sintering 11 processing procedures, has the organic usefulness of removal.
After modulating above-mentioned suitable refractory mortar 7, must utilize vacuum to be stained with the equipment of slurry 8, in young part 28 insertion apparatus of will finalizing the design, and gas will be detached in the equipment, after forming vacuum state, the refractory mortar 7 that reinjects can fill part in order to refractory mortar 7 and penetrate in the slit 24 that is written into the young part 28 of typing; Take out again subsequently and finish the young part 28 of typing that vacuum is stained with slurry 8 operations, and carry out dry 9 operations, impel this refractory mortar 7 of finalizing the design young part 28 peripheries can form the flame retardant coating 70 of hardening state with 130 ℃ ± 20 ℃ temperature.
After finishing above-mentioned these steps, the young part 28 of just must finalizing the design utilizes sintering 11 modes, with 800 ℃～1800 ℃ high temperature stock 2 in the flame retardant coating 70 and organic medium 30 carbonizations is burnt mistake; This moment, this flame retardant coating 70 was behind sintering and the ceramic shell 29 that formation has intensity, and just form distributional pattern in the ceramic shell 29 with the hole portion 25 that is connected and neck 26, the hole portion 25 and neck 26 peripheries of while housing 29, still distributing has each slit 24 (as shown in Figure 5).
Subsequently, utilize vacuum casting 13 equipment of tool thermostatically heating ability, the running (cooperating shown in Figure 6) of implementing preheating 12 in advance and irritating ingot metal liquation 6; Wherein, for before irritating ingot metal liquation 6, utilize the die cavity 131 in the tool thermostatically heating vacuum casting equipment, and then preheating 12 this place the ceramic shell 29 of the textiform typings of sponge in the die cavity 131, it is necessary programs very, because in advance after the preheating 12, the molten metal 6 that slit 24 (cooperating shown in Figure 3) with housing 29 is used as runner, easier flee and casting mold is filled out and is stated from the slit 24, especially the flowability during as molten metal 6 with low melting point alloy 62, must promote carrying out smoothly of its vacuum casting with the action of previous preheating 12 these housings 29 especially, be to have critical help therefore.
Moreover, in vacuum casting 13 processing procedures (as shown in Figure 6), promptly be appropriate to treat that pottery casting housing 29 together detaches gas and forms the vacuum shape, when injecting molten metal with comprising in the die cavity 131 to put, can promote the circulation in liquation each slit 24 in housing 29, and give explanation.
Via the sponge metallic material finished product 14 behind the above-mentioned steps die cast, its bilateral wall is coated and is flattened by the molten metal after solidifying 6, and the molten metal after this curing 6 also fills up this slit 24, sponge metallic material finished product 14 tissue morphologies that the metallic solution 6 after its inner phase through-hole section 25 that forms and neck 26 all are cured is coated.When this finished product 14 was used as soundproof wall, the bilateral wall of finished product 14 was the hole portion 25 and the neck 26 that communicate to be revealed through rubbing down processing, can promote its sound-absorbing effect.Certainly at some emphatically in the use occasion of fire prevention or heat insulation effectiveness, the bilateral wall of this finished product 14 must the grinding and polishing processing treatment, can reach heat insulation result of use.And know no matter the bilateral wall of finished product 14 has or not and carry out the grinding and polishing processing treatment, it is still possessed outside the single or composite attribute of various crushing resistances, toughness, fire line, sound insulation, thermal insulation and the antimagnetic wave excitation etc. that are originally possessed, and because the continuous general character of inner hole will make that this sponge metallic material can be more remarkable on the ability of isolated sound wave.
In sum, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape provided by the present invention, aperture tissue, utilization becomes the young part of a typing with the stock adhesive aggregation, impel the inside hole of this sponge metallic material can be the forming technique means that are interconnected, the practicality and the usability of sponge metallic material have effectively been promoted, the utility value of the hi-tech of therefore ought to getting everything ready is so propose to append the application of invention in accordance with the law.
Claims (5)
1, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of a kind of may command hole shape, aperture tissue, be after a kind ofly must selecting stock earlier for use, selecting molten metal and apolegamy refractory mortar for use, be stained with material, lamination, oven dry, to make the young part of required typing, be stained with slurry, drying, sintering, preheating and vacuum casting step through vacuum again, to obtain the sponge metallic material that may command hole shape, aperture tissue and tool hole communicate; Wherein:
This stock is the tissue morphology according to the hole portion sizes and shape of required moulding, and selects for use the organism of suitable form and quantitative proportion to form;
This refractory mortar be according to the required metallic substance of making for belong to high-meltiing alloy or low melting point alloy allotment not respectively make;
It is characterized in that comprising:
These organic stock peripheries are attached one deck organic medium, dry after utilizing the lamination mode with the stock adhesive aggregation again, making combines between stock forms one and has the polymerization external form of most stocks and the young part of the typing that is distributed with most gar shapes therebetween;
This young part of finalizing the design is not for belonging to high-meltiing alloy or low melting point alloy according to the required metallic substance of making, be stained with slurry and select for use suitable refractory mortar to carry out vacuum, and bestow drying, impel refractory mortar can be coated on the periphery and the top layer, slit thereof of the young part of typing, and the formation flame retardant coating that hardens;
This coating is had the young part of typing that the machine medium is stained with material and flame retardant coating, utilize 800 ℃ of-1800 ℃ of high temperature sintering modes mistake is burnt in the stock and the whole carbonizations of organic dielectric layer that contain, obtain the typing ceramic shell of required hole portion that is connected and neck distribution density;
Utilize vacuum casting equipment to come the housing of this typing of preheating, again this housing is carried out evacuated die-casting process molten metal running, and then make the sponge metallic material finished product of porous organization's shape that the tool hole is connected.
2, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape according to claim 1, aperture tissue is characterized in that: this stock is to select for use identical circular particle diameter person for preferable.
3, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape according to claim 1, aperture tissue is characterized in that: this organic medium be with select organic colloid or organic wax class tool cohesiveness, easily oven dry for use, can to burn mistake person preferable.
4, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape according to claim 1, aperture tissue is characterized in that: the hole portion of this housing and neck periphery are to distribute to have the slit.
5, the sponge metallic material manufacture method of may command hole shape according to claim 1, aperture tissue, it is characterized in that: utilize the vacuum casting processing procedure, molten metal can be filled out in the slit that is stated from housing, and coat the hole portion and the neck of housing, to make the sponge metallic material finished product of porous organization's shape that the tool hole is connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99107292A CN1080765C (en) | 1999-05-14 | 1999-05-14 | Technology for preparing spongy metal material with controllable shape and size of pores |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99107292A CN1080765C (en) | 1999-05-14 | 1999-05-14 | Technology for preparing spongy metal material with controllable shape and size of pores |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1274016A CN1274016A (en) | 2000-11-22 |
| CN1080765C true CN1080765C (en) | 2002-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99107292A Expired - Fee Related CN1080765C (en) | 1999-05-14 | 1999-05-14 | Technology for preparing spongy metal material with controllable shape and size of pores |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1080765C (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2006021127A1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-02 | Yang Cao | A method for producing a soundproof product and its production |
| CN107377877A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-24 | 盐城市诚益通机械制造有限责任公司 | A kind of two-way valve body formwork is stained with slurry manufacturing process |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1057800A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1992-01-15 | 孔凯旋 | Spongy iron heat diffusion body and manufacture method thereof |
-
1999
- 1999-05-14 CN CN99107292A patent/CN1080765C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1057800A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1992-01-15 | 孔凯旋 | Spongy iron heat diffusion body and manufacture method thereof |
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| CN1274016A (en) | 2000-11-22 |
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