CN108049516B - Grading shock absorber with memory alloy spring - Google Patents
Grading shock absorber with memory alloy spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN108049516B CN108049516B CN201711358208.0A CN201711358208A CN108049516B CN 108049516 B CN108049516 B CN 108049516B CN 201711358208 A CN201711358208 A CN 201711358208A CN 108049516 B CN108049516 B CN 108049516B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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Abstract
This divisional application relates to a hierarchical bumper shock absorber with memory alloy spring, belongs to building engineering structure antidetonation technical field for solve the problem of widening the bumper shock absorber application range, the technical essential is: the shock absorber comprises a sliding shock absorber, a spring shock absorber and a connecting piece for connecting the sliding shock absorber and the spring shock absorber, wherein a spring in the spring shock absorber is prepared from memory alloy. The effect is as follows: no matter the shock absorber suffers from the shock with smaller or larger intensity, the adaptive energy consumption can be carried out, therefore, the connecting piece is used, the sliding friction energy consumption is carried out in the small shock, the spring energy consumption is carried out in the large shock, and the connecting piece is selected according to the shock intensity adaptability, so that the application range of the shock absorber is greatly widened.
Description
The application is divisional application with application number 2017103489899, application date 2017-05-17 and invention name 'graded shock absorber'.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering structure earthquake resistance, and relates to a shock absorber.
Background
With the frequent occurrence of earthquake and the development of earthquake-resistant technology, people gradually pay attention to the application of energy dissipaters in structures while carrying out structural earthquake-resistant design. Therefore, the measure of installing the device with certain energy consumption capacity can be taken at the non-load-bearing part, and the damper is designed to have good self-recovery capacity. When a small earthquake occurs, the rigidity of the structure can ensure the normal use of the structure; when a large earthquake occurs, the damper begins to enter the inelastic stage along with the deformation of the structure, so that energy consumption and shock absorption are realized, and the damage to the main body structure is reduced.
The energy dissipation and shock absorption technology mainly comprises the following steps: by adding the passive energy dissipation device in the original structure, the earthquake energy consumed by structural components originally is consumed, and the deformation and damage of the structure caused by the vibration effect are greatly reduced. The energy consumption devices developed at present mainly include: viscous energy dissipaters, viscoelastic energy dissipaters, metal energy dissipaters and friction energy dissipaters, wherein the first two types are called speed-related energy dissipaters, the second two types are called hysteresis energy dissipaters, and the metal energy dissipaters are divided into lead dampers and mild steel dampers. The hysteresis type energy dissipater consumes energy by utilizing deformation and hysteresis, and the velocity-dependent energy dissipater obtains damping force by utilizing a velocity-dependent viscosity resistance effect and changing from a small amplitude to a large amplitude.
The damper is generally used in the prior art to absorb shock for a building, however, under the influence of shock intensity, the requirement of spring stiffness causes the damper to consume energy to counteract large deformation, so the damper with the requirement of stiffness is not sensitive to small deformation, but small shock still exists, and the energy should be consumed, so that the damper can consume energy adaptively no matter the damper encounters small or large-intensity shock.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of widening the application range of the shock absorber, the invention provides the following scheme:
a graded damper comprises a sliding damper, a spring damper and a connecting piece of the sliding damper and the spring damper, wherein the connecting piece starts the spring damper when the sliding damper stops moving.
Further, the sliding damper comprises a first steel plate group and a second steel plate group; the first steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates, wedge containing holes which enable the wedges to move along the telescopic direction of springs connecting the two wedges are symmetrically arranged on the two steel plates in a penetrating manner, and the wedges connected by the springs are positioned in the wedge containing holes; the second steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates, the distance between the two steel plates allows the first steel plate group to slide along the inner wall of the second steel plate, the two steel plates are symmetrically provided with wedge fixing holes through which the wedges are ejected, and an axle hole is arranged behind the wedge fixing holes along the sliding direction.
Further, the spring damper comprises an outer sleeve and an inner cylinder; the outer sleeve is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder, one side bottom surface of the outer sleeve is not closed, the inner cylinder is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with the diameter smaller than that of the outer sleeve, the bottom surface of one side of the inner cylinder is not closed, the inner cylinder is placed in the outer sleeve from the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder to the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve, a distance is reserved between the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder and the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the closed surface of the inner cylinder and the closed surface of the outer sleeve.
Furthermore, the connecting piece comprises a steel arm, a lifting arm and a steel column, and the second steel plate group is connected to the outer wall of the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve; a fixed shaft is fixed on one side of the wedge containing hole of at least one steel plate of the first steel plate group, which is far away from the second steel plate group, two steel arms are connected to the fixed shaft to form an L-shaped steel arm, a shaft is installed in a shaft hole of the second steel plate group, the other two steel arms are connected to the shaft to form the L-shaped steel arm, the two steel arms are extended at the joint of the shafts and connected to the lifting steel arm, and the lifting steel arm is provided with a steel column; the two L-shaped steel arms are connected by a shaft to form a diamond movable frame; the steel column is movably inserted into the inner cylinder through the outer sleeve and the limiting hole in the side face of the inner cylinder, and when the steel column is inserted into the inner cylinder, the steel column divides the spring.
Furthermore, the end, far away from the second steel sheet, of the first steel sheet is connected with a baffle, the baffle is connected to the connecting plate, the closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder is connected with a baffle, and the baffle is connected to the connecting plate.
Furthermore, the spring is made of memory alloy, and the part of the spring divided by the steel column is provided with a notch; when the rhombic movable frame moves to drive the steel column to move upwards, the steel column is separated from the limiting hole in the inner cylinder when moving, and is limited between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by the limiting hole in the outer cylinder, the lifting arm is connected with an L-shaped steel arm at an angle, so that the lifting arm is parallel to the side surfaces of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the steel column is vertically inserted.
Has the advantages that: the damper can perform adaptive energy consumption no matter the damper encounters vibration with smaller or larger intensity, so that the connecting piece is utilized to perform sliding friction energy consumption in small vibration and spring energy consumption in large vibration, and the connecting piece is adaptively selected according to the vibration intensity, thereby greatly widening the application range of the damper.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the assembling effect of a stepped damper.
Fig. 2 is a view of the C-D configuration of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a steel plate with triangular wedges.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the C-D junction.
Wherein: 1. the steel plate comprises a first steel plate group, a second steel plate group, a wedge 3, a spring 4, a wedge accommodating hole 5, a wedge fixing hole 6, a shaft hole 7, an outer sleeve 8, an inner sleeve 9, an inner sleeve 10, a spring 11, a steel arm 12, a lifting arm 13, a steel column 14, a fixing shaft 15, a baffle plate 16, a connecting plate 17 and a U-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
Example (b): a graded damper comprises a sliding damper, a spring damper and a connecting piece of the sliding damper and the spring damper, wherein the connecting piece starts the spring damper when the sliding damper stops moving. In the prior art, a damper is generally used for achieving the shock absorption effect of a building, however, the damper is influenced by shock absorption strength, and the requirement of spring stiffness causes the damper to consume energy to counteract a large deformation effect, so that the damper with the requirement of stiffness is insensitive to a small deformation effect, but small shock still exists, and the part of energy should be consumed, so that the damper can perform adaptive energy consumption no matter the damper encounters shock with smaller or larger strength, therefore, a connecting piece is used, so that sliding friction energy consumption is realized in small shock, the spring energy consumption is realized in large shock, and the connecting piece is adaptively selected according to the shock strength, so that the application range of the damper is greatly widened.
In one embodiment, the sliding damper comprises a first steel plate set and a second steel plate set;
the sliding damper comprises a first steel plate group 1 and a second steel plate group 2;
the first steel plate group 1 consists of two parallel steel plates, wedge containing holes 5 which enable the wedges 3 to move along the telescopic direction of springs 4 connecting the two wedges 3 are symmetrically arranged on the two steel plates in a penetrating mode, and the wedges 3 connected by the springs 4 are positioned in the wedge containing holes 5;
the second steel plate group 2 is composed of two parallel steel plates, the distance between the two steel plates allows the first steel plate group 1 to slide along the inner wall of the second steel plate, the two steel plates are symmetrically penetrated with wedge fixing holes 6 which enable the wedges 3 to be ejected, and an axle hole 7 is arranged behind the wedge fixing holes 6 along the sliding direction. This scheme provides a slip bumper shock absorber, uses the embedded slip of two sets of parallel steel sheets to use the spacing mode of wedge, stop sliding when sliding strength is unsuitable to support current seismic strength, provide one-level shock attenuation.
In one embodiment, the spring damper comprises an outer sleeve 8, an inner sleeve 9; the outer sleeve 8 is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder, one side of the outer sleeve is not closed, the inner cylinder 9 is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with the diameter smaller than that of the outer sleeve 8, the bottom surface of one side of the inner cylinder is not closed, the inner cylinder 9 is placed in the outer sleeve 8 from the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder 9 to the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve 8, a distance is reserved between the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder 9 and the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve 8, and a spring 10 is arranged between the closed surface of the inner cylinder 9 and the closed surface of the outer sleeve 8. This scheme provides a spring damper, and aim at provides the secondary vibration.
In one embodiment, the connecting member comprises a steel arm 11, a lifting arm 12 and a steel column 13, and the second steel plate group 2 is connected to the outer wall of the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve 8; a fixed shaft 14 is fixed on one side of the wedge containing hole 5 of at least one steel plate of the first steel plate group 1, which is far away from the second steel plate group 2, two steel arms 11 are connected to the fixed shaft to form an L-shaped steel arm 11, a shaft is arranged in a shaft hole 7 of the second steel plate group 2, the other two steel arms 11 are connected to the shaft to form the L-shaped steel arm 11, the two steel arms 11 are extended due to the connection position of the shafts and connected to the lifting steel arms 11, and the lifting steel arms 11 are provided with steel columns 13; the two L-shaped steel arms 11 are connected through a shaft to form a diamond-shaped movable frame; the steel column 13 is movably inserted into the inner cylinder 9 through limiting holes in the side faces of the outer sleeve 8 and the inner cylinder 9, and when the steel column 13 is inserted into the inner cylinder 9, the steel column 13 divides the spring 10. This scheme provides a connecting piece, connects one-level and second grade shock attenuation to by the connecting piece after one-level shock attenuation became invalid, the automatic start second grade shock attenuation, thereby obtain the bumper shock absorber that the automation of a wide range carries out adaptability shock attenuation according to intensity of vibration and selects.
One end of the first steel plate, which is far away from the second steel plate, is connected with a baffle 15, the baffle 15 is connected on a connecting plate 16, the closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder 9 is connected with the baffle 15, and the baffle 15 is connected on the connecting plate 16.
In one embodiment, the spring between the sealing surface of the inner cylinder 9 and the sealing surface of the outer sleeve 8 is made of memory alloy, and the part of the spring divided by the steel column 13 is provided with a notch; when the rhombic movable frame moves to drive the steel column 13 to move upwards, the steel column is separated from the limiting hole in the inner cylinder 9 when moving, and is limited between the inner cylinder 9 and the outer cylinder 8 by the limiting hole in the outer cylinder 8, the lifting arm 12 is connected with an L-shaped steel arm 11 at an angle, so that the lifting arm 12 is parallel to the side surfaces of the outer cylinder 8 and the inner cylinder 9, and the steel column 13 is vertically inserted.
The steel column is spacing between inner tube and outer sleeve, and the steel column is pegged graft perpendicularly, the purpose is for it is when maintaining, resume the position in the inner tube more easily, if directly deviate from the overcoat, not only occupy great space, and be difficult to reply, on the other hand, select the spring to be memory alloy spring, the purpose is also for utilizing memory alloy's superstrong restoring force, make after the shock attenuation, the spring can accurately resume to initial condition and position, make the steel column when inserting the inner tube, divide the spring smoothly. The superelastic properties of shape memory alloys have many advantages over other common metallic materials: firstly, the superelasticity fatigue property of the shape memory alloy is good, and other materials are inevitably damaged in circulation, so that the service life is influenced; secondly, the shape memory alloy has a large recoverable strain value, which is difficult to realize by common metal materials; finally, because the austenite modulus of elasticity is greater than the martensite modulus of elasticity, the shape memory alloy modulus of elasticity increases with increasing temperature (as opposed to common metals), which allows it to maintain a high modulus of elasticity at higher temperatures. Thus, the spring portion of the device can be made of a shape memory alloy.
The use method of the graded shock absorber in each scheme is as follows:
the two steel plates of the first steel plate group 1 slide along the inner wall of the second steel plate group 2 until the wedges 3 contact with the end part of the first steel plate group 1 to compress the springs so as to move the wedges 3 connected with the springs into the accommodating holes, the wedges 3 slide along with the first steel plate group 1 until the wedges 3 are popped out from the wedge fixing holes 6 of the second steel plate group 2, the first steel plate group 1 is fixed and does not slide any more, the fixing shaft 14 on the first steel plate group 1 slides along with the first steel plate group 1, in the sliding process, the L-shaped steel arm 11 connected with the first steel plate group gradually deforms, and causes the other L-shaped steel arm 11 connected with the first steel plate group to gradually deform, the L-shaped steel arm 11 deforms to drive the lifting arm 12 to lift upwards, and the lifting arm 12 drives the steel column 13 connected with the lifting arm to lift upwards so as to connect the divided springs;
the lifting arm 12 is parallel to the side surfaces of the outer sleeve 8 and the inner sleeve 9, the steel column 13 is vertically inserted, and when the lifting arm 12 is lifted upwards, the steel column 13 is driven to be separated from the limiting hole on the inner sleeve 9 and limited between the inner sleeve 9 and the outer sleeve 8 by the limiting hole of the outer sleeve 8.
The wedge 3 is extruded to be retracted from the wedge fixing hole 6, the first steel plate group 1 is pulled outwards and slides along the inner wall of the second steel plate group 2, the fixing shaft 14 on the first steel plate group 1 slides outwards along the first steel plate group 1, in the sliding process, the L-shaped steel arm 11 connected with the fixing shaft gradually deforms, and causes the other L-shaped steel arm 11 connected with the fixing shaft to gradually deform, the L-shaped steel arm 11 deforms to drive the lifting arm 12 to fall downwards, and the lifting arm 12 drives the steel column 13 connected with the lifting arm 12 to fall downwards until the steel column 13 divides the spring 10 made of the memory alloy by the notch of the spring 10.
In a specific embodiment, the purpose of the disclosure is to reduce the influence of vibration on the structure, and a damper is added at a non-bearing part of a building to achieve the purposes of energy consumption and shock absorption by utilizing the characteristic of passive energy consumption, so as to reduce the damage of the structure. The technical scheme is realized as follows: a graded shock absorber is provided, wherein an SMA spring and a metal force arm are added in the structure, so that the device consumes energy by friction under the action of small deformation and consumes energy by the spring under the action of large deformation. When the device has no external force, as shown in figure 1, as shown in figure 4, the structure is small, deformation and vibration only have C-D section friction energy consumption, and A-B section does not work. As shown in fig. 2, the steel plate (the first steel plate group) with the triangular wedge is driven to move by the large deformation vibration of the structure, the triangular wedge can move under the expansion and contraction action of the spring, the steel plate with the triangular wedge slides along the inner wall of the other steel plate (the second steel plate group), until the wedge enters the wedge fixing hole of the other steel plate, the spring returns to the original shape, and the wedge is clamped at the fixing hole. The present disclosure relates to four steel arms, two steel arms are crossed and connected to a cross point (i.e. corresponding to the L-shaped steel arm in the previous embodiment, the cross point is a shaft connection end) by a connection shaft, the connection shaft is fixed to a steel plate with a triangular wedge, the other two steel arms are also crossed and connected to the cross point by a connection shaft, the connection shaft is connected to the other steel plate, and the free ends of the two groups of crossed steel arms are crossed and connected to form a diamond-shaped steel arm; the connecting shaft is connected with the group of crossed steel arms on the other steel plate in a shaft mode, the two steel arms extend out at the crossed point, the tail end of the extending end of the connecting shaft is connected with a cross arm, and the cross arm is connected with the steel column. The steel plate with the triangular wedge drives the rhombic steel arm to move, meanwhile, the rhombic steel arm moves to drive the cylindrical body arm of the strip steel to rotate around the bolt, the steel cylinder can be pulled out, the restoring force of the A-B section starting working spring can enable the steel cylinder to move in the sleeve with the hole, the energy is dissipated by the restoring force of the spring, the triangular wedge can be manually pressed down by the steel plate with the triangular wedge after the earthquake to enable the steel plate to reset, and the steel plate can be pulled to reset to the original position. Fig. 3 shows that the inner and outer sleeves with holes are cylinders in cylindrical shapes, the springs are directly placed in the cylinders to enable the springs to move just in the cylinders, the springs are placed in sections as shown in fig. 1, the smooth surfaces of the steel cylinders are beneficial to being pulled out better, and the depth of the steel cylinders inserted into the cylinders is proper, so that the steel cylinders cannot be pulled out under the action of small vibration. The effect that this is disclosed can alleviate the influence that vibrations brought to the device is simple easily to the mode that the operation can be connected through the equipment, and it is convenient and convenient to dismantle and repair and daily maintenance after the convenience shakes, can wide application in civil engineering field, can bring huge economic benefits and social.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A graded shock absorber with a memory alloy spring is characterized by comprising a sliding shock absorber, a spring shock absorber and a connecting piece for connecting the sliding shock absorber and the spring shock absorber, wherein the spring in the spring shock absorber is prepared from a memory alloy;
the spring shock absorber comprises an outer sleeve and an inner cylinder; the outer sleeve is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder, the bottom surface of one side of the outer sleeve is not closed, the inner cylinder is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with the diameter smaller than that of the outer sleeve, the bottom surface of one side of the inner cylinder is not closed, the inner cylinder is placed in the outer sleeve from the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder to the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve, a distance is reserved between the non-closed bottom surface of the inner cylinder and the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the closed surface of the inner cylinder and the closed surface of the;
the sliding damper comprises a first steel plate group and a second steel plate group;
the first steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates, wedge containing holes which enable the wedges to move along the telescopic direction of springs connecting the two wedges are symmetrically arranged on the two steel plates in a penetrating manner, and the wedges connected by the springs are positioned in the wedge containing holes;
the second steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates, the distance between the two parallel steel plates of the second steel plate group allows the first steel plate group to slide along the inner wall of the second steel plate group, the two parallel steel plates of the second steel plate group are symmetrically provided with wedge fixing holes through which the wedges are ejected, and an axle hole is arranged behind the wedge fixing holes along the sliding direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711358208.0A CN108049516B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading shock absorber with memory alloy spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710348989.9A CN107419814B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading damper |
| CN201711358208.0A CN108049516B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading shock absorber with memory alloy spring |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710348989.9A Division CN107419814B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading damper |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108049516A CN108049516A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
| CN108049516B true CN108049516B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711358208.0A Active CN108049516B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading shock absorber with memory alloy spring |
| CN201811215973.1A Active CN108999308B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Sliding shock absorber of grading shock absorber |
| CN201811215288.9A Active CN109208775B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Spring damper of grading damper |
| CN201811216048.0A Active CN108999309B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Connecting piece of grading shock absorber |
| CN201710348989.9A Expired - Fee Related CN107419814B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading damper |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811215973.1A Active CN108999308B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Sliding shock absorber of grading shock absorber |
| CN201811215288.9A Active CN109208775B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Spring damper of grading damper |
| CN201811216048.0A Active CN108999309B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Connecting piece of grading shock absorber |
| CN201710348989.9A Expired - Fee Related CN107419814B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Grading damper |
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| CN109518817A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-26 | 大连大学 | The spring damper of combined isolation support |
| CN113123479A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 河北工业大学 | Friction unit and self-resetting type three-series friction energy dissipation supporting structure |
| CN114261345A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-01 | 河北九丛科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted electric lifting mechanism and system |
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2017
- 2017-05-17 CN CN201711358208.0A patent/CN108049516B/en active Active
- 2017-05-17 CN CN201811215973.1A patent/CN108999308B/en active Active
- 2017-05-17 CN CN201811215288.9A patent/CN109208775B/en active Active
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006265821A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-10-05 | Dooei Gaiso Kk | Joint device for wall surface |
| CN103541460A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-01-29 | 同济大学 | Novel tuned particle mass damper |
| CN203891201U (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-10-22 | 四川蓝天网架钢结构工程有限公司 | Large-span steel structure two-stage shock mount |
| CN106013496A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 山东兴华建设集团有限公司 | Shock-resistant reset supporting device |
| CN106401004A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | 山东大学 | Multidirectional rolling type vibration absorption damper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109208775A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN108999308A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
| CN108049516A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
| CN108999309A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
| CN107419814A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
| CN107419814B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN108999308B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
| CN108999309B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| CN109208775B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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