CN108051751B - Lithium ion power battery sorting method and system - Google Patents

Lithium ion power battery sorting method and system Download PDF

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CN108051751B
CN108051751B CN201711197185.XA CN201711197185A CN108051751B CN 108051751 B CN108051751 B CN 108051751B CN 201711197185 A CN201711197185 A CN 201711197185A CN 108051751 B CN108051751 B CN 108051751B
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battery
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CN108051751A (en
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刘爱菊
吴建忠
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion power battery sorting method and a lithium ion power battery sorting system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the battery is subjected to charge-discharge test at 1C rate, and the discharge capacity C is recorded1、C2…CnFully charging the battery, placing the battery for M days in a first preset temperature environment, supplementing the battery until the SOC capacity of the battery is 100%, and recording a compensation capacity Cx1、Cx2…CxnFully charging the battery, placing the battery for Z days in a second preset temperature environment, discharging the battery until the SOC capacity of the battery is 0%, and recording the discharge capacity Cy1、Cy2…CynCalculating the irreversible self-discharge capacity deltaC1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci＝Ci‑Cxi‑CyiCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value CavgAnd standard deviation σCCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnMean value δ CavgAnd standard deviation σδCMixing C withx1、Cx2…CxnAnd (C)avg‑3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing, delta C1、δC2…δCnAnd (δ C)avg‑3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified.

Description

Lithium ion power battery sorting method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a lithium ion power battery sorting method and system.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is stored for a set time at a certain temperature, and the capacity of the battery is partially lost, namely the self-discharge capacity of the battery. From the effect of self-discharge on battery performance, self-discharge can be classified into two categories: reversible self-discharge, the self-discharge loss capacity can be reversible to obtain compensated self-discharge; and secondly, irreversible self-discharge, self-discharge with irreversible compensation of self-discharge loss capacity. If the self-discharge of the battery is screened by integrating the reversible self-discharge and the irreversible self-discharge, although the consistency of the battery pack is very good when the battery pack leaves a factory, the consistency of the battery pack is finally poor due to the fact that the difference between the reversible self-discharge and the irreversible self-discharge is larger and larger along with the use of the battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a method and a system for sorting lithium ion power batteries;
the invention provides a lithium ion power battery sorting method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out charge and discharge test on the n batteries at the rate of 1C, and recording the discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、 C2…Cn；
S2, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment;
s3, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, carrying out 1C power supply on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 100%, and recording the power supply capacity C of the n batteriesx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、Cx2… CxnIs the reversible self-discharge capacity of n cells;
s4, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries in a second preset temperature environment for Z days;
s5, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, 1C discharging is carried out on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0%, and the discharging capacities C of the n batteries are recordedy1、Cy2…Cyn；
S6, calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity delta C of n batteries1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci＝Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n；
S7, calculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC；
S8, mixing Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified.
Preferably, step S8 specifically includes:
when C is presentiAt Cavg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
Preferably, in step S2, the first preset temperature is 45 ℃;
preferably, in step S4, the second preset temperature is 45 ℃.
Preferably, in step S2, M is 7 ≦ M ≦ 15.
Preferably, in step S4, Z is 7 ≦ Z ≦ 15.
A lithium ion power cell sorting system comprising:
a first capacity test module for performing charge and discharge test on n batteries at 1C rate and recording discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、C2…Cn；
The first processing module is connected with the first capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment;
the second capacity testing module is connected with the first processing module and used for conducting 1C power supplement on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacity of the n batteries is 100%, and recording the power supplement capacity C of the n batteriesx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-charging for n cellsDischarge capacity;
the second processing module is connected with the second capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries in a second preset temperature environment for Z days;
the third capacity testing module is connected with the second processing module and used for carrying out 1C discharging on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0 percent and recording the discharge capacity C of the n batteriesy1、Cy2…Cyn；
A first calculating module for calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity deltaC of the n cells1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci＝Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n；
A second calculation module for calculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC；
A qualification judging module for judging Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3 σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified.
Preferably, the qualification module is specifically configured to:
when C is presentiAt Cavg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, whichIn the formula, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
Preferably, the first processing module is specifically configured to: the first preset temperature is 45 ℃;
preferably, the second processing module is specifically configured to: the second preset temperature is 45 ℃.
Preferably, the first processing module is specifically configured to: m is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
Preferably, the second processing module is specifically configured to: z is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
According to the invention, the reversible self-discharge capacity of the battery is compared with the reversible self-discharge comparison range, the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the battery is compared with the irreversible self-discharge capacity comparison range, the reversible self-discharge capacity and the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the battery can be distinguished and sorted by integrating the two comparison results, so that the qualified lithium ion power battery is obtained, and the problem of poor consistency of the battery pack caused by inconsistent self-discharge of the lithium ion power battery can be effectively reduced.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a lithium ion power battery sorting method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a lithium ion power battery sorting system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the lithium ion power battery sorting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1, performing charge-discharge test on the n batteries at 1C rate, and recording discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、C2…Cn。
In a specific scheme, the charge and discharge rate is charge and discharge current/rated capacity, n batteries are subjected to charge and discharge tests at a rate of 1C, and the discharge capacity of the n batteries is recorded as C1、C2…Cn。
And step S2, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment, wherein the first preset temperature is 45 ℃, and M is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
In a specific scheme, the battery is placed in an environment at 45 ℃ for 7-15 days after being fully charged.
Step S3, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, 1C electricity compensation is carried out on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 100%, and the compensation capacity C of the n batteries is recordedx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、 Cx2…CxnIs the reversible self-discharge capacity of n cells.
In a specific embodiment, the n batteries processed in step S2 are retrieved to a normal temperature environment, and when the temperature of the n batteries is returned to the normal temperature, 1C power compensation is performed on the n batteries until the soc (state of charge) capacity of the n batteries is 100%, the power compensation capacity of the n batteries is recorded as the reversible self-discharge capacity of the n batteries, and is recorded as Cx1、Cx2…Cxn。
And step S4, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries for Z days in an environment with a second preset temperature, wherein the second preset temperature is 45 ℃, and Z is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
In a specific scheme, the battery is placed in an environment at 45 ℃ for 7-15 days after being fully charged.
Step S5, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, 1C discharging is carried out on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0%, and the discharging capacities C of the n batteries are recordedy1、Cy2…Cyn。
In a specific embodiment, the n batteries processed in step S4 are retrieved to a normal temperature environment, and when the temperature of the n batteries is returned to the normal temperature, 1C discharge is performed on the n batteries, and until the soc (state of charge) capacities of the n batteries are all 0%, the discharge capacities of the n batteries are recorded and recorded as Cy1、Cy2…Cyn。
Step S6, calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity delta C of n batteries1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci＝Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n。
Step S7, calculate Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC。
Step S8, adding Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3 σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3 σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified specifically includes: when C is presentiAt Cavg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
In a specific embodiment, by Ci＝Ci-Cxi-CyiCalculating the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the n batteries and recording the irreversible self-discharge capacity as delta C1、δC2…δCn(ii) a Recalculate Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgAnd standard deviation σCCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgAnd standard deviation σδC(ii) a Finally, C is put1、C2…CnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Making a comparison when CiAt Cavg-3 σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, otherwise, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a defective battery.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a lithium ion power battery sorting system, including:
a first capacity test module for performing charge and discharge test on n batteries at 1C rate and recording discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、C2…Cn。
In a specific scheme, the charge and discharge rate is charge and discharge current/rated capacity, n batteries are subjected to charge and discharge tests at a rate of 1C, and the discharge capacity of the n batteries is recorded as C1、C2…Cn。
The first processing module is connected with the first capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment, wherein the first preset temperature is 45 ℃ and M is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
In a specific scheme, the battery is placed in an environment at 45 ℃ for 7-15 days after being fully charged.
The second capacity testing module is connected with the first processing module and used for conducting 1C power supplement on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacity of the n batteries is 100%, and recording the power supplement capacity C of the n batteriesx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、Cx2…CxnIs the reversible self-discharge capacity of n cells.
In a specific scheme, the n batteries processed by the first processing module are taken back to a normal-temperature environment, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, 1C power supplement is carried out on the n batteries, and until the SOC (state of charge) capacities of the n batteries are all 100%, the power supplement capacities of the n batteries are recorded as the reversible self-discharge capacities of the n batteries, and are recorded as Cx1、Cx2…Cxn。
And the second processing module is connected with the second capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries for Z days in a second preset temperature environment, wherein the second preset temperature is 45 ℃, and Z is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15.
In a specific scheme, the battery is placed in an environment at 45 ℃ for 7-15 days after being fully charged.
The third capacity testing module is connected with the second processing module and used for carrying out 1C discharging on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0 percent and recording the discharge capacity C of the n batteriesy1、Cy2…Cyn。
In a specific scheme, the n batteries processed by the second processing module are taken back to a normal temperature environment, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, the n batteries are subjected to 1C discharge, and until the SOC (state of charge) capacities of the n batteries are all 0%, the discharge capacities of the n batteries are recorded and recorded as Cy1、Cy2… Cyn。
A first calculating module for calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity deltaC of the n cells1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci＝Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n。
A second calculation module for calculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC。
A qualification judging module for judging Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3 σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified is specifically used for: when C is presentiAt Cavg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
In a specific embodiment, by Ci＝Ci-Cxi-CyiCalculating the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the n batteries and recording the irreversible self-discharge capacity as delta C1、δC2…δCn(ii) a Recalculate Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgAnd standard deviation σCCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgAnd standard deviation σδC(ii) a Finally, C is putx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Making a comparison when CiAt Cavg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, otherwise, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a defective battery.
In the embodiment, the reversible self-discharge capacity of the battery is compared with the reversible self-discharge comparison range, the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the battery is compared with the irreversible self-discharge capacity comparison range, the reversible self-discharge capacity and the irreversible self-discharge capacity of the battery can be distinguished and sorted by combining the two comparison results, the qualified lithium ion power battery is obtained, and the problem of poor consistency of the battery pack caused by inconsistent self-discharge of the lithium ion power battery can be effectively solved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A lithium ion power battery sorting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out charge and discharge test on the n batteries at the rate of 1C, and recording the discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、C2…Cn；
S2, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment;
s3, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, carrying out 1C power supply on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 100%, and recording the power supply capacity C of the n batteriesx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、Cx2…CxnIs the reversible self-discharge capacity of n cells;
s4, fully charging the n batteries, and placing the batteries in a second preset temperature environment for Z days;
s5, when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature, 1C discharging is carried out on the n batteries until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0%, and the discharging capacities C of the n batteries are recordedy1、Cy2…Cyn；
S6, calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity delta C of n batteries1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci=Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n；
S7, calculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC；
S8, mixing Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified.
2. The method for sorting the lithium-ion power batteries according to claim 1, wherein the step S8 specifically comprises:
when C is presentiAt (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
3. The method for sorting lithium-ion power batteries according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the first preset temperature is 45 ℃;
preferably, in step S4, the second preset temperature is 45 ℃.
4. The method for sorting lithium-ion power batteries according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, M is 7. ltoreq. M.ltoreq.15.
5. The method for sorting lithium-ion power batteries according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, Z is 7. ltoreq. Z.ltoreq.15.
6. A lithium ion power cell sorting system, comprising:
a first capacity test module for performing charge-discharge test on n batteries at 1C rate and recording discharge capacity C of the n batteries1、C2…Cn；
The first processing module is connected with the first capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries for M days in a first preset temperature environment;
the second capacity testing module is connected with the first processing module and used for conducting 1C power supplement on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacity of the n batteries is 100%, and recording the power supplement capacity C of the n batteriesx1、Cx2…CxnSaid C isx1、Cx2…CxnIs the reversible self-discharge capacity of n cells;
the second processing module is connected with the second capacity testing module and used for fully charging the n batteries and placing the batteries in a second preset temperature environment for Z days;
the third capacity testing module is connected with the second processing module and used for carrying out 1C discharging on the n batteries when the temperature of the n batteries is recovered to the normal temperature until the SOC capacities of the n batteries are all 0 percent and recording the discharge capacity C of the n batteriesy1、Cy2…Cyn；
A first calculating module for calculating irreversible self-discharge capacity deltaC of the n cells1、δC2…δCnWherein, δ Ci=Ci-Cxi-Cyi，1≤i≤n；
A second calculation module for calculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnAverage value of CavgCalculating Cx1、Cx2…CxnStandard deviation of (a)CCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnAverage value of (delta C)avgCalculating δ C1、δC2…δCnStandard deviation of (a)δC；
A qualification judging module for judging Cx1、Cx2…CxnReversible self-discharge comparison range with n cells (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Comparing to obtain delta C1、δC2…δCnIrreversible self-discharge comparison range (delta C) with n cellsavg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) Comparing, and judging C by combining the results of the two comparisons1、C2…CnWhether the corresponding battery is qualified。
7. The lithium ion power battery sorting system of claim 6, wherein the qualification module is specifically configured to:
when C is presentiAt (C)avg-3σC，Cavg+3σC) Internal and delta CiIs at (delta C)avg-3σδC，δCavg+3σδC) When internal, C is judgediThe corresponding battery is a qualified battery, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
8. The lithium ion power cell sorting system of claim 6, wherein the first preset temperature is 45 ℃;
preferably, the second preset temperature is 45 ℃.
9. The lithium ion power battery sorting system of claim 6, wherein 7 ≦ M ≦ 15.
10. The lithium ion power battery sorting system of claim 6, wherein 7 ≦ Z ≦ 15.
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