CN108051854B - A kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method - Google Patents
A kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing methods, are related to technical field of geophysical exploration.This method comprises: being compared one by one with the side length of the cube grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of the corresponding scale of extraction by the ray path length between all adjacent two nodes by initial ray path；Between the side length of the cube grid of the rate pattern component of the correspondence scale of the extraction is less than adjacent two nodes when ray path length, using the intermediate point of the adjacent two nodes as new node；It is modified using pseudo- bending ray tracing method to the new node, using the line between two nodes in initial ray path and modified node as the ray path after optimization, using the ray path after the optimization as initial ray path.It improves pseudo- bending method technically, makes it is suitable in the arbitrary velocity distribution for including velocity jump, the advantages of to give full play to high-efficiency high-precision possessed by this method itself.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly relate to a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing side
Method.
Background technique
Ray tracing as a kind of quickly and effectively forward simulation technology, in field Data Acquisition Design, Wave field analysis with
Identification, static correction, tomography and migration imaging etc. have important application.Ray tracing is known media and observation
System, when seeking path that wave between focus and receiving point propagates, walking, amplitude the problems such as.
Traditional ray tracing technique can be divided into: Shooting method (or shooting method), bending method and wave-front reconstruction method etc..It is numerous to penetrate
Bending method has iteration speed fast in line method for tracing, and precision is also higher, but is unsuitable for continuous media, and pseudo- bending method ray chases after
Track considers velocity gradient, thus can be suitably used for but being not suitable for Jie there are velocity jump in the medium that continuous velocity changes
In matter.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method, to solve pseudo- bending in the prior art
Method ray tracing is not suitable for the problems in velocity jump medium.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method, comprising:
Scheduled first three-dimensional velocity structure is pressed cube mesh generation by step 1, carries out spatial discretization；
Step 2 determines in the first three-dimensional velocity structure after subdivision according to scheduled shot point coordinate and receiving point coordinate
Initial ray path；
Step 3, setting initial gauges factor k=1；
Step 4, according to formula (1), the three-dimensional of corresponding scale is extracted from the first three-dimensional velocity structure after the subdivision
Rate pattern component Vk；
Wherein, in formula (1), L is Gaussian filter length, (x0, y0,z0) it is Gaussian window central point, k is scale factor,
W (k) is Gaussian filter, VkFor the convolution results of Gaussian filter and three-dimensional velocity structure, V is three-dimensional velocity structure；
It is step 5, the ray path length between all adjacent two nodes in initial ray path is corresponding with extraction one by one
The side length of the cube grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of scale is compared；
Step 6, when the extraction correspondence scale rate pattern component cube grid side length be less than adjacent two
Between node when ray path length, using the intermediate point of the adjacent two nodes as new node；
Step 7 modifies to the new node using pseudo- bending ray tracing method, by two sections in initial ray path
Line between point and modified node is as the ray path after optimization, using the ray path after the optimization as initial
Ray path；
Step 8 enables scale factor k add 1, and three-dimensional velocity structure after scale factor k corresponding gridding and predetermined
The second three-dimensional velocity structure mismatch when, repeat step 4-7；
The final ray path of step 9, output, and calculate ray traveltime；Wherein, the final ray path is to work as ruler
Initial ray road when three-dimensional velocity structure after the corresponding gridding of degree factor k is matched with scheduled second three-dimensional velocity structure
Diameter.
Preferably, described modified using pseudo- bending ray tracing method to the new node is specifically included:
S1, two nodes for assuming initial ray path are Pk-1And Pk+1, Pk-1And Pk+1Line center at be inserted into it is new
Node is Pmid；
S2, by following iterative formula group to intermediate node PmidIt modifies, modified node is Pk, that is, after optimizing
Path node be Pk-1、PkAnd Pk+1；
Wherein, VmidFor midpoint PmidThe velocity amplitude at place,For point P after modificationkThe velocity gradient vector at place,For
Midpoint PmidThe velocity gradient vector at place, xk-1For node Pk-1Abscissa, xk+1For node Pk+1Abscissa, Γ be direction arrow
Amount, n are unit direction vector, and R is midpoint PmidPoint P after to modificationkDistance,C is point Pk-1With point Pk+1
Place's slowness is averaged, L=| xk+1-xmid|, L is node Pk+1With node PmidThe distance between, xmidFor node PmidAbscissa,
xkFor node pkAbscissa.
Preferably, the midpoint PmidThe velocity amplitude V at placemidIt (2) can be calculated according to the following formula；
Wherein, in formula (2) formula, Vmid(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidSpeed at (x, y, z), Vmid(i+l,j+m,k+n)
Indicate midpoint PmidVelocity amplitude at 8 grid nodes of surrounding；(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidCoordinate, (xi,yj,zk) it is net respectively
The x coordinate of lattice node, y-coordinate and z coordinate.
In the embodiment of the present invention, whether the sizing grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of the correspondence scale by judging extraction
Less than initial ray path；When the sizing grid of the rate pattern component of the correspondence scale of the extraction is less than initial ray path
When, new node will be inserted at the center in initial ray path；The new node is repaired using pseudo- bending ray tracing method
Change, it, will be described using the line between two nodes in initial ray path and modified node as the ray path after optimization
Ray path after optimization is extracted as initial ray path that is, passing through step by step, and the correspondence ruler of more every onestep extraction
After the sizing grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of degree and initial ray path, initial ray path is encrypted and is optimized,
Until path meets the termination condition of setting, so that pseudo- bending method technically improves, make that it is suitable for including speed
It spends in the arbitrary velocity distribution of mutation, the advantages of to give full play to high-efficiency high-precision possessed by this method itself.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method of one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is mesh generation schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is 3 iteration schematic diagrames of pseudo- bending method
Fig. 4 is the multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending method ray tracing process of complicated rate pattern.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Multiple dimensioned puppet bending ray tracing method belongs to the forward problem in geophysical exploration, that is, passes through given three-dimensional speed
The position of degree model and shot point, receiving point arrangement obtains the ray path of correct seimic wave propagation, and then obtains correctly
Earthquake record.To achieve the above object, the process of the multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method of one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 1, this method comprises:
Scheduled first three-dimensional velocity structure is pressed cube mesh generation by step 1, carries out spatial discretization.
Wherein, subdivision is carried out to the first three-dimensional velocity structure according to cube grid, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2 determines in the first three-dimensional velocity structure after subdivision according to scheduled shot point coordinate and receiving point coordinate
Initial ray path.
Step 3, setting initial gauges factor k=1.
Step 4, according to formula (1), the three-dimensional speed of corresponding scale is extracted from the first three-dimensional velocity structure after the subdivision
Spend model component Vk。
Wherein, in formula (1), L is Gaussian filter length, (x0, y0,z0) it is Gaussian window central point, k is scale factor,
W (k) is Gaussian filter, VkFor the convolution results of Gaussian filter and three-dimensional velocity structure, V is three-dimensional velocity structure.
It is step 5, the ray path length between all adjacent two nodes in initial ray path is corresponding with extraction one by one
The side length of the cube grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of scale is compared.
Step 6, when the extraction correspondence scale rate pattern component cube grid side length be less than two adjacent sections
Between point when ray path length, using the intermediate point of the adjacent two nodes as new node.
Step 7 modifies to the new node using pseudo- bending ray tracing method, by two nodes in initial ray path
Line between modified node is as the ray path after optimization, using the ray path after the optimization as initial ray
Path.
Wherein, the pseudo- bending ray tracing method of the use, which modifies to the new node, specifically includes:
S1, two nodes for assuming initial ray path are Pk-1And Pk+1, Pk-1And Pk+1Line center at be inserted into it is new
Node is Pmid。
S2, by following iterative formula group to intermediate node PmidIt modifies, modified node is Pk, that is, after optimizing
Path node be Pk-1、PkAnd Pk+1。
Wherein, VmidFor midpoint PmidThe velocity amplitude at place,For point P after modificationkThe velocity gradient vector at place,For
Midpoint PmidThe velocity gradient vector at place, xk-1For node Pk-1Abscissa, xk+1For node Pk+1Abscissa, Γ be direction arrow
Amount, n are unit direction vector, and R is midpoint PmidPoint P after to modificationkDistance,C is point Pk-1With point Pk+1
Place's slowness is averaged, L=| xk+1-xmid|, L is node Pk+1With node PmidThe distance between, xmidFor node PmidAbscissa,
xkFor node PkAbscissa.
In addition, the mode of insertion new node also referred to as encrypts ray node, as shown in Figure 3, it is assumed that initial ray path
Two nodes are Pk-1And Pk+1, in Pk-1And Pk+1Line center at be inserted into new node be Pmid, i.e., by increasing among ray
Node obtains encrypted ray path.
In addition, to continuous three points Pk-1、PmidAnd Pk+1, utilize Pk-1And Pk+1By iterative formula group to intermediate point Pmid
It modifies, modified node is Pk, that is, the path node after optimizing is Pk-1、PkAnd Pk+1, the expression of the node such as Fig. 3 institute
Show.
Specifically, midpoint PmidThe velocity amplitude V at placemidIt (2) can be calculated according to the following formula；And midpoint PmidPosition
It sets as shown in Figure 2.
Wherein, in formula (2), Vmid(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidSpeed at (x, y, z), Vmid(i+l, j+m, k+n) table
Show midpoint PmidVelocity amplitude at 8 grid nodes of surrounding；(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidCoordinate, (xi,yj,zk) it is grid respectively
The x coordinate of node, y-coordinate and z coordinate.
Step 8 enables scale factor k add 1, and three-dimensional velocity structure after scale factor k corresponding gridding and predetermined
The second three-dimensional velocity structure mismatch when, repeat step 4-7.
The final ray path of step 9, output, and calculate ray traveltime.
Wherein, which for three-dimensional velocity structure after scale factor k corresponding gridding and makes a reservation for
The second three-dimensional velocity structure matching when initial ray path.
Fig. 4 is to utilize a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method pseudo- bending multiple dimensioned to complicated rate pattern of the present invention
Method ray tracing process, in Fig. 4, a is initial ray path, the i.e. line of shot point and receiving point；When b is scale factor k=1
Ray path is inserted into a node at this time between shot point and receiving point；Ray path ... when c is scale factor k=2, always
It is final ray path to j.
In the embodiment of the present invention, whether the sizing grid of the three-dimensional velocity structure component of the correspondence scale by judging extraction
Less than initial ray path；When the sizing grid of the rate pattern component of the correspondence scale of the extraction is less than initial ray path
When, new node will be inserted at the center in initial ray path；It is modified using pseudo- bending ray tracing method to the new node,
Using the line between two nodes in initial ray path and modified node as the ray path after optimization, by the optimization
Ray path afterwards is extracted as initial ray path that is, passing through step by step, and the correspondence scale of more every onestep extraction
After the sizing grid of three-dimensional velocity structure component and initial ray path, initial ray path is encrypted and optimized, until
Path meets the termination condition of setting, and obtained ray path is final result, so that pseudo- bending method ray tracing can
Suitable for velocity jump medium.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can carry out the present invention
Various modification and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the present invention
Within the scope of claim and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method characterized by comprising
Scheduled first three-dimensional velocity structure is pressed cube mesh generation by step 1, carries out spatial discretization；
Step 2, determined in the first three-dimensional velocity structure after subdivision according to scheduled shot point coordinate and receiving point coordinate it is initial
Ray path；
Step 3, setting initial gauges factor k=1；
Step 4, according to formula (1), the three-dimensional velocity of corresponding scale is extracted from the first three-dimensional velocity structure after the subdivision
Model component Vk；
Wherein, in formula (1), L is Gaussian filter length, (x0, y0,z0) it is Gaussian window central point, k is scale factor, W (k)
For Gaussian filter, VkFor the convolution results of Gaussian filter and three-dimensional velocity structure, V is three-dimensional velocity structure；
Step 5, by the ray path length between all adjacent two nodes in initial ray path one by one with the corresponding scale of extraction
The side length of cube grid of three-dimensional velocity structure component be compared；
Step 6, when the extraction correspondence scale rate pattern component cube grid side length be less than adjacent two nodes
Between ray path length when, using the intermediate point of the adjacent two nodes as new node；
Step 7 modifies to the new node using pseudo- bending ray tracing method, by two nodes in initial ray path and
Line between modified node is as the ray path after optimization, using the ray path after the optimization as initial ray
Path；
Step 8 enables scale factor k add 1, and three-dimensional velocity structure after scale factor k corresponding gridding and scheduled the
When two three-dimensional velocity structures mismatch, step 4-7 is repeated；
The final ray path of step 9, output, and calculate ray traveltime；Wherein, the final ray path be when scale because
Initial ray path when three-dimensional velocity structure after the corresponding gridding of sub- k is matched with scheduled second three-dimensional velocity structure.
2. multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described using pseudo- curved rays
Method for tracing is modified to the new node and is specifically included:
S1, two nodes for assuming initial ray path are Pk-1And Pk+1, Pk-1And Pk+1Line center at be inserted into new node
For Pmid；
S2, by following iterative formula group to intermediate node PmidIt modifies, modified node is Pk, that is, optimize after path
Node is Pk-1、PkAnd Pk+1；
Wherein, VmidFor midpoint PmidThe velocity amplitude at place,For point P after modificationkThe velocity gradient vector at place,For midpoint
PmidThe velocity gradient vector at place, xk-1For node Pk-1Abscissa, xk+1For node Pk+1Abscissa, Γ is direction vector, n
For unit direction vector, R is midpoint PmidPoint P after to modificationkDistance,C is point Pk-1With point Pk+1Place is slow
Degree is averaged, L=| xk+1-xmid|, L is node Pk+1With node PmidThe distance between, xmidFor node PmidAbscissa, xkFor
Node PkAbscissa.
3. multiple dimensioned pseudo- bending ray tracing method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the midpoint PmidThe speed at place
Angle value VmidIt (2) can be calculated according to the following formula；
Wherein, in formula (2) formula, Vmid(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidSpeed at (x, y, z), Vmid(i+l, j+m, k+n) is indicated
Midpoint PmidVelocity amplitude at 8 grid nodes of surrounding；(x, y, z) is midpoint PmidCoordinate, (xi,yj,zk) it is grid section respectively
The x coordinate of point, y-coordinate and z coordinate.
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