CN108047210A - 一种均三嗪分子探针及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种均三嗪分子探针及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN108047210A
CN108047210A CN201711472662.9A CN201711472662A CN108047210A CN 108047210 A CN108047210 A CN 108047210A CN 201711472662 A CN201711472662 A CN 201711472662A CN 108047210 A CN108047210 A CN 108047210A
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王志玲
匡轩
崔玉
孙旭
张勇
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种均三嗪分子探针及其制备方法和应用,属于分析化学技术领域。本发明所述的分子探针由三聚氰氯和4‑氨基‑1,2,4‑三氮唑一步反应制得。该制备方法,易操作,原料成本低廉,反应过程容易控制,产品纯化处理简单,收率高,纯度高。该分子探针不仅应用于有机溶剂中Cu(II)离子含量的检测,还可目视定性检测。在分析检测领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种均三嗪分子探针及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明一种均三嗪基分子探针及其制备方法,属于分析化学技术领域。
背景技术
重金属污染一直以来都备受关注。常见的污染成分之一金属铜,主要来源于工业三废、汽车尾气、农药化肥等,其离子存在形式主要为二价铜离子。对人体而言, 铜是体内重要的微量元素,铜离子对于维持和调节机体正常代谢都起着至关重要的作用,但浓度过高会扰乱生命系统的正常活动而使细胞中毒,引起严重的铜代谢障碍疾病,例如,威尔逊氏症、阿尔茨海默症、 家族性肌萎缩侧索硬化症、 帕金森综合症等;鉴于铜对人类健康、生态系统和食品安全方面产生的巨大危害,我国国标规定下列食品中铜含量不能超过:粮食10mg/kg、豆类 20mg/kg、蔬菜 10mg/kg、水果 10mg/kg、肉类 10mg/kg、水产类 50mg/kg、豆类 5mg/kg (GB5009.13);美国环境保护局规定饮用水中铜离子的含量,不能超过20μM。因此,对日常食物、 土壤及水体等生活环境中的铜离子进行安全检测具有重要意义。
近年来,检测铜离子的探针不断出现,目前常用的检测铜离子方法有原子吸收法、电化学方法、 元素分析及等离子体-质谱等方法, 但在运用这些检测方法时, 往往存在对样品的预处理比较复杂、 耗时长等问题。荧光分析检测方法能够基本克服上述问题, 具有快速简便、检测灵敏等特点。因此, 探索一种制备方法简单,且原料成本低廉,具有工业应用前景的铜离子探针的制备方法,且具有检测灵敏度高、响应快、选择性好等优点的检测方法,应用前景广阔。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术任务之一是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种分子探针及其制备方法,该制备方法简单,且原料成本低廉,具有工业应用前景。
本发明的技术任务之二是提供该分子探针的用途,该化合物具有良好的稳定性,对金属铜离子响应时间短,且不存在共存离子影响检测,检测仪器成本低、分析效率高、操作方便,操作技术要求低。
本发明技术方案如下:
1.一种均三嗪基分子探针,该分子探针由三聚氰氯和4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑一步反应制得,具有如下所示结构:
2. 一种均三嗪基分子探针的制备方法,制备步骤如下:
向50-60 mL水中,加入0.031-0.033 mol的4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑、0.032-0.035 mol碳酸钠,冰浴搅拌10 min后,在5-10 min滴加三聚氰氯溶液,100 ℃,搅拌8-10小时,冷却到室温,抽滤,用2-5℃水洗涤三次,70 ℃干燥,制得均三嗪基荧光探针,产率92-95%;
所述三聚氰氯溶液,是0.01 mol三聚氰氯溶于20-30 mL的 1,4-二氧六环得到的混合溶液。
所述三聚氰氯和4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑在当地化学试剂公司购买。
3. 如上所述的均三嗪基分子探针作为检测铜(II)离子的应用
(1)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶解分子探针,配成分子探针DMF储备液,该储备液为无色;准确称取铜盐溶于DMF中,配成铜盐DMF储备液;
所述铜盐,选自下列之一:硝酸铜、氯化铜和硫酸铜;
用分子探针DMF储备液和铜盐DMF储备液及DMF溶剂,配制探分子探针和铜盐浓度分别为3.3×10-10 — 3.0×10-2 mol/L系列混合液,在日光条件下,该系列溶液随浓度的增加,颜色由浅黄逐渐增强至浅绿色,表明分子探针对铜(II)离子可进行目视定性检测,是一种具有生色传感功能的荧光探针;
(2)准确量取铜盐DMF储备液,用DMF稀释至2μmol/L;准确量取分子探针DMF储备液,用DMF稀释至2 μmol/L;将两溶液等体积共混,铜(II)离子和探针分子浓度均为1 μmol/L。
吸收光谱在TU-1901型紫外-可见分光光度计上测量,扫描范围为200-600 nm;
荧光光谱在岛津PF-3501PC荧光分光光度计上测量,激发波长为426 nm;
在25℃下,每隔一段时间,在426nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度, 反应7min后, 反应液在501 nm处的荧光强度不再改变,表明本发明分子探针能在短时间内快速检测Cu(II)离子。
(3)分别准确量取(2)中的铜盐DMF和分子探针DMF储备液,用DMF稀释,等体积充分混合,配制探针分子和Cu(II)离子浓度均为1.0×10-9 mol/L— 1.0×10-2 mol/L的系列混合液,在25℃下反应7 min后,在426 nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度;荧光探针与不同浓度的Cu(II)离子反应后,荧光强度在501nm处大大增强,且随着Cu(II)离子浓度由1.0×10-9 mol/L—1.0×10-2 mol/L增加,荧光强度逐渐增强;表明本发明荧光探针可作为Cu(II)离子定性或定量检测的分子探针;
所述铜盐,选自下列之一:硝酸铜、氯化铜和硫酸铜。
(4)向系列2.0×10-3 mol/L分子探针DMF溶液中,分别加入等体积2.0×10-3 mol/L金属离子DMF溶液;荧光探针和金属离子终浓度始终为1.0×10-3 mol/L;所述金属离子,对应的盐如下:Cu(NO3)2、Pt(NO3)2、Zn(NO3)2、 K NO3、Na NO3、Li NO3、Ni(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3、Cr(NO3)3、Cd(NO3)2、Mg(NO3)2、Ca(NO3)2、Mn(NO3)2、NH4 NO3、Hg(NO3)2
在25℃下反应7 min后,在426 nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度,研究荧光探针与不同金属离子相互作用性质;
荧光探针和Cu(II)离子在501 nm处的荧光强度为452;荧光探针和其它金属离子在501nm处的荧光强度不超过70,表明荧光探针对Cu(II)离子表现出优异的选择性。
本发明有益的技术效果:
(1)本发明分子探针的制备方法简单,易于纯化,原料价格低廉。
(2)本发明公开的分子探针,由于三嗪环与邻位三个亚胺基以及三氮唑基形成大的共轭体系,对二价铜离子进行快速检测,选择性好,抗其他金属离子干扰能力强;测试样品无需前处理;对金属铜离子响应时间短,因此,可方便检测有机溶剂中的Cu(II)离子。
(3)本发明公开的分子探针,在DMF溶液中为无色溶液,但与二价铜离子作用后,溶液荧光信号明显增强,是一种具有生色传感功能的荧光探针,对样品可进行目视定性检测。
(4)本发明公开的分子探针,具有良好的化学稳定性,热分解温度在200℃以上,满足荧光探针使用要求。
(5) 本发明的铜离子荧光探针,灵敏度高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明的内容,下面结合具体实施例对本发明的内容作进一步地说明, 但本发明的保护内容不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1一种均三嗪基分子探针的制备方法
向50 mL水中,加入0.031 mol的4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑、0.032 mol 碳酸钠,冰浴搅拌10 min后,在5 min滴加三聚氰氯溶液,100 ℃,搅拌8小时,冷却到室温,抽滤,用2℃水洗涤三次,70 ℃干燥,制得均三嗪基荧光探针,产率92-%;
所述三聚氰氯溶液,是0.01 mol三聚氰氯溶于20 mL的 1,4-二氧六环得到的混合溶液。
实施例2一种均三嗪基分子探针的制备方法
向60 mL水中,加入0.033 mol的4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑、0.035 mol 碳酸钠,冰浴搅拌10 min后,在10 min滴加三聚氰氯溶液,100 ℃,搅拌10小时,冷却到室温,抽滤,用5℃水洗涤三次,70 ℃干燥,制得均三嗪基荧光探针,产率95%;
所述三聚氰氯溶液,是0.01 mol三聚氰氯溶于30 mL的 1,4-二氧六环得到的混合溶液。
实施例3一种均三嗪基分子探针的制备方法
向55 mL水中,加入0.032 mol的4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑、0.034 mol 碳酸钠,冰浴搅拌10 min后,在7 min滴加三聚氰氯溶液,100 ℃,搅拌9小时,冷却到室温,抽滤,用4℃水洗涤三次,70 ℃干燥,制得均三嗪基荧光探针,产率93%;
所述三聚氰氯溶液,是0.01 mol三聚氰氯溶于25 mL的 1,4-二氧六环得到的混合溶液。
实施例4
实施例1-3所述的均三嗪基分子探针,具有如下所示结构:
实施例5 实施例1-4所述的均三嗪基分子探针作为检测铜(II)离子的应用
(1)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶解均三嗪基分子探针,配成分子探针DMF储备液,该储备液为无色;准确称取硝酸铜溶于DMF中,配成硝酸铜DMF储备液;
用分子探针DMF储备液和硝酸铜DMF储备液及DMF溶剂,配制探分子探针和硝酸铜浓度分别为3.3×10-10 — 3.0×10-2 mol/L系列混合液,在日光条件下,该系列溶液随浓度的增加,颜色由浅黄逐渐增强至浅绿色,表明分子探针对铜(II)离子可进行目视定性检测,是一种具有生色传感功能的荧光探针;
(2)准确量取硝酸铜DMF储备液,用DMF稀释至2μmol/L;准确量取分子探针DMF储备液,用DMF稀释至2 μmol/L;将两溶液等体积共混,铜(II)离子和探针分子浓度均为1 μmol/L。
吸收光谱在TU-1901型紫外-可见分光光度计上测量,扫描范围为200-600 nm;
荧光光谱在岛津PF-3501PC荧光分光光度计上测量,激发波长为426 nm;
在25℃下,每隔一段时间,在426nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度, 反应7min后, 反应液在501 nm处的荧光强度不再改变,表明本发明分子探针能在短时间内快速检测Cu(II)离子。
(3)分别准确量取(2)中的硝酸铜DMF和分子探针DMF储备液,用DMF稀释,等体积充分混合,配制探针分子和Cu(II)离子浓度均为1.0×10-9 mol/L— 1.0×10-2 mol/L的系列混合液,在25℃下反应7 min后,在426 nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度;荧光探针与不同浓度的Cu(II)离子反应后,荧光强度在501nm处大大增强,且随着Cu(II)离子浓度由1.0×10-9 mol/L—1.0×10-2 mol/L增加,荧光强度逐渐增强;表明本发明荧光探针可作为Cu(II)离子定性或定量检测的分子探针;
(4)向系列2.0×10-3 mol/L分子探针DMF溶液中,分别加入等体积2.0×10-3 mol/L金属离子DMF溶液;荧光探针和金属离子终浓度始终为1.0×10-3 mol/L;所述金属离子,对应的盐如下:Cu(NO3)2、Pt(NO3)2、Zn(NO3)2、 K NO3、Na NO3、Li NO3、Ni(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3、Cr(NO3)3、Cd(NO3)2、Mg(NO3)2、Ca(NO3)2、Mn(NO3)2、NH4 NO3、Hg(NO3)2
在25℃下反应7 min后,在426 nm激发波长下,检测反应液的荧光信号强度,研究荧光探针与不同金属离子相互作用性质;
荧光探针和Cu(II)离子在501 nm处的荧光强度为452;荧光探针和其它金属离子在501nm处的荧光强度不超过70,表明荧光探针对Cu(II)离子表现出优异的选择性。
实施例6
除了氯化铜替换硝酸铜外,其它同实施例5。
实施例7
除了硫酸铜替换硝酸铜外,其它同实施例5。

Claims (3)

1.一种均三嗪基分子探针,其特征在于,该分子探针由三聚氰氯和4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑一步反应制得,具有如下所示结构:
2.一种均三嗪基分子探针的制备方法,其特征在于,制备步骤如下:
向50-60 mL水中,加入0.031-0.033 mol的4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑、0.032-0.035 mol碳酸钠,冰浴搅拌10 min后,在5-10 min滴加三聚氰氯溶液,100 ℃,搅拌8-10小时,冷却到室温,抽滤,用2-5℃水洗涤三次,70 ℃干燥,制得均三嗪基荧光探针,产率92-95%;
所述三聚氰氯溶液,是0.01 mol三聚氰氯溶于20-30 mL的 1,4-二氧六环得到的混合溶液。
3.权利要求1所述的均三嗪基分子探针作为检测铜(II)离子的应用。
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CN108837848A (zh) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-20 山东交通学院 一种碳点复合材料的制备方法及应用
CN111187256A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-22 北京工业大学 一种三嗪三吡唑化合物及其制备方法和应用

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CN104830315A (zh) * 2015-05-11 2015-08-12 济南大学 一种二价铜离子荧光探针及其制备方法和应用
CN106278957A (zh) * 2016-10-11 2017-01-04 温州医科大学 一种新型的铜离子荧光分子探针及其应用

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CN106278957A (zh) * 2016-10-11 2017-01-04 温州医科大学 一种新型的铜离子荧光分子探针及其应用

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CN108837848A (zh) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-20 山东交通学院 一种碳点复合材料的制备方法及应用
CN111187256A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-22 北京工业大学 一种三嗪三吡唑化合物及其制备方法和应用

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