CN108067207A - 甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108067207A
CN108067207A CN201610993612.4A CN201610993612A CN108067207A CN 108067207 A CN108067207 A CN 108067207A CN 201610993612 A CN201610993612 A CN 201610993612A CN 108067207 A CN108067207 A CN 108067207A
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王卫宪
陈梦
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Henan Haina New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种甲醛吸附剂，其包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶10‑20、铝酸钙6‑10、三聚氰胺树脂6‑10、纳米碳溶胶5‑10、硅藻土5‑10、火山岩30‑40、明胶2‑5、龙舌兰渣粉10‑15、石英砂5‑8。本发明还提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法。所述甲醛吸附剂对甲醛吸附速度快，吸附效果好，绿色环保，对各种污染物具有良好的吸附效果，尤其对甲醛的吸附效果高，重复利用效果好，制备方法简单，可操作性强，成本低，有利于推广应用。

Description

甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于吸附剂，具体涉及一种甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法及其制备方法。
背景技术
甲醛是有毒物质，半数致死量（大鼠，经口）800mg/kg，其蒸汽能强烈刺激粘膜、具有致癌性、属于高毒物。它能与空气中的离子性氯化物反应生成致癌物质――二氯甲醛醚。甲醛不但能与蛋白质中的氨基结合，使蛋白质变性从而造成对人体的伤害，实际上甲醛对人体的伤害是多方面的，高浓度甲醛对神经系统、免疫系统、肝脏等也有毒害。甲醛对人体的伤害也可以通过多种途径：甲醛可经呼吸道吸收，吸入高浓度甲醛后，会出现呼吸道的严重刺激和水肿、眼刺痛、头痛，也可发生支气管哮喘。皮肤直接接触高浓度甲醛，可引起皮炎、色斑、坏死。其水溶液“福尔马林”可经消化道吸收。
经常吸入少量甲醛，能引起慢性中毒，可以引起慢性呼吸道疾病，黏膜充血、皮肤刺激症、过敏性皮炎角化和脆弱、甲床指端疼痛等症状，甚至引起鼻咽癌。对于女性来说，经常吸入少量甲醛，可能出现女性月经紊乱，孕妇长期吸入可能导致妊娠综合症，引起新生儿体质降低、染色体异常，新生婴儿畸形，甚至死亡。男子长期吸入可导致男子精子畸形、死亡，性功能下降，严重的可导致白血病，气胸，生殖能力缺失，全身症状有头痛、乏力、胃纳差、心悸、失眠、体重减轻以及植物神经紊乱等。长期接触甲醛的人，可以引起鼻腔、口腔、鼻咽、咽喉、皮肤和消化道的癌症。
甲醛一直被认为是室内污染中排名第一的一类可疑致癌物，通常来源于装饰、装修材料、家具和涂料等，尤以涂料、人造板材为甚，人造板材包括饰面人造板、胶合板、刨花板、纤维板、复合地板等，他们在生产过程中使用含有甲醛的酚醛、脲醛树脂和胶黏剂，胶黏剂大多含有醛类树脂，所以为了确保人们拥有良好的居住环境，降低室内甲醛的含量是一项重中之重的头等大事。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明确有必要提供一种甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法，以解决上述问题。
本发明提供一种甲醛吸附剂，其包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶10-20、铝酸钙6-10、三聚氰胺树脂6-10、纳米碳溶胶5-10、硅藻土5-10、火山岩30-40、明胶2-5、龙舌兰渣粉10-15、石英砂5-8。其中，所述纳米碳溶胶中的固溶物是质量百分含量为10%-15%。
基于上述，所述甲醛吸附剂包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶13-17、铝酸钙7-9、三聚氰胺树脂8-9、纳米碳溶胶7-8、硅藻土7-8、火山岩33-36、明胶3-4、龙舌兰渣粉12-13、石英砂6-7。
本发明还提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
将火山岩在浓硫酸中浸泡12小时后用去离子水洗涤至中性烘干后研磨成细粉，然后与石英砂、三聚氰胺树脂和明胶混合均匀，在马弗炉中于240℃-255℃下煅烧0.5-1小时，冷却后取出，得到火山岩混合物；
将所述火山岩混合物与纳米钛溶胶、硅藻土、铝酸钙、纳米碳溶胶和龙舌兰渣粉均匀混合在一起，得到原料混合物；
采用10吨-20吨的压力将所述原料混合物压制成原料小球，并在550℃-600℃下煅烧所述原料小球2-4小时，制得多孔复合微球即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用明胶、石英砂和三聚氰胺树脂加到火山岩中在煅烧时形成了骨架使火山岩之间附着力增强，制成吸附剂时不易散落掉粉，耐磨性增强，延长了使用寿命；本发明还采用纳米碳溶胶和硅藻土配合纳米钛溶胶，增强了二氧化钛溶胶的强度、杀菌性、吸附量和耐热性等方面的性能，并且本发明将吸附剂制成微球，增强了吸附容量和吸附速度，对细小的夹杂物具有良好的吸附效果，扩大了吸附范围，添加的龙舌兰渣粉搭配使用效果好，对甲醛吸附速度快，吸附效果好，绿色环保，本发明制备的吸附剂对各种污染物具有良好的吸附效果，尤其对甲醛的吸附效果高，重复利用效果好，制备方法简单，可操作性强，成本低，有利于推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种甲醛吸附剂，其包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶10、铝酸钙6、三聚氰胺树脂6、纳米碳溶胶5、硅藻土5、火山岩30、明胶2、龙舌兰渣粉10、石英砂5。
本实施例还提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
将火山岩在浓硫酸中浸泡12小时后用去离子水洗涤至中性烘干后研磨成细粉，然后与石英砂、三聚氰胺树脂和明胶混合均匀，在马弗炉中于250℃下煅烧0.5-1小时，冷却后取出，得到火山岩混合物；
将所述火山岩混合物与纳米钛溶胶、硅藻土、铝酸钙、纳米碳溶胶和龙舌兰渣粉均匀混合在一起，得到原料混合物；
采用15吨的压力将所述原料混合物压制成原料小球；在580℃下煅烧所述原料小球3小时，制得多孔复合微球即可。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种甲醛吸附剂包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶13、铝酸钙7、三聚氰胺树脂8、纳米碳溶胶7、硅藻土7、火山岩33、明胶3、龙舌兰渣粉12、石英砂6。
本实施例提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，该制备方法与实施例1提供的制备方法基本相同，不同之处主要在于原料的配比不同；得到火山岩混合物的煅烧温度为240℃；所述原料小球的煅烧温度为550℃。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种甲醛吸附剂包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶17、铝酸钙9、三聚氰胺树脂9、纳米碳溶胶8、硅藻土8、火山岩36、明胶4、龙舌兰渣粉13、石英砂7。
本实施例提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，该制备方法与实施例1提供的制备方法基本相同，不同之处主要在于原料的配比不同；得到火山岩混合物的煅烧温度为245℃；所述原料小球的煅烧温度为565℃。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种甲醛吸附剂，其包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶20、铝酸钙10、三聚氰胺树脂10、纳米碳溶胶10、硅藻土10、火山岩40、明胶5、龙舌兰渣粉15、石英砂8。
本实施例提供一种上述甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，该制备方法与实施例1提供的制备方法基本相同，不同之处主要在于原料的配比不同；得到火山岩混合物的煅烧温度为255℃；所述原料小球的煅烧温度为600℃。
性能测试
分别取0.5g上述实施例1-4提供的吸附剂和质量浓度为100mg/l的亚甲基蓝溶液500ml反应，测试指标如下：
样品 首次使用去除率 吸附量（mg/g） 使用6次的去除率 磨耗率 苯吸附率
实施例1 95.3% 72.8 69.8% 1.4% 75%
实施例2 96.8% 74.2 71.9% 1.2% 78%
实施例3 97.2% 76.9 73.2% 1.1% 79%
实施例4 96.1% 77.2 71.1% 0.9% 76%
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (3)

1.一种甲醛吸附剂，其特征在于，它包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶10-20、铝酸钙6-10、三聚氰胺树脂6-10、纳米碳溶胶5-10、硅藻土5-10、火山岩30-40、明胶2-5、龙舌兰渣粉10-15、石英砂5-8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甲醛吸附剂，其特征在于，它包括以下重量份的原料：纳米钛溶胶13-17、铝酸钙7-9、三聚氰胺树脂8-9、纳米碳溶胶7-8、硅藻土7-8、火山岩33-36、明胶3-4、龙舌兰渣粉12-13、石英砂6-7。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的甲醛吸附剂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
将火山岩在浓硫酸中浸泡12小时后用去离子水洗涤至中性烘干后研磨成细粉，然后与石英砂、三聚氰胺树脂和明胶混合均匀，在马弗炉中于240℃-255℃下煅烧0.5-1小时，冷却后取出，得到火山岩混合物；
将所述火山岩混合物与纳米钛溶胶、硅藻土、铝酸钙、纳米碳溶胶和龙舌兰渣粉均匀混合在一起，得到原料混合物；
采用10吨-20吨的压力将所述原料混合物压制成原料小球，并在550℃-600℃下煅烧所述原料小球2-4小时，制得多孔复合微球即可。
CN201610993612.4A 2016-11-11 2016-11-11 甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法 Withdrawn CN108067207A (zh)

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