CN108054523B - Frequency scanning phased array antenna - Google Patents
Frequency scanning phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108054523B CN108054523B CN201711047528.4A CN201711047528A CN108054523B CN 108054523 B CN108054523 B CN 108054523B CN 201711047528 A CN201711047528 A CN 201711047528A CN 108054523 B CN108054523 B CN 108054523B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas, and particularly relates to a frequency scanning phased array antenna, which comprises a slow wave line component, a radiation component and two wing plates; the slow wave line component is fixedly connected with the radiation component, a cavity of the slow wave line component is communicated with one end opening of a guide hole of the radiation component, two wing plates are fixed on the radiation component, and the two wing plates are respectively positioned on two sides of the other end opening of the guide hole of the radiation component; and one end part of the cavity of the slow wave line component is provided with a waveguide converter. The antenna provided by the invention weakens the mutual coupling effect between radiated signals, has the advantages of small transmission signal loss, high antenna transmitting power, long detection range and good working stability, and meets the performance requirements of daily work and the use requirements of outdoor environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas, and particularly relates to a frequency scanning phased array antenna.
Background
The antenna system functions to radiate the signal from the radar excitation source into free space with as little loss as possible, or to send the spatial echo signal back to the radar receiver with as little loss as possible.
Phased array antennas mainly have an active phased array antenna system and a frequency scanning phased array antenna system. The slow wave line of a frequency scanning antenna is directly related to the loss and radiation efficiency of the antenna.
At present, microstrip slow wave lines are commonly used, but have the defects of high transmission signal loss and influence on the antenna transmitting power, and the mutual coupling between the signals radiated by the existing waveguide slow wave line antennas is serious, so that the antenna gain is reduced, and the performance requirements of daily work and the use requirements of outdoor environments cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the frequency scanning phased array antenna, which weakens the mutual coupling effect between radiated signals, has the advantages of small transmission signal loss, high antenna transmitting power, long detection range and good working stability, and meets the performance requirements of daily work and the use requirements of outdoor environments.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a frequency scanning phased array antenna comprises a slow wave line component, a radiation component and two wing plates; the slow wave line component is fixedly connected with the radiation component, a cavity of the slow wave line component is communicated with one end opening of a guide hole of the radiation component, two wing plates are fixed on the radiation component, and the two wing plates are respectively positioned on two sides of the other end opening of the guide hole of the radiation component; and one end part of the cavity of the slow wave line component is provided with a waveguide converter.
Preferably, the slow wave line component comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, and the upper plate and the lower plate are fixedly connected; the bottom surface of the upper plate and the corresponding position of the top surface of the lower plate are respectively provided with a snake-shaped groove, and the cavity of the slow wave line component is a snake-shaped inner cavity formed by buckling the bottom surface groove of the upper plate and the top surface groove of the lower plate; the waveguide converter is arranged at one end part of the cavity and is fixedly connected with the upper plate and the lower plate respectively; the bottom surface of the radiation component is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate, and the two wing plates are fixed on the top surface of the radiation component.
Further preferably, a plurality of protruding blocks are arranged in the top surface groove of the lower plate along the length direction of the lower plate, and the height of each protruding block is smaller than the depth of the top surface groove of the lower plate; the upper plate is provided with a plurality of through holes at positions corresponding to the convex blocks, and the through holes are communicated with the cavity of the slow wave line component; the radiation component is provided with a guide hole at a position corresponding to the through hole, and the lower opening of the guide hole is communicated with the through hole; the two wing plates are respectively fixed at two sides of the upper opening of the guide hole.
Still more preferably, a plurality of the bumps, the through holes and the guide holes are all arranged in a straight line; the upper openings of all the guide holes are provided with guide pipes protruding out of the top surface of the radiation assembly, and the tube cavities of the guide pipes are communicated with the upper openings of the guide holes; the length directions of the two wing plates are parallel to the straight line formed by the centers of the guide holes, and the two wing plates are open along the direction from the lower outlet of the guide hole to the upper outlet of the guide hole; the two wing plates are symmetrically distributed along a straight line formed by the centers of the guide holes, and extend upwards from one side close to the perforating part to one side far from the perforating part in an inclined way.
Still further preferably, a load is provided at the other end of the cavity of the slow wave line assembly, and the load is fixedly connected with the upper plate and the lower plate respectively.
Still more preferably, the upper plate and the lower plate of the slow wave line component are fixed by vacuum aluminum brazing and welding; the radiation component is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate, the two wing plates are fixedly connected with the radiation component, the waveguide converter is respectively connected with the upper plate and the lower plate, and the load is respectively connected with the upper plate and the lower plate through screws.
Still more preferably, the top surface of the upper plate and the bottom surface of the lower plate are both provided with weight-reducing grooves.
Still more preferably, the upper plate, the lower plate, the radiating element and the two wing plates are all made of 3A21 aluminum alloy.
Still further preferably, the upper plate is provided with a plurality of fixing blocks at both sides along a length direction thereof.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The antenna comprises a slow wave line component, a radiation component and two wing plates, wherein the slow wave line component comprises an upper plate and a lower plate which are fixedly connected; the bottom surface of upper plate and the corresponding position of the top surface of hypoplastron all are equipped with the recess of snake shape, and the bottom surface of upper plate is connected with the top surface lock of hypoplastron, slow wave line subassembly's cavity is the snakelike inner chamber that forms by the bottom surface recess lock of upper plate and the top surface recess lock of hypoplastron. The antenna adopts a waveguide slow wave line, has the advantages of small transmission signal loss, high antenna transmitting power, long detection range and good working stability compared with a microstrip slow wave line, and can meet the increasingly-enhanced performance requirements and the use requirements of outdoor environments.
2) In the antenna, a plurality of the convex blocks, the through holes and the guide holes are all arranged in a straight line; the upper openings of all the guide holes are provided with guide pipes protruding out of the top surface of the radiation component, and the tube cavities of the guide pipes are communicated with the upper openings of the guide holes. The upper outlets of all the guide holes are provided with guide pipes protruding out of the top surface of the radiation assembly, so that parallel transmission channels of signals are prolonged, signals radiated by the guide holes and the guide pipes are approximately parallel, mutual interference is reduced, mutual coupling of transmission signals at the upper outlet in the working process of the antenna is weakened, and antenna gain is improved.
3) In the antenna, the slow wave line component is divided into an upper plate and a lower plate which are buckled with each other, wherein the corresponding positions of the bottom surface of the upper plate and the top surface of the lower plate are respectively provided with a snake-shaped groove, and the cavity of the slow wave line component is a snake-shaped inner cavity formed by buckling the bottom surface groove of the upper plate and the top surface groove of the lower plate; the bottom surface of radiation subassembly with the top surface of upper plate all is equipped with the boss, and it is fixed to inlay the spacing through between the boss between radiation subassembly and the upper plate. The structure of the slow wave line component avoids the defects of high processing difficulty and poor performance reliability of integral molding, and can be finished through common milling processing, so that the processing precision is easy to control.
4) In the antenna, the upper plate and the lower plate of the slow wave line component are fixed through vacuum aluminum brazing and welding; the radiation component is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate, the two wing plates are fixedly connected with the radiation component, the waveguide converter is respectively connected with the upper plate and the lower plate, and the load is respectively connected with the upper plate and the lower plate through screws. The stability of the slow wave line component is improved through vacuum aluminum brazing welding between the upper plate and the lower plate, the working stability of the antenna is correspondingly improved, meanwhile, other components are fixedly connected through screws, and the convenience and the maneuverability of assembling and disassembling the antenna are improved when the working stability of the antenna is not affected.
5) In the box body structure, strip-shaped grooves are formed in the top surface of the upper plate and the bottom surface of the lower plate, and the upper plate, the lower plate, the radiation component and the two wing plates are made of 3A21 aluminum alloy. The arrangement of the grooves and the selection of the aluminum materials effectively reduce the weight of the antenna, and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the antenna, so that the antenna can adapt to a complex outdoor environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective exploded view of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the upper plate of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of the lower plate of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a radiating element of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 6a is a simulation model of the present antenna when a guide tube is provided at the upper outlet of the guide hole.
Fig. 6b is a simulation model of the conventional antenna when the upper outlet of the guide hole is not provided with a guide tube.
Fig. 7a and 7b are respectively a simulation diagram of the azimuth plane pattern of each frequency point of the antenna and a partial enlarged diagram of the azimuth plane pattern in the simulation result.
Fig. 8a and 8b are respectively a simulation diagram of the azimuth plane directional diagram of each frequency point of the conventional antenna and a partial enlarged diagram of the azimuth plane directional diagram in the simulation result.
Reference numerals: 1-slow wave line component, 2-radiation component, 3-wing plate, 4-waveguide converter, 5-load, 11-upper plate, 12-lower plate, 21-guide hole, 211-conduit, 111-through hole, 112-fixed block, 121-bump.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a frequency scanning phased array antenna comprises a slow wave line component 1, a radiation component 2 and two wing plates 3; the slow wave line component 1 is fixedly connected with the radiation component 2, the cavity of the slow wave line component 1 is communicated with one end opening of a guide hole 21 of the radiation component 2, two wing plates 3 are fixed on the radiation component 2, and the two wing plates 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the opening of the other end of the guide hole of the radiation component 2; one end of the cavity of the slow wave line assembly 1 is provided with a waveguide converter 4.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the slow wave line assembly 1 includes an upper plate 11 and a lower plate 12, and the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 are fixedly connected; the bottom surface of the upper plate 11 and the corresponding position of the top surface of the lower plate 12 are respectively provided with a snake-shaped groove, and the cavity of the slow wave line assembly 1 is a snake-shaped inner cavity formed by buckling the bottom surface groove of the upper plate 11 and the top surface groove of the lower plate 12; the waveguide converter 4 is arranged at one end part of the cavity, and the waveguide converter 4 is fixedly connected with the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 respectively; the bottom surface of the radiation component 2 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate 11, and the two wing plates 3 are fixed on the top surface of the radiation component 2.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of protruding blocks 121 are arranged in the top surface groove of the lower plate 12 along the length direction of the lower plate 12, and the height of the protruding blocks 121 is smaller than the depth of the top surface groove of the lower plate 12; the upper plate 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 111 at positions corresponding to the convex blocks 121, and the through holes 111 are communicated with the cavity of the slow wave line assembly 1; the radiation component 2 is provided with a guide hole 21 at a position corresponding to the through hole 111, and the lower opening of the guide hole 21 is communicated with the through hole 111; two of the wing plates 3 are respectively fixed to both sides of the upper opening of the guide hole 21.
The plurality of bumps 121, the through holes 111, and the guide holes 21 are all arranged in a straight line; the upper openings of all the guide holes 21 are provided with guide pipes 211 protruding out of the top surface of the radiation assembly 2, and the tube cavities of the guide pipes 211 are communicated with the upper openings of the guide holes 21; the length direction of the two wing plates 3 is parallel to the straight line formed by the centers of the guide holes 21, and the two wing plates 3 are open along the direction from the lower outlet of the guide hole 21 to the upper outlet of the guide hole 21; the two wing plates 3 are symmetrically distributed along a straight line formed by the centers of the plurality of guide holes 21, and the wing plates 3 extend obliquely upwards from the side close to the perforated part to the side far from the perforated part.
The other end part of the cavity of the slow wave line assembly 1 is provided with a load 5, and the load 5 is fixedly connected with an upper plate 11 and a lower plate 12 respectively.
The upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 of the slow wave line assembly 1 are fixed through vacuum aluminum brazing and welding; the radiation component 2 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate 11, the two wing plates 3 are fixedly connected with the radiation component 2, the waveguide converter 4 is respectively connected with the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12, and the load 5 is respectively connected with the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 through bolts.
The top surface of the upper plate 11 and the bottom surface of the lower plate 12 are both provided with weight reducing grooves.
The upper plate 11, the lower plate 12, the radiation component 2 and the two wing plates 3 are all made of 3A21 aluminum alloy.
The upper plate 11 is provided with a plurality of fixing blocks 112 on both sides along the length direction thereof.
According to the above-mentioned antenna structure, the guide hole 21 and the guide tube 211 of the radiation element 2 constitute the radiation port of the antenna, the bump 121 corresponds to the coupling boss of the slow wave line element, and the through hole 111 corresponds to the coupling port of the slow wave line element.
The antenna in the present invention is exemplified below with reference to the embodiments.
Example 1:
the antenna of the invention can realize the receiving and transmitting processes in the working process.
When the antenna receives signals, the signals received from the radiation port are coupled at the coupling port and the coupling boss, then the signals are transmitted along the slow wave line, the main wave signals are transmitted to the waveguide converter 4, the clutter signals are transmitted to the load, the main wave signals are converted into electric signals at the waveguide converter 4 and are transmitted to the receiving assembly through the radio frequency connector, and the clutter signals are absorbed at the load 5;
when the antenna transmits signals, the electric signals sent by the transmitting component are transmitted to the radio frequency connector and then transmitted to the waveguide converter 4, the electric signals are converted into transmitting wave signals, the transmitting wave signals are transmitted along slow wave lines, the coupling is carried out at the position of each coupling port and the coupling boss, then the transmitting wave signals are transmitted to the space through the radiation ports, and the redundant transmitting wave signals are transmitted to the load 5 and absorbed.
In the gain calculation of an antenna, the conversion formula of the input power and the output power of the antenna is:
wherein G is the antenna gain, P 2 For output power, P 1 Is the input power. From the formula, it can be seen that the antenna gain is best for the antenna to achieve a small input and a large output, and from the formula, the larger the gain is, the better the purpose can be achieved. Therefore, the level of the transmission loss of the antenna is mainly reflected in the antenna gain in terms of the antenna performance.
The antenna gain of the antenna of the present invention is compared with that of a conventional antenna by simulation as follows.
As shown in fig. 6a, fig. 6a is a simulation model of the present antenna when a conduit is provided at the upper outlet of the guide hole. Fig. 7a and 7b are respectively a simulation diagram of the azimuth plane pattern of each frequency point of the antenna and a partial enlarged diagram of the azimuth plane pattern in the simulation result.
As shown in fig. 6b, fig. 6b is a simulation model of a conventional antenna in which the upper outlet of the guide hole is not provided with a guide tube. Fig. 8a and 8b are respectively a simulation diagram of the azimuth plane directional diagram of each frequency point of the conventional antenna and a partial enlarged diagram of the azimuth plane directional diagram in the simulation result.
As can be seen from fig. 7a and 7b, the gain at the 15.74GHz frequency point m2 is 25.95dBi, and the gain at the 19.98GHz frequency point m1 is 26.36dBi. As can be seen from fig. 8a and 8b, the gain at the 15.74GHz frequency point m2 is 23.3dBi, and the gain at the 19.98GHz frequency point m1 is 24.53dBi. As can be seen from the above, when the upper outlet of the guide hole of the antenna is provided with the guide pipe, the gain is increased by 2.65dBi at the frequency point of 15.74GHz and the gain is increased by 1.83dBi at the frequency point of 19.98 GHz. Therefore, when the guide pipe is arranged at the upper outlet of the guide hole of the antenna, the mutual coupling effect between radiated signals is weakened, the gain at the frequency point is enhanced, and the working performance of the antenna is improved.
In summary, the antenna provided by the invention weakens the mutual coupling effect between radiated signals, has the advantages of small transmission signal loss, high antenna transmitting power, long detection range and good working stability, and meets the performance requirements of daily work and the use requirements of outdoor environments.
Claims (6)
1. A frequency scanning phased array antenna, characterized by: comprises a slow wave line component (1), a radiation component (2) and two wing plates (3); the slow wave line component (1) is fixedly connected with the radiation component (2), a cavity of the slow wave line component (1) is communicated with one end opening of a guide hole (21) of the radiation component (2), two wing plates (3) are fixed on the radiation component (2), and the two wing plates (3) are respectively positioned at two sides of the opening at the other end of the guide hole of the radiation component (2); a waveguide converter (4) is arranged at one end part of the cavity of the slow wave line assembly (1);
the slow wave line component (1) comprises an upper plate (11) and a lower plate (12), and the upper plate (11) is fixedly connected with the lower plate (12); grooves in a snake shape are formed in the corresponding positions of the bottom surface of the upper plate (11) and the top surface of the lower plate (12), and the cavity of the slow wave line assembly (1) is a snake-shaped inner cavity formed by buckling the groove on the bottom surface of the upper plate (11) and the groove on the top surface of the lower plate (12); the waveguide converter (4) is arranged at one end part of the cavity, and the waveguide converter (4) is fixedly connected with the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12) respectively; the bottom surface of the radiation component (2) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the upper plate (11), and the two wing plates (3) are fixed on the top surface of the radiation component (2);
a plurality of protruding blocks (121) are arranged in the top surface groove of the lower plate (12) along the length direction of the lower plate (12), and the height of each protruding block (121) is smaller than the depth of the top surface groove of the lower plate (12); the upper plate (11) is provided with a plurality of through holes (111) at positions corresponding to the convex blocks (121), and the through holes (111) are communicated with the cavity of the slow wave line assembly (1); the radiation component (2) is provided with a guide hole (21) at a position corresponding to the through hole (111), and the lower opening of the guide hole (21) is communicated with the through hole (111); the two wing plates (3) are respectively fixed at two sides of the upper opening of the guide hole (21);
the plurality of the convex blocks (121), the through holes (111) and the guide holes (21) are all arranged in a straight line; the upper openings of all the guide holes (21) are provided with guide pipes (211) protruding out of the top surface of the radiation assembly (2), and the tube cavities of the guide pipes (211) are communicated with the upper openings of the guide holes (21); the length directions of the two wing plates (3) are parallel to a straight line formed by the centers of the guide holes (21), and the two wing plates (3) are open along the direction from the lower outlet of the guide hole (21) to the upper outlet of the guide hole (21); the two wing plates (3) are symmetrically distributed along a straight line formed by the centers of the guide holes (21), and the wing plates (3) extend upwards in an inclined way from one side close to the perforating part to one side far from the perforating part.
2. A frequency scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the other end part of the cavity of the slow wave line component (1) is provided with a load (5), and the load (5) is fixedly connected with the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12) respectively.
3. A frequency scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12) of the slow wave line component (1) are fixed through vacuum aluminum brazing and welding; the radiation component (2) and the top surface of the upper plate (11), the two wing plates (3) and the radiation component (2), the waveguide converter (4) and the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12) and the load (5) and the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12) are fixedly connected through screws.
4. A frequency scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the top surface of the upper plate (11) and the bottom surface of the lower plate (12) are both provided with weight reducing grooves.
5. A frequency scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the upper plate (11), the lower plate (12), the radiation component (2) and the two wing plates (3) are all made of 3A21 aluminum alloy.
6. A frequency scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the upper plate (11) is provided with a plurality of fixing blocks (112) on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof.
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| CN201711047528.4A CN108054523B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Frequency scanning phased array antenna |
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| CN201711047528.4A CN108054523B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Frequency scanning phased array antenna |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110504547B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-02-02 | 西安中电科西电科大雷达技术协同创新研究院有限公司 | Series-fed waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna with large scanning angle in limited bandwidth |
| CN111799548B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-12-06 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Frequency scanning antenna |
| CN113437484B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-06-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Frequency scanning antenna based on dispersion medium, control method and application |
| US11506773B1 (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-11-22 | Numerica Corporation | Compact, high-efficiency radar assembly |
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| US3576460A (en) * | 1968-08-08 | 1971-04-27 | Varian Associates | Impedance match for periodic microwave circuits and tubes using same |
| JP2002359516A (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-13 | Kyocera Corp | Primary radiator and phase shifter, and beam scanning antenna |
| CN101242019A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-08-13 | 东南大学 | Periodical slow wave structure for 2-D electromagnetic belt gap plane crossing wave guide |
| WO2011073802A2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | American University In Cairo | Circuitry-isolated mems antennas: devices and enabling technology |
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