CN108076424A - A kind of design method and preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter - Google Patents
A kind of design method and preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108076424A CN108076424A CN201611012421.1A CN201611012421A CN108076424A CN 108076424 A CN108076424 A CN 108076424A CN 201611012421 A CN201611012421 A CN 201611012421A CN 108076424 A CN108076424 A CN 108076424A
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- array element
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- cambered surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of design methods and preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter, use the transducer unit of lens as PZT composite materials, and composite material is piezoelectric ceramics and inert polymer；Transducer array is structured the formation using vertical circular arc particle array element horizontal line array, and array element is arranged by the beam separation of lens sound ray, and after cloth is good, design configuration fill polymer material is pressed in the gap of array element；First matching layer is vacuumized and heat treatment, then carry out the perfusion of matching layer；One layer of cambered surface cylindricality polyurethane is perfused on the outside of matching layer, connect anode, the just extremely parallel connection of array element, a positive wire is drawn, anode one side is adhered to polyurethane foam base surface, after curable adhesive layer, the cathode of array element is paid altogether, a cathode conductor is drawn, backing after the cambered surface column battle array assembled is Nian Jie with metal back cover, and conducting wire is drawn from pit.The present invention obtains high-gain using acoustic lens technology in horizontal direction, realizes the omni-directional high-gain of sonar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transducer application field in water, more particularly to a kind of omni-directional high-gain lens transducer designs method
And preparation method.
Background technology
In recent years, ABIS sonars utilize composite material construction techniques, and one way main-side lobe ratio is made to reach 20dB, round trip principal subsidiary lobe
Than can reach 40dB (transmitting and receive with same array element), but when this kind of mode forms multi-beam, needs mechanical scanning or electronics
Phased scanning, suitable for finely measuring the occasion of scattering strength；Can also be by the way of lens group, formation transmitting-receiving is put more altogether
Wave beam, such as Didson sonars, however the type sonar is line array in horizontal direction, is vertically to have difference to different directions sound ray sound path
Different is arc battle array, the type sonar there is no consider vertically to main-side lobe ratio raising.
The utilization of DIDSON companies exploitation receives and dispatches acoustic lens technology and obtains higher gain lens energy converter, wherein energy converter
It is to be prepared by piezo-electricity composite material, but is still common rectangle energy converter array element in the gain vertically to acquisition, hangs down
It still can not meet requirement to gain (round trip 20dB), because vertically to some inclination angles are in use, the seabed that secondary lobe receives
Mirror image echo it is very strong, it is necessary to there is higher main-side lobe ratio (such as 40dB) to be inhibited, it is necessary to using one kind vertically to more
The method of high main-side lobe ratio.
Meanwhile in order to obtain horizontal and vertical to high-gain, traditional technique needs piezo-electricity composite material energy converter to do
Three-dimensional brake forming, the polymer needs of filling are filled according to certain design shape, these will to making apparatus and technique
Ask very high, in this manner it is achieved that when material forming, bending process must design in advance, so as to reduce stress, be finally reached
Standing balance.In bending, outer surface is stressed, and inner surface reels power.Can extend to reduce internal stress material, compress with
And it is mobile, the polymeric acceptor as basis material should select what is be easily formed, and requirement has smaller compressibility, there is higher glass
The temperature transmission characteristic of glass shape, these can all cause its cost of manufacture and manufacture difficulty high, and in manufacturing process easily there are sidesway/
The problems such as deformation.
The content of the invention
To solve the problems, such as present in above-mentioned background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of omni-directional high-gain lens
The design method and preparation method of energy converter utilize acoustic lens technology to obtain high-gain in horizontal direction, realize sonar to reach
Omni-directional high-gain purpose.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of design method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter uses the transducer unit of lens as PZT composite materials,
The composite material is piezoelectric ceramics and inert polymer；Transducer array uses vertical circular arc particle array element horizontal line array cloth
Battle array, array element is arranged by the beam separation of lens sound ray, and after cloth is good, design configuration filled polymer material is pressed in the gap of array element
Material；First matching layer is vacuumized and heat treatment, then carry out the perfusion of matching layer；One layer of cambered surface is perfused on the outside of matching layer
Cylindricality polyurethane, connects anode, and the just extremely parallel connection of array element draws a positive wire, anode one side is adhered to polyurethane
After curable adhesive layer, the cathode of array element is paid altogether for foam substrate surface, draws a cathode conductor, the cambered surface column that will be assembled
Backing is Nian Jie with metal back cover after battle array, and conducting wire is drawn from pit.
A kind of preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter, by appointed thickness ceramics plate surface brush electrode, Ran Hou
The polarization process of appropriate high temperature is carried out under highfield, the piezoelectric ceramic piece after polarization is cut into particle, by small particle according to setting
The location arrangements of meter and fixation are cast into polymerization on groove between particles；It concretely comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The design of array element：
Optimize the size of array element, using the thickness vibration of array element, make the thickness of composite material to be propagated in ceramic material
The half-wavelength of the working frequency of sound wave, the width of ceramic fibre are less than the 1/3 of composite material length；The thickness of composite material is about
1.35mm, the width of ceramic fibre are less than 0.45mm；By adjusting lateral dimension, the resonant frequency of array element, lateral dimension are controlled
Less than thickness direction, the thickness of array element is selected as 1.2mm, lateral dimension is 0.4mm × 0.4mm, is meeting the feelings of frequency requirement
Reduce coupled vibrations under condition；The packing material of the incision pouring of ceramic particle is cut into slices for diamond-shaped original disk, and composite material is in thickness
The vibration in the direction oscillation crosswise coupling very little unrelated with the breadth wise dimension of composite material is spent, is cut using large stretch of piezoelectric ceramics
Into small ceramic particle, the array element as structured the formation；
Step 2：The design of backing afterwards：
The radius of curvature of backing depends on the distance that last group of acoustic lens sound ray reaches energy converter afterwards, and interval of structuring the formation is depended on
The horizontal distance interval of energy converter is reached in horizontal different directions wave beam, this distance will consider the scale of equipment, resist mixed
Loud performance and the convenience structured the formation, the curvature of rear backing are taken as 150mm, and array element is at intervals of 1.6mm, the vertical height of array element
40mm；The material of backing is high density polyurethane foam afterwards；
Step 3：Cambered surface column formation is structured the formation：
Receive energy converter consistent by the wave beam sound ray sound path of lens, using vertically structuring the formation to cambered surface column battle array, array element
Ask that the radius of cambered surface is 150mm, and backing after the cylindrical array assembled is Nian Jie with metal back seat away from for 1.6mm；
Step 4：Polymer is perfused；
After the good battle array of cloth, the filled polymer in the gap of array element, the forming method of the polymer configuration of perfusion is by ceramics
Array element is polished by shape is pre-designed, it is ensured that the gap of array element is diamond shaped；In the filling process of polymer, to polymer latex
Vacuumize process is carried out, prevents concealing for air bubble, so as to which internal power is applied to external ceramics pole them is promoted gradually to incline
Tiltedly, a side liter or crimp are generated；After polymer perfusion, feather plucking processing or sandblasting are carried out to spherical crown surface and side；
Step 5：Matching layer designs and perfusion：
Using matching layer technology, matching layer is mixed using multicomponent, and the thickness of matching layer is 2mm；
Step 6：Cambered surface column battle array watertight
Watertight processing is carried out to cambered surface column battle array surface, the waterproof material of one layer of 3mm thickness, material are perfused on the outside of matching layer
Expect for polyurethane, appearance is cylindricality cambered surface；The positive and negative polarity wire that rear arc column battle array is perfused is drawn by the cable with shielding, cable
It is connected between cambered surface column battle array metal back seat by watertight cable head.
Through the above technical solutions, design method and the preparation of a kind of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter provided by the invention
Method, using composite material into battle array technology and new configurations, using preceding matching layer and rear backing techniques, using vertical
To arc surface structure the formation and by design configuration be perfused polymeric filler in the way of, so as to obtain vertically to high-gain；Meanwhile
Using acoustic lens technology high-gain is obtained in horizontal direction, it is such into battle array technology, realize the omni-directional high-gain of sonar；Vertically
To main-side lobe ratio one way is controlled within 20dB, and round trip is controlled within 40dB, and horizontal direction, main-side lobe ratio round trip is up to 26dB
Within.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the acoustic lens operation principle schematic diagram disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the acoustic lens energy converter composition figure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the vertical beam pattern of acoustic lens energy converter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the acoustic lens energy converter horizontal direction beam pattern disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：
1st, array element 2, polymer 3, rear backing
4th, matching layer 5, pedestal 6, metal back seat
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes.
A kind of design method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter provided by the invention, use the transducer unit of lens for
PZT composite materials, the composite material are piezoelectric ceramics and inert polymer；Transducer array uses vertical circular arc particle battle array
First horizontal line array (cambered surface column battle array) is structured the formation, and array element is arranged by the beam separation of lens sound ray, after cloth is good, is pressed in the gap of array element
Design configuration fill polymer material；First matching layer is vacuumized and heat treatment, then carry out the perfusion of matching layer；
With one layer of cambered surface cylindricality polyurethane of perfusion on the outside of layer, anode is connected, just extremely in parallel, a piece positive wire of extraction for array element will
Anode one side is adhered to polyurethane foam base surface, and after curable adhesive layer, the cathode of array element is paid altogether, draws a cathode and leads
Line, backing after the cambered surface column battle array assembled is Nian Jie with metal back cover, and conducting wire is drawn from pit.
A kind of preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter, as shown in Figs 1-4, by appointed thickness ceramics plate surface brush
Then electrode carries out the polarization process of appropriate high temperature under strong electric field, the piezoelectric ceramic piece after polarization is cut into particle, will be small
Location arrangements and fixation of the particle according to design are cast into polymerization on groove between particles；It concretely comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The design of array element：
In order to meet the working frequency of 1MHz, it is necessary to optimize the size of array element 1, using the thickness vibration of array element, it is avoided
Close coupling vibration area；The thickness of composite material is the half-wavelength of the working frequency for the sound wave propagated in ceramic material, ceramic
The width of fiber is less than the 1/3 of composite material length；To the sonar of 1MHz, the thickness of composite material is about 1.35mm, and ceramics are fine
The width of dimension is less than 0.45mm；By adjusting lateral dimension, the resonant frequency of array element is controlled, because of lateral dimension and extensional vibration ruler
Very little coupled vibrations is stronger when being closer to, and is unfavorable for the vibration of thickness direction, therefore lateral dimension is less than thickness side as far as possible
To, meanwhile, consider the working frequency of the operability prepared and reality, select the thickness of array element as 1.2mm, lateral dimension is
0.4mm × 0.4mm reduces coupled vibrations in the case where meeting frequency requirement；The packing material of the incision pouring of ceramic particle
It cuts into slices for diamond-shaped original disk；The ceramics of separate constituent can be generated in thickness and width direction and intermodulated, and composite material is in thickness
The vibration in the direction oscillation crosswise coupling very little unrelated with the breadth wise dimension of composite material is spent, in this manner it is possible in composite material
It is horizontal carry out moulding, optimal beam pattern is provided；In order to ensure the high consistency responded between array element, large stretch of pressure is utilized
Electroceramics cuts into small ceramic particle, the array element as structured the formation.
Step 2：The design of backing afterwards：
The radius of curvature of backing 3 depends on the distance that last group of acoustic lens sound ray reaches energy converter afterwards, and interval of structuring the formation takes
The horizontal distance interval of energy converter is certainly reached in horizontal different directions wave beam, this distance will consider the scale of equipment, resist
The performance of reverberation and the convenience structured the formation, here after the curvature of backing be taken as 150mm, array element interval about 1.6mm, array element is vertical
Height about 40mm；Afterwards backing 3 not only to play the role of by radius of curvature fix array element, be also required to absorb acoustic radiation and
Damping noise reduction, while to ensure the pressure-resistant support of energy converter, material is selected as high density polyurethane foam.
Step 3：Cambered surface column formation is structured the formation：
It is prepared different from general composite material, in order to make the wave beam sound ray sound path one by lens that energy converter receives
Cause, using vertically structuring the formation to cambered surface column battle array, consider the operability of the broad beam of directive property and technique of structuring the formation, array element ask away from
For 1.6mm, the radius of cambered surface is 150mm, as shown in Figure 1, array element according to designed spacing cloth it is good after, connection anode, array element
It is just extremely in parallel, draw a positive wire；Anode one side is adhered to the spherocylindrical surface of polyurethane foam pedestal 5, treats glue
After layer cures, the cathode of array element is born altogether, draws the conducting wire of a cathode；After backing 3 after the cylindrical array assembled and metal
Seat 6 is bonded, and conducting wire is drawn from cabling channel.
Step 4：Polymer is perfused：
After the good battle array of cloth, the filled polymer 2 in the gap of array element, the forming method of the configuration of the polymer of perfusion is will to make pottery
Porcelain array element by be pre-designed shape polishing, it is ensured that the gap of array element be diamond shaped；It, be first in the filling process of polymer
Vacuumize process is carried out to polymer latex, prevents concealing for air bubble, meanwhile, when perfusion, also needs that it is vacuumized and is heated
Processing, is each filled with polymer to ensure that each array element is asked, puies forward high performance uniformity；It so first structures the formation the production method being perfused afterwards
It is simple for process, it is answered when composite material bending will not occur since outer surface is internal caused by inner surface compression chord by pulling force
Power balance phenomenon will not keep them perpendicular as the ceramics pole close to outer boundary in composite material because of only less support
Directly, so as to which internal power is applied to external ceramics pole them is promoted gradually to tilt, generates a side liter or crimp；Polymerization
After object perfusion, feather plucking processing or sandblasting are carried out to spherical crown surface and side, but need dynamics or the air pressure of control operation, with
Prevent cambered surface column battle array from generating slight crack, so as to influence final performance.
Step 5：Matching layer designs and perfusion：
In order to ensure that beam angle rises and falls in -3dB, while broader bandwidth is obtained, using matching layer technology, this exchange
The performance of energy device entirety has further raising；Matching layer 4 is mixed using multicomponent, and the thickness of matching layer is 2mm；
In the filling process of matching layer, vacuumize process carried out to matching layer first, prevent concealing for air bubble, meanwhile, during perfusion
Also need to vacuumize it and heat treatment, to ensure the quality of matching layer perfusion.
Step 6：Cambered surface column battle array watertight：
To meet the use and performance test of cambered surface column battle array in water, watertight processing is carried out to its surface, in matching layer 4
The waterproof material of one layer of 3mm thickness is perfused in outside, and material is polyurethane, and appearance is cylindricality cambered surface；Rear arc column battle array is perfused just
Cathode conductor is drawn by the cable with shielding, is connected between cable and cambered surface column battle array metal back seat 6 by watertight cable head.
The omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter refers to using acoustic lens technology and composite material construction techniques, horizontal and vertical
Nogata exports the higher energy converter of main-side lobe ratio to the wave beam of array, and good acoustic image depends not only on narrow beam, also depends on
In low-down secondary lobe, the main-side lobe ratio of rectangle array element only has 13dB, can be carried by the configuration and lens technologies of composite material
High main-side lobe ratio.Its main application in：Underwater high definition acoustic imaging, marine engineering are implemented, harbo r surveillance, frogman's detection, submarine mine and
Thunder type target identification, the avoidance of submarine navigation device and navigation etc..By analyzing and testing, it is determined that the optimal curvatures radius of cambered surface
Optimum configuration and spacing of structuring the formation between size and array element, the vertical beam main-side lobe ratio one way of energy converter 1MHz can reach
18dB, round trip can reach the high-gain of 36dB.
The design method and preparation method of a kind of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter disclosed by the invention, utilize composite material
Into battle array technology and new configurations, using preceding matching layer and rear backing techniques, using vertically structuring the formation to arc surface and
By design configuration be perfused polymeric filler in the way of, so as to obtain vertically to high-gain；Meanwhile existed using acoustic lens technology
Horizontal direction obtains high-gain, such into battle array technology, realizes the omni-directional high-gain of sonar；Vertically to main-side lobe ratio one way
Control is within 20dB, and round trip is controlled within 40dB, horizontal direction, within main-side lobe ratio round trip is up to 26dB.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or use the present invention.
A variety of modifications of these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, it is as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The most wide scope caused.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of design method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter, which is characterized in that use the transducer unit of lens as PZT
Composite material, the composite material are piezoelectric ceramics and inert polymer；Transducer array uses vertical circular arc particle array element
Horizontal line array is structured the formation, and array element is arranged by the beam separation of lens sound ray, after cloth is good, is filled in the gap of array element by design configuration
Polymer material；First matching layer is vacuumized and heat treatment, then carry out the perfusion of matching layer；It is perfused on the outside of matching layer
One layer of cambered surface cylindricality polyurethane connects anode, just extremely in parallel, a piece positive wire of extraction, by one side bonds of anode for array element
In polyurethane foam base surface, after curable adhesive layer, the cathode of array element is paid altogether, a cathode conductor is drawn, will assemble
Cambered surface column battle array after backing it is Nian Jie with metal back cover, conducting wire from pit draw.
2. a kind of preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter, which is characterized in that by appointed thickness ceramics plate surface brush electricity
Then pole carries out the polarization process of appropriate high temperature under strong electric field, the piezoelectric ceramic piece after polarization is cut into particle, by small
Location arrangements of the grain according to design and fixation are cast into polymerization on groove between particles；It concretely comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The design of array element：
Optimize the size of array element, using the thickness vibration of array element, the thickness for making composite material is the conduct acoustic waves in ceramic material
Working frequency half-wavelength, the width of ceramic fibre is less than the 1/3 of composite material length；The thickness of composite material is about
1.35mm, the width of ceramic fibre are less than 0.45mm；By adjusting lateral dimension, the resonant frequency of array element, lateral dimension are controlled
Less than thickness direction, the thickness of array element is selected as 1.2mm, lateral dimension is 0.4mm × 0.4mm, is meeting the feelings of frequency requirement
Reduce coupled vibrations under condition；The packing material of the incision pouring of ceramic particle is cut into slices for diamond-shaped original disk, and composite material is in thickness
The vibration in the direction oscillation crosswise coupling very little unrelated with the breadth wise dimension of composite material is spent, is cut using large stretch of piezoelectric ceramics
Into small ceramic particle, the array element as structured the formation；
Step 2：The design of backing afterwards：
The radius of curvature of backing depends on the distance that last group of acoustic lens sound ray reaches energy converter afterwards, and interval of structuring the formation depends on water
Flat different directions wave beam reaches the horizontal distance interval of energy converter, this distance will consider the scale of equipment, anti-reverberation
Performance and the convenience structured the formation, the curvature of rear backing are taken as 150mm, and array element is at intervals of 1.6mm, the vertical height of array element
40mm；The material of backing is high density polyurethane foam afterwards；
Step 3：Cambered surface column formation is structured the formation：
Receive energy converter consistent by the wave beam sound ray sound path of lens, using vertically structuring the formation to cambered surface column battle array, array element is asked
It is 150mm away from the radius for 1.6mm, cambered surface, backing after the cylindrical array assembled is Nian Jie with metal back seat；
Step 4：Polymer is perfused；
After the good battle array of cloth, the filled polymer in the gap of array element, the forming method of the polymer configuration of perfusion is by ceramic array element
It polishes by shape is pre-designed, it is ensured that the gap of array element is diamond shaped；In the filling process of polymer, polymer latex is carried out
Vacuumize process prevents concealing for air bubble, so as to which internal power is applied to external ceramics pole them is promoted gradually to tilt, produced
A raw side rises or crimp；After polymer perfusion, feather plucking processing or sandblasting are carried out to spherical crown surface and side；
Step 5：Matching layer designs and perfusion：
Using matching layer technology, matching layer is mixed using multicomponent, and the thickness of matching layer is 2mm；
Step 6：Cambered surface column battle array watertight
Watertight processing is carried out to cambered surface column battle array surface, the waterproof material of one layer of 3mm thickness is perfused on the outside of matching layer, material is
Polyurethane, appearance are cylindricality cambered surface；The positive and negative polarity wire that rear arc column battle array is perfused is drawn by the cable with shielding, cable and arc
It is connected between the column battle array metal back seat of face by watertight cable head.
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| CN201611012421.1A CN108076424A (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | A kind of design method and preparation method of omni-directional high-gain lens energy converter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113359119A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-09-07 | 常州市深海回声声学科技有限公司 | Side-scanning transducer based on circular arc piezoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113359119A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-09-07 | 常州市深海回声声学科技有限公司 | Side-scanning transducer based on circular arc piezoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof |
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