CN108048611A - A kind of system and method for no coal method production ferrochrome - Google Patents
A kind of system and method for no coal method production ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN108048611A CN108048611A CN201711327001.7A CN201711327001A CN108048611A CN 108048611 A CN108048611 A CN 108048611A CN 201711327001 A CN201711327001 A CN 201711327001A CN 108048611 A CN108048611 A CN 108048611A
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- gas
- combustion chamber
- shaft kiln
- based shaft
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of system and methods of no coal method production ferrochrome.A point stove is melted in feedstock pre-processing system, gas-based shaft kiln and the combustion gas that system includes setting gradually, wherein, the feedstock pre-processing system includes molding machine；The gas-based shaft kiln includes furnace body, combustion chamber and top gas and utilizes system, the furnace body is followed successively by feeding section, reduction section and discharging section from top to bottom, the reduction section is provided outside the combustion chamber, the one side of the feeding section is exported equipped with top gas, the discharging section is surrounded by several air inlets, the top gas outlet is connected with the top gas using the air inlet of the scrubbing tower of system, and the outlet of the scrubbing tower is connected with the top gas entrance of the combustion chamber and the air inlet of the furnace body；The metallized pellet entrance that the discharging section of the gas-based shaft kiln melts point stove with the combustion gas is connected.Present invention reduces ferrochrome smelting energy consumption, while low-phosphorous, low-sulfur ferrochrome can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the systems and side of ferrochrome technical field more particularly to a kind of no coal method production ferrochrome
Method.
Background technology
Ferrochrome is production stainless steel, the main Cr materials of steel alloy, and traditional ferrochrome smelting principle is carbon heat
Reduction method, reducing agent used is solid carbon materials, such as coal, semi-coke, coke powder, the key reaction of generation be：FeO+C=Fe
+CO；3Cr2O3+ 13C=2Cr3C2+9CO；Cr2O3+ 3C=2Cr+3CO.This method reaction temperature is higher, especially chromated oxide
Required reduction reaction temperature is at 1300 DEG C or more, therefore ferrochrome smelting energy consumption is higher.In addition, according to document introduction, ferrochrome
Phosphorus content more than 50% in product is both from solid carbon reducing agent, therefore, is all difficult to produce phosphorus all the time, sulphur contains
The especially low ferrochrome product of amount causes many steel mills needs when smelting to add the crome metal of costliness and ferrochrome conjunction simultaneously
Gold, it is ensured that chromium content is up to standard, and phosphorus content is not exceeded.
There is a kind of method for the ferrochrome for being used to directly from chromite production be suitable for steel-making, be that there is dry
The chromite powder aggregate of carbon dust additive is supplied to the natural gas, anti-under suitable reduction temperature as reducing agent
It answers in container, chromite is reduced using the natural gas after reformation.
Natural gas as reducing agent is mainly containing CO and H2Reforming natural gas, think CO and H2It can reduce simultaneously
Ferriferous oxide and chromated oxide, but actually CO and H2It can not but reduce chromium with reducing iron oxides under the described conditions
Oxide, therefore the technology can only promote the degree of metalization of iron and cannot improve the degree of metalization of chromium.
And above-mentioned technology still employs the practice of supplying carbon dust, can still bring the impurity such as a certain amount of sulphur, phosphorus into, and due to
Its main reaction mechanism is still for carbon thermal reduction, therefore, in order to reduce reaction temperature, is with the addition of basic salt as accelerating agent,
This kind of salt usually has stronger corrosivity, can shorten the service life of equipment.
Also using the method that chromite powder is reduced under the mixed gas solid conditions containing natural gas, nitrogen and hydrogen.
Its technological process is formerly to carry out prereduction to chromite powder using mixed gas, and then hot sending enters in mineral hot furnace, by matching somebody with somebody
Silica and coke is added to carry out deep reduction, so as to obtain high-carbon chrome alloy.According to reaction principle, natural gas (CH4) and ferrochrome in
Chromated oxide reaction, can generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in mixed gas the presence of hydrogen can inhibit the progress of reaction, it is unfavorable
In the reduction of chromated oxide.Therefore, it is still that deep reduction is carried out to the oxide of chromium by the coke in later stage mineral hot furnace.It adopts
Directly enter stove with fine ore, be easy to cause that solid particle in flue gas is more, reduce the utilization rate of chrome ore, aggravate fume treatment burden.
Therefore, in order to improve the chromium reduction rate of gas reduction chromite, the smelting energy consumption of ferrochrome is reduced, reduces ferrochrome
The phosphorus content and sulfur content of alloy product improve the quality of ferrochrome, realize no coalification production ferrochrome, reduce sulphur row
It puts, realizes the clean manufacturing of ferrochrome, it is necessary to propose a kind of technology of new production ferrochrome.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of no coal method produces the system and method for ferrochrome, to improve
The chromium reduction rate of gas reduction chromite reduces the smelting energy consumption of ferrochrome, reduces the phosphorus content and sulphur of ferrochrome product
Content improves the quality of ferrochrome, realizes no coalification production ferrochrome, reduces sulphur emissions, realize the cleaning of ferrochrome
Production.
The present invention provides a kind of system of no coal method production ferrochrome, including set gradually feedstock pre-processing system,
A point stove is melted in gas-based shaft kiln and combustion gas, wherein, the feedstock pre-processing system includes molding machine；The gas-based shaft kiln includes stove
Body, combustion chamber and top gas utilize system, and the furnace body is followed successively by feeding section, reduction section and discharging section from top to bottom, described to go back
Former section is provided outside the combustion chamber, and the one side of the feeding section is exported equipped with top gas, the top gas outlet and the stove
Top gas is connected using the air inlet of the scrubbing tower of system, the top gas entrance phase of the outlet and the combustion chamber of the scrubbing tower
Even, the discharging section is surrounded by several air inlets；The discharging section of the gas-based shaft kiln melts the metallization of point stove with the combustion gas
Pelletizing entrance is connected.
Above-mentioned system, the feedstock pre-processing system further include proportioner, mixing device and drying unit, it is described into
The proportioner and mixing device being connected are equipped with before type device, the drying unit, institute are equipped with after the molding machine
The outlet for stating drying unit is connected with the feeding section entrance of the gas-based shaft kiln.
Above-mentioned system, the combustion chamber further include gas inlet, air intake, flue gas outlet and heat exchanger, institute
The flue gas air inlet of heat exchanger is stated with the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber to be connected.
Above-mentioned system, the heat exchanger further include flue gas gas outlet, cold gas inlet and hot gas outlet, institute
The flue gas gas outlet of heat exchanger is stated with the drying gas entrance of the drying unit of the feedstock pre-processing system to be connected；The hot day
Gas inlet of the right gas outlet respectively with the air inlet of the furnace body and the combustion chamber is connected.
The method without coal method production ferrochrome is carried out using above system the present invention also provides a kind of, the described method includes
Following steps：
Chromite powder is molded to obtain chromite powder pelletizing；
The chromite powder pelletizing is sent into the gas-based shaft kiln conversion zone, promoting the circulation of qi base solid-state is tapped into also with natural gas straight
Original reaction；
The combustion chamber that generated top gas after reduction reaction is sent into the gas-based shaft kiln is burnt, and is the gas base
Shaft furnace provides the heat maintained needed for reaction temperature；
Generated natural gas after reduction reaction is sent into after heat exchanger heats in the furnace body of the gas-based shaft kiln, is improved
Heat transfer condition in the gas-based shaft kiln stove；
The metallized pellet of gained after reduction is sent into the combustion gas and melts a point stove progress slag sluicing system, obtains ferrochrome.
Above-mentioned method is further included before the shaping：Chromite powder is subjected to dispensing with additive, binding agent and is mixed
Material, dispensing is according to chromite powder：Additive：Binding agent：The mass ratio of water is 100 parts：10-25 parts：3-5 parts：6-10 parts match somebody with somebody
Than carrying out.
Above-mentioned method further includes after the shaping：Using the flue gas of gas-based shaft kiln combustion chamber discharge to institute
Chromite powder pelletizing is stated to be dried.
Above-mentioned method, the reduction reaction temperature in the gas-based shaft kiln is 1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C, and the reduction reaction time is
When 6-8 is small；The combustion gas melts point stove and slag sluicing system is carried out at a temperature of 1550 DEG C -1600 DEG C.
Above-mentioned method, the method further include：
The natural gas for being passed through the combustion chamber is heated using the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber；
The air inlet of natural gas from the gas-based shaft kiln after the heating of the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber is blown into, is made described
Into the conversion zone and the chromite powder pelletizing reduction reaction occurs for natural gas；
After the reduction reaction of the conversion zone starts, top gas is passed through to the combustion chamber, while according to furnace temperature situation
The amount of being blown into of natural gas in the combustion chamber is gradually decreased with top gas growing amount until being fired completely using the top gas
It burns.
The present invention improves the chromium reduction rate of gas reduction chromite, reduces the smelting energy consumption of ferrochrome, reduces
The phosphorus content and sulfur content of ferrochrome product improve the quality of ferrochrome, realize no coalification production ferrochrome, subtract
Few sulphur emissions realize the clean manufacturing of ferrochrome.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flowage structure schematic diagram that the present invention produces ferrochrome without coal method.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy
The advantages of enough more fully understanding the solution of the present invention and various aspects.However, specific embodiments described below and implementation
Example is for illustrative purposes only rather than limitation of the present invention.
System of the present invention without coal method production ferrochrome, main feedstock pre-processing system 1, the gas base for including setting gradually
Point stove 3 is melted in shaft furnace 2 and combustion gas.
Wherein, the feedstock pre-processing system, including proportioner 10, mixing device 11, molding machine 12 and drying
Device 13.These certain equipment are not all necessary settings, can increase as the case may be except molding machine 12.The shaping
The proportioner 10 being connected and mixing device 11 are equipped with before device 12, the drying is equipped with after the molding machine 12 and is filled
13 are put, the outlet of the drying unit 13 is connected with 201 entrance of feeding section of the gas-based shaft kiln 2.Fine iron breeze and binding agent
Through proportioner 10, mixing device 11 is sent into after dispensing, adds water mixing, obtain mixture, the mixture is sent into molding machine
12 are molded, and obtained fine iron breeze green pellets, fine iron breeze green pellets is re-fed into drying unit 13 and is dried, the baking
Equipment for drying 13 is using gas drying.Used drying gas can be the flue gas that gas-based shaft kiln combustion chamber 21 is discharged, with reality
The UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of existing gas-based shaft kiln flue gas.
The gas-based shaft kiln 2 utilizes system 22 including furnace body 20, combustion chamber 21 and top gas.The furnace body 20 on to
Under be followed successively by feeding section 201, reduction section 202 and discharging section 203.201 one side of feeding section set there are one top gas export, institute
It states top gas outlet with top gas using the air inlet of the scrubbing tower 221 of system 22 to be connected, the outlet and combustion of the scrubbing tower 221
The top gas entrance for burning room 21 is connected, and the reduction section 202 is provided outside combustion chamber 21.The discharging section 203 is surrounded by number
A air inlet, for being passed through the natural gas as also Primordial Qi.The discharging section 203 of the gas-based shaft kiln melts point stove 3 with the combustion gas
Metallized pellet entrance be connected.
The combustion chamber 21 is located at outside reduction section 202, including gas inlet, air intake, top gas entrance, flue gas
Outlet, heat exchanger 211.
The gas inlet is used to be passed through the natural gas as fuel before starting the reaction, it is made to be put with air burning
Heat, heating furnace body make the reduction section of furnace body reach reaction temperature.After reaction starts, open top gas entrance, make top gas with
Air burning heat release maintains the reaction temperature of gas-based shaft kiln furnace body reduction section.
The heat exchanger 211 include flue gas air inlet, flue gas gas outlet, cold gas inlet, hot gas outlet,
The flue gas air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber.The flue gas of the heat exchanger 211 goes out
Gas port can be connected with the drying gas entrance of the drying unit 13 of feedstock pre-processing system.The hot gas outlet and furnace body 20
Air inlet is connected with the gas inlet of combustion chamber 21.Furnace body conversion zone is sent into using the natural gas after preheating, is conducive to improve
Heat transfer condition in stove to ensure the temperature of conversion zone, and reduces energy consumption.
The gas access that point stove 3 is melted in the combustion gas exports respectively with the top gas of natural gas line and the gas-based shaft kiln 2
It is connected.
The combustion gas melts point stove 3 and fuelled with natural gas can be used, and the top gas generated after gas-based shaft kiln 2 reacts can also be used
Make fuel with the mixed gas of natural gas.
The system of above-mentioned no coal method production ferrochrome, whole process is using this clean energy resource of natural gas, in production process, day
The effect that right gas uses simultaneously as reducing agent and combustion gas improves the effective rate of utilization of natural gas.
The method without coal method production ferrochrome is carried out using above system, is comprised the following steps：
Chromite powder, additive, binding agent, water are pressed into chromite powder:Additive:Binding agent:Water quality is than 100 parts:10-
25 parts:3-5 parts:It after 6-10 parts of proportioning mixing, is molded, dried, obtain dry chromite powder pelletizing.The chromite
Silica or dolomite can be added in powder ball polymers as additive, the additive is mainly used for adjusting in chromite powder aggregate
Slag system form and improve the reaction rate of gas and chromite aggregate reaction, the slag system after adjustment in chromite powder aggregate
Composition meets MgO/Al2O3Mass ratio be 1-1.1, (MgO+CaO)/SiO2Mass ratio for 0.8-0.9, with afterflame after guarantee
Gas melts the slag gold separation of point stove.Using one or both of bentonite or starch as binding agent, for ensureing chromite powder
There is certain intensity after shaping.Compression strength is reacted not less than 500N with reducing it in gas-based shaft kiln after chromite powder shaping
The Dust Capacity generated in the process.
Dry chromite powder pelletizing is sent into gas-based shaft kiln conversion zone, with natural gas (CH4Account for more than 95%) directly into
Promoting the circulation of qi base solid-state synthsis, reaction principle is as shown in formula.
Cr2O3+13/3CH4(g)=2/3Cr3C2+3CO(g)+26/3H2(g),
ΔGθ=837.6-0.988T (kJ/mol), TBegin=850 DEG C
Cr2O3+3CH4(g)=2Cr+3CO (g)+6H2(g)
ΔGθ=818-0.833T (kJ/mol), TBegin=930 DEG C
FeO+4/3CH4(g)=1/3Fe3C+CO(g)+8/3H2(g),
ΔGθ=189.1-0.295T (kJ/mol), TBegin=650 DEG C
FeO+CH4(g)=Fe+CO (g)+2H2(g),
ΔGθ=160.8-0.256T (kJ/mol), TBegin=650 DEG C
The reaction temperature of the gas base solid-state synthsis is 1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C, reaction time about 6-8h.The reaction
Temperature range is less than the temperature (1300 DEG C or more) needed for using carbothermy direct-reduction chromite, greatly reduces energy consumption, phase
Compared with ferrochrome pit coal base prereduction-mineral hot furnace method (energy consumption about 800kgec/t ferrochrome), ferrochrome per ton can reduce energy consumption 30kgec-
40kgec.Meanwhile therefore the temperature range, can greatly improve chromite far above the theoretical temperatures needed for reduction reaction
Reduction rate, improve ferrochrome and roll into a ball degree of metalization in the block.Using the degree of metalization of iron in the ferrochrome agglomerate of production method production
Not less than 92%, chromium degree of metalization is not less than 85%.
Generated CO, H after reduction reaction2、CO2、H2The combustion chamber that the top gas of O is sent into gas-based shaft kiln carries out burning confession
Heat provides the heat maintained needed for reaction temperature, fuel gas CO, H in the mixed gas for gas-based shaft kiln2Volume content
In 85%-95%.
The method of the no coal method production ferrochrome, produces the required amount of natural gas of 1t chromite metallized pellets
250-300Nm3。
Metallized pellet feeding combustion gas obtained by after reduction melts point stove and carries out slag sluicing system at 1550 DEG C -1600 DEG C, obtains
To ferrochrome.Since entire technique is participated in without the solids carbon such as coal reducing agent, the carbon of gained ferrochrome product contains
For amount less than 4%, phosphorus content and sulfur content are respectively less than 0.02%, advantageously reduce the decarburization of follow-up stainless steel smelting, dephosphorization and de-
Sulphur analysis.
The present invention can heat the natural gas for being passed through the combustion chamber using the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber.
The present invention can blow the air inlet of natural gas from the gas-based shaft kiln after the heating of the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber
Enter, make the natural gas that reduction reaction occur into the conversion zone and the chromite powder pelletizing.
The present invention can be passed through top gas, while basis after the reduction reaction of the conversion zone starts to the combustion chamber
Furnace temperature situation and top gas growing amount gradually decrease the amount of being blown into of natural gas in the combustion chamber until using the furnace roof completely
Gas burns.
In short, the present invention realizes all natural gas production ferrochrome, reduced without using the solids such as any coal or coke carbon
Agent reduces sulphur emissions, realizes the clean manufacturing of ferrochrome, and has obtained the pure chromium of phosphorus, sulfur content less than 0.02%
Ferroalloy productor.
Present invention reduces chromite reduction temperatures, greatly reduce ferrochrome smelting energy consumption, and ton ferrochrome smelting energy consumption about drops
Low 30-40kgec.
The present invention improves the reduction rate of chromite, has obtained chromium degree of metalization in 85%-92%, ferrous metal rate exists
The metallized pellet of 92%-95%.
Embodiment one
Natural gas is passed through into combustion chamber and air burns, heats gas-based shaft kiln, controls furnace body conversion zone temperature
In the range of 1100 DEG C.By certain granularity in 200 mesh chromite powder (Cr/Fe=1.42, MgO/Al2O3=1.2) 100 parts, binding agent
5 parts of (bentonite) and 10 parts of additive (Cab-O-sil) after 6 parts of mixings of mixing device plus water, obtains mixture, is sent into pelletizing
Shaping obtains the bead that granularity is 3-8mm, is sent into drying device drying.Dried chromite pelletizing compression strength is 500N,
It is conveyed in the feed hopper on gas-based shaft kiln top, is sent into from gas-based shaft kiln furnace roof in gas-based shaft kiln, at the same time, through heat exchanger
The air inlet of natural gas from gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom after heating is blown into, and is reacted into conversion zone and chromite pelletizing.Reaction
After beginning, the top gas air inlet of combustion chamber is opened, is passed through top gas, CO+H in top gas2Volume content about 85%, while root
According to furnace temperature situation and top gas growing amount, the amount of being blown into of natural gas in combustion chamber is gradually decreased to burning completely using top gas.
After reacting 6h, gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom discharging section is opened, releases metallized pellet, during discharging, is remained at air inlet and is passed through heat
State natural gas for ensureing that metallized pellet is not oxidized, while reduces in-furnace temperature loss.Natural gas is not reduced at this time
Reaction, is discharged by furnace roof through gas outlet, burnt into combustion chamber.The metallized pellet of gained after analysis reaction, chromium gold
Belong to rate average out to 85%, ferrous metal rate average out to 92%, MgO/Al2O3Mass ratio for 1.1, (MgO+CaO)/SiO2's
Mass ratio is 0.8, uses amount of natural gas about 250Nm3.Finally by metallized pellet feeding combustion gas melt a point stove, 1550 DEG C-
Slag sluicing system is carried out at a temperature of 1600 DEG C, gained ferrochrome carbon content is less than 4%, chromium content about 53%, phosphorus content, sulfur content
Less than 0.02%, ton ferrochrome energy consumption reduces 40kgec.
Embodiment two
Natural gas is passed through into combustion chamber and air burns, heats gas-based shaft kiln, controls furnace body conversion zone temperature
In the range of 1200 DEG C.By certain granularity in 200 100 parts of mesh chromite powders (Cr/Fe=2.1, MgO/Al2O3=1.0), binding agent
3 parts (1 part of 2 parts of bentonite and starch) and 25 parts of additive (10 parts of Cab-O-sil, 15 parts of dolomite dust) add water 10 in mixing device
After part mixing, mixture is obtained, is sent into pelletizing shaping, obtains the bead that granularity is 3-8mm, feeding drying device drying.It is dry
Chromite pelletizing compression strength afterwards is 550N, is conveyed in the feed hopper on gas-based shaft kiln top, is sent from gas-based shaft kiln furnace roof
Enter in gas-based shaft kiln, simultaneously, the air inlet of natural gas from gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom after heat exchanger heats is blown into, into anti-
Section is answered to react with chromite pelletizing, after reaction starts, the top gas air inlet of combustion chamber is opened, is passed through top gas, furnace roof
CO+H in gas2Volume content about 95%, while according to furnace temperature situation and top gas growing amount, gradually decrease natural in combustion chamber
The amount of being blown into of gas using top gas to being burnt completely.After reacting 7h, gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom discharging section is opened, releases metallization ball
Group during discharging, remains at air inlet and is passed through hot natural gas.For ensureing that metallized pellet is not oxidized, reduce simultaneously
In-furnace temperature loses, and natural gas does not carry out reduction reaction at this time, is discharged by furnace roof through gas outlet, burnt into combustion chamber.
The metallized pellet of gained after analysis reaction, chromium degree of metalization average out to 88.5%, ferrous metal rate average out to 93.5%,
MgO/Al2O3Mass ratio for 1.0, (MgO+CaO)/SiO2Mass ratio for 0.9, use amount of natural gas about 280Nm3.Finally
A point stove is melted into metallized pellet feeding combustion gas, slag sluicing system, gained ferrochrome carbon content are carried out in 1550 DEG C of -1600 DEG C of temperature
Less than 4%, chromium content about 60%, phosphorus content, sulfur content are less than 0.02%, and ton ferrochrome energy consumption reduces 30kgec.
Embodiment three
Natural gas is passed through into combustion chamber and air burns, heats gas-based shaft kiln, controls furnace body conversion zone temperature
In the range of 1300 DEG C.By certain granularity in 200 100 parts of mesh chromite powders (Cr/Fe=1.5, MgO/Al2O3=1.1), binding agent
3 parts (starch) and 15 parts of additive (Cab-O-sil) obtain mixture after mixing device adds 8 parts of mixings of water, be sent into pelletizing into
Type obtains the bead that granularity is 3-8mm, is sent into drying device drying.Dried chromite pelletizing compression strength is 600N, will
It is transported in the feed hopper on gas-based shaft kiln top, is sent into from gas-based shaft kiln furnace roof in gas-based shaft kiln, simultaneously, through heat exchanger plus
The air inlet of natural gas from gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom after heat is blown into, and is reacted into conversion zone and chromite pelletizing, reaction is opened
After beginning, the top gas air inlet of combustion chamber is opened, is passed through top gas, CO+H in top gas2Volume content about 90%, while root
According to furnace temperature situation and top gas growing amount, the amount of being blown into of natural gas in combustion chamber is gradually decreased to burning completely using top gas.
After reacting 8h, gas-based shaft kiln furnace bottom discharging section is opened, releases metallized pellet, during discharging, is remained at air inlet and is passed through heat
State natural gas for ensureing that metallized pellet is not oxidized, while reduces in-furnace temperature loss.Natural gas is not reduced at this time
Reaction, is discharged by furnace roof through gas outlet, burnt into combustion chamber.The metallized pellet of gained after analysis reaction, chromium gold
Belong to rate average out to 92%, ferrous metal rate average out to 95%, MgO/Al2O3Mass ratio for 1.05, (MgO+CaO)/SiO2's
Mass ratio is 0.85, uses amount of natural gas about 300Nm3.Finally by metallized pellet feeding combustion gas melt a point stove, 1550 DEG C-
1600 DEG C of temperature carry out slag sluicing system, and gained ferrochrome carbon content is less than 4%, and chromium content about 56%, phosphorus content, sulfur content are small
In 0.02%, ton ferrochrome energy consumption reduces 35kgec.
Traditional coal-based direct reduction-mineral hot furnace depth reducing process carries out chromite at a temperature of 1350-1400 DEG C
Coal-based direct reduction, the degree of metalization of the chromium of the metallized pellet of gained is generally in 30%-80%, after mineral hot furnace deeply reduction,
Carbon content is generally in 6%-8%, and phosphorus content, sulfur content are generally all between 0.03%-0.06%, the lower harmful member of step process removing
Plain load weight.
And the entire technique of the present invention is participated in without the solids carbon such as coal reducing agent, therefore the carbon of gained ferrochrome product contains
For amount less than 4%, phosphorus content and sulfur content are respectively less than 0.02%, advantageously reduce the decarburization of follow-up stainless steel smelting, dephosphorization and de-
Sulphur analysis.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, the above embodiment is merely an example for clearly illustrating the present invention, and simultaneously
The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out other various forms of variations or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus drawn
The obvious changes or variations that Shen goes out is still in the protection scope of this invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of system of no coal method production ferrochrome, which is characterized in that including feedstock pre-processing system, the gas set gradually
A point stove is melted in base shaft furnace and combustion gas, wherein,
The feedstock pre-processing system includes molding machine；
The gas-based shaft kiln includes furnace body, combustion chamber and top gas and utilizes system,
The furnace body is followed successively by feeding section, reduction section and discharging section from top to bottom,
The reduction section is provided outside the combustion chamber, and the one side of the feeding section is exported equipped with top gas, the discharging section four
It is equipped with several air inlets week, the top gas outlet is connected with the top gas using the air inlet of the scrubbing tower of system, described
The outlet of scrubbing tower is connected with the top gas entrance of the combustion chamber and the air inlet of the furnace body；
The metallized pellet entrance that the discharging section of the gas-based shaft kiln melts point stove with the combustion gas is connected.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedstock pre-processing system further includes proportioner, mixes
Expect device and drying unit, the proportioner and mixing device being connected, the shaping dress are equipped with before the molding machine
It postpones equipped with the drying unit, the outlet of the drying unit is connected with the feeding section entrance of the gas-based shaft kiln.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the combustion chamber further include gas inlet, air intake,
Flue gas exports and heat exchanger, and the flue gas air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that it is right that the heat exchanger further includes flue gas gas outlet, cold day
Gas entrance and hot gas outlet, the flue gas gas outlet of the heat exchanger and the drying unit of the feedstock pre-processing system
Drying gas entrance is connected；The hot gas outlet respectively with the air inlet of the furnace body and the gas inlet of the combustion chamber
It is connected.
5. a kind of carry out the method without coal method production ferrochrome using system described in Claims 1-4 4, which is characterized in that institute
The method of stating comprises the following steps：
Chromite powder is molded to obtain chromite powder pelletizing；
The chromite powder pelletizing is sent into the gas-based shaft kiln conversion zone, it is anti-to tap into promoting the circulation of qi base solid state reduction with natural gas straight
It should；
The combustion chamber that generated top gas after reduction reaction is sent into the gas-based shaft kiln is burnt, and is the gas-based shaft kiln
The heat maintained needed for reaction temperature is provided；
Generated natural gas after reduction reaction is sent into after heat exchanger heats in the furnace body of the gas-based shaft kiln, described in improvement
Heat transfer condition in gas-based shaft kiln stove；
The metallized pellet of gained after reduction is sent into the combustion gas and melts a point stove progress slag sluicing system, obtains ferrochrome.
6. it according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, is further included before the shaping：
Chromite powder and additive, binding agent are subjected to dispensing and batch mixing, dispensing is according to chromite powder：Additive：Binding agent：Water
Mass ratio be 100 parts：10-25 parts：3-5 parts：6-10 parts of proportioning carries out.
7. it according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, is further included after the shaping：
The flue gas discharged using the gas-based shaft kiln combustion chamber dries the chromite powder pelletizing.
8. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the reduction reaction temperature in the gas-based shaft kiln is 1100
DEG C -1300 DEG C, the reduction reaction time for 6-8 it is small when；The combustion gas melts point stove and slag iron point is carried out at a temperature of 1550 DEG C -1600 DEG C
From.
9. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the method further includes：
The natural gas for being passed through the combustion chamber is heated using the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber；
The air inlet of natural gas from the gas-based shaft kiln after the heating of the heat exchanger of the combustion chamber is blown into, is made described natural
Into the conversion zone and the chromite powder pelletizing reduction reaction occurs for gas；
After the reduction reaction of the conversion zone starts, top gas is passed through to the combustion chamber, while according to furnace temperature situation and stove
Top gas growing amount gradually decreases the amount of being blown into of natural gas in the combustion chamber until burning completely using the top gas.
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| CN109536703A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | A kind of ferrochrome smelting device and technique |
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| CN109536703A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | A kind of ferrochrome smelting device and technique |
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