CN108052017A - A kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods - Google Patents
A kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
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Abstract
A kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods, comprise the following steps：S1 with magnetomotive force principle of equivalence, builds the Physical Experiment model of current transformer；S2 measures the initial magnetization curve and its basic physical parameters of current transformer by transformer test instrument；S3 by Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm and initial magnetization curve, obtains reflecting the characteristic parameter of initial magnetization in Lucas modelsK 1 、K 2 、K 3 、n 2 、n 3 ；S4 by the offline integration method of voltage, measures the hysteresis loop of current transformer；S5 by Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm and hysteresis loop, obtains the coefficient of reflection vortex and magnetic hystersis loss in Lucas modelsG ed 、G 1 、G 2 WithG 3 ；S6, it is comprehensiveK 1 、K 2 、K 3 、n 2 、n 3 、G ed 、G 1 、G 2 WithG 3 Build current transformer Lucas simulation models.It is capable of the transient characterisitics of accurate simulation actual current mutual inductor according to the simulation model that builds of the present invention, to provide an accurate, suitable model basic for the theory and simulation analysis of current transformer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Relay Protection Technology in Power System fields, are imitated more particularly, to a kind of current transformer Lucas
True mode construction method.
Background technology
With the development of the correlation techniques such as the propulsion of power construction, novel electric power electric, it is straight that China's power grid gradually forms friendship
Flow series-parallel connection bulk power grid.To ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid, it is configured with the current transformer that large number of, structure differs and comes in fact
When measure the magnitude of current of power grid, for the real-time running state that monitors power grid or power system relay protection device is given to provide number
According to.Therefore, can the Transfer characteristic of current transformer for understand operation of power networks state and protective relaying device energy exactly
No regular event is most important.
At present, power grid is equipped with a variety of nonlinear ferroelectric magnetic cells, such as transformer, novel electric power electric device etc..In electricity
In the transient process of net, they will generate complicated transient state reciprocation with current transformer, and current transformer transient state is caused to be satisfied
With so as to cause protective relaying maloperation.In recent years, power grid has had occurred CT saturation in a lot of transient processes and has caused
The accident of the differential protection malfunctions such as generator, transformer, transmission line of electricity seriously affects the reliability of power grid power supply, jeopardizes society
Development and personal safety.
It studies in different transient processes, the saturated characteristic changing rule of current transformer and its influence to protection, most
Main means are to take transient emulation, wherein crucial be to build the emulation mould consistent with actual current instrument transformer transient characteristic
Type.At present, the J-A models based on ferromagnetic material and the Lucas models based on nonlinear equivalent circuit are widely recognized as, and are used in combination
In power system transient simulation software.For the parameter identification of current transformer J-A models, have using magnetic induction density B to be excellent
Change target gravitation search discrimination method (see thunder sun, the such as Duan Jiandong, Zhang little Qing current transformer J-A identification of Model Parameters and big
Through-flow dynamic simulation test [J] Proceedings of the CSEEs, 2016, (S1):240-245.), equally, have based on artificial fish-swarm and the frog
The transformer J-A model parameter identification methods for jumping hybrid algorithm (see Geng Chao, Wang Fenghua, Su Lei, wait to be based on artificial fish-swarm and the frog
Jump transformer Jiles-Atherton identification of Model Parameters [J] Proceedings of the CSEEs of hybrid algorithm, 2015,35 (18):
4799-4807.)。
The Lucas models established based on " non-linear equivalent circuit " viewpoint, can analog current mutual inductor exactly
Nonlinear ferroelectric magnetic characteristic, and can directly the equivalent magnetizing current of output current transformer, magnetic hystersis loss electric current and vortex damage
Power consumption stream can reflect the electricity of current transformer field excitation branch line in model, this to study mutual inductor saturation history and
It protects anti-saturation counte-rplan to be each provided with facility, has its unique advantage compared to J-A models.But current shortage pair
The discussion of current transformer Lucas model modelings.How for different types of current transformer, foundation meets its actual transient state
The simulation model of characteristic is that there is an urgent need for the problem of research.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes above-mentioned shortage for the technological deficiency of current transformer Lucas model modelings, one kind is provided
New current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods, have filled up the existing skill for current transformer Lucas model modelings
Art blank.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods, comprise the following steps：
S1：With magnetomotive force principle of equivalence, the Physical Experiment model of current transformer is built；
S2：The Physical Experiment model of current transformer is measured by current transformer tester, it is mutual to obtain electric current
The initial magnetization curve of sensor and corresponding basic physical parameters；
S3：By the initial magnetization curve of the current transformer in mathematical algorithm and S2, current transformer Lucas moulds are obtained
5 parameter K in type1、K2、K3、n2、n3；
S4：By using the offline integration method of voltage on the Physical Experiment model of current transformer, current transformer is obtained
Actual measurement hysteresis loop；
S5：By the actual measurement hysteresis loop of the current transformer in mathematical algorithm and S4, current transformer Lucas moulds are obtained
4 other parameters in type, including eddy current loss factor Ged, hysteresis loss coefficient G1、G2And G3；
S6：Comprehensive K1、K2、K3、n2、n3、Ged、G1、G2And G3Build current transformer Lucas simulation models.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the S2 is as follows：
S2.1：The parameter of current transformer is obtained by current transformer tester, the basic physical parameters include
Resistance, secondary resistance, core section product, the length of magnetic path, knee voltage, keen current, remanence coefficient and no-load voltage ratio；
S2.2：U~I curves of current transformer are obtained by current transformer tester；
S2.3：It is B~H initial magnetization curves by U~I Curve transforms of current transformer.
In a kind of preferred scheme, U~I curve negotiatings the following formula is converted to B~H initial magnetizations in the S2.3
Curve：
In formula, N1For the current transformer primary side number of turn, S is current transformer core sectional area, and l is the length of magnetic circuit.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the S3 further includes the first evaluation sub-process, the described first evaluation sub-process
Including following content：
The H values that the first calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_i, the H values note in B~H curves of the S2.3
For Htest_i, evaluation function is introduced, the evaluation function is expressed by the following formula：
In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s1) >=θ1, then the numerical value of parameter is abandoned, re-execute S3 first calculates son
Flow；If f (s1) ＜ θ1, then the numerical value of parameter is preserved, performs S4, the θ1For predetermined threshold value.It, can be in this preferred embodiment
By artificially adjusting θ1The error range of control parameter.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the offline integration method of the voltage is that the secondary side of current transformer is opened a way, and
Secondary side is insulated, voltage is applied to the primary side of current transformer, by oscilloscope measurement exciting current and voltage, with reference to
Formula described in S2.3 integrates voltage offline, obtains magnetic flux~current characteristic curve of current transformer, then by magnetic
Logical and electric current is converted into magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity, obtains the actual measurement hysteresis loop of current transformer.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the S5 includes second and calculates sub-process, and described second calculates sub-process bag
Include following content：
ie=Ged·U
ki=Ki·N2/l
In formula, core current icIt is decomposed into im、ieAnd ih, imFor magnetizing current, ieFor eddy loss currents, ihIt is damaged for magnetic hysteresis
Power consumption stream；i1And i2Respectively primary and secondary electric current；N2For the secondary side number of turn；kiFor calculating parameter；
KCL, KVL equation of 4 above-mentioned formula of simultaneous and secondary loop of mutual inductor and combine U in S2
~I curves and B~H initial magnetization curves obtain B~H and calculate hysteresis loop；
By surveying hysteresis loop, the current transformer Lucas coincideing with surveying hysteresis loop is obtained with mathematical algorithm
The rest parameter of model, the rest parameter include eddy current loss factor Ged, hysteresis loss coefficient G1、G2And G3。
In a kind of preferred scheme, the S5 further includes the second evaluation sub-process, the described second evaluation sub-process
Including following content：
The H values that the second calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_j, the H values calculated in hysteresis loop of the S4
It is denoted as Htest_j, evaluation function is introduced, the evaluation function is expressed by the following formula：
In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s2) >=θ2, then the numerical value of parameter is abandoned, re-execute S5 second calculates son
Flow；If f (s2) ＜ θ2, the numerical value of parameter is preserved, then performs S6, the θ2For predetermined threshold value.It, can be in this preferred embodiment
By artificially adjusting θ2The error range of control parameter.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the mathematical method is Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm or neural network algorithm.
In a kind of preferred scheme, the S1's includes herein below：
Assuming that the rated current of current transformer primary side is Ipn, the actual primary side number of turn of current transformer is N1
Circle, and the maximum current that current transformer can be added to is Ipn_test, then the number of turn of the Physical Experiment model of current transformer
N1_testIt is expressed by the following formula：
By N1_testAnd Ipn_testThe Physical Experiment model and parameter of the current transformer of composition are IpnAnd N1Current Mutual Inductance
Utensil has identical Transfer characteristic.In this preferred embodiment, since the current value of the current transformer of reality is very big, using kilo-ampere to be single
Position.Therefore, a constant current value of drive characteristic can be converted to pacify the object in units of being using magnetomotive force principle of equivalence
Model is managed, be conducive to the development of work and ensures the security of the lives and property.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of technical solution of the present invention is：
The present invention can effectively recognize the parameter of current transformer Lucas simulation models, which can not only be accurate
The transient characterisitics of simulation actual current mutual inductor, while it is used directly for the power system transient simulations such as PSCAD, RSCAD
Software is relay protection thing so as to provide an accurate, suitable model basis for the theory of current transformer and simulation analysis
Therefore analysis provide guidance and help.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present embodiment flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the present embodiment initial magnetization curve and actual measurement magnetization curve comparison diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the present embodiment calculates hysteresis loop and actual measurement hysteresis loop comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing is only for illustration, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent；
To those skilled in the art, it is to be appreciated that some known features and its explanation, which may be omitted, in attached drawing
's.
Technical scheme is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods, comprise the following steps：
S1：With magnetomotive force principle of equivalence, the Physical Experiment model of current transformer is built.
Assuming that the rated current of current transformer primary side is Ipn, the actual primary side number of turn of current transformer is N1
Circle, and the maximum current that current transformer can be added to is Ipn_test, then the number of turn of the Physical Experiment model of current transformer
N1_testIt is expressed by the following formula：
By N1_testAnd Ipn_testThe Physical Experiment model and parameter of the current transformer of composition are IpnAnd N1Current Mutual Inductance
Utensil has identical Transfer characteristic.
S2：The initial magnetization curve of current transformer is obtained by current transformer tester and corresponding basic physics is joined
Number.
S2 is as follows：
S2.1：The parameter of current transformer is obtained by current transformer tester, basic physical parameters include once electric
Resistance, secondary resistance, core section product, the length of magnetic path, knee voltage, keen current, remanence coefficient and no-load voltage ratio；
S2.2：U~I curves of current transformer are obtained by current transformer tester；
S2.3：U~I curve negotiating the following formula of current transformer is converted into B~H initial magnetization curves：
In formula, N1For the current transformer primary side number of turn, S is current transformer core sectional area, and l is the length of magnetic circuit.
S3：By Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm and initial magnetization curve, the K in current transformer Lucas models is obtained1、
K2、K3、n2、n3。
S3 includes first and calculates sub-process and the first evaluation sub-process；
First, which calculates sub-process, includes following content：
K in S31、K2、K3、n2、n3The following formula is solved by mathematical algorithm：
In formula, B and H derive from initial magnetization curve；
First evaluation sub-process includes following content：
The H values that first calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_i, the H values in B~H curves of S2.3 are denoted as Htest_i, introduce
Evaluation function, evaluation function are expressed by the following formula：
In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s1) >=5%, abandons the numerical value of parameter, and re-execute S3 first calculates son
Flow；If f (s1) ＜ 5%, the numerical value of parameter is preserved, performs S4.
S4：By the offline integration method of voltage, the actual measurement hysteresis loop of current transformer is obtained.
The secondary side of current transformer is opened a way, and secondary side is insulated, voltage is applied to the primary side of current transformer,
By oscilloscope measurement exciting current and voltage, voltage is integrated offline with reference to formula in S2.3, obtains current transformer
Magnetic flux~current characteristic curve, then magnetic flux and electric current are converted into magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity, obtain current transformer
Survey hysteresis loop.
S5：By Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm and actual measurement hysteresis loop, the G in current transformer Lucas models is obtaineded、
G1、G2And G3。
S5 includes second and calculates sub-process and the second evaluation sub-process；
Second, which calculates sub-process, includes following content：
ie=Ged·U
ki=Ki·N2/l
In formula, core current icIt is decomposed into im、ieAnd ih, imFor magnetizing current, ieFor eddy loss currents, ihIt is damaged for magnetic hysteresis
Power consumption stream；i1And i2Respectively primary and secondary electric current；N2For the secondary side number of turn；kiFor calculating parameter；
KCL, KVL equation of 4 above-mentioned formula of simultaneous and secondary loop of mutual inductor and combine U in S2
~I curves and B~H initial magnetization curves obtain B~H and calculate hysteresis loop；
By surveying hysteresis loop, the current transformer Lucas coincideing with surveying hysteresis loop is obtained with mathematical algorithm
The rest parameter of model, rest parameter include eddy current loss factor Ged, hysteresis loss coefficient G1、G2And G3。
Second evaluation sub-process includes following content：
The H values that second calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_j, the H values in the calculating hysteresis loop of S4 are denoted as Htest_j, draw
Enter evaluation function, evaluation function is expressed by the following formula：
In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s2) >=5%, abandons the numerical value of parameter, and re-execute S5 second calculates son
Flow；F if (s2) ＜ 5%, preserves the numerical value of parameter, then performs S6.
S6：Comprehensive K1、K2、K3、n2、n3、Ged、G1、G2And G3Build current transformer Lucas simulation models.
This implementation is chosen the practical P grade mutual inductors of industry and is tested, and measures its basic parameter, initial magnetization curve and
Survey hysteresis loop, obtained current transformer Lucas simulation parameters are as shown in table 1, obtained initial magnetization curve with
The magnetization curve comparison diagram of actual measurement is as shown in Figure 2.Obtained parameter is inputted to the Lucas models of current transformer in PSCAD
In, in simulation model, apply the primary current identical with actual current mutual inductor to current transformer, obtain the meter of its emulation
Hysteresis loop is calculated, hysteresis loop is calculated and actual measurement hysteresis loop comparison diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
According to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present embodiment good can pick out Lucas model parameters, the emulation mould constructed
Type is capable of the transient characterisitics of good reflection actual current mutual inductor.
The same or similar label correspond to the same or similar components；
The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustration, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent；
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of invention etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. a kind of current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
S1：With magnetomotive force principle of equivalence, the Physical Experiment model of current transformer is built；
S2：The Physical Experiment model of current transformer is measured by current transformer tester, obtains current transformer
Initial magnetization curve and corresponding basic physical parameters；
S3：By the initial magnetization curve of the current transformer in mathematical algorithm and S2, obtain in current transformer Lucas models
5 parameter K1、K2、K3、n2、n3；
S4：By using the offline integration method of voltage on the Physical Experiment model of current transformer, the reality of current transformer is obtained
Survey hysteresis loop；
S5：By the actual measurement hysteresis loop of the current transformer in mathematical algorithm and S4, obtain in current transformer Lucas models
In addition 4 parameters, including eddy current loss factor Ged, hysteresis loss coefficient G1、G2And G3；
S6：Comprehensive K1、K2、K3、n2、n3、Ged、G1、G2And G3Build current transformer Lucas simulation models.
2. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the S2
It is as follows：
S2.1：The parameter of current transformer is obtained by current transformer tester, the basic physical parameters are included once
Resistance, secondary resistance, core section product, the length of magnetic path, knee voltage, keen current, remanence coefficient and no-load voltage ratio；
S2.2：U~I curves of current transformer are obtained by current transformer tester；
S2.3：It is B~H initial magnetization curves by U~I Curve transforms of current transformer.
3. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
U~I curve negotiatings the following formula is converted to B~H initial magnetization curves in S2.3：
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In formula, N1For the current transformer primary side number of turn, S is current transformer core sectional area, and l is the length of magnetic circuit.
4. the current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to Claims 2 or 3, which is characterized in that described
S3 includes first and calculates sub-process, and described first, which calculates sub-process, includes following content：
K in S31、K2、K3、n2、n3The following formula is solved by mathematical algorithm：
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In formula, B and H derive from initial magnetization curve.
5. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the S3
The first evaluation sub-process is further included, the described first evaluation sub-process includes following content：
The H values that the first calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_i, the H values in B~H curves of the S2.3 are denoted as
Htest_i, evaluation function is introduced, the evaluation function is expressed by the following formula：
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In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s1) >=θ1, then the numerical value of parameter is abandoned, re-execute S3 first calculates sub-process；
If f (s1) ＜ θ1, then the numerical value of parameter is preserved, performs S4, the θ1For predetermined threshold value.
6. the current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 2,3 or 5, which is characterized in that described
The offline integration method of voltage be that the secondary side of current transformer is opened a way, and secondary side is insulated, to current transformer once
Side applies voltage, and by oscilloscope measurement exciting current and voltage, voltage is accumulated offline with reference to the formula described in S2.3
Point, magnetic flux~current characteristic curve of current transformer is obtained, then magnetic flux and electric current are converted into magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity,
Obtain the actual measurement hysteresis loop of current transformer.
7. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the S5
Sub-process is calculated including second, described second, which calculates sub-process, includes following content：
ie=Ged·U
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ki=Ki·N2/l
In formula, core current icIt is decomposed into im、ieAnd ih, imFor magnetizing current, ieFor eddy loss currents, ihFor magnetic hystersis loss electricity
Stream；i1And i2Respectively primary and secondary electric current；N2For the secondary side number of turn；kiFor calculating parameter；
KCL, KVL equation of 4 above-mentioned formula of simultaneous and secondary loop of mutual inductor and the U~I combined in S2 are bent
Line and B~H initial magnetization curves obtain B~H and calculate hysteresis loop；
By surveying hysteresis loop, the current transformer Lucas models coincideing with surveying hysteresis loop are obtained with mathematical algorithm
Rest parameter, the rest parameter include eddy current loss factor Ged, hysteresis loss coefficient G1、G2And G3。
8. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the S5
The second evaluation sub-process is further included, the described second evaluation sub-process includes following content：
The H values that the second calculating sub-process obtains are denoted as Hlucas_j, the H values in the calculating hysteresis loop of the S4 are denoted as
Htest_j, evaluation function is introduced, the evaluation function is expressed by the following formula：
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</mfrac>
</mrow>
In formula, n is sampling number, if f (s2) >=θ2, then the numerical value of parameter is abandoned, re-execute S5 second calculates sub-process；
If f (s2) ＜ θ2, the numerical value of parameter is preserved, then performs S6, the θ2For predetermined threshold value.
9. the current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 1,2,3,5,7 or 8, feature exist
In the mathematical method is Global Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm or neural network algorithm.
10. current transformer Lucas simulation model construction methods according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the S1
Include herein below：
Assuming that the rated current of current transformer primary side is Ipn, the actual primary side number of turn of current transformer is N1Circle, and
The maximum current that current transformer can be added to is Ipn_test, then the number of turn N of the Physical Experiment model of current transformer1_testIt is logical
The following formula is crossed to be expressed：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>I</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>I</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>_</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
By N1_testAnd Ipn_testThe Physical Experiment model and parameter of the current transformer of composition are IpnAnd N1Current transformer
There is identical Transfer characteristic.
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