CN108072574A - It tests rock mass discontinuity and shears anisotropic shear box - Google Patents
It tests rock mass discontinuity and shears anisotropic shear box Download PDFInfo
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- CN108072574A CN108072574A CN201711304143.1A CN201711304143A CN108072574A CN 108072574 A CN108072574 A CN 108072574A CN 201711304143 A CN201711304143 A CN 201711304143A CN 108072574 A CN108072574 A CN 108072574A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012803 optimization experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
Abstract
It is specific to provide one kind for testing the anisotropic shear box of rock mass discontinuity shearing the invention belongs to rock mass mechanics laboratory experiment technical field.Present invention seek to address that for different shape, the anisotropic achievement in research of different scale rock mass structural plane shearing strength is insufficient the problem of.The shear box of the present invention includes upper shear box and down cut box, upper shear box and down cut box include outer box, adjustment plate, outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and inner cylinder, the accommodating chamber for placing rock mass to be tested is formed between the inner cylinder of upper shear box and down cut box, wherein, outer box, adjustment plate, outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and inner cylinder in upper shear box are bolted to connection, and at least inner cylinder can rotate any angle relative to outer box in down cut box.Therefore, by exchanging outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and/or the inner cylinder of different shape and size, shear box of the invention can carry out direct shear test to the structural plane of different shape, different scale along arbitrary shear direction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mass mechanics laboratory experiment field, it is specific provide it is a kind of for test rock mass discontinuity shearing it is each to
The shear box of the opposite sex.
Background technology
Rock be by monomer mineral or chip under certain geologic process, be combined into according to certain rules with certain connection
The aggregate of knot effect, rock is the component of rock mass.Since the significant difference of rock mass and general object is that it is to be tied
The multiple cracks body of certain structure is cut, had in length and breadth in structure face.The deformation of rock mass and intensity are controlled by structural plane, therefore how accurate
The mechanical characteristic especially detrusion and strength characteristics that structural plane is held on ground are the key that carry out engineering rock mass estimation of stability.
Rock mass mechanics laboratory experiment is the important channel of the detrusion of research structure face and strength characteristics, direct shear test therein with
Its load mode is flexible and gets parms the characteristics of convenient as research structure face shear property in rock mass mechanics laboratory experiment
Optimization experiment method.
The structural plane pattern of rock mass is complicated and shearing strength has the characteristics that anisotropy, therefore the shearing resistance of reinforcement structure face is strong
The anisotropy research of degree shears behavior and evaluation engineering rock stability for cognitive structure face has important scientific meaning
And application value.It is subject to restricting for the shear box of foregoing direct shear test equipment, on different shape, the knot of different scale
Structure face shearing strength anisotropic achievement in research deficiency, thus how the structural plane shearing resistance for different shape, different scale
Intensity anisotropy is conducted further research as urgent problem to be solved.
Correspondingly, this field needs a kind of above-mentioned to solve for testing the anisotropic shear box of rock mass discontinuity shearing
Problem.
The content of the invention
It has been to solve for different shape, different scale rock mass structure to solve the above problem of the prior art
The problem of shearing strength anisotropic achievement in research in face is insufficient, the present invention provides one kind for testing rock mass discontinuity shearing
Anisotropic shear box, the shear box include the upper shear box being oppositely arranged and down cut box, the upper shear box and institute
State down cut box include outer box, inner cylinder and the adjustment component being arranged between the outer box and the inner cylinder, it is described on cut
The accommodating chamber for being formed between the inner cylinder of box and the down cut box and placing rock mass to be tested is cut, wherein, in the upper shear box
Outer box, inner cylinder and adjustment component be fixedly connected, at least inner cylinder can be rotated relative to outer box in the down cut box.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the adjustment component includes outer barrel, the outer barrel and the outer box
Position be relatively fixed, the inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer barrel.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the adjustment component includes at least a pair of of adjustment plate, the adjustment
Plate is fixedly connected with the outer box and forms cavity, is arranged to be placed in the cavity on the outside of the outer barrel.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, it is described adjustment component further include be arranged at the outer barrel with it is described interior
At least one adjusting cylinder between cylinder, at least described inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer barrel.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder being capable of relatively described outer barrels turn
It is dynamic, and can be rotated relative to one another between the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the outside of the cross section of the outer barrel be it is square, the outer barrel
The inside of cross section is circle, and the outside and inside of the cross section of the adjusting cylinder are circle, the cross section of the inner cylinder
Outside is circle, and the inside of the cross section of the inner cylinder is adapted with rock mass to be tested.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder being capable of relatively described outer barrels turn
It is dynamic, and the position between the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder is relatively fixed.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, the inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the adjusting cylinder, and the tune
The position of whole cylinder and the outer barrel is relatively fixed.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, rotational structure is provided in the inner cylinder and/or the adjusting cylinder,
The rotational structure is arranged to by making the inner cylinder and/or the opposite outer barrel of the adjusting cylinder with the cooperation of rotation instrument
It rotates.
In the optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned shear box, at least described outer barrel and the adjusting cylinder and/or the adjusting cylinder
The quarter for the rotational angle that can determine the inner cylinder and/or the opposite outer barrel of the adjusting cylinder is provided between the inner cylinder
Spend line.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that in the preferred technical solution of the present invention, by the way that shear box is set
Into including outer box, inner cylinder and the adjustment component being arranged between outer box and inner cylinder, and upper shear box and down cut box is interior
Form the mode for the accommodating chamber for placing rock mass to be tested between cylinder, shear box of the invention can to rock mass discontinuity sample into
Row anisotropy shearing experiment.Wherein, the outer box in upper shear box, inner cylinder and adjustment component are fixedly connected, in down cut box
At least inner cylinder can be rotated relative to outer box, and setting in this way can not only ensure the stability of upper shear box, and can incite somebody to action
The rock mass being positioned in the accommodating chamber is rotated at any angle.By adjusting the setting of component, different size can be made
Inner cylinder be in the outer box of same size, so as to only can be to the rock mass knot of different shape, different scale by replacing inner cylinder
Structure face carries out direct shear test along arbitrary shear direction, and overcoming shear box in the prior art can not be to different shape, difference
The structural plane of scale carries out the defects of shearing strength experiment, enrich research anisotropic to rock mass structural plane shearing strength into
Fruit.
Further, adjusting component includes outer barrel, and in the cavity of shearing outer box, inner cylinder is arranged in outer barrel simultaneously for outer barrel holding
It is completely attached to the inner wall of outer barrel.Inner cylinder can be rotated compared with outer barrel.By replacing the inner cylinder of different size, shear box can
Shearing experiment is carried out to the rock mass discontinuity sample of different scale and shape.By will be positioned over the rock mass in the accommodating chamber into
Row rotates at any angle, and shear box can carry out the rock mass discontinuity of different shape, different scale along arbitrary shear direction
Direct shear test.
Further, adjustment component further includes at least a pair of of adjustment plate and at least one adjusting cylinder.Outer barrel holding is adjusting
In the cavity that plate and shearing outer box are formed, adjusting cylinder is arranged between outer barrel and inner cylinder.The outer wall of adjusting cylinder and the inner wall of outer barrel
It completely attaches to, the outer wall of inner cylinder and the inner wall of adjusting cylinder completely attach to.Wherein, at least inner cylinder can be rotated compared with outer barrel.It is logical
It crosses increase and decrease or replaces the number and shape of adjustment component, while adjust inner cylinder corresponding with rock mass to be tested, shear box is
Anisotropy shearing experiment can be carried out to the rock mass discontinuity sample of different shape, different scale.Also, adjust component and inner cylinder
Mating setting reduce the production cost of shear box.Specifically, it is i.e. different to correspond to different accommodating chambers for different rock mass
Inner cylinder when being tested to different rock mass, only needs to change inner cylinder, if not adjusting component, due to the radial direction of inner cylinder
Thickness is larger, specification increases, therefore the cost of inner cylinder increases.In consideration of it, by increasing and decreasing or replacing the adjustment in adjustment component
Plate and/or outer barrel and/or adjusting cylinder are set, you can are made that the thickness of inner cylinder is smaller, specification is reduced, such as kept adjustment plate and outer barrel not
Become, when the radial dimension of rock mass smaller (i.e. the radial dimension of accommodating chamber is smaller), increase the number of adjusting cylinder, and work as rock
When the radial dimension of body is larger, the number of adjusting cylinder is reduced, so, the radial dimension regardless of rock mass, inner cylinder
Wall thickness it is all relatively thin compared with the wall thickness of inner cylinder when being not provided with adjusting cylinder, and adjusting cylinder and inner cylinder can mutually exchange,
It matches and reuses, therefore the production cost for reducing inner cylinder thereby reduces the production cost of shear box.It is that is, logical
It crosses and exchanges outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and/or the inner cylinder of different shape and size to change the shape for the accommodating chamber for placing rock mass to be tested
And size, the inner cylinder for placing rock mass to be tested is rotated into different angles, meets different scale and rock mass structure of different shapes
It interviews sample and shears anisotropic test request so that shear box can be arbitrary to the structural plane edge of different shape, different scale
Shear direction carries out direct shear test.
Description of the drawings
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in attached drawing：
Figure 1A is a kind of front view one of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Figure 1B is a kind of left view one of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 1 C are a kind of top views one of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 2A is a kind of front view one of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 2 B are a kind of left views one of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 2 C are a kind of top views one of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A are the front views of rotary spanner；
Fig. 3 B are the left views of rotary spanner；
Fig. 3 C are the top views of rotary spanner；
Fig. 4 A are a kind of front views two of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 4 B are a kind of left views two of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 4 C are a kind of top views two of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 5 A are a kind of front views two of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 5 B are a kind of left views two of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 5 C are a kind of top views two of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 6 A are a kind of front views three of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 6 B are a kind of left views three of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 6 C are a kind of top views three of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 7 A are a kind of front views three of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 7 B are a kind of left views three of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 7 C are a kind of top views three of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 8 A are a kind of front views four of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 8 B are a kind of left views four of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 8 C are a kind of top views four of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 9 A are a kind of front views four of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 9 B are a kind of left views four of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 9 C are a kind of top views four of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Illustrate list：
1st, upper shear box；2nd, down cut box；(3,4), outer barrel；5th, adjustment plate；(6,7), outer barrel；(8,9), adjusting cylinder；
10th, rotary spanner；(11,12), inner cylinder；(13,14,15,16), round outside but spuare inside sleeve；(17,18), square-outside and round-inside sleeve.
Specific embodiment
It will be apparent to a skilled person that this section embodiment is used only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention,
It is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Although for example, in attached drawing described with reference to square and circular two kinds of shapes
Fixation between each component mutually rotates, but this is not unalterable, and those skilled in the art can be as needed
It makes adjustment to it, to adapt to specific application scenario, such as by square replaces with irregular polymorphic structure, it is clear that adjust
Technical solution after whole will fall into protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " preceding ",
" rear ", " interior ", " outer " etc. indicate that the term of direction or position relationship is based on direction shown in the drawings or position relationship, this is only
It is for ease of description rather than instruction or implies that described device or element must have specific orientation and specific side
Position construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for description mesh
, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In addition it is also necessary to explanation, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integrally
Connection；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；It can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected by intermediary,
It can be the connection inside two elements.To those skilled in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term exists as the case may be
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, Figure 1A is a kind of implementation of the shear box of the present invention
The front view one of the upper shear box of example；Figure 1B is a kind of left view one of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 1 C are a kind of top views one of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；Fig. 2A is the one of the shear box of the present invention
The front view one of the down cut box of kind embodiment；Fig. 2 B are a kind of left views of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention
Figure one；Fig. 2 C are a kind of top views one of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention.With reference to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C
With Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 C, shear box includes the upper shear box 1 that is oppositely arranged and down cut box 2, upper shear box 1 include outer box 3,
Inner cylinder 11 and the adjustment component being arranged between outer box 3 and inner cylinder 11.Down cut box 2 includes outer box 4, inner cylinder 12 and is arranged on outer
Adjustment component between box 4 and inner cylinder 12.The accommodating chamber of rock mass to be tested can be placed by being formed between inner cylinder 11 and inner cylinder 12,
The shearing experiment of rock mass discontinuity sample is carried out with this.Setting in this way, only by replacing inner cylinder and increase and decrease, replacement
The mode of component is adjusted, can just change the size for the accommodating chamber for placing rock mass to be tested, there will be various sizes of accommodating chamber
Inner cylinder be rotatably secured to the outer box of uniform sizes so that shear box can be to the rock of different shape and scale
Body structural plane carries out shearing experiment.Wherein, the outer box 3 of upper shear box 1, inner cylinder 11 and adjustment component are consolidated by bolt device
Surely link together, the inner cylinder 12 of down cut box 2 can be rotated relative to outer box 4.Setting in this way, can either ensure on cut
The stability of box is cut, and the rock mass being positioned in the accommodating chamber can be rotated at any angle, so that shear box
Direct shear test can be carried out along arbitrary shear direction to the rock mass discontinuity of different shape, different scale.
With continued reference to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, the adjustment component of upper shear box 1 includes outer barrel 6, at least 5 and of a pair of of adjustment plate
At least one adjusting cylinder 8, as a kind of example, adjustment component includes a pair of of adjustment plate, i.e., left adjustment plate and right adjustment plate.Left tune
Whole plate and right adjustment plate left and right side walls and contacts baseplate with outer box 3 respectively, pass through bolt device with the front-rear side walls of outer box 3
It is fixedly connected, and forms the first semi-open square cavity.In assembled state, it is half-open to be placed in first just for outer barrel 6
It puts in square cavity.Adjusting cylinder 8 and inner cylinder 11 are bonded to each other and are seated just in outer barrel 6.Outer barrel 6, adjusting cylinder 8 and inner cylinder
11 are fixedly connected by bolt device with the front-rear side walls of outer box 3, and the end of bolt device does not pass through the barrel of inner cylinder 11.With
Just make the inner wall smooth of inner cylinder 11, form complete semi-open accommodating chamber.
With continued reference to Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 C, the adjustment component of down cut box 2 includes outer barrel 7, at least 5 and of a pair of of adjustment plate
At least one adjusting cylinder 9, as a kind of example, adjustment component includes a pair of of adjustment plate, i.e., left adjustment plate and right adjustment plate.Left tune
Whole plate and right adjustment plate left and right side walls and contacts baseplate with outer box 4 respectively, pass through bolt device with the front-rear side walls of outer box 4
It is fixedly connected, and forms the second semi-open square cavity.In assembled state, it is half-open to be placed in second just for outer barrel 7
It puts in square cavity.Adjusting cylinder 9 and inner cylinder 12 are bonded to each other and are seated just in outer barrel 7.Wherein, at least inner cylinder 12 can
It is rotated compared with outer barrel 7.Rock mass to be tested is placed in the accommodating chamber that inner cylinder 11 and inner cylinder 12 are formed, rotates inner cylinder 12 with band
Dynamic rock mass rotates different angles, so that shear box can carry out direct shearing reality to rock mass discontinuity along arbitrary shear direction
It tests.
Referring again to Fig. 2 C, Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C, wherein, Fig. 3 A are the front views of rotary spanner；Fig. 3 A are that rotation is pulled
The left view of hand；Fig. 3 A are the top views of rotary spanner.It is provided on the adjusting cylinder 9 of down cut box 2 and the upper surface of inner cylinder 12
In the rotational structure in four-prism type hole hole.The bottom surface long-diagonal direction in the four-prism type hole hole in adjusting cylinder 9 and adjustment
The barrel of cylinder 9 is radially consistent, and the length of long-diagonal is less than the wall thickness of adjusting cylinder 9, the incline in four-prism type hole hole
Direction is parallel with the depth direction of adjusting cylinder 9, and the length of incline be less than adjusting cylinder 9 depth, by the use of as with rotational structure
The rotary spanner 10 of the rotation instrument of cooperation, which is inserted into four-prism type hole hole, can surround adjusting cylinder 9 at cylinder center with any angle
It is rotated.The incline direction in the four-prism type hole hole on inner cylinder 12 is parallel with the depth direction of inner cylinder 12, four-prism type
The size of hole is identical with the size in the four-prism type hole hole of adjusting cylinder 9, and cylinder can be surrounded to inner cylinder 12 using rotary spanner 10
Center is rotated with any angle, so that the rock mass to be tested being positioned in inner cylinder 12 can be revolved at any angle
Turn, achieve the effect that shear box carries out direct shear test to rock mass discontinuity along arbitrary shear direction.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can reasonably be set according to the actual conditions of inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder
Rotational structure.For example, can be rotated in inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder relative to outer barrel and inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder are relatively fixed the situation of setting
Under, can rotational structure only be set on the end face of adjusting cylinder.By rotating adjusting cylinder inner cylinder is driven to rotate, so that being placed on
Rock mass to be tested in accommodating chamber rotates.As a kind of example, adjusting cylinder is larger round outside but spuare inside sleeve, inner cylinder is smaller
Square-outside and round-inside sleeve or adjusting cylinder are that long square socket, inner cylinder are smaller outer rectangular inner circle sleeve in larger outer circle.In addition,
Rotary spanner 10 is intended only as a kind of example of rotation instrument, and those skilled in the art can be according to actual conditions to rotating instrument
Reasonably set, such as manipulator.
Referring again to Fig. 2 C, the inner edge of 7 upper surface of outer barrel of down cut box 2, the inner edge of 9 upper surface of adjusting cylinder and outer rim,
The outer rim of 12 upper surface of inner cylinder is both provided with the graduation mark of definite inner cylinder rotating angle, and graduation mark includes long graduation mark and short scale
Line, long graduation mark indicate 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, and short graduation mark is at intervals of 5 °.By setting graduation mark, can directly see
Go out rotational angle of the inner cylinder with respect to adjusting cylinder, adjusting cylinder outer barrel relatively, improve the accuracy of experiment, while the setting of graduation mark
It is also beneficial in shearing experiment to the record of rotational angle data, provides convenience for subsequent research.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can be according to the actual mated condition spirit of outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and inner cylinder
Graduation mark is set livingly.For example, adjusting cylinder is larger round outside but spuare inside sleeve, inner cylinder is smaller square-outside and round-inside sleeve or tune
When whole cylinder is that long square socket, inner cylinder are smaller outer rectangular inner circle sleeve in larger outer circle, in outer barrel and the end face of adjusting cylinder
Upper setting graduation mark can achieve the effect that rotational angle of the definite inner cylinder with respect to outer barrel.
As illustrative description, in the above-described embodiments, the outer barrel of shear box is larger square-outside and round-inside sleeve, is adjusted
Cylinder is round buss in larger outer circle, and inner cylinder is round buss in smaller outer circle, and the adjusting cylinder of down cut box and inner cylinder are equal at this time
It can rotate relative to outer barrel, and can be rotated relative to one another between inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder.Still in the shape exemplified by, rock mass compared with
In the case of big, rock mass can be just placed in the cavity in the middle part of adjusting cylinder, i.e. adjusting cylinder is as inner cylinder, in the middle part of adjusting cylinder
Accommodating chamber of the cavity as inner cylinder.Illustrate this embodiment referring to Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 C, Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 C.
As shown in Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 C, Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 C, Fig. 4 A are a kind of implementation of the shear box of the present invention
The front view two of the upper shear box of example；Fig. 4 B are a kind of left views two of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 4 C are a kind of top views two of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；Fig. 5 A are the one of the shear box of the present invention
The front view two of the down cut box of kind embodiment；Fig. 5 B are a kind of left views of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention
Figure two；Fig. 5 C are a kind of top views two of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 C,
Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 C can remove inner cylinder (11,12) according to the size of the size of rock mass to be detected, by inner cylinder (11,12)
Outer adjusting cylinder (8,9) is used directly as inner cylinder.At this point, the outer barrel 6 of upper shear box 1 and the adjusting cylinder 8 as inner cylinder pass through
Bolt is fixedly connected with the front-rear side walls of outer box 3.The end of bolt pass through as inner cylinder adjusting cylinder 8 barrel and in barrel
Portion exactly matches, and to make the inner wall smooth of the adjusting cylinder 8 as inner cylinder, forms complete semi-open accommodating chamber.Down cut box 2
The adjusting cylinder 9 as inner cylinder can be rotated compared with outer barrel 7.As can be seen that it can change by adjusting inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder
The size of the accommodating chamber of the placement rock mass to be tested of shear box so that shear box can to various sizes of rock mass discontinuity into
Direct shear test of the row along arbitrary shear direction.
It should be noted that the adjustment mode of inner cylinder and adjustment component not only only has the adjustment side described in above-described embodiment
Formula.It can also be the embodiment described in following examples.
As shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 C, Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B and Fig. 7 C, Fig. 6 A are a kind of implementation of the shear box of the present invention
The front view three of the upper shear box of example；Fig. 6 B are a kind of left views three of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 6 C are a kind of top views three of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；Fig. 7 A are the one of the shear box of the present invention
The front view three of the down cut box of kind embodiment；Fig. 7 B are a kind of left views of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention
Figure three；Fig. 7 C are a kind of top views three of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 C,
The inner cylinder of upper shear box 1 is replaced with round outside but spuare inside sleeve 13, the inner cylinder of down cut box 2 is replaced with by Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B and Fig. 7 C
Round outside but spuare inside sleeve 14.At this point, square accommodating chamber is formed between inner cylinder.
As shown in Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, Fig. 8 C, Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B and Fig. 9 C, Fig. 8 A are a kind of implementation of the shear box of the present invention
The front view four of the upper shear box of example；Fig. 8 B are a kind of left views four of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；
Fig. 8 C are a kind of top views four of the upper shear box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention；Fig. 9 A are the one of the shear box of the present invention
The front view four of the down cut box of kind embodiment；Fig. 9 B are a kind of left views of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention
Figure four；Fig. 9 C are a kind of top views four of the down cut box of embodiment of the shear box of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, Fig. 8 C,
Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B and Fig. 9 C, the adjusting cylinder of upper shear box 1 is round outside but spuare inside sleeve 15, and the adjusting cylinder of down cut box 2 is round outside but spuare inside
Sleeve 16.Round outside but spuare inside sleeve 15 and round outside but spuare inside sleeve 16 can be used as inner cylinder at this time, directly carry out shearing experiment to rock mass.
At this point, larger-size square accommodating chamber is formed between round outside but spuare inside sleeve 15 and round outside but spuare inside sleeve 16.Or in inner cylinder
It can be rotated with adjusting cylinder relative to outer barrel, and in the case of the position between inner cylinder and adjusting cylinder is relatively fixed, upper shear box 1 also wraps
The smaller square-outside and round-inside sleeve 17 as inner cylinder corresponding with round outside but spuare inside sleeve 15 is included, down cut box 2 further includes and outer circle
The corresponding smaller square-outside and round-inside sleeve 18 as inner cylinder of interior square socket 16.At this point, smaller square-outside and round-inside sleeve 17 and compared with
Small square-outside and round-inside sleeve 18 forms cylindrical accommodating chamber in opposite directions.
In the case where inner cylinder can be rotated relative to adjusting cylinder and the position of adjusting cylinder and outer barrel is relatively fixed, as one
The outer barrel of kind example, upper shear box and down cut box is square socket in larger foreign side, and adjusting cylinder is in larger foreign side
Round buss, inner cylinder are round buss in smaller outer circle.
It should be noted that the inner cylinder of shear box can be arranged to and rock mass shape phase to be tested by those skilled in the art
The structure of adaptation.For example, inner cylinder can be sleeve of irregular polymorphic structure etc. in outer circle.In addition, those skilled in the art can
To make accommodation to outer barrel and adjusting cylinder according to the different size and shape of inner cylinder.
As can be seen that by dismounting or replacement to outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and/or inner cylinder, change and place rock mass to be tested
Inner cylinder accommodating chamber size and shape, meet different shape, different scale rock mass discontinuity sample shearing anisotropy
Test request, enable shear box to different shape, different scale rock mass discontinuity sample carry out shearing anisotropy test.
By foregoing description as can be seen that the present invention shear box mainly include outer box, inner cylinder and be arranged at outer box and
Adjustment component between inner cylinder, and the receiving for placing rock mass to be tested is formed between the inner cylinder of upper shear box and down cut box
Chamber carries out the effect of shearing experiment with this to realize shear box to rock mass discontinuity sample.Wherein, the outer box in upper shear box,
Inner cylinder and adjustment component are fixedly connected, and at least inner cylinder can be rotated relative to outer box in down cut box, and setting in this way is not
It can only ensure the stability of upper shear box, and the rock mass being positioned in the accommodating chamber can be turned at any angle
It is dynamic.By adjusting the setting of component, the inner cylinder of different size can be made to be in the outer box of same size, so as to only pass through replacement
Inner cylinder can carry out direct shear test to the rock mass discontinuity of different shape, different scale along arbitrary shear direction, overcome
The defects of shear box can not carry out shearing strength experiment to the structural plane of different shape, different scale in the prior art, enriches
To the anisotropic achievement in research of rock mass structural plane shearing strength.Wherein, adjusting component includes outer barrel, and outer barrel holding is outer in shearing
In the cavity of box, inner cylinder is arranged in outer barrel and is completely attached to the inner wall of outer barrel.Inner cylinder can be rotated compared with outer barrel.Pass through
The inner cylinder of different size is replaced, shear box can carry out shearing experiment to the rock mass discontinuity sample of different scale and shape.It is logical
It crosses and is rotated the rock mass being positioned in the accommodating chamber at any angle, shear box can be to different shape, different scale
Rock mass discontinuity along arbitrary shear direction carry out direct shear test.Adjustment component further includes at least a pair of of adjustment plate and at least
One adjusting cylinder.In the cavity that outer barrel holding is formed in adjustment plate and shearing outer box, adjusting cylinder is arranged between outer barrel and inner cylinder.
The outer wall of adjusting cylinder and the inner wall of outer barrel completely attach to, and the outer wall of inner cylinder and the inner wall of adjusting cylinder completely attach to.Wherein, it is at least interior
Cylinder can be rotated compared with outer barrel.As can be seen that by increase and decrease or replace adjustment component number and shape, while adjust with
The corresponding inner cylinder of rock mass to be tested, shear box can to the rock mass discontinuity sample of different shape, different scale carry out it is each to
Different in nature shearing experiment.Also, the mating setting of adjustment component and inner cylinder reduces the production cost of shear box.Specifically, no
Same rock mass corresponds to the i.e. different inner cylinder of different accommodating chambers, when being tested to different rock mass, only needs to change inner cylinder,
If not adjusting component, since the radial thickness of inner cylinder is larger, specification increases, the cost of inner cylinder increases.It is in consideration of it, logical
Cross increase and decrease or replace adjustment plate in adjustment component and/or outer barrel and/or adjusting cylinder are set, you can make the thickness of inner cylinder compared with
Small, specification is reduced.Therefore the production cost for reducing inner cylinder thereby reduces the production cost of shear box.That is, pass through
Exchange outer barrel, adjusting cylinder and/or the inner cylinder of different shape and size change the shape for the accommodating chamber for placing rock mass to be tested and
The inner cylinder for placing rock mass to be tested is rotated different angles, so as to meet different scale and rock mass knot of different shapes by size
Structure interview sample shears anisotropic test request so that shear box can appoint the structural plane edge of different shape, different scale
Shear direction of anticipating carries out direct shear test.
So far, have been combined preferred embodiment shown in the drawings and describe technical scheme, still, this field
Technical staff is it is easily understood that protection scope of the present invention is expressly not limited to these specific embodiments.Without departing from this
On the premise of the principle of invention, those skilled in the art can make correlation technique feature equivalent change or replacement, these
Technical solution after changing or replacing it is fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind shears anisotropic shear box for testing rock mass discontinuity, which is characterized in that the shear box includes phase
To the upper shear box of setting and down cut box, the upper shear box and the down cut box include outer box, inner cylinder and setting
It is formed and put between the inner cylinder of adjustment component between the outer box and the inner cylinder, the upper shear box and the down cut box
The accommodating chamber of rock mass to be tested is put, wherein, outer box, inner cylinder and adjustment component in the upper shear box are fixedly connected, institute
State in down cut box that at least inner cylinder can be rotated relative to outer box.
2. shear box according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the adjustment component includes outer barrel, the outer barrel and institute
The position for stating outer box is relatively fixed, and the inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer barrel.
3. shear box according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the adjustment component includes at least a pair of of adjustment plate, institute
It states adjustment plate to be fixedly connected with the outer box and form cavity, is arranged to be placed in the cavity on the outside of the outer barrel
In.
4. shear box according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is described adjustment component further include be arranged at the outer barrel with
At least one adjusting cylinder between the inner cylinder, at least described inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer barrel.
5. shear box according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder can be relatively described
Outer barrel rotates, and can be rotated relative to one another between the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder.
6. shear box according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the outside of the cross section of the outer barrel is described to be square
The inside of the cross section of outer barrel is circle, and the outside and inside of the cross section of the adjusting cylinder are circle, the horizontal stroke of the inner cylinder
The outside in section is circle, and the inside of the cross section of the inner cylinder is adapted with rock mass to be tested.
7. shear box according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder can be relatively described outer
Cylinder rotates, and the position between the inner cylinder and the adjusting cylinder is relatively fixed.
8. shear box according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the inner cylinder can be rotated relative to the adjusting cylinder, and
The position of the adjusting cylinder and the outer barrel is relatively fixed.
9. shear box according to any one of claims 4 to 8, which is characterized in that the inner cylinder and/or the adjusting cylinder
On be provided with rotational structure, the rotational structure is arranged to by making the inner cylinder and/or described with the cooperation of rotation instrument
Adjusting cylinder is rotated relative to the outer barrel.
10. shear box according to claim 9, which is characterized in that at least described outer barrel and the adjusting cylinder and/or described
The angle of rotation that can determine the inner cylinder and/or the opposite outer barrel of the adjusting cylinder is provided between adjusting cylinder and the inner cylinder
The graduation mark of degree.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711304143.1A CN108072574B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | Shear box for testing shear anisotropy of rock mass structural surface |
| GB2010621.7A GB2584799B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2018-11-28 | Shear box for testing shear anisotropy of rock mass discontinuities |
| PCT/CN2018/117962 WO2019114550A1 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2018-11-28 | Shear box for testing shear anisotropy of structural surface of rock body |
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| CN201711304143.1A CN108072574B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | Shear box for testing shear anisotropy of rock mass structural surface |
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