CN108055140B - Cross-device communication method, device, storage medium and computer equipment thereof in networking - Google Patents

Cross-device communication method, device, storage medium and computer equipment thereof in networking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108055140B
CN108055140B CN201711268217.0A CN201711268217A CN108055140B CN 108055140 B CN108055140 B CN 108055140B CN 201711268217 A CN201711268217 A CN 201711268217A CN 108055140 B CN108055140 B CN 108055140B
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equipment
networking
server
configuration file
multicast
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CN108055140A (en
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禹然
黄维
张涛磊
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Shenzhen Tendzone Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Tendzone Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50Address allocation
    • H04L61/5069Address allocation for group communication, multicast communication or broadcast communication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/2866Architectures; Arrangements
    • H04L67/30Profiles

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a method, a device, a storage medium and computer equipment for communication among equipment in a networking, wherein the method comprises the following steps: reading the configuration file, self-checking whether the device is a server device in the networking or not, sending the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking when the device is a non-server device, respectively receiving the multicast communication data packet sent by other devices, if the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of other devices, the device is the server device, establishing communication with other devices, and updating the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.

Description

Cross-device communication method, device, storage medium and computer equipment thereof in networking
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computer communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a storage medium, and a computer device for cross-device communication in a networking.
Background
With the wide application of digital multimedia, the requirements for the construction of large-scale matrix networks in large-scale public places such as airport broadcasting systems, large-scale multifunctional and theme parks are increasing.
The external interface and the CPU (Central Processing Unit) performance of a single processor cannot meet the application requirements of numerous data channels, algorithms and control interfaces, the data Processing matrix requirements in these situations have the characteristics of multi-channel data input and output, high data quality requirements, frequent data update, coexistence of numerous scenes, complex control interfaces, centralized convenient control and the like, and at this time, a large-scale data matrix system needs to be constructed by a plurality of processor matrices, so cross-device communication between the multiple processors becomes very important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a method, an apparatus, a storage medium, and a computer device for cross-device communication in a network with good communication effect.
A method of cross-device communication in a network, comprising the steps of:
reading a configuration file, and self-checking whether the configuration file is a server device in networking;
when the device is a non-server device, sending a multicast communication data packet to other devices in the network, wherein the multicast communication data packet carries an IP address of the device;
respectively receiving multicast communication data packets sent by other equipment;
if the IP address of the user is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, communication with other equipment is established, the configuration file is updated, and the updated configuration file carries the server equipment identifier.
A networked midspan device communication apparatus comprising:
the self-checking module is used for reading the configuration file and self-checking whether the configuration file is the server equipment in the networking;
the multicast sending module is used for sending a multicast communication data packet to other equipment in the network when the equipment is non-server equipment, and the multicast communication data packet carries an IP address of the multicast communication data packet;
the multicast receiving module is used for respectively receiving multicast communication data packets sent by other equipment;
and the updating module is used for establishing communication with other equipment and updating the configuration file when the IP address of the updating module is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, wherein the updated configuration file carries the identifier of the server equipment.
The method and the device for cross-device communication in networking read the configuration file, self-check whether the device is the server device in networking, send the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking when the device is the non-server device, respectively receive the multicast communication data packet sent by other devices, if the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of other devices, the device is the server device, establish communication with other devices, and update the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.
In addition, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method as described above.
In addition, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method are implemented.
When the cross-device communication method in the network is executed, the computer readable storage medium and the computer device read the configuration file, self-check whether the device is the server device in the networking, send the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking when the device is the non-server device, respectively receive the multicast communication data packet sent by the other devices, if the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of the other devices, the device is the server device, establish communication with the other devices, and update the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a cross-device communication method in the networking of the present application;
figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for cross device communication in a networking of the present application;
figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a cross equipment communication device in the networking of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a cross-device communication apparatus in the networking of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the explanation of the technical solution of the cross-device communication method in networking according to the present invention, the following will first take audio processor networking as an example to introduce some relevant contents.
A complete multi-processor cross-device communication system is composed of a plurality of audio processor devices (generally up to 64 devices) in the same local area network, a plurality of systems can exist in one local area network, whether the systems exist in the same system or not is determined by the system name of the device, and after the devices form the system, unified management of the devices can be achieved, such as calling preset and triggering events.
In practical applications, in order to achieve the purpose of forming a system by a device ad hoc network, it is necessary for one device in the system to take a role as a server to manage and schedule other devices. In one embodiment of the cross-device communication method in networking of the application, the server can be generated by adopting two modes of device self-election and manual designation. The server is responsible for managing other non-server devices, and the server is only an application program and does not depend on hardware. In one system, all devices communicate directly with the server, and there is no direct communication between the devices. The devices adopt multicast communication to race for the server and notify the server on line, a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) link is established between the server and each device to carry out communication, a strategy that the devices are actively connected with the server is adopted, a device list is required to be maintained in the server, and the list contains information of all the devices. A device may change state during operation, such as from a server to a client and from a client to a server. When no server exists in the system, equipment in the system elects one piece of equipment as the server through multicast communication, the arbitration basis is the IP address of the equipment, and an IP larger person preferentially becomes the server; when one of the servers is appointed, other devices are all used as clients, and server election is not performed any more; when the server is disconnected or fails, the client side is overtime and re-selects the server; once the device state machine sends the change, the corresponding configuration file will be updated at the same time, and the state at the next device power-on depends on the state in the configuration file.
As shown in fig. 1, a method of cross-device communication in a network, comprising the steps of:
s200: and reading the configuration file, and self-checking whether the configuration file is the server equipment in the networking.
The configuration files are used for configuring each device in the networking, each device is provided with a corresponding configuration file, and the device reads the configuration files after being electrified. The networking comprises a plurality of devices, when the devices are not configured, communication is not established between the devices, and the devices belong to a peer-to-peer relationship, namely, no certain device is used as a server to manage other devices, and each device reads a configuration file of the device and detects whether the device is configured as a server device. Specifically, the configuration file in the device may be preset and stored in the device; the device can be directly led in from the outside and read after receiving; it is also possible that the user manually modifies the generation of data stored in the device in advance. When the read configuration file carries a server identifier, the device reading the configuration file is used as a server device in the networking of this time, for example, A, B, C, D total 4 devices exist in the current networking, 4 devices respectively read a, b, c and d configuration files corresponding to the 4 devices, and the 4 devices respectively self-check whether the 4 devices are the server devices in the networking.
S400: and when the device is a non-server device, sending the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the network, wherein the multicast communication data packet carries the IP address of the device.
Multicast communication refers to the implementation of a point-to-multipoint network connection between a sender and each recipient. And when the equipment self-checking result is that the equipment is non-server equipment, sending a data packet to other equipment in the network in a multicast communication mode, wherein the data packet carries the IP address of the equipment. Taking the device a as an example, when the self-test of the device a is a non-server device, the device a sends a multicast communication packet a to B, C, D devices in the networking, where the multicast communication packet a carries the IP address of the device a itself.
S600: and respectively receiving the multicast communication data packets sent by other devices.
The devices which are self-checked as non-server devices in the networking execute step S400 to transmit multicast communication packets to other devices, and also receive multicast communication packets transmitted by other devices, respectively. Continuing taking the device a as an example, the device a receives a multicast communication data packet 1 from the device B, a multicast communication data packet 2 from the device C, and multicast communication data 3 from the device D, where the multicast communication data packet 1 carries an IP address of the device B, the multicast communication data packet 3 carries an IP address of the device C, and the multicast communication data packet 3 carries an IP address of the device D.
S800: if the IP address of the user is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, communication with other equipment is established, the configuration file is updated, and the updated configuration file carries the server equipment identifier.
After receiving multicast communication data packets sent by other devices, the device compares the IP address carried in the multicast communication data packet sent by the other devices with the IP address of the device, when the IP address of the device is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, the device modifies the device into server equipment to establish communication with the other devices, and writes a server equipment identifier into a configuration file to update the configuration file. Specifically, after receiving the multicast communication data packet 1 from the device B, the multicast communication data packet 2 from the device C, and the multicast communication data 3 from the device D, the device a compares its own IP with the IP address of the device B carried in the multicast communication data packet 1, the IP address of the device C carried in the multicast communication data packet 3, and the IP address of the device D carried in the multicast communication data packet 3, and when the comparison result is that the IP address of the device a is the maximum, the device a establishes communication with other devices (B, C, D devices), the device a switches to the server device, updates its own configuration file, and the updated configuration file carries the identifier of the server device. Briefly, the above process may be understood as a process of arbitrating server devices in a networking based on the size of an IP address, each device in the networking is processed in the same manner, and when a certain device finds that its own IP address is the largest by comparison, it switches itself to be the server device, establishes communication with other devices, and realizes coordination management of other devices, and communicates with an external upper computer.
The cross-device communication method in the networking of the application reads the configuration file, self-checks whether the device is the server device in the networking, sends the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking when the device is the non-server device, respectively receives the multicast communication data packet sent by other devices, if the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of other devices, the device is the server device, establishes communication with other devices, and updates the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, after S200, the method further includes:
s320: when the server equipment is used, a data acquisition request sent by an external upper computer is received;
s340: and pushing the collected data of other equipment to an external upper computer.
When the equipment self-checking identification is server equipment, the equipment self-checking identification communicates with an external upper computer, receives a data acquisition request sent by the external upper computer, sends a data feedback message to other equipment, the other equipment feeds back self data to the server equipment, the server equipment completes data acquisition of the other equipment and pushes the acquired other equipment data to the external upper computer, and management of the server equipment on other equipment (non-server equipment) in a networking is achieved.
In one embodiment, the method of networked cross-device communication further comprises:
and when the server equipment exists in the networking, rejecting to respond to the multicast data packet sent by other equipment.
When the server equipment exists in the networking, the server equipment does not need to be determined based on multicast communication and an IP address size arbitration mode, and the server equipment responds to multicast data packets sent by other equipment. Specifically, when receiving an access message sent by a server device, a device may recognize that the server device exists in the current network, and at this time, reject to respond to a multicast data packet sent by another device, where the reject to respond may specifically be reject to receive, or directly discard after receiving the multicast data packet.
In one embodiment, when there is a server device in the networking, the step of rejecting the multicast packet sent by the other device includes:
and when receiving an access message sent by the server equipment in the networking, establishing communication connection with the server equipment and stopping sending the multicast communication data packet.
When receiving the access message sent by the server equipment in the networking, the current networking indicates that the server equipment exists, the current equipment establishes communication connection with the server equipment in the current networking, and stops sending the multicast communication data packet, so that the situation that the communication network is blocked by meaningless data and networking communication resources are occupied is avoided.
In one embodiment, the method of networked cross-device communication further comprises:
and if the connection with the server equipment in the networking is overtime, returning to the step of sending the multicast communication data packet to other equipment in the networking.
When the connection between the equipment and the server equipment in the networking is overtime, the server in the current networking is indicated to have a fault, the arbitration process of the server in the networking needs to be restarted, namely, the step of sending the multicast communication data packet to other equipment in the networking is returned, and the server is reselected, so that the normal operation of the equipment in the whole networking is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, step S200 includes:
s220: reading a configuration file;
s240: and judging whether the configuration file carries the server equipment identifier or not.
If the configuration file carries the server equipment identifier, the equipment is switched into the server equipment after reading the configuration file; and if the configuration file does not carry the server equipment identifier, the equipment confirms that the equipment is non-server equipment after reading the configuration file, and enters the next step of processing.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, step S200 further includes:
s100: and receiving the configuration file uploaded by the user.
The device may receive a configuration file uploaded by a user, where the configuration file may be generated after the user manually modifies an initial configuration file, for example, the user manually modifies the configuration file of the device a, and writes a server device identifier in the configuration file of the device a, so that the device a is used as a server device in networking after receiving and reading the configuration file, that is, a process of manually setting the server device in networking is implemented.
As shown in fig. 3, a networked midspan device communication apparatus, comprising:
the self-checking module 200 is used for reading the configuration file and self-checking whether the configuration file is the server equipment in the networking;
a multicast sending module 400, configured to send a multicast communication data packet to other devices in the network when the device is a non-server device, where the multicast communication data packet carries an IP address of the device;
a multicast receiving module 600, configured to receive multicast communication data packets sent by other devices respectively;
an updating module 800, configured to establish communication with other devices and update a configuration file when the IP address of the updating module is greater than an IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, where the updated configuration file carries the identifier of the server device.
In the cross-device communication device in the networking of the application, the self-checking module 200 reads the configuration file, self-checks whether the device is a server device in the networking, when the device is a non-server device, the multicast sending module 400 sends the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking, the multicast receiving module 600 receives the multicast communication data packet sent by other devices respectively, and when the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of other devices, the updating module 800 establishes communication with other devices and updates the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the networked midspan device communication apparatus further comprises:
the receiving module 320 is used for receiving a data acquisition request sent by an external upper computer when the server device is used;
and the pushing module 340 is used for pushing the acquired other equipment data to an external upper computer.
In one embodiment, the networked midspan device communication apparatus further comprises:
and the response rejection module is used for rejecting to respond the multicast data packet sent by other equipment when the server equipment exists in the networking.
In one embodiment, the rejection response module is further configured to establish a communication connection with the server device and stop sending the multicast communication data packet when receiving an access message sent by the server device in the networking.
In one embodiment, the networked midspan device communication apparatus further comprises:
and a returning module, configured to control the multicast sending module 400, the multicast receiving module 600, and the updating module 800 to execute corresponding operations when connection with a server device in networking is over time.
In one embodiment, the self-test module 200 is specifically configured to read a configuration file; and judging whether the configuration file carries the server equipment identifier or not.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the networked midspan device communication apparatus further comprises:
the upload receiving module 100 is configured to receive a configuration file uploaded by a user.
In order to further explain the technical solution of the cross-device communication method and apparatus in networking of the present invention in detail, the following will take A, B, C, D as an example, where 4 devices read their corresponding a, B, C, D configuration files, respectively, and take device a as a first perspective to develop a description, it should be understood that device B, device C, and device D all use similar steps to perform.
1. The device a reads the configuration file a, which may be a generated configuration file manually modified by a user or an initial file preset in the device a.
2. The method comprises the steps that A equipment judges whether a configuration file a carries a server equipment identifier, when the server equipment identifier exists, the server equipment in a current networking is the A equipment, the A equipment is switched to be the server equipment, communication connection with B equipment, C equipment and D equipment is established, and the B equipment, the C equipment and the D equipment are managed; and when the server equipment identification is not carried, the A equipment judges that the A equipment is non-server equipment.
3. After the whole networking is powered on, the device A judges whether an access message sent by the current server device in the networking is received, if not, the current networking has no server device and needs to select the server device automatically, the device A sends a data packet to the device B, the device C and the device D in a multicast communication mode, and the IP address of the device A is carried in the multicast communication data packet.
4. The method comprises the steps that A equipment receives corresponding multicast communication data packets respectively sent by B equipment, C equipment and D equipment, the IP address of the A equipment is compared with the IP address of the received multicast communication data packets, if the IP address of the A equipment is larger than the IP addresses of other equipment, the A equipment is determined to be server equipment, the A equipment is switched to be the server equipment and is connected with the B equipment, the C equipment and the D equipment, when the IP address of the A equipment is smaller than the IP addresses of the other equipment, the A equipment is determined to be non-server equipment, the A equipment waits for the server equipment elected in a receiving networking to send access information, and the A equipment stops sending the multicast communication data packets.
5. And when the communication with the current server equipment is overtime, retransmitting the multicast data packet, returning to the step that the equipment A transmits the data packet to the equipment B, the equipment C and the equipment D in the step 3 in a multicast communication mode, and arbitrating the server equipment in the networking again based on the IP address size.
In addition, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method as described above.
In addition, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method are implemented.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the method for implementing cross-device communication in a network according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program instructing associated hardware, and the program may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes of the various embodiments of the method for adapting a medical imaging device as described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
When the cross-device communication method in the network is executed, the computer readable storage medium and the computer device read the configuration file, self-check whether the device is the server device in the networking, send the multicast communication data packet to other devices in the networking when the device is the non-server device, respectively receive the multicast communication data packet sent by the other devices, if the IP address of the device is larger than the IP addresses of the other devices, the device is the server device, establish communication with the other devices, and update the configuration file. In the whole process, the IP addresses of all devices in the networking are compared in a multicast communication mode, the device with the largest IP address is selected to be changed into the server device based on the size of the IP addresses, the server device is communicated with all the devices, and good cross-device communication in the networking is achieved.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method of cross-device communication in a network, comprising the steps of:
reading a configuration file, and self-checking whether the configuration file is a server device in the networking, wherein the configuration file is used for configuring each device in the networking, and each device is provided with a corresponding configuration file;
when the device is a non-server device, sending a multicast communication data packet to other devices in the network, wherein the multicast communication data packet carries an IP address of the device;
respectively receiving multicast communication data packets sent by other equipment, and comparing IP addresses carried in the multicast communication data packets sent by other equipment with own IP addresses;
and if the own IP address is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, establishing communication with other equipment, updating the configuration file, wherein the updated configuration file carries the identifier of the server equipment.
2. A method in networking midspan device communication according to claim 1, wherein said step of reading configuration files, self-checking if it is a server device in networking further comprises:
when the server equipment is used, receiving a data acquisition request sent by an external upper computer;
and pushing the collected data of other equipment to the external upper computer.
3. A method of networked midspan device communication according to claim 1, further comprising:
and when the server equipment exists in the networking, refusing to respond to the multicast data packet sent by the other equipment.
4. A method of cross-device communication in a networking according to claim 3 wherein said step of rejecting responses to multicast packets sent by said other devices when server devices are present in the networking comprises:
and when receiving an access message sent by the server equipment in the networking, establishing communication connection with the server equipment and stopping sending the multicast communication data packet.
5. A method of networked midspan device communication according to claim 1, further comprising:
and if the connection with the server equipment in the networking is overtime, returning to the step of sending the multicast communication data packet to other equipment in the networking.
6. A method of cross-device communication in a network in accordance with claim 1, wherein said step of reading configuration files, self-checking if it is a server device comprises:
reading a configuration file;
and judging whether the configuration file carries a server equipment identifier or not.
7. A method in networking midspan device communication according to claim 1, wherein the step of reading configuration files, self-checking whether it is a server device in networking further comprises:
and receiving the configuration file uploaded by the user.
8. A networked midspan device communication apparatus, comprising:
the self-checking module is used for reading a configuration file and self-checking whether the configuration file is the server equipment in the networking, wherein the configuration file is used for configuring each equipment in the networking, and each equipment has a corresponding configuration file;
the multicast sending module is used for sending a multicast communication data packet to other equipment in the network when the equipment is non-server equipment, wherein the multicast communication data packet carries an IP address of the multicast communication data packet;
the multicast receiving module is used for respectively receiving the multicast communication data packets sent by the other equipment and comparing the IP addresses carried in the multicast communication data packets sent by the other equipment with the IP addresses of the other equipment;
and the updating module is used for establishing communication with other equipment and updating the configuration file when the IP address of the updating module is larger than the IP address carried in any one of the received multicast data packets, wherein the updated configuration file carries the identifier of the server equipment.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-7 when executing the program.
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