CN108058447A - 一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构及其制备方法,高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构包括上面板、下面板及位于中间层的蜂窝夹芯,所述蜂窝夹芯为正四边形高熵合金蜂窝结构,由横向壁板和纵向壁板嵌套组合而成;所述上面板、下面板及蜂窝夹芯均由Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金金属材料制成。所述Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金的密度为2.67g/cm3,硬度为5.5‑6.5Gpa,屈服强度为1.93‑2.05Gpa,比强度为0.68‑0.8Gpa g‑1cm3。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于航空航天、船舰和高铁技术领域,具体涉及一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构及其制备方法。
背景技术
金属蜂窝和泡沫夹层板因其轻质、高强、减振、降噪、保温和隔热等多功能结构一体化的特点,被广泛用于航空航天飞行器、火箭发射器、船舰和高铁等的壁板结构中。现有的技术,使用的多孔材料夹层板结构的金属材料,多是传统的轻质合金,如铝合金和钛合金等。随着科学技术和经济的快速发展以及国防战备的需要,航空航天飞行器、火箭发射器、船舰和高铁等的速度越来越快,在运行的过程中,外在的声振激励越来越激烈复杂,遭受的高温气动热应力越来越严重,同时,安装的智能设备越来越多,传统的铝合金和钛合金蜂窝夹层板和泡沫夹层板结构,在质量、硬度和强度等方面,已越来越不能满足航空航天、船舰和高铁等领域对高性能壁板结构的需求。
因此,为了克服传统金属蜂窝和泡沫夹层板结构存在的缺点,制备超轻超硬超强的多孔材料夹层板结构,已成为航空航天、船舰和高铁等领域的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服传统金属蜂窝和泡沫夹层板结构密度太大、硬度和比强度都比较低的缺点,从功能材料出发,为航空航天、船舰和高铁等领域,提供一种超轻超硬超强高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构,包括上面板、下面板及位于中间层的蜂窝夹芯,所述蜂窝夹芯为正四边形高熵合金蜂窝结构,由横向壁板和纵向壁板嵌套组合而成;所述上面板、下面板及蜂窝夹芯均由Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金金属材料制成。所述Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金的密度为2.67g/cm3,硬度为5.5-6.5Gpa,屈服强度为1.93-2.05Gpa,比强度为0.68-0.8Gpa g-1cm3。
一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构;设蜂窝夹芯的闭合四边形单元数为m×n,其中纵向方向数目为m,横向方向数目为n,壁长为l0,壁厚为t0,则纵向面板长度为L=(m+2)l0,横向面板长度为W=(n+2)l0,蜂窝夹芯结构的具体制作步骤如下:
a.准备长为L,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金纵向面板n+1块,准备长为W,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30横向面板m+1块;
b.沿纵向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d2,宽度为t0的方槽m+1个,以此方法,得到n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板;
c.沿横向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d2,宽度为t0的方槽n+1个,以此方法,得到m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板;
e.将n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板和m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板,在方槽处,上下嵌套在连接,得到长为L,宽为W,厚度为d,闭合四边形单元数为m×n的高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构;
(2)准备长为L,宽为W,厚度为t的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金上、下面板各一块;
(3)将金属快干胶均匀搅拌后,单面均匀涂在上面板和下面板,与步骤(1)中所得的蜂窝夹芯边界对齐粘贴,完成制备。
与现有技术相比,本发明的技术方案所带来的有益效果是:
本发明四边形蜂窝夹芯结构和上下面板,使用的金属材料是功能材料纳米晶体Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金。Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金的密度超低,仅为2.67g/cm3,但是它的硬度却达到5.9Gpa,屈服强度约达1.97Gpa。其中,比强度达0.74Gpa g-1cm3,可以与陶瓷材料如SiC相媲美,是传统轻质铝合金和钛合金的几倍,甚至是十几倍。所以,相对于传统的夹层板结构,本发明的高熵合金四边形蜂窝夹层板结构属于超轻超硬超强蜂窝夹层板结构。
附图说明
图1是本发明整体结构示意图。
图2是蜂窝夹芯结构和上、下面板结构的分离结构示意图。
图3是组成高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯的横向壁板和纵向壁板结构示意图。
附图标记:1-蜂窝夹芯;2-上面板;3-下面板;4-纵向壁板;5-横向壁板
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对发明的结构、原理和制备方法,进行进一步的说明。
图1是本发明提出的超轻超硬超强的高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构的整体结构示意图,它包括纳米晶体Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯1和上面板2和下面板3。图中的高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构和上、下面板结构,仅为示例,具体的结构尺寸、正四边形单元数(参见图2)或者纵、横向壁板数(参见图3),可以根据实际工程需要适当选取。
记正四边形蜂窝夹芯的厚度为d,正四边形蜂窝细胞的壁长和壁厚分别为l0和t0,上下面板的厚度为t。蜂窝夹层板的长度为L,宽度为W,高度为H,则H=d+2t。
理论分析表明,正四边形蜂窝夹芯的相对密度ρ/ρs=2t0/l0(ρs为构成材料纳米晶体Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金的密度)。而高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹层板的质量和总体结构承载性能,可以通过调整蜂窝夹芯厚度d、壁长l0和壁厚t0(相对密度ρ/ρs)以及上下面板的厚度t来实现。实验已经证明,纳米晶体Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金作为一种功能材料,拥有超低密度(低达2.67g/cm3)、超硬强度(高达5.9Gpa)和超高比强度(高达0.74Gpa g- 1cm3),这些综合性能,远远优于传统轻质铝合金和钛合金。因此,纳米晶体Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹层板结构,相对于传统相同结构尺寸的铝合金和钛合金正四边形蜂窝夹层板结构,拥有超轻、超硬和超强的综合性能。
本发明的制备方法主要包括以下几个步骤:
(1)制作高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构。它由高熵合金横向壁板5和纵向壁板4嵌套组合而成(见图3)。设蜂窝夹芯的闭合四边形单元数(壁长为l0,壁厚为t0)为m×n,其中纵向方向数目为m,横向方向数目为n,则纵向面板长度为L=(m+2)l0,横向面板长度为W=(n+2)l0。则高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构的具体制作步骤如下:
a.准备长为L,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金纵向面板n+1块。准备长为W,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30横向面板m+1块。
b.沿纵向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d2,宽度为t0的方槽m+1个。以此方法,得到n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板。
c.沿横向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d2,宽度为t0的方槽n+1个。以此方法,得到m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板。
e.将n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板和m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板,在方槽处,上下嵌套在一起(见图3),便得所需的长为L,宽为W,厚度为d,闭合四边形单元数(壁长为l0,壁厚为t0)为m×n的高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构。
(2)准备长为L,宽为W,厚度为t的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金上下面板各一块。
(3)将JL-499耐高温金属快干胶均匀搅拌后,单面均匀涂在Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金面板上,之后,作为上下面板,与步骤(1)中所得的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯,边界对齐,粘贴在一起,即得所需的高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹层板结构。
本发明并不限于上文描述的实施方式。以上对具体实施方式的描述旨在描述和说明本发明的技术方案,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的。在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下还可做出很多形式的具体变换,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构,其特征在于,包括上面板、下面板及位于中间层的蜂窝夹芯,所述蜂窝夹芯为正四边形高熵合金蜂窝结构,由横向壁板和纵向壁板嵌套组合而成;所述上面板、下面板及蜂窝夹芯均由Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金金属材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构,其特征在于,所述Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金的密度为2.67g/cm3,硬度为5.5-6.5Gpa,屈服强度为1.93-2.05Gpa,比强度为0.68-0.8Gpa g-1cm3。
3.一种高熵合金蜂窝夹层板结构的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构;设蜂窝夹芯的闭合四边形单元数为m×n,其中纵向方向数目为m,横向方向数目为n,壁长为l0,壁厚为t0,则纵向面板长度为L=(m+2)l0,横向面板长度为W=(n+2)l0,蜂窝夹芯结构的具体制作步骤如下:
a.准备长为L,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金纵向面板n+1块,准备长为W,高为d,厚度为t0的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30横向面板m+1块;
b.沿纵向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d/2,宽度为t0的方槽m+1个,以此方法,得到n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板;
c.沿横向面板长度方向,从左到右,以l0为间隔,切割长度为d/2,宽度为t0的方槽n+1个,以此方法,得到m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板;
e.将n+1块带方槽的高熵合金纵向面板和m+1块带方槽的高熵合金横向面板,在方槽处,上下嵌套在连接,得到长为L,宽为W,厚度为d,闭合四边形单元数为m×n的高熵合金正四边形蜂窝夹芯结构;
(2)准备长为L,宽为W,厚度为t的Al20Li20Mg10Sc20Ti30高熵合金上、下面板各一块;
(3)将金属快干胶均匀搅拌后,单面均匀涂在上面板和下面板,与步骤(1)中所得的蜂窝夹芯边界对齐粘贴,完成制备。
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CN110205537A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-09-06 | 武汉理工大学 | 铝镁锂钛组成的高熵合金粉末及其制备方法 |
CN113275750A (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-20 | 华中科技大学 | 一种仿生高熵合金箔片、一种碳化硼颗粒增强铝基复合材料的焊接方法 |
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