CN108051407A - Hyperspectral imager based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system - Google Patents
Hyperspectral imager based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108051407A CN108051407A CN201810030256.5A CN201810030256A CN108051407A CN 108051407 A CN108051407 A CN 108051407A CN 201810030256 A CN201810030256 A CN 201810030256A CN 108051407 A CN108051407 A CN 108051407A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
Abstract
The invention discloses the Hyperspectral imagers based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system, EO-1 hyperion camera including gathering the one-dimensional image data of target, the EO-1 hyperion camera connection processing device, the EO-1 hyperion camera one side is fixedly connected with the area array cameras of acquisition target bidimensional image data, the 2 dimensional region of the area array cameras shooting includes the linear regions of EO-1 hyperion camera shooting, the POS system of acquisition EO-1 hyperion camera position data and attitude data is also set up on the EO-1 hyperion camera, the area array cameras and POS system are connected with processor；The present invention possesses very strong practicability, and carrying platform is at low cost, by being wirelessly transferred and remote control can realize control to carrying platform, can on the ground Real Time Observation to the region of photographic subjects, the flight attitude of unmanned plane, the image effect that gathers etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing technology fields, and in particular to the height based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system
Spectrum imaging system.
Background technology
The development of remote sensing technology experienced panchromatic (black and white), colored (RGB), after multispectral scanner imaging session, by
In the imaging spectral technology that the phase at the beginning of the eighties in last century occurs, optical remote sensing is promoted to enter a brand-new stage --- bloom
Compose the remote sensing stage.So-called EO-1 hyperion refers to the remote sensing science with high spectral resolution and technology, imaging spectral technology institute
The imaging spectrometer used can be in the ultraviolet of electromagnetic spectrum, visible ray, near-infrared and short-wave infrared region, and acquisition is many very
The continuous image data of narrow and spectrum.Imaging spectrometer provides the spectrum letter of tens of to hundreds of narrow-bands for each pixel
Breath forms a complete and continuous curve of spectrum therefrom.The various atural objects that imaging spectrometer will be observed in field range
It is recorded with the complete curve of spectrum, and multidisciplinary to be carried out is analyzed and processed and studied to recorded data
Work.
The cross discipline emerging as one, on the basis of primarily resting on the technologies such as sensor, computer, is related to
EM theory, spectroscopy and colorimetry, physics/geometric optics, electronic engineering, informatics, geography, agronomy, atmospheric science,
The multi-door subject such as oceanography.And EM theory is then the physical basis of remote sensing technology, the phase interaction of electromagnetic wave and terrestrial materials
With mode in different medium of mechanism, electromagnetic wave and it is received, is analyzed is comprehensive each door subject and technology
Where core.For the different spectral signatures of different atural objects, atural object can be efficiently differentiated and identified using high spectrum image, be one
The typical untouchable non-destructive testing technology of kind can obtain the spatially and spectrally information of target, according to " referring to for unlike material simultaneously
Line " spectral signature can realize the work such as the detection identification to target.Thus be widely used in Atmospheric Survey, medical diagnosis,
In material classification and target identification, land resources, ecology, environmental monitoring and urban remote sensing, due to the particularity and technology of industry
Using the limitation of means, its remote sensing number is obtained by modes such as satellite remote sensing, Fixed Wing AirVehicle, rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles mostly
According to.
Traditional push-broom type Hyperspectral imager is realized using the attitude information recorded by Pos systems to spectrogram
The geometric corrections of picture.This mode is suitable for spaceborne and has man-machine system, and for the poor UAV system POS systems of stability
The precision of system is difficult to meet application demand.
And rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle is used to carry the pattern that EO-1 hyperion camera carries out push-scanning image, it is internally integrated and sweeps in camera system
Mechanism is retouched, rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle hovers in the air, by the three-dimensional real-time adjustment for increasing steady holder, ensures EO-1 hyperion camera posture always
Under stable state, and the scanning shift platform built in system can be by controlling the scanning of slit, and then obtains target object
Image (space) information and spectral information.Imaging system is suspended on rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle by three-axis stability augmentation holder.Imaging
Spectrometer knead dough battle array monochrome cameras is completely combined together, and imaging lens are fixed together with sweep mechanism, the two independent moulds
To keep optical axis consistent between block, the combination that imaging lens can be with imaging spectral and area array cameras under the drive of scan module has
One relative motion, that is to say, that imaging lens can move under the drive of motor, and imaging spectrometer and camera combination body are then
It can't move, there are one the trend of relative movement for holding between imaging lens.Imaging lens one-dimensional are swept with its internal one
It retouches motor combination body to be fixed together, the primary optical axis of the primary optical axis and imaging spectrometer and detector of imaging lens passes through machinery
Fixed mode is kept.After incident beam enters imaging lens, using the imaging spectrometer for keeping same primary optical axis therewith
Light splitting, finally by the picture (information) of testee on the detector.Imaging spectrometer is every time into the picture of a line in target
(information), and being divided makes each spectral component correspond to linear array (be actually face gust, spectral Dimensions not record position information)
On a pixel.Therefore, picture structure of each width from spectrum camera includes the linear array on a dimension (spatial axes)
Pixel and the spatial distribution in another dimension (spectrum axis) (light is in the intensity of spectral element).And target object is owned
Picture be all presented on planar array detector, it is necessary to there are one opposite movement between object and imaging system.Internal system has
The adapter of one fixed imaging camera lens, this adapter can be parallel with spectrometer slit under the action of motor, and compared with narrow
Seam plane is scanned (movement), and such hyperspectral datacube is in the common effect of the movement of camera lens and planar array detector
Under, a line a line is set up, and is spliced into a secondary complete image.In the process, camera lens is in the drive control of motor
Its moving range is very limited, and stroke is in 10mm or so.
Rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle is used to carry the pattern that EO-1 hyperion camera carries out push-scanning image, it is impossible to carry out large area, significantly
The collecting test of degree；Testing efficiency is relatively low, and deficiency is had in terms of timeliness；In data processing, data overlap is considered
Etc. technologies requirement, treatment effeciency is slow；
In the mode that high spectrum image acquisition is carried out using unmanned plane, using Fixed Wing AirVehicle carry imager equipment,
Using the flight of aircraft as system translation mechanism, since high light spectrum image-forming is all push-broom pattern, imaging every time is all one
The image of line, so when aircraft cannot be guaranteed enough steady, the image of acquisition will deform, every above detector
One pixel corresponds to a physical objects region in target, if Image Acquisition is unreasonable, fully relies on and manually goes to carry out figure
It is extremely difficult as correcting, and the speed frame of camera (or perhaps speed) scanned during camera gathers is also very
Difficult control.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of be specifically related to based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system is provided
Hyperspectral imager, when solving currently with unmanned plane progress high spectrum image acquisition, scanning field of view is small and due to nobody
Machine flies unstable the technical issues of bringing pattern distortion.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
Hyperspectral imager based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system, including gathering the one-dimensional shadow of target
As the EO-1 hyperion camera of data, the EO-1 hyperion camera connection processing device, the EO-1 hyperion camera one side is fixedly connected with acquisition
The area array cameras of target bidimensional image data, the 2 dimensional region of the area array cameras shooting include EO-1 hyperion camera shooting
Linear regions also set up the POS system of acquisition EO-1 hyperion camera position data and attitude data on the EO-1 hyperion camera, described
Area array cameras and POS system are connected with processor.
Further, the EO-1 hyperion camera includes camera lens A, the camera lens A connections imaging spectrometer, by portrait attachment A mono-
Spectrograph slit, the imaging spectrometer connection planar array detector A are provided on the imaging spectrometer of side.
Further, the area array cameras includes camera lens B, the camera lens B connections planar array detector B.
Further, the intensity monitor module of detection sun light intensity variation, light intensity are additionally provided on the EO-1 hyperion camera
The data transmission of monitoring modular acquisition is to processor.
Further, the EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras are arranged on by fast-assembling interface increases on steady holder, the increasing
Steady holder connects carrier by damper, and the carrier connects fixed-wing unmanned plane.
The processor will treated data transmission to ground controller, the ground controller is shown and is located
Reason.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. area array cameras and POS system are realized carries out geometric calibration and image spelling to the image of EO-1 hyperion camera acquisition
It connects, equal comparative maturity in terms of big algorithm and reliability, is greatly improved the reliability and accuracy of geometric corrections；Intensity monitor
The variation of module record solar light intensity, for being calibrated to data；The picture quality of acquisition is high, even if image is distorted,
It is more easy to repair, and reduces later image and the workload of spectrum splicing, reduces technical difficulty, in later data processing
Also it is more convenient.
2. the present invention possesses very strong practicability, eliminating needs very strict steady control system in current Remote Sensing Testing System
The design and mechanism of system, carrying platform is at low cost, and the control to carrying platform can be realized by wireless transmission and remote control,
Control is easy, realizes the region of Real Time Observation photographic subjects, the flight attitude of fixed-wing unmanned plane, the image of acquisition on the ground
Effect etc..
3. in imaging, using the rock-steady structure and POS system of three-axis stability augmentation holder itself, the unique guarantor in structure
The state of flight of aircraft has been demonstrate,proved, and then ensure that the quality of imaging, has been avoided since fixed-wing unmanned plane during flying is unstable and sweeps
It retouches structure centre and shifts and bring pattern distortion.Meanwhile it can be realized quickly using high frame rate, high-resolution planar array detector
With the test of large area, the time for gathering image greatly shortens.
3rd, operated without very professional personnel, only need that fixed-wing unmanned plane during flying posture can be controlled i.e.
Can, Image Acquisition all realizes that automation and modularization, testing efficiency greatly improve.
4th, in data output facet, shooting area can be monitored in real time, obtain the correlation of ground target in real time
Index information.
5th, the present invention is very suitable for carrying out far field shooting, and using the camera lens of field angle bigger, single image coverage is big.
6th, the position data of POS system acquisition and attitude data realize that geometry entangles when carrying out data processing using processor
Just, attitude accuracy is up to 0.05 °.
Description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the view 1 of high light spectrum image-forming partial internal structure in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the view 2 of high light spectrum image-forming partial internal structure in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the front view of high light spectrum image-forming partial internal structure in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of high light spectrum image-forming portion of external structure in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the acquisition range of high light spectrum image-forming part in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the image of high light spectrum image-forming part in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the front view after present invention installation；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram after present invention installation；
Reference numeral：1- camera lenses A, 2- camera lens B, 3- planar array detector B, 4-POS system, 5- imaging spectrometers, 6- imagings
Spectrometer fixing piece, 7- planar array detectors A, 8- processor stent, 9- processors, 10- spectrograph slits, 11- increase steady holder,
110- courses frame, 111- roll frames, 112- pitching frames, 12- supporting racks, 120- dampers, 13- carriers, 14- fixed-wings
Unmanned plane, 15- shells.
Specific embodiment
All features or disclosed all methods disclosed in this specification or in the process the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention.
Hyperspectral imager based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system, it is described including EO-1 hyperion camera
EO-1 hyperion camera includes camera lens A1, the camera lens A1 connections imaging spectrometer 5, by the imaging spectrometer 5 of portrait attachment A1 one sides
Spectrograph slit 10 is provided with, the imaging spectrometer 5 connects planar array detector A7；
It is provided with processor 9 on the bloom spectroscopy camera, the planar array detector A7 of the EO-1 hyperion camera is by acquisition
One-dimensional image data is transmitted to the processor 9 and is handled, and the EO-1 hyperion camera one side is fixedly connected with area array cameras, institute
Stating area array cameras includes camera lens B2, the camera lens B2 connections planar array detector B3；
The planar array detector B3 of the area array cameras will be at the bidimensional image data transmission of acquisition to the processor 9
Reason, the 2 dimensional region of the area array cameras shooting include the linear regions of EO-1 hyperion camera shooting, the EO-1 hyperion camera
On also set up the POS system 4 of acquisition EO-1 hyperion camera position data and attitude data, the POS system 4 is by the position data
Processor 9 is transmitted to attitude data to be handled, the processor 9 controls EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras and POS system 4
Synchronize data acquisition.
The intensity monitor module of detection sun light intensity variation is additionally provided on the EO-1 hyperion camera, intensity monitor module is adopted
The data transmission of collection is to processor 9.
The EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras are arranged on by fast-assembling interface to be increased on steady holder, and the steady holder of increasing passes through
Damper connects carrier 13, and the carrier 13 connects fixed-wing unmanned plane 14.
The processor 9 will treated data transmission to ground controller, the ground controller is shown and is located
Reason.Specific embodiment 1
High light spectrum image-forming part includes EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras, POS system 4, processor 9 and intensity monitor module.
EO-1 hyperion camera includes camera lens A1, camera lens A1 connections imaging spectrometer 5, the key light of camera lens A1 and imaging spectrometer 5
Overlapping of axles, by being provided with spectrograph slit 10 on the imaging spectrometer 5 of portrait attachment A1 one sides, imaging spectrometer 5 by imaging into
As spectrometer fixing piece 6 connects planar array detector A7；After incident beam enters camera lens A1, it is divided by imaging spectrometer 5, it will be by
The picture for surveying object is presented on planar array detector A7.
Area array cameras includes camera lens B2, the camera lens B2 connections planar array detector B3, after incident beam enters camera lens B2, into
As on planar array detector B3, imaging is two-dimensional image.
EO-1 hyperion camera is fixedly installed side by side with area array cameras, and camera lens A1 and the minute surface of camera lens B2 are in the same plane,
In 14 flight course of fixed-wing unmanned plane, the relative position of EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras does not change.
POS system 4 is mounted on above area array cameras B, for gathering the position data of EO-1 hyperion camera and attitude data.
Intensity monitor module is arranged on EO-1 hyperion camera, for detecting the variation of sun light intensity, and by the data of acquisition
Processor 9 is sent to be handled.
Processor stent 8 is provided with above spectrometer fixing piece and planar array detector, processing is provided on processor stent 8
Device 9, processor 9 include data collecting system and NUC microprocessors, and processor 9 controls EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras and POS
System 4 synchronizes shooting, and the data that EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras and POS system 4 are gathered are handled.
EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras, POS system 4, processor 9 and intensity monitor module are in addition to camera lens A1 and camera lens B2
It is arranged inside shell 15.
Specific embodiment 2
Hyperspectral imager includes fixed-wing unmanned plane 14, high light spectrum image-forming part and ground controller.
The shell 15 of high light spectrum image-forming part is arranged on by fast-assembling interface to be increased on steady holder 11, can be carried out in outfield quickly
It replaces；Since fixed-wing unmanned plane 14 can be to data there are high-frequency vibration caused by the vibration of various frequencies, especially engine
The signal-to-noise ratio of acquisition and the geometric correction in later stage have an impact, and the integrated steady holder 11 of increasing can effectively filter out high-frequency vibration, and drop
The unsteady attitude of low camera effectively improves the effect and picture quality of later stage geometric correction；Increase steady holder 11 and use three axis
Active isolation and the passive isolation structure of three axis realize the attenuation for disturbing and vibrating to carrier aircraft angle；Three axis frames are from inside to outside successively
For course frame 110, roll frame 111 and pitching frame 112, driving motor and angle measurement encoder are respectively mounted on each frame.
Wherein, pitching frame 112 and roll frame 111 form normal flat gimbal, are equipped with gyroscope and inclinator thereon, can ensure
Spectrometer is during 13 attitudes vibration of carrier, always perpendicular to the ground.Gyroscope is installed on course frame 110, for overcoming
The disturbance of carrier 13 right on the course, and be servo-actuated in the line of flight.
Increase steady 11 lower section of holder and be provided with supporting rack 12, the corner of support frame as described above 12 sets the damper of four high-dampings
120, damper 120 is connected on the carrier 13 of cuboid, and carrier 13 is arranged on fixed-wing unmanned plane 14.
The processor 9 of high light spectrum image-forming part descends into handling result by 14 data link of fixed-wing unmanned plane in real time
Ground controller, result is shown ground controller and subsequent processing.
Specific embodiment 3
The main step that the data of processing EO-1 hyperion camera, area array cameras, POS system acquisition are handled using processor
It is rapid as follows：
Step 1：The data gathered using light intensity monitoring module carry out radiation amendment to the data that EO-1 hyperion camera gathers；
Step 2：The data gathered using POS system and area array cameras carry out geometric corrections to the revised data of step 1；
Step 3：Using the background data of EO-1 hyperion camera photographic subjects and the white frame data of shooting scaling board come to step 2
Revised data carry out reflectivity correction；
Step 4：The reflectance spectrum data for the photographic subjects that step 3 is obtained carry out light with the data in standard database
After the processing such as spectrum analysis compares, matching, analysis result is exported.
Claims (6)
1. the Hyperspectral imager based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system, including gathering the one-dimensional image of target
The EO-1 hyperion camera of data, the EO-1 hyperion camera connection processing device (9), it is characterised in that：The EO-1 hyperion camera one side is consolidated
Surely the area array cameras of acquisition target bidimensional image data is connected with, the 2 dimensional region of the area array cameras shooting includes the bloom
The linear regions of camera shooting are composed, acquisition EO-1 hyperion camera position data and attitude data are also set up on the EO-1 hyperion camera
POS system (4), the area array cameras and POS system (4) are connected with processor (9).
2. the Hyperspectral imager according to claim 1 based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system,
It is characterized in that：The EO-1 hyperion camera includes camera lens A (1), camera lens A (1) the connection imaging spectrometer (5), by portrait attachment A
(1) spectrograph slit (10), imaging spectrometer (5) the connection planar array detector A are provided on the imaging spectrometer (5) of one side
(7)。
3. the Hyperspectral imager according to claim 1 based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system,
It is characterized in that：The area array cameras includes camera lens B (2), camera lens B (2) the connection planar array detector B (3).
4. the Hyperspectral imager according to claim 1 based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system,
It is characterized in that：The intensity monitor module of detection sun light intensity variation, intensity monitor module are additionally provided on the EO-1 hyperion camera
The data transmission of acquisition is to processor (9).
5. the Hyperspectral imager according to claim 1 based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system,
It is characterized in that：The EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras are arranged on by fast-assembling interface to be increased on steady holder (11), described to increase steady cloud
Platform (11) connects carrier (13), carrier (13) the connection fixed-wing unmanned plane (14) by damper (120).
6. the Hyperspectral imager according to claim 1 based on EO-1 hyperion camera and area array cameras and POS system,
It is characterized in that：The processor (9) will treated data transmission to ground controller, the ground controller carry out display and
Processing.
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| CN111307719A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-19 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Method and device for analyzing erosion characteristics of sandstone areas by using aerial data images |
| CN113447486A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Binocular and infrared combined diagnosis system and method for diseases of unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted linear engineering |
| CN111708044A (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2020-09-25 | 桂林理工大学 | Airborne supercontinuum laser 50-waveband hyperspectral radar system |
| CN111708044B (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2021-07-06 | 桂林理工大学 | Airborne supercontinuum laser 50-waveband hyperspectral radar system |
| CN111766214A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-13 | 昆明物理研究所 | Unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted spectral imaging data processing method and system based on edge calculation |
| CN113588086A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean atmosphere integrated hyperspectral radiometric system and method |
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