CN109604133B - Low-directivity fluctuating arc transmitting transducer array - Google Patents
Low-directivity fluctuating arc transmitting transducer array Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604133B CN109604133B CN201811447773.9A CN201811447773A CN109604133B CN 109604133 B CN109604133 B CN 109604133B CN 201811447773 A CN201811447773 A CN 201811447773A CN 109604133 B CN109604133 B CN 109604133B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
A low-directivity fluctuating arc transmitting transducer array belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic engineering. Designing the specification and size of the piezoelectric ceramic particles; uniformly bonding the positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the flexible electrode layers at equal intervals; bonding the flexible electrode layer adhered with the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the oval substrate; the center distance between the negative electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is gradually increased from the middle of the ellipse to the two ends; the piezoelectric ceramic particles are filled with epoxy resin; the cathodes of all the piezoelectric ceramic particles are connected in parallel to lead out wires, and the positive wires are led out from the flexible electrode layer; the whole transducer is sealed watertight by polyurethane rubber. The invention has the advantages of ingenious design, simple process realization, convenient manufacture and low directional fluctuation of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, and can be widely used in the fields of multi-beam depth finders, image sonars, detection sonars and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic engineering, and particularly relates to a low-directivity fluctuant arc-shaped transmitting transducer array.
Background
The acoustic wave is the only information carrier capable of transmitting in a long distance in the water medium, so that the underwater acoustic technology becomes the most effective means for transmitting and acquiring underwater information, and the transducer is used as a window for interaction of underwater acoustic equipment and underwater sound field information and is a key part for transmitting and sensing the information of the underwater acoustic equipment. The transducer is a core component of a sonar system, realizes unidirectional or bidirectional energy conversion of sonar electrical signals and underwater acoustic signals, and plays a decisive role in sonar performance.
The arc transmitting transducer array is a transducer array commonly used in a sonar system, is generally formed by arraying piezoelectric ceramic particles along an arc direction, has the characteristics of large directional opening angle and irrelevant opening angle with frequency, and has the working frequency of tens of kHz to hundreds of kHz. The arc transmitting transducer is widely applied to the fields of multi-beam depth finders, image sonars, detection sonars and the like.
The horizontal directivity of the arc transmitting transducer array is a constant beam opening angle, but continuous fluctuation exists in the beam range, the oscillation amplitude is gradually increased from the center to two sides, the fluctuation is maximum at the edge of the beam, and the fluctuation usually reaches about 6dB, because the arc transmitting transducer array is influenced by the half-wave band of the end point. This situation can cause the arc-shaped transmitting transducer to radiate unevenly when in use, resulting in fluctuations in the signal size received by the receiver, thereby degrading the image quality.
In order to reduce the directional fluctuation of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, many researchers have conducted weighting processing on the transducer array, and piezoelectric ceramic particles, electrodes and the like, in order to reduce the influence of the endpoint half-wave band. The weighting of the piezoelectric ceramic particles requires that a signal wire is led out from each piezoelectric ceramic particle, so that the manufacture of an arc-shaped transmitting transducer array is very difficult and almost impossible; and weighting the electrodes, adding a manufacturing mold and adding a process manufacturing part. By controlling the center distance of the piezoelectric ceramic particles, weighting design is carried out on the array center distance, so that the method is easy to realize, and meanwhile, the satisfactory effect of reducing the arc-shaped directional fluctuation can be easily obtained.
In the prior art, as an invention patent "an arc array of transducers and a manufacturing method" introduces a manufacturing method of the arc array, the directivity fluctuation of the arc transducer array manufactured by the method is calculated to be 5.5dB under the condition that the ceramic elements are uniformly arranged, and the larger fluctuation brings larger influence on the application of the arc transducer. For a low-directivity fluctuant arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, the products of the same type as the low-directivity fluctuant arc-shaped transmitting transducer array are not found at present, and the methods of the same type are not found in documents and literatures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-directivity fluctuant arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, which solves the problem that the existing arc-shaped transmitting transducer array has large directivity fluctuation.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the low-directivity undulating arc transmitting transducer array comprises polyurethane rubber, piezoelectric ceramic particles, an oval substrate and a flexible electrode layer; the positive electrode surface of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is bonded on the flexible electrode layer; the flexible electrode layer adhered with the piezoelectric ceramic particles is adhered to the oval substrate; filling epoxy resin in gaps among the piezoelectric ceramic particles; coating conductive adhesive on the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic particles and leading out a lead; leading out a lead from the flexible electrode layer; the whole transducer is totally coated by polyurethane rubber.
The positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles are uniformly bonded on the flexible electrode layer at equal intervals.
The center distance between the negative electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is gradually increased from the middle of the ellipse to the two ends, and the center distance is the largest at the end parts.
The vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is vertical to the tangent line at the bonding point of the elliptical surface.
The resonance frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is between 80kHz and 1000 kHz.
The elliptical substrate is processed by hard foam or other vibration isolation and decoupling materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the problem that the conventional circular-arc-shaped transmitting transducer array has large horizontal directional fluctuation is solved, and the horizontal directional fluctuation of the circular-arc-shaped transmitting transducer array can be controlled within 3dB by arranging piezoelectric ceramic particles along the elliptical surface;
(2) the invention can improve the directivity pattern of the arc transmitting transducer, and has simple method, easy operation and obvious effect;
(3) the invention has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, convenient manufacture and small fluctuation of horizontal directivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-directivity undulating arc-shaped transmitting transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a directional diagram of a uniformly arrayed circular arc transmitting transducer array;
fig. 3 is a directivity diagram of an arc transmit transducer array of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-directivity arc-shaped transmitting transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the embodiment of fig. 1, the apparatus comprises: cutting the piezoelectric ceramic material according to the working frequency of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array to obtain piezoelectric ceramic particles 3; uniformly bonding the positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles 3 on the flexible electrode layer 5 at equal intervals; bonding the flexible electrode layer 5 bonded with the piezoelectric ceramic particles 3 on the oval substrate 4; filling gaps among the piezoelectric ceramic particles 3 with epoxy resin 2; removing the excess epoxy resin 2; coating conductive adhesive on the positive electrodes of all the piezoelectric ceramic particles 3, and leading out wires 7; leading out a lead 6 from the flexible electrode layer; the whole transducer is entirely covered with urethane rubber 1.
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater acoustic transducers, in particular to a low-directivity fluctuant arc-shaped transmitting transducer array. Designing the specification and size of the piezoelectric ceramic particles; uniformly bonding the positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the flexible electrode layers at equal intervals; bonding the flexible electrode layer adhered with the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the oval substrate; the center distance between the negative electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is gradually increased from the middle of the ellipse to the two ends; the piezoelectric ceramic particles are filled with epoxy resin; the cathodes of all the piezoelectric ceramic particles are connected in parallel to lead out wires, and the positive wires are led out from the flexible electrode layer; the whole transducer is sealed watertight by polyurethane rubber. The invention has the advantages of ingenious design, simple process realization and low directivity fluctuation of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, and can be widely used in the fields of multi-beam depth finders, image sonars, detection sonars and the like.
The material and size of the piezoelectric ceramic are selected according to the required working frequency of the system, and the specification and size of the piezoelectric ceramic particles are obtained by cutting. According to the horizontal directional opening angle required by the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, the size of the substrate is designed, and the sizes of the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical substrate are determined in a simulation mode. The substrate is processed to design dimensions. The piezoelectric ceramic particles are uniformly bonded on a bendable flexible electrode layer at equal intervals, so that the center distance of the bonding surface of the piezoelectric ceramic particles and the substrate is uniformly distributed. And then bonding the flexible electrode layer with the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the elliptical substrate to ensure that each piezoelectric ceramic particle is bonded on the elliptical surface, so that the vibration direction of the ceramic particles is perpendicular to the tangent line of the bonding point of the elliptical surface.
Filling gaps among the piezoelectric ceramic particles with epoxy resin glue, and then removing the excess epoxy resin. And coating conductive adhesive on the positive electrodes of all the piezoelectric ceramic particles, leading out a lead, and leading out a negative lead from the flexible electrode. And (3) after the transducer array is assembled, carrying out polyurethane integral coating, carrying out watertight packaging, and then testing the electroacoustic performance of the transducer array in a silencing water pool. By contrast, given the 100kHz horizontal directivity of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array and the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array of the embodiment of the present invention, it can be found that the fluctuation of the horizontal directivity of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly small by comparing the directional diagram data of fig. 2 and fig. 3.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: cutting the piezoelectric ceramic material according to the working frequency of the arc-shaped transmitting transducer array to obtain piezoelectric ceramic particles; uniformly bonding the positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the flexible electrode layers at equal intervals; bonding the flexible electrode layer adhered with the piezoelectric ceramic particles on the oval substrate; filling gaps among the piezoelectric ceramic particles with epoxy resin; removing the excess epoxy resin; coating conductive adhesive on the positive electrodes of all the piezoelectric ceramic particles, and leading out wires; leading out a lead from the flexible electrode layer; the whole transducer is totally coated by polyurethane rubber.
Preferably, the vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is perpendicular to a tangent line at the bonding point of the elliptical surfaces.
Preferably, the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is between 80kHz and 1000 kHz.
Preferably, the center distance between the negative electrode faces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles gradually increases from the middle of the ellipse to both ends, and the center distance is the largest at the ends.
Preferably, the elliptical base is machined from rigid foam or other vibration isolating and decoupling material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problem of larger fluctuation of the horizontal directivity of the conventional circular-arc-shaped transmitting transducer array, and the adoption of the piezoelectric ceramic particles arrayed along the elliptical surface can control the fluctuation of the horizontal directivity of the circular-arc-shaped transmitting transducer array within 3 dB. In the prior art, as an invention patent "an arc array of transducers and a manufacturing method" introduces a manufacturing method of the arc array, the directivity fluctuation of the arc transducer array manufactured by the method is calculated to be 5.5dB under the condition that the ceramic elements are uniformly arranged, and the larger fluctuation brings larger influence on the application of the arc transducer.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (3)
1. Low directive property undulates arc emission transducer array, including polyurethane rubber (1), piezoceramics granule (3), oval base (4), its characterized in that: the positive electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles (3) are uniformly adhered to the flexible electrode layer (5) at equal intervals; the flexible electrode layer (5) is bonded on the elliptical substrate (4) and ensures that each piezoelectric ceramic particle is bonded on the elliptical surface, so that the vibration direction of the ceramic particles is perpendicular to the tangent line of the bonding point of the elliptical surface, the center distance between the negative electrode surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic particles is gradually increased from the middle of the ellipse to the two ends, and the center distance is the largest at the end part; epoxy resin (2) is filled in gaps among the piezoelectric ceramic particles (3), conductive adhesive is coated on the positive electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic particles (3), a lead (7) is led out, and a lead (6) is led out from the flexible electrode layer (5); the polyurethane rubber (1) is coated outside the whole transducer.
2. The low directivity undulating arcuate transmit transducer array of claim 1, wherein: the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic particles (3) is between 80kHz and 1000 kHz.
3. The low directivity undulating arcuate transmit transducer array of claim 1, wherein: the elliptical substrate (4) is processed by hard foam or other vibration isolation and decoupling materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811447773.9A CN109604133B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Low-directivity fluctuating arc transmitting transducer array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811447773.9A CN109604133B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Low-directivity fluctuating arc transmitting transducer array |
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| CN109604133A CN109604133A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
| CN109604133B true CN109604133B (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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| CN110687527B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-06-20 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Method for improving directivity of wide-beam transmitting transducer and transducer |
| CN110687526A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-14 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Method for reducing directional fluctuation of wide-beam transmitting transducer and transducer |
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| JP2007181654A (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-07-19 | Akira Tomono | Mist emission apparatus |
| CN102176508B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-09-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Preparation method of spherical-crown transmitting transducer with high frequency and wide wave beam |
| CN104907240A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-09-16 | 苏州声之源电子科技有限公司 | Arc array of transducer and preparing method |
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