CN108072916B - Lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis - Google Patents
Lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis, the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis includes: step 1, from the practical geologic information of research object, the analysis of mud shale Lithofacies Types is carried out；Step 2, from the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence analysis, typical borehole logging tool tracing pattern, the influence of the Mineral pairs log of different origins type is analyzed；Step 3, referring to lithofacies well logging recognition mode, the well logging recognition mode plate for adapting to research object is established；Step 4, the log data for needing to identify lithofacies well and recognition mode segmentation are compared, carries out lithofacies and identifies one by one.The lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis is easy to operate, can be widely applied in oil field prospecting research, provides new Research Thinking and technological means for the exploration of terrestrial lake basin shale oil gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas field geology Exploration Domains, especially relate to a kind of lacustrine facies mud shale based on genetic analysis
Lithofacies Logging Identification Method.
Background technique
The success of North America marine facies shale oil-gas exploration is so that the research of terrestrial lake basin mud shale is paid attention to, different from marine facies
Mud shale, main brittle mineral is carbonate rock rather than quartzy in lacustrine facies mud shale, and the lithofacies of lacustrine facies mud shale change greatly,
Lithofacies Identification is the important foundation work of terrestrial facies shale oil-gas exploration research.
The lithology or lithofacies well logging recognition of conventional oil reservoir are relatively simple, and mud shale lithofacies are often by different lithology or mine
The combination of the intensive thin interbed of object composition identifies thin interbed with the log interpretation method of conventional reservoir, it is difficult to obtain ideal effect.
Thus we have invented a kind of new lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis, solves the above technology
Problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind on the basis of genetic analysis, specifies the content and occurrence of essential mineral in lithofacies
Influence to log, and the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies based on genetic analysis that the mode for establishing well logging recognition mode is realized are surveyed
Well recognition methods.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies well logging based on genetic analysis
Recognition methods, being somebody's turn to do the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis includes: step 1, from the reality of research object
Border geologic information sets out, and carries out the analysis of mud shale Lithofacies Types；Step 2, it is surveyed from the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence analysis, typical well
Well tracing pattern is set out, and the influence of the Mineral pairs log of different origins type is analyzed；Step 3, referring to lithofacies well logging recognition
Mode establishes the well logging recognition mode plate for adapting to research object；Step 4, it will need to identify the log data of lithofacies well
It is segmented and compares with recognition mode, carry out lithofacies and identify one by one.
The purpose of the present invention can be also achieved by the following technical measures:
In step 1, from the practical geologic information of research object, the type and salinity of lake water these bases of lake basin are got clear
Eigen specifies the main Lithofacies Types of lake basin mud shale by core observation and thin section analysis data.
In step 1, according to terrestrial lake basin core observe and count, lacustrine facies mud shale by stratification construction development degree,
The content of carbonate mineral and organic matter is divided into three classes lithofacies, respectively blocky, stratiform and lamellar, and bulk includes mud stone, ash
Matter mud stone, stratiform include mud stone, grey matter mud stone, and lamellar includes shale, oil shale, grey matter oil shale, calcium tablet black cat.
In step 2, the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence are described below:
(1) terrigenous clastic mineral
Terrigenous clastic mineral include clay, quartz, feldspar, wherein based on clay mineral, quartz, spectra content
It is low, and polydispersion is among clay mineral；
(2) carbonate mineral
Based on calcite, secondary is dolomite, siderite, and there are two types of sources for comprehensive analysis its ingredient: biology and being flashed to
The carbonate of the carbonate of cause, the chemical bond origin cause of formation；
Biology and flash to because carbonate: from lake rim northern South China Sea class, after mechanical damage, elutriation
It floats to lake profundal zone to deposit, recrystallization can occur under specific condition for particle, row is at coarse based on micrite
Particle, for the origin cause of formation of this kind of carbonate by seasonal effect, occurrence is mainly in stratiform or lamellar integrated distribution, such as horizontal lamination
In light tone layer；
The carbonate of the chemical bond origin cause of formation: the constituents are that chemical precipitation or metharmosis are formed, with cement shape
Formula exists, and is distributed in argillaceous rocks in evenly dispersed shape, and the degree of saltiness of lake water medium has obviously the content of such carbonate mineral
Control action, the carbonate content of lake water salinization, the chemical bond origin cause of formation is higher；
(3) organic matter
It is attached among argillic horizon, is in layered distribution, abundance of organic matter is higher, and mud shale color is deeper.
In step 2, analyze the Mineral pairs resistivity of different origins type, interval transit time, neutron porosity, density these
The influence of log, the influence of different minerals ingredient and occurrence to log are as follows:
(1) carbonate
Carbonate is obvious to resistivity, the influence of three porosity curve, that is, sound wave, neutron porosity and density, in addition to mineral
Content outside, carbonate occurrence difference generate influence it is also different；
Stratiform carbonate influences the high value part of resistivity, and content more high resistivity absolute value is also higher, stratiform carbonate
It is finer and close, infrasonic wave's time difference, low neutron porosity and highdensity feature are shown as on three porosity curve；
Evenly dispersed shape carbonate intersperses among in clay, influences the base value part of resistivity, and content gets over high resistivity song
The base value of line is also higher, and the carbonate content of evenly dispersed shape is high in salt water lake mud shale, and resistivity base value is also universal high,
Response of the even dispersed carbonate on three porosity curve is the lifting of overall amplitude, and content is high, then the sound of lithofacies totality
The wave time difference, intermediate neutron porosity value reduce, and density increases；
(2) clay and organic matter
Organic matter is attached among clay, is had an impact jointly to log with clay；
Clay particle is fine, in micropore contain a large amount of irreducible water, the electric conductivity of clay is good, resistivity curve response be it is low-
Extremely low value, the poorly conductive of organic matter, in the case where being rich in organic matter, bound water content reduces clay, overall electric conductivity
Difference shows as height-extremely high value；
Clay and organic matter are of a relatively loose, and praetersonic time difference, high neutron porosity, low is shown as on three porosity curve
The feature of density.
In step 3, lithofacies characteristics and log recognition mode are as follows:
(1) blocky class lithofacies
Blocky mud stone: it is formed in open lake fresh water-brackishwater environment, color is grayish green-light grey, nearly terrigenous deposit rate
Height lacks stratification construction, and blocky mud stone CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE content is high, and the content of organic matter is low, organic carbon < 2%, good conductivity, surveys
Well recognition mode are as follows: resistivity is low-extremely low value；Interval transit time and neutron porosity high level, density low value, profile amplitude variation
Less；
Blocky grey matter mud stone: half occlusion saline lacustrine facies environment, color light gray-grey are formed in.By coming from lake basin phytal zone
The fresh water shale particle in domain is mixed with the certain salinity grey matter colloid of lake basin deep layer, generates flocculation, is settled and is formed in lake basin, deposition
Rate is high, and organic matter is not enriched with, organic carbon < 2%, in the form of cementing existing for evenly dispersed shape grey matter content it is high, affect rock
The electric conductivity of stone totality, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity is medium-low value；Interval transit time and neutron porosity are intermediate value, density
In-high level；Lithology mean value, the variation of curve height are little；
(2) stratiform class lithofacies
Stratiform mud stone: being formed in half occlusion fresh water-brackish water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, in the content of organic matter
Deng-low, organic carbon 1.5-3%, in the terrigenous clastics mineral content such as clay, quartz-high, stratification system seasonality or terrigenous clastic
Intermittence injection influences to be formed, and deposition rate is medium, is in stratiform, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity is medium-low value；When sound wave
Difference and neutron porosity are intermediate value, density is intermediate value, and curve changes little dentation in amplitude；
Stratiform grey matter mud stone: being formed in half occlusion salt water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, and the content of organic matter is medium-
Low, organic carbon 2-4%, the terrigenous clastics mineral content such as clay, quartz is medium, by the terrigenous clastics such as clay layer and is rich in carbonic acid
Salt deposit periodically superposition deposition is formed, and deposition rate is medium-low, is in stratiform or unobvious lamellar, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistance
Rate is intermediate value, and base value is higher, and it is high to represent cementing class carbonate content；Interval transit time and neutron porosity are middle low value, density is
Middle high level, curve change little dentation in amplitude；
(3) lamina class lithofacies
Lamina class lithofacies type is more, is formed in the strong reducing environment of blind lake, and lake water has temperature or salinity stratification phenomenon, glues
The terrigenous clastics mineral content such as soil, quartz is low, and deposition rate is slow-extremely slow, and organic matter is abundant, with the enrichment degree of organic matter
Increase color and be rendered as dark-grey, brown, brown-black, the stratification development that seasonal variation deposition is formed, by it is fine, smooth,
It is continuously even rich in organic matter clay lamina and cryptocrystalline calcium carbonate lamina or phenocrystalline caliche group stratification；
Lamellar shale: organic matter is medium, organic carbon 2-4%, and the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low.Well logging
Recognition mode are as follows: low value in resistivity；The needle pattern that interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rise and fall in moderate range height, generation
The frequent alternating layers of the terrigenous clastics such as table clay lamina and carbonate lamina；
Lamillar shale: organic matter is abundant, organic carbon 4-6%, and the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low.It surveys
Well recognition mode are as follows: resistivity high level, matrix are low；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rise and fall in middle high-amplitude needle pattern,
Represent the seasonal stratification development of rich organic matter clay lamina and carbonate lamina；
Lamellar grey matter oil shale: organic matter is abundant, and organic carbon 4-6%, the laminated structure of shale is obvious, the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbon of class
Phosphate content is high.Well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity high level, base value are higher；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve are in medium
Amplitude dentation, it is poor to reduce profile amplitude for cementing class carbonate content height in clay lamina.
Lamellar calcium tablet black cat: organic matter is extremely abundant, and organic carbon 4-17%, black cat layer texture is superfine micro-, meat
Eye is not easy to differentiate, also known as greasy filth rock, intermediate intermediate plate shape calcium carbonate layer, is formed for cryptocrystalline carbonate rock recrystallization.Well logging
Recognition mode is more special, are as follows: resistivity height-extremely high value, base value can be high or low, and represent cementing class carbonate content from low to high all
Have, interval transit time and neutron porosity curve are presented significantly needle pattern and rise and fall characterized by there is extremely high value, and high level represents
Clay lamina, that is, black cat rich in organic matter, low value represent caliche i.e. calcium tablet.
In step 4, will need to identify lithofacies well log data and recognition mode segmentation compare, carry out lithofacies by
One identification: low-resistivity value is bulk, and medium resistance rate value is stratiform, and high resistivity value is lamellar, occasionally there is high electricity
Resistance rate, the grey rock stratum of infrasonic wave's time difference are sandwiched in mud shale, but are easy to distinguish；Resistivity base value is high, then reflects cementing class carbonic acid
Salt content is high, can recognize as containing grey matter；The needle pattern acute variation of three porosity curve is the reflection of lamina.
The lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis in the present invention, is related to continental sedimentary basin phase
Theoretic knowledge, technical application and oil-gas field geology Exploration Domain are closed, can be commented for the exploration of Continental Petroliferous Basins shale oil gas
Valence provides a set of simple and effective Lithofacies Identification method.Mud shale lithofacies include the weight such as reservoir physical, compressibility, oil-gas possibility
Evaluation index is wanted, the evaluation index difference of different type mud shale lithofacies is big, can be to shale oil pneumatic drill prospect pit using this method
Lithofacies Identification and evaluation are carried out, the distribution rule of advantageous lithofacies is studied, the exploration deployment for shale oil gas provides foundation.This
The lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis in invention, changes in the past to mud shale with single lithology
It for the Logging Identification Method of unit, is identified using form of logs combination, this method payes attention to the opposite change of log
Change, the absolute value of log only does the reference of Lithofacies Identification.Also, the occurrence that origin cause of formation method of identification highlights mineral is bent to well logging
The influence of line morphology, carbonate mineral forms stratiform and two kinds of evenly dispersed (cement form) there are two types of the origin cause of formation in mud shale
Occurrence, log are also completely different to the response of the hydrochlorate mineral of two kinds of occurrence.The invention is by establishing log identification
Mode carries out Lithofacies Identification to probing well, and method is easy to operate, the exploration research and production suitable for terrestrial lake basin shale oil gas
It maps out the work.This method is mainly formed in the exploration knowledge of Jiyang depression oil shale, to mud in other CONTINENTAL FACIES IN lake basins
The Lithofacies Identification of shale also has certain reference and adaptability.Know using lithofacies of this method to terrestrial lake basin mud shale
Not, it can achieve and evaluation of classification carried out to the lithofacies of mud shale, find out the purpose that advantageous lithofacies development area carries out exploration deployment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a specific embodiment of the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method of the invention based on genetic analysis
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is carbonate mineral source and occurrence schematic diagram in lacustrine facies mud shale in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is blocky mud stone well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is blocky grey matter mud stone well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is a specific embodiment laminate mud stone well logging recognition ideograph of the invention；
Fig. 6 is a specific embodiment laminate grey matter mud stone well logging recognition ideograph of the invention；
Fig. 7 is lamellar shale well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is lamillar shale well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is lamellar grey matter oil shale well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention；
Figure 10 is lamellar calcium tablet black cat well logging recognition ideograph in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To enable above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferably implementation is cited below particularly out
Example, and cooperate shown in attached drawing, it is described in detail below.
The process for the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis that as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is of the invention
Figure.
Step 101, from the practical geologic information of research object, it is substantially special that type and salinity of lake water of lake basin etc. are got clear
Sign specifies the main Lithofacies Types of lake basin mud shale by core observation and thin section analysis data.
It is observed and is counted according to terrestrial lake basin core, development degree, carbonate mineral of the lacustrine facies mud shale by stratification construction
And content of organic matter etc. can be divided into three classes lithofacies, respectively blocky (including mud stone, grey matter mud stone), stratiform (including mud stone, ash
Matter mud stone), lamellar (including shale, oil shale, grey matter oil shale, calcium tablet black cat etc.).The main mine of different Lithofacies Types
Object content and occurrence, abundance of organic matter have bigger difference, and main Lithofacies Types, title are shown in Table 1.
The main Lithofacies Types table of 1 lacustrine facies mud shale of table
Listed carbonate total amount is the statistical data of Jiyang depression in table 1, and other areas can be adjusted according to local characteristic,
The carbonate total amount of each Lithofacies Types of Jiyang depression mud shale is frequently more than 50%, and usual mud shale carbonate content is greater than 50%
I.e. transition be limestone class, but in fact, the argillaceous rocks such as prospect pit well logging central gray shale, grey matter oil shale grey matter content measured value
Mostly in 50%-70%.Trace it to its cause is that there are two types of the origin cause of formation, laminates, the source in a manner of mechanical handing for carbonate mineral
Carbonate rock particle can be attributed to shale ingredient and participate in name, as terrigenous clastic particle is then named less than 4 μm as argillaceous rocks,
Without name for the reason of sandstone it is the same.
Step 102, from the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence analysis, typical borehole logging tool tracing pattern, different origins are analyzed
The influence of the logs such as the Mineral pairs resistivity of type, interval transit time, neutron porosity, density.
In one embodiment, the mud shale essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence analysis are carried out.Mud shale is that mechanical deposit point is different
Most thin product, 4 μm of granularity <, ingredient includes terrigenous clastic mineral, carbonate mineral and organic matter etc..The essential mineral origin cause of formation and
Occurrence is described below.
(1) terrigenous clastic mineral
Terrigenous clastic mineral include clay, quartz, feldspar etc., wherein based on clay mineral, quartz, spectra content
It is low, and polydispersion is among clay mineral.
(2) carbonate mineral
Based on calcite, secondary is dolomite, siderite.There are mainly two types of sources for its ingredient of comprehensive analysis: biology and steaming
Send out the carbonate of the origin cause of formation, the carbonate (Fig. 2) of the chemical bond origin cause of formation.
Biology and flash to because carbonate: from lake rim northern South China Sea class, after mechanical damage, elutriation
Lake profundal zone is floated to deposit.Recrystallization can occur under specific condition for particle, row is at coarse based on micrite
Particle.For the origin cause of formation of this kind of carbonate by seasonal effect, occurrence is mainly in stratiform or lamellar integrated distribution, such as horizontal lamination
In light tone layer (shown in Fig. 2).
The carbonate of the chemical bond origin cause of formation: the constituents are that chemical precipitation or metharmosis are formed, with cement shape
Formula exists, and is distributed in argillaceous rocks in evenly dispersed shape.The degree of saltiness of lake water medium has obviously the content of such carbonate mineral
Control action, the carbonate content of lake water salinization, the chemical bond origin cause of formation is higher.
(3) organic matter
It is mainly attached among argillic horizon, is in layered distribution.Abundance of organic matter is higher, and mud shale color is deeper, such as dark-grey,
Grey brown, dark brown.
The influence of different minerals ingredient and occurrence to log are as follows:
(1) carbonate
Influence of the carbonate to resistivity, three porosity curve (sound wave, neutron porosity and density) is obvious, in addition to mineral
Content outside, carbonate occurrence difference generate influence it is also different.
Stratiform carbonate influences the high value part of resistivity, and content more high resistivity absolute value is also higher；Stratiform carbonate
It is finer and close, infrasonic wave's time difference, low neutron porosity and highdensity feature are shown as on three porosity curve.
Evenly dispersed shape carbonate intersperses among in other mineral such as clay, influences the base value part of resistivity, and content is got over
The base value of high resistivity curve is also higher.Generally, the carbonate content of evenly dispersed shape is high in salt water lake mud shale, resistivity
Base value is also universal high；Response of the evenly dispersed shape carbonate on three porosity curve is the lifting of overall amplitude, and content is high,
Then the interval transit time of lithofacies totality, intermediate neutron porosity value reduce, and density increases.
(2) clay and organic matter
Organic matter is generally attached among clay, is had an impact jointly to log with clay.
Clay particle is fine, a large amount of irreducible water is contained in micropore, the electric conductivity of clay is good under normal circumstances, resistivity curve
Response is low-extremely low value；The poorly conductive of organic matter, in the case where being rich in organic matter, bound water content reduces clay, overall
Poorly conductive, show as height-extremely high value.
Clay and organic matter are of a relatively loose, and praetersonic time difference, high neutron porosity, low is shown as on three porosity curve
The feature of density.
Step 103, referring to lithofacies well logging recognition mode, the well logging recognition mode plate for adapting to research object is established.
Lithofacies characteristics and log recognition mode are as follows:
(1) blocky class lithofacies
Blocky mud stone: being generally formed in open lake fresh water-brackishwater environment, and color is grayish green-light grey, nearly terrigenous deposit speed
Rate is high, lacks stratification construction.Blocky mud stone CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE content is high, and the content of organic matter is low (the general < 2% of organic carbon), therefore
Good conductivity.Well logging recognition mode is as shown in Figure 3: resistivity is low-extremely low value；It is interval transit time and neutron porosity high level, close
Low value is spent, profile amplitude variation is little.
Blocky grey matter mud stone: half occlusion saline lacustrine facies environment, color light gray-grey are generally formed in.By shallow from lake basin
The fresh water shale particle of water area is mixed with the certain salinity grey matter colloid of lake basin deep layer, generates flocculation, is settled and is formed in lake basin.
Deposition rate is high, and organic matter is not enriched with (the general < 2% of organic carbon), in the form of cementing existing for evenly dispersed shape grey matter content
Height affects the electric conductivity of rock totality.Well logging recognition mode is as shown in Figure 4: resistivity is medium-low value；Interval transit time is in
Sub-aperture porosity be intermediate value, in density-high level；Lithology mean value, the variation of curve height are little.
(2) stratiform class lithofacies
Stratiform mud stone: being formed in half occlusion fresh water-brackish water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, in the content of organic matter
Deng-low (organic carbon 1.5-3%), in the terrigenous clastics mineral content such as clay, quartz-high, stratification system is seasonal or Lu Yuan is broken
The intermittent injection of bits influences to be formed, and deposition rate is medium, is in stratiform.Well logging recognition mode is as shown in Figure 5: resistivity is medium-low
Value；Interval transit time and neutron porosity are intermediate value, density is intermediate value, and curve changes little dentation in amplitude.
Stratiform grey matter mud stone: being formed in half occlusion salt water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, and the content of organic matter is medium-low
(organic carbon 2-4%), the terrigenous clastics mineral content such as clay, quartz are medium.By the terrigenous clastics such as clay layer and it is rich in carbonic acid
Salt deposit periodically superposition deposition is formed, and deposition rate is medium-low, is in stratiform or unobvious lamellar.Well logging recognition mode such as Fig. 6 institute
Show: resistivity is intermediate value, and base value is higher, and it is high to represent cementing class carbonate content；Interval transit time and neutron porosity be middle low value,
Density is middle high level, and curve changes little dentation in amplitude.
(3) lamina class lithofacies
Lamina class lithofacies type is more, is mainly formed in the strong reducing environment of blind lake, and lake water has temperature or salinity stratification phenomenon,
The terrigenous clastics mineral content such as clay, quartz is low, and deposition rate is slow-extremely slow, and organic matter is abundant, with the enrichment journey of organic matter
Degree increases color and is rendered as dark-grey, brown, brown-black.The stratification development that seasonal variation deposition is formed, by fine, flat
It is whole, continuously even rich in organic matter clay lamina and cryptocrystalline calcium carbonate lamina (or phenocrystalline caliche) group stratification.
Lamellar shale: organic matter is medium (organic carbon 2-4%), and the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low.It surveys
Well recognition mode is as shown in Figure 7: low value in resistivity；What interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rose and fell in moderate range height
Needle pattern represents the frequent alternating layers of the terrigenous clastics such as clay lamina and carbonate lamina.
Lamillar shale: organic matter enriches (4-6%), and the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low.Well logging recognition
Mode is as shown in Figure 8: resistivity high level, matrix are low；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rise and fall in middle high-amplitude needle pattern,
Represent the seasonal stratification development of rich organic matter clay lamina and carbonate lamina.
Lamellar grey matter oil shale: organic matter enriches (4-6%), and the laminated structure of shale is obvious, and the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate of class contains
Amount is high.Well logging recognition mode is as shown in Figure 9: resistivity high level, base value are higher；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve are in medium
Amplitude dentation, it is poor to reduce profile amplitude for cementing class carbonate content height in clay lamina.
Lamellar calcium tablet black cat: organic matter is extremely abundant (4-17%), and black cat layer texture is superfine micro-, is visually not easy point
It distinguishes, also known as greasy filth rock, intermediate intermediate plate shape calcium carbonate layer, is formed for cryptocrystalline carbonate rock recrystallization.Well logging recognition mode
Relatively especially, as shown in Figure 10: resistivity height-extremely high value, base value can be high or low, and represent cementing class carbonate content from low to high all
Have；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve are presented significantly needle pattern and rise and fall characterized by there is extremely high value, and high level represents
Clay lamina (i.e. black cat) rich in organic matter, low value represent caliche (i.e. calcium tablet).
Step 104, the log data for needing to identify lithofacies well and recognition mode segmentation are compared, carries out lithofacies one by one
Identification: general low-resistivity value is bulk, and medium resistance rate value is stratiform, and high resistivity value is lamellar, occasionally there is height
Resistivity, the grey rock stratum of infrasonic wave's time difference are sandwiched in mud shale, but are easy to distinguish；Resistivity base value is high, then reflects cementing class carbon
Phosphate content is high, can recognize as containing grey matter；The needle pattern acute variation of three porosity curve, the generally reflection of lamina.
The lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis in the present invention presses the origin cause of formation for mud shale for the first time
Middle carbonate mineral divides into two kinds of occurrence, respectively layered distribution and the distribution of evenly dispersed shape, it is indicated that the carbonic acid of two kinds of occurrence
Salt mineral have visibly different two kinds of responses on log, thus lithofacies cannot be distinguished with the absolute value of log,
Propose it is a kind of it is easy to operate, can in oil field prospecting research widely applied log mode Lithofacies Identification method, be
The exploration of terrestrial lake basin shale oil gas provides new Research Thinking and technological means.
Claims (3)
1. the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method based on genetic analysis, which is characterized in that should the lake based on genetic analysis
Phase mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method includes:
Step 1, from the practical geologic information of research object, the analysis of mud shale Lithofacies Types is carried out；
Step 2, from the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence analysis, typical borehole logging tool tracing pattern, different origins type is analyzed
The influence of Mineral pairs log；
Step 3, referring to lithofacies well logging recognition mode, the well logging recognition mode plate for adapting to research object is established；
Step 4, the log data for needing to identify lithofacies well and recognition mode segmentation are compared, carries out lithofacies and identifies one by one；
In step 2, the essential mineral origin cause of formation and occurrence are described below:
(1) terrigenous clastic mineral
Terrigenous clastic mineral include clay, quartz, feldspar, wherein quartz, spectra content are low based on clay mineral, and
Polydispersion is among clay mineral；
(2) carbonate mineral
Based on calcite, secondary is dolomite, siderite, and there are two types of sources for comprehensive analysis its ingredient: biology and flash to because
The carbonate of carbonate, the chemical bond origin cause of formation；
Biology and flash to because carbonate: from lake rim northern South China Sea class, floated after mechanical damage, elutriation
It is deposited to lake profundal zone, based on micrite recrystallization can occur under specific condition for particle, form coarse
Grain, for the origin cause of formation of this kind of carbonate by seasonal effect, occurrence is mainly in stratiform or lamellar integrated distribution；
The carbonate of the chemical bond origin cause of formation: the constituents are that chemical precipitation or metharmosis are formed, and are deposited in the form of cement
It is being distributed in argillaceous rocks in evenly dispersed shape, the degree of saltiness of lake water medium has apparent control to the content of such carbonate mineral
Production is used, and the carbonate content of lake water salinization, the chemical bond origin cause of formation is higher；
(3) organic matter
It is attached among argillic horizon, is in layered distribution, abundance of organic matter is higher, and mud shale color is deeper；
In step 2, these well loggings of the Mineral pairs resistivity of analysis different origins type, interval transit time, neutron porosity, density
The influence of curve, the influence of different minerals ingredient and occurrence to log are as follows:
(1) carbonate
Carbonate is obvious to resistivity, the influence of three porosity curve, that is, sound wave, neutron porosity and density, in addition to containing for mineral
Amount is outer, and the influence that carbonate occurrence difference generates is also different；
Stratiform carbonate influences the high value part of resistivity, and content more high resistivity absolute value is also higher, and stratiform carbonate relatively causes
It is close, infrasonic wave's time difference, low neutron porosity and highdensity feature are shown as on three porosity curve；
Evenly dispersed shape carbonate intersperses among in clay, influences the base value part of resistivity, and content gets over high resistivity curve
Base value is also higher, and the carbonate content of evenly dispersed shape is high in salt water lake mud shale, and resistivity base value is also universal high, uniformly divides
Response of the bulk carbonate on three porosity curve is the lifting of overall amplitude, and content is high, then when the sound wave of lithofacies totality
Difference, intermediate neutron porosity value reduce, and density increases；
(2) clay and organic matter
Organic matter is attached among clay, is had an impact jointly to log with clay；
Clay particle is fine, and a large amount of irreducible water are contained in micropore, and the electric conductivity of clay is good, and resistivity curve response is low-extremely low
Value, the poorly conductive of organic matter, in the case where being rich in organic matter, bound water content reduces clay, overall poorly conductive, table
It is now height-extremely high value；
Clay and organic matter are of a relatively loose, and the praetersonic time difference, high neutron porosity, low-density are shown as on three porosity curve
Feature；
In step 3, lithofacies characteristics and log recognition mode are as follows:
(1) blocky class lithofacies
Blocky mud stone: being formed in open lake fresh water-brackishwater environment, and color is grayish green-light grey, and nearly terrigenous deposit rate is high, lacks
Weary stratification construction, blocky mud stone CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE content is high, and the content of organic matter is low, organic carbon < 2%, good conductivity, and well logging is known
Other mode are as follows: resistivity is low-extremely low value；Interval transit time and neutron porosity high level, density low value, profile amplitude change not
Greatly；
Blocky grey matter mud stone: half occlusion saline lacustrine facies environment, color light gray-grey, by from lake basin shallow water area are formed in
Fresh water shale particle is mixed with the certain salinity grey matter colloid of lake basin deep layer, generates flocculation, is settled and is formed in lake basin, deposition rate
Height, organic matter are not enriched with, organic carbon < 2%, in the form of cementing existing for evenly dispersed shape grey matter content it is high, it is total to affect rock
The electric conductivity of body, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity is medium-low value；Interval transit time and neutron porosity be intermediate value, in density-
High level；Lithology mean value, the variation of curve height are little；
(2) stratiform class lithofacies
Stratiform mud stone: being formed in half occlusion fresh water-brackish water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, and the content of organic matter is medium-low,
Organic carbon is 1.5-3%, and in clay, quartzy terrigenous clastic mineral content-high, stratification system is seasonal or terrigenous clastic intermittence note
Entering influences to be formed, and deposition rate is medium, is in stratiform, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity is medium-low value；Interval transit time and neutron
Porosity is intermediate value, density is intermediate value, and curve changes little dentation in amplitude；
Stratiform grey matter mud stone: being formed in half occlusion salt water lake environment, and color is ash-Dark grey, and the content of organic matter is medium-low, has
Machine carbon is 2-4%, and clay, quartzy terrigenous clastic mineral content are medium, by clay terrigenous clastic layer and is rich in the carbonate horizon period
Property superposition deposition formed, deposition rate is medium-low, is in stratiform or unobvious lamellar, well logging recognition mode are as follows: during resistivity is
Value, base value is higher, and it is high to represent cementing class carbonate content；Interval transit time and neutron porosity are middle low value, density is middle high level,
Curve changes little dentation in amplitude；
(3) lamina class lithofacies
Lamina class lithofacies type is more, is formed in the strong reducing environment of blind lake, and lake water has temperature or salinity stratification phenomenon, clay, stone
English terrigenous clastic mineral content is low, and deposition rate is slow-extremely slow, and organic matter is abundant, as the enrichment degree of organic matter increases face
Color is rendered as dark-grey, brown, brown-black, the stratification development that seasonal variation deposition is formed, by fine, smooth, continuous
It is even rich in organic matter clay lamina and cryptocrystalline calcium carbonate lamina or phenocrystalline caliche group stratification；
Lamellar shale: organic matter is medium, and organic carbon 2-4%, the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low, well logging recognition
Mode are as follows: low value in resistivity；The needle pattern that interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rise and fall in moderate range height, represents viscous
The frequent alternating layers of native terrigenous clastic lamina and carbonate lamina；
Lamillar shale: organic matter is abundant, and organic carbon content 4-6%, the cementing evenly dispersed shape carbonate content of class is low, well logging
Recognition mode are as follows: resistivity high level, matrix are low；Interval transit time and neutron porosity curve rise and fall in middle high-amplitude needle pattern, generation
The development of the seasonal stratification of table richness organic matter clay lamina and carbonate lamina；
Lamellar grey matter oil shale: organic matter is abundant, and organic carbon content 4-6% content, the laminated structure of shale is obvious, the cementing evenly dispersed shape of class
Carbonate content is high, well logging recognition mode are as follows: resistivity high level, base value are higher；During interval transit time and neutron porosity curve be in
Etc. amplitudes dentation, it is poor to reduce profile amplitude for cementing class carbonate content height in clay lamina；
Lamellar calcium tablet black cat: organic matter is extremely abundant, and organic carbon content 4-17%, black cat layer texture is superfine micro-, naked eyes
It is not easy to differentiate, also known as greasy filth rock, intermediate intermediate plate shape calcium carbonate layer, be formed for cryptocrystalline carbonate rock recrystallization, well logging is known
Other mode is more special, are as follows: resistivity height-extremely high value, base value can be high or low, and represent cementing class carbonate content from low to high all
Have, interval transit time and neutron porosity curve are presented significantly needle pattern and rise and fall characterized by there is extremely high value, and high level represents
Clay lamina, that is, black cat rich in organic matter, low value represent caliche i.e. calcium tablet；
In step 4, the log data for needing to identify lithofacies well and recognition mode segmentation are compared, carries out lithofacies and knows one by one
Other: low-resistivity value is bulk, and medium resistance rate value is stratiform, and high resistivity value is lamellar, occasionally have high resistivity,
The grey rock stratum of infrasonic wave's time difference is sandwiched in mud shale, but is easy to distinguish；Resistivity base value is high, then reflects cementing class carbonate content
Height can recognize as containing grey matter；The needle pattern acute variation of three porosity curve is the reflection of lamina.
2. the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method according to claim 1 based on genetic analysis, which is characterized in that
In step 1, from the practical geologic information of research object, the type and salinity of lake water these essential characteristics of lake basin are got clear,
By core observation and thin section analysis data, the main Lithofacies Types of lake basin mud shale are specified.
3. the lacustrine facies mud shale lithofacies Logging Identification Method according to claim 2 based on genetic analysis, which is characterized in that
In step 1, it observes and counts according to terrestrial lake basin core, development degree, carbonate mine of the lacustrine facies mud shale by stratification construction
The content of object and organic matter is divided into three classes lithofacies, respectively blocky, stratiform and lamellar, and bulk includes mud stone, grey matter mud stone, layer
Shape includes mud stone, grey matter mud stone, and lamellar includes shale, oil shale, grey matter oil shale, calcium tablet black cat.
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