CN108045587B - Waste heat recovery system of oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank based on thermoelectric generation technology - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery system of oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank based on thermoelectric generation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108045587B CN108045587B CN201711430899.0A CN201711430899A CN108045587B CN 108045587 B CN108045587 B CN 108045587B CN 201711430899 A CN201711430899 A CN 201711430899A CN 108045587 B CN108045587 B CN 108045587B
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- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009295 sperm incapacitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
- B64D37/32—Safety measures not otherwise provided for, e.g. preventing explosive conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
- B64D37/34—Conditioning fuel, e.g. heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric power generation technology. In addition, a temperature difference power generation subsystem is arranged to convert the gas waste heat into electric energy for supplying power to the inerting system. The invention has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, short inerting time, no environmental pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire prevention and explosion prevention, in particular to an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generation technology.
Background
Aircraft safety issues have been of great concern, and fuel system combustion and explosion are one of the main causes of aircraft failure. There are data showing that the U.S. air force lost thousands of aircraft in Vietnam war due to ground activity attacks. Of these losses, the loss proportion due to a misfire is as high as 50%. The cabin safety research technical group (cabin safety research technical group, GSRTG) showed that a total of 370 accidents are related to tank combustion explosions for 3726 civilian aircraft in the world from 1966 to 2009. It follows that effective measures must be taken to prevent the explosion of the aircraft fuel tanks.
The upper space of the fuel tank of the aircraft is filled with combustible oil-gas mixture, the inflammable and explosive characteristics of the fuel tank seriously threaten the safety of the aircraft, and effective measures must be taken to reduce the probability of burning and explosion and reduce the hazard degree of the fuel tank and the explosive mixture. In the oil tank protection system, the reduction of the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space at the upper part of the oil tank can prevent the oil tank from igniting and exploding, and ensure the safety of passengers and aircrafts. The reduction of the oxygen concentration of the fuel tank can be achieved by inerting the fuel tank with an inert gas such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide to reduce the oxygen content below the flammability limit. At present, an On-board nitrogen inerting technology (On-Board Inert Gas Generator System, OBIGGS) for preparing nitrogen-rich gas by using a hollow fiber membrane is the most economical and practical aircraft fuel tank explosion suppression technology. However, the OBIGGS technology still has many problems, such as low efficiency of separation membranes, large compensation loss of aircraft, high pressure required by inlets of the separation membranes, incapacitation of using the separation membranes in many models (such as helicopters), gradual blockage of fine membrane wires and permeation apertures, serious attenuation of membrane performance caused by ozone in air sources, and leakage of fuel steam to pollute the environment when nitrogen-rich gas fills the oil tank.
In recent years, some companies and research institutions at home and abroad are also performing a method for reducing the combustible risk of the fuel tank by consuming oxygen and combustible vapor in the gas phase space of the fuel tank by adopting a catalytic combustion method, which is called as "Green inerting technology" (Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System, GOBIGGS). This novel inerting technique has several important advantages: basically no preheating is needed, the starting speed is high, the oxygen is consumed in the reactor, the inerting efficiency is high, and the time is short; the fuel steam is not discharged outwards, and the environment is protected. However, the reaction temperature in the catalytic combustion process is higher, the mixed gas after the reaction still contains more heat, and the coolant is generally discharged after absorbing part of the heat, so that the energy is not fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects related to the background technology, the invention provides an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generation technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the waste heat recovery system of the oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank based on the thermoelectric power generation technology comprises a fuel tank, a first flame arrester, a gas dryer, a variable frequency fan, a first check valve, a first flow sensor, a first mixing valve, a second check valve, a flow regulator, a first electromagnetic valve, a regenerator, an electric heater, a first temperature sensor, a first flame suppressor, a catalytic reaction device, a second flame suppressor, a cooler, a water separator, a second temperature sensor, a second electromagnetic valve, a third check valve, a second flame arrester, an oxygen concentration sensor, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a second mixing valve, a thermoelectric generator, a three-way regulating valve, a third temperature sensor, a second flow sensor, a thermoelectric power generation control module, a storage battery pack, a storage battery management module, an auxiliary power supply and an automatic controller;
the oil tank comprises a gas outlet and a gas inlet; the first mixing valve and the second mixing valve comprise two inlets and one outlet; the three-way regulating valve comprises an inlet and two outlets;
the gas outlet of the oil tank, the first flame arrester, the gas dryer, the variable frequency fan, the first check valve, the first flow sensor and one inlet of the first mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the first electromagnetic valve inlet is connected with an external engine air inlet through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve, the flow regulator, the second check valve and the other inlet of the first mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first mixing valve, the cold side channel of the regenerator, the electric heater, the first temperature sensor, the first flame suppressor, the catalytic reaction device, the second flame suppressor, the hot side channel of the regenerator, the hot side channel of the cooler, the gas channel of the water separator and one end of the second temperature sensor are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second temperature sensor is connected with one end of the second electromagnetic valve and one end of the third electromagnetic valve through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the third electromagnetic valve, the third check valve, the second flame arrester and the gas inlet of the mailbox are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the probe of the oxygen concentration sensor is arranged in the oil tank and is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the mailbox and transmitting the oxygen concentration to the automatic controller;
the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with external ram air through a pipeline, and the outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the cold source test of the thermoelectric generator through a pipeline;
the inlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve is connected with external ram air through a pipeline, and the outlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve is connected with one inlet of the second mixing valve through a pipeline;
the outlet of the second mixing valve, the cold side channel of the cooler and the inlet of the thermoelectric generator for measuring the heat source are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the outlet of the thermoelectric generator cold source measurement and the outlet of the heat source measurement are connected with the inlet of the three-way regulating valve through pipelines;
an outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the other outlet of the three-way regulating valve, the third temperature sensor, the second flow sensor and the other inlet of the second mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the automatic controller comprises a current input end and a current output end;
the current input end is respectively and electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor, the first flow sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the second flow sensor, the storage battery management module and the auxiliary power supply;
the current output end is respectively and electrically connected with the variable frequency fan, the flow regulator, the electric heater, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the three-way regulating valve;
the input end of the thermoelectric generation control module is electrically connected with the wiring end of the thermoelectric generator, and the output end of the thermoelectric generation control module is electrically connected with the storage battery pack and is used for storing electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator in the storage battery pack;
the storage battery management module is electrically connected with the storage battery pack and used for supplying electric energy in the storage battery pack to the automatic controller.
The invention also discloses another waste heat recovery system of the oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank based on the thermoelectric power generation technology, which comprises a fuel tank, a first flame arrester, a gas dryer, a variable frequency fan, a first check valve, a first flow sensor, a first mixing valve, a second check valve, a flow regulator, a first electromagnetic valve, a regenerator, an electric heater, a first temperature sensor, a first flame suppressor, a catalytic reaction device, a second flame suppressor, a cooler, a water separator, a second temperature sensor, a second electromagnetic valve, a third check valve, a second flame arrester, an oxygen concentration sensor, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a second mixing valve, a thermoelectric generator, a three-way regulating valve, a third temperature sensor, a second flow sensor, a thermoelectric power generation control module, a storage battery pack, a storage battery management module, an auxiliary power supply, an automatic controller, a cooling water pump and a water temperature controller;
the oil tank comprises a gas outlet and a gas inlet; the first mixing valve and the second mixing valve comprise two inlets and one outlet; the three-way regulating valve comprises an inlet and two outlets;
the gas outlet of the oil tank, the first flame arrester, the gas dryer, the variable frequency fan, the first check valve, the first flow sensor and one inlet of the first mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the first electromagnetic valve inlet is connected with external compressed air through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve, the flow regulator, the second check valve and the other inlet of the first mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first mixing valve, the cold side channel of the regenerator, the electric heater, the first temperature sensor, the first flame suppressor, the catalytic reaction device, the second flame suppressor, the hot side channel of the regenerator, the hot side channel of the cooler, the gas channel of the water separator and one end of the second temperature sensor are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second temperature sensor is connected with one end of the second electromagnetic valve and one end of the third electromagnetic valve through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the third electromagnetic valve, the third check valve, the second flame arrester and the gas inlet of the mailbox are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the probe of the oxygen concentration sensor is arranged in the oil tank and is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the mailbox and transmitting the oxygen concentration to the automatic controller;
the outlet of the water temperature controller is connected with the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve and the inlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve through pipelines respectively;
the outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the temperature difference generator cold source test through a pipeline;
the outlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve is connected with one inlet of the second mixing valve through a pipeline;
the outlet of the second mixing valve, the cold side channel of the cooler and the inlet of the thermoelectric generator for measuring the heat source are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the outlet of the thermoelectric generator cold source measurement and the outlet of the heat source measurement are connected with the inlet of the three-way regulating valve through pipelines;
one outlet of the three-way regulating valve is connected with the inlet of the water temperature controller through the cooling water pump;
the other outlet of the three-way regulating valve, the third temperature sensor, the second flow sensor and the other inlet of the second mixing valve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the automatic controller comprises a current input end and a current output end;
the current input end is respectively and electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor, the first flow sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the second flow sensor, the storage battery management module and the auxiliary power supply;
the current output end is respectively and electrically connected with the variable frequency fan, the flow regulator, the electric heater, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the three-way regulating valve, the cooling water pump and the water temperature controller;
the input end of the thermoelectric generation control module is electrically connected with the wiring end of the thermoelectric generator, and the output end of the thermoelectric generation control module is electrically connected with the storage battery pack and is used for storing electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator in the storage battery pack;
the storage battery management module is electrically connected with the storage battery pack and used for supplying electric energy in the storage battery pack to the automatic controller.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention converts fuel vapor into carbon dioxide by a catalytic combustion technology, utilizes the carbon dioxide and nitrogen which does not participate in the reaction to inerting the fuel tank, has simple structure, controllable reaction and short inerting time, does not discharge the fuel vapor to the atmospheric environment, and has no environmental pollution. In addition, the invention is provided with a set of thermoelectric generation system to recycle the waste heat in the green inerting system, and the energy utilization rate is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generation technology in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric generation subsystem;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on thermoelectric generation technology in the present invention.
In the figure, 1-oil tank, 2-first flame arrestor, 3-gas dryer, 4-variable frequency fan, 5-first check valve, 6-first flow sensor, 7-first mixing valve, 8-second check valve, 9-flow regulator, 10-first solenoid valve, 11-regenerator, 12-electric heater, 13-first temperature sensor, 14-first flame suppressor, 15-catalytic reaction device, 16-second flame suppressor, 17-cooler, 18-water separator, 19-second temperature sensor, 20-second solenoid valve, 21-third solenoid valve, 22-third check valve, 23-second flame arrestor, 24-oxygen concentration sensor, 25-fourth solenoid valve, 26-fifth solenoid valve, 27-second mixing valve, 28-thermoelectric generator, 29-three-way regulating valve, 30-third temperature sensor, 31-second flow sensor, 32-thermoelectric generation control module, 33-storage battery pack, 34-management module, 35-auxiliary power supply, 36-automatic controller, 37-water pump controller, 38-water temperature controller.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
this invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the components are exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on a thermoelectric generation technology, wherein a gas outlet of a fuel tank 1 is connected with an inlet of a first mixing valve 7 through a pipeline to sequentially form a first flame arrester 2, a gas dryer 3, a variable frequency fan 4, a first check valve 5 and a first flow sensor 6; an inlet of the first electromagnetic valve 10 is connected with an engine air inlet through a pipeline; the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve 10 is connected with the other inlet of the first mixing valve 7 through a pipeline in sequence with a flow regulator 9 and a second check valve 8; the outlet of the first mixing valve 7 to the second flame suppressor 16 are sequentially connected with a cold side channel of the regenerator 11, an electric heater 12, a first temperature sensor 13, a first flame suppressor 14 and a catalytic reaction device 15 through pipelines; the inlet of the second flame suppressor 16 to the oil tank 1 is sequentially connected with a hot side channel of the heat regenerator 11, a hot side channel of the cooler 17, a gas channel of the water separator 18, a second temperature sensor 19, a third electromagnetic valve 21, a third check valve 22 and a second flame arrester 23 through pipelines; the inlet of the second electromagnetic valve 20 is simultaneously connected with the outlet of the second temperature sensor 19 and the inlet of the third electromagnetic valve 21 through a pipeline; the outlet of the second electromagnetic valve 20 is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe; the oxygen concentration sensor 24 is connected to the oil tank 1 via a probe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric generation subsystem. The inlets of the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 are simultaneously connected with the ram air inlet through pipelines; the outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 is connected with a cold source test of the thermoelectric generator 28 through a pipeline; the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 is connected with an inlet of a second mixing valve 27 and a cold side channel of the cooler 17 in sequence through a pipeline for measuring the heat source of the thermoelectric generator 28; the cold source measuring outlet and the heat source measuring outlet of the thermoelectric generator 28 are simultaneously connected with the inlet of the three-way regulating valve 29 through pipelines; an outlet of the three-way regulating valve 29 is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe; the other outlet of the three-way regulating valve 29 is connected to the other inlet of the second mixing valve 27 through a pipeline in turn with a third temperature sensor 30 and a second flow sensor 31.
The oxygen concentration sensor 24 and the first flow sensor 6 are connected in parallel through cables and are connected with the current input end of the automatic controller 36; the first temperature sensor 13, the second temperature sensor 19, the third temperature sensor 30, the second flow sensor 31, the storage battery management module 34 and the auxiliary power supply 35 are connected in parallel through cables and are connected with the current input end of the automatic controller 36; the current output end of the automatic controller 36 is respectively connected with the current input ends of the variable frequency fan 4, the flow regulator 9, the electric heater 12, the first electromagnetic valve 10, the second electromagnetic valve 20, the third electromagnetic valve 21, the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 and the three-way regulating valve 29 through cables; the input end of the thermoelectric generation control module 32 is connected with the wiring end of the thermoelectric generator 28 through a cable; the output end of the thermoelectric generation control module 32 is connected with the storage battery pack 33 through a cable; the battery management module 34 is connected to the battery pack 33 by a cable.
The auxiliary power supply is used for providing power for the automatic controller when the electric quantity of the storage battery pack is insufficient.
The embodiment is used for flushing and inerting an aircraft fuel tank, and the fuel tank 1 is an aircraft fuel tank, and the specific working process is as follows:
1) The fuel tank inerting process comprises the following steps: starting the variable frequency fan 4 to pump combustible mixed gas in a gas phase space at the upper part of the oil tank 1, wherein the mixed gas consists of fuel vapor, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and other trace impurities, the mixed gas flows through the first flame arrestor 2, the water vapor in the mixed gas is removed by the gas dryer 3, and the dried mixed gas flows through the first check valve 5 and the first flow sensor 6 in sequence; opening the first electromagnetic valve 10, adjusting the engine bleed air to a proper flow rate through the flow regulator 9, and completing mixing with the combustible mixed gas in the first mixing valve 7 after passing through the second check valve 8; the mixed gas is preheated by the reacted high-temperature gas when passing through the cold side channel of the heat regenerator 11, and then is heated to the temperature required by the catalytic reaction in the electric heater 12; the heated mixed gas sequentially flows through the first temperature sensor 13 and the first flame suppressor 14 and then enters the catalytic reaction device 15, and the flameless catalytic combustion reaction is completed under the action of a catalyst; the reacted high-temperature and high-humidity gas passes through the second flame suppressor 16, and the reaction gas is preheated in a hot side channel of the regenerator 11; the temperature of the initially cooled gas is greatly reduced after heat is transferred to ram air in the cooler 17, and liquid water is separated out; upon passing through the water separation device 18, liquid water is separated and discharged; the dried inerting mixed gas is directly discharged after continuously flowing through the second temperature sensor 19 and passing through the second electromagnetic valve 20, or sequentially flowing through the third electromagnetic valve 21, the third check valve 22 and the second flame arrester 23 and then is sent back to the gas phase space at the upper part of the oil tank 1, and after being mixed with the original gas in the gas phase space, the oxygen content is reduced, the content proportion of carbon dioxide and nitrogen is increased, the combustibility of fuel steam is reduced, and the inerting purpose is achieved.
2) The thermoelectric power generation process comprises the following steps: the waste heat of the inert gas after the reaction is used as a heat source, low-temperature ram air is used as a cold source, and the temperature difference between the waste heat and the low-temperature ram air is used as a main way of a power generation power supply. The main component of the power generation system is a thermoelectric generator, and the system is provided with a cold source and a heat source to provide energy required by power generation for the thermoelectric generator. Part of ram air flows through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and then enters the cold source side channel of the thermoelectric generator 28, the other part of ram air is mixed with secondary gas in the second mixing valve 27 after passing through the fifth electromagnetic valve 26, the mixed gas enters the cold side channel of the cooler 17 to heat, and then flows into the heat source side channel of the thermoelectric generator 28 to provide a heat source for the thermoelectric generator; the gas at the cold side channel outlet and the hot side channel outlet of the thermoelectric generator 28 still has a higher temperature, one part of the gas is distributed in the three-way regulating valve 29 and then discharged, and the other part of the secondary gas flows through the third temperature sensor 30 and the second flow sensor 31 and is mixed with the ram air in the second mixing valve 27.
3) System on/off and control process
Opening process-the automatic controller 36 communicates the circuit between the battery management module 34 and the auxiliary power supply 35. The oxygen concentration sensor 24 detects the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space of the oil tank 1 and transmits signals to the automatic controller 36, when the oxygen concentration is greater than a given value, the automatic controller 36 is communicated with a circuit among the variable frequency fan 4, the first electromagnetic valve 10, the electric heater 12, the second electromagnetic valve 20, the third electromagnetic valve 21 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, and the system is in a working state.
Closing process-when the oxygen concentration sensor 24 detects that the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space of the oil tank 1 is smaller than a given value, the automatic controller 36 turns off the circuit among the variable frequency fan 4, the first electromagnetic valve 10, the electric heater 12, the second electromagnetic valve 20, the third electromagnetic valve 21 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, and the system is in a closed state.
Control process-when the system is in working state, the automatic controller 36 is communicated with the circuits among the first flow sensor 6, the second flow sensor 31, the oxygen concentration sensor 24, the first temperature sensor 13, the second temperature sensor 19 and the third temperature sensor 30 and acquires corresponding data. The automatic controller 36 is communicated with the flow regulator 9 and the three-way regulating valve 29. Controlling the frequency of the variable frequency fan 4 and the opening of the flow regulator 9 according to the flow returned by the first flow sensor 6; controlling the three-way regulating valve 29 according to the gas temperature and the flow value measured by the third temperature sensor 30 and the second flow sensor 31; when the temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor 19 is higher than a predetermined value, the third solenoid valve 21 is closed, and the fourth solenoid valve 20 is opened; the thermoelectric generation control module 32 is communicated with the thermoelectric generator 28 and the storage battery 33, and stores electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator 28 in the storage battery 33; supplying electrical energy to the automatic controller 36 for use by the battery management module 34; the automatic controller 36 maintains the operation of the inerting system using the electric power supplied by the battery pack 33 and the auxiliary power supply 35.
As shown in FIG. 3, the invention also discloses another schematic diagram of an oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on the thermoelectric generation technology by adopting cooling water as a coolant. As can be seen in connection with fig. 3, the device differs from the embodiment 1 in that the engine bleed air is changed to compressed air; the inlets of the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 26 are simultaneously connected with a cooling water inlet through pipelines; an outlet of the three-way regulating valve 29 is connected with a cooling water pump 37 and a water temperature controller 38 in sequence through pipelines; the current output end of the automatic controller 36 is respectively connected with the current input ends of the cooling water pump 37 and the water temperature controller 38 through cables.
The implementation is applied to the inerting of the fuel flushing of a ground fuel tank, and the fuel tank 1 is an oil storage tank container, and the specific working process is as follows:
the engine bleed air is changed into compressed air, the coolant is changed into cooling water from ram air, the cooling water pump 37 pumps the cooling water backwater from one outlet of the three-way regulating valve 29, the cooling water is processed to the required temperature in the water temperature controller 38, and the low-temperature cooling water is output to the thermoelectric generation system for use.
And a power and water temperature controller 38 for controlling the cooling water pump 37 based on the gas temperature and flow value measured by the third temperature sensor 30 and the second flow sensor 31.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank waste heat recovery system based on the thermoelectric power generation technology is characterized by comprising a fuel tank (1), a first flame arrester (2), a gas dryer (3), a variable frequency fan (4), a first check valve (5), a first flow sensor (6), a first mixing valve (7), a second check valve (8), a flow regulator (9), a first electromagnetic valve (10), a regenerator (11), an electric heater (12), a first temperature sensor (13), a first flame suppressor (14), a catalytic reaction device (15), a second flame suppressor (16), a cooler (17), a water separator (18), a second temperature sensor (19), a second electromagnetic valve (20), a third electromagnetic valve (21), a third check valve (22), a second flame arrester (23), an oxygen concentration sensor (24), a fourth electromagnetic valve (25), a fifth electromagnetic valve (26), a second mixing valve (27), a thermoelectric generator (28), a three-way regulating valve (29), a third temperature sensor (30), a second flow sensor (31), a thermoelectric power generation automatic storage battery control module (32), a thermoelectric storage battery pack (33), an auxiliary power supply module (34) and an auxiliary power supply module (34);
the oil tank (1) comprises a gas outlet and a gas inlet; the first mixing valve (7) and the second mixing valve (27) comprise two inlets and one outlet; the three-way regulating valve (29) comprises an inlet and two outlets;
the gas outlet of the oil tank (1), the first flame arrester (2), the gas dryer (3), the variable frequency fan (4), the first check valve (5), the first flow sensor (6) and one inlet of the first mixing valve (7) are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve (10) is connected with an external engine air inlet through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve (10), the flow regulator (9), the second check valve (8) and the other inlet of the first mixing valve (7) are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first mixing valve (7), the cold side channel of the heat regenerator (11), the electric heater (12), the first temperature sensor (13), the first flame suppressor (14), the catalytic reaction device (15), the second flame suppressor (16), the hot side channel of the heat regenerator (11), the hot side channel of the cooler (17), the gas channel of the water separator (18) and one end of the second temperature sensor (19) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second temperature sensor (19) is connected with one end of the second electromagnetic valve (20) and one end of the third electromagnetic valve (21) through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the third electromagnetic valve (21), the third check valve (22), the second flame arrester (23) and the gas inlet of the oil tank (1) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second electromagnetic valve (20) is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the probe of the oxygen concentration sensor (24) is arranged in the oil tank (1) and is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the oil tank (1) and transmitting the oxygen concentration to the automatic controller (36);
an inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve (25) is connected with external ram air through a pipeline, and an outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with an inlet of a cold source test of the thermoelectric generator (28) through a pipeline;
an inlet of the fifth solenoid valve (26) is connected to the outside ram air via a pipe, and an outlet is connected to one inlet of the second mixing valve (27) via a pipe;
the outlet of the second mixing valve (27), the cold side channel of the cooler (17) and the inlet of the thermoelectric generator (28) for measuring the heat source are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the outlet of the temperature difference generator (28) for measuring a cold source and the outlet of the temperature difference generator for measuring a heat source are connected with the inlet of the three-way regulating valve (29) through pipelines;
an outlet of the three-way regulating valve (29) is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the other outlet of the three-way regulating valve (29), the third temperature sensor (30), the second flow sensor (31) and the other inlet of the second mixing valve (27) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the automatic controller (36) comprises a current input and a current output;
the current input end is respectively and electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor (24), the first flow sensor (6), the first temperature sensor (13), the second temperature sensor (19), the third temperature sensor (30), the second flow sensor (31), the storage battery management module (34) and the auxiliary power supply (35);
the current output end is respectively and electrically connected with the variable frequency fan (4), the flow regulator (9), the electric heater (12), the first electromagnetic valve (10), the second electromagnetic valve (20), the third electromagnetic valve (21), the fourth electromagnetic valve (25), the fifth electromagnetic valve (26) and the three-way regulating valve (29);
the input end of the thermoelectric generation control module (32) is electrically connected with the wiring end of the thermoelectric generator (28), and the output end of the thermoelectric generator is electrically connected with the storage battery (33) and is used for storing the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator (28) in the storage battery (33);
the storage battery management module (34) is electrically connected with the storage battery pack (33) and is used for supplying electric energy in the storage battery pack (33) to the automatic controller (36);
when the system is in a working state, the automatic controller controls the frequency of the variable frequency fan (4) and the opening of the flow regulator (9) according to the flow returned by the first flow sensor (6); based on the gas temperature measured by the third temperature sensor (30), the second flow sensor (31) -a flow value to control the three-way regulating valve (29); when the temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor (19) is higher than a prescribed value, the third electromagnetic valve (21) is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve (20) is opened.
2. The waste heat recovery system of the oxygen consumption type inerting fuel tank based on the thermoelectric power generation technology is characterized by comprising a fuel tank (1), a first flame arrester (2), a gas dryer (3), a variable frequency fan (4), a first check valve (5), a first flow sensor (6), a first mixing valve (7), a second check valve (8), a flow regulator (9), a first electromagnetic valve (10), a regenerator (11), an electric heater (12), a first temperature sensor (13), a first flame suppressor (14), a catalytic reaction device (15), a second flame suppressor (16), a cooler (17), a water separator (18), a second temperature sensor (19), a second electromagnetic valve (20), a third electromagnetic valve (21), a third check valve (22), a second flame arrester (23), an oxygen concentration sensor (24), a fourth electromagnetic valve (25), a fifth electromagnetic valve (26), a second mixing valve (27), a thermoelectric generator (28), a three-way regulating valve (29), a third temperature sensor (30), a second flow sensor (31), a thermoelectric power generation control module (32), a storage battery pack (33), an automatic management power supply module (34) and an auxiliary power supply module (34), A cooling water pump (37) and a water temperature controller (38);
the oil tank (1) comprises a gas outlet and a gas inlet; the first mixing valve (7) and the second mixing valve (27) comprise two inlets and one outlet; the three-way regulating valve (29) comprises an inlet and two outlets;
the gas outlet of the oil tank (1), the first flame arrester (2), the gas dryer (3), the variable frequency fan (4), the first check valve (5), the first flow sensor (6) and one inlet of the first mixing valve (7) are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve (10) is connected with external compressed air through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve (10), the flow regulator (9), the second check valve (8) and the other inlet of the first mixing valve (7) are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the outlet of the first mixing valve (7), the cold side channel of the heat regenerator (11), the electric heater (12), the first temperature sensor (13), the first flame suppressor (14), the catalytic reaction device (15), the second flame suppressor (16), the hot side channel of the heat regenerator (11), the hot side channel of the cooler (17), the gas channel of the water separator (18) and one end of the second temperature sensor (19) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second temperature sensor (19) is connected with one end of the second electromagnetic valve (20) and one end of the third electromagnetic valve (21) through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the third electromagnetic valve (21), the third check valve (22), the second flame arrester (23) and the gas inlet of the oil tank (1) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the other end of the second electromagnetic valve (20) is connected with an exhaust gas discharge pipe;
the probe of the oxygen concentration sensor (24) is arranged in the oil tank (1) and is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the oil tank (1) and transmitting the oxygen concentration to the automatic controller (36);
the outlet of the water temperature controller (38) is respectively connected with the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve (25) and the inlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve (26) through pipelines;
the outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve (25) is connected with the inlet of the cold source test of the thermoelectric generator (28) through a pipeline;
the outlet of the fifth electromagnetic valve (26) is connected with one inlet of the second mixing valve (27) through a pipeline;
the outlet of the second mixing valve (27), the cold side channel of the cooler (17) and the inlet of the thermoelectric generator (28) for measuring the heat source are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the outlet of the temperature difference generator (28) for measuring a cold source and the outlet of the temperature difference generator for measuring a heat source are connected with the inlet of the three-way regulating valve (29) through pipelines;
an outlet of the three-way regulating valve (29) is connected with an inlet of the water temperature controller (38) through the cooling water pump (37);
the other outlet of the three-way regulating valve (29), the third temperature sensor (30), the second flow sensor (31) and the other inlet of the second mixing valve (27) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the automatic controller (36) comprises a current input and a current output;
the current input end is respectively and electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor (24), the first flow sensor (6), the first temperature sensor (13), the second temperature sensor (19), the third temperature sensor (30), the second flow sensor (31), the storage battery management module (34) and the auxiliary power supply (35);
the current output end is respectively and electrically connected with the variable frequency fan (4), the flow regulator (9), the electric heater (12), the first electromagnetic valve (10), the second electromagnetic valve (20), the third electromagnetic valve (21), the fourth electromagnetic valve (25), the fifth electromagnetic valve (26), the three-way regulating valve (29), the cooling water pump (37) and the water temperature controller (38);
the input end of the thermoelectric generation control module (32) is electrically connected with the wiring end of the thermoelectric generator (28), and the output end of the thermoelectric generator is electrically connected with the storage battery (33) and is used for storing the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generator (28) in the storage battery (33);
the storage battery management module (34) is electrically connected with the storage battery pack (33) and is used for supplying electric energy in the storage battery pack (33) to the automatic controller (36);
when the system is in a working state, the automatic controller controls the frequency of the variable frequency fan (4) and the opening of the flow regulator (9) according to the flow returned by the first flow sensor (6); controlling the three-way regulating valve (29) according to the gas temperature and the flow value measured by the third temperature sensor (30) and the second flow sensor (31); when the temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor (19) is higher than a prescribed value, the third electromagnetic valve (21) is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve (20) is opened.
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| CN108584877A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of airborne oxygen-nitrogen gas generating system processed of combination mangneto separation and membrane separation technique |
| US11628947B2 (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2023-04-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Catalytic fuel tank inerting apparatus for aircraft |
| RU197289U1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-20 | Акционерное общество "Технодинамика" | Neutral gas flame arrester |
| CN112937883B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆交通大学绿色航空技术研究院 | Onboard fuel tank inerting system and onboard fuel tank inerting method |
| CN117360779B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Electric heating complementary system with fuel oil as power source and heat sink |
| CN117755500B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-06-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Electro-hydraulic thermal complementary electromechanical system based on ram air |
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