CN108044223B - Welding method of stainless steel strip - Google Patents

Welding method of stainless steel strip Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108044223B
CN108044223B CN201711281628.3A CN201711281628A CN108044223B CN 108044223 B CN108044223 B CN 108044223B CN 201711281628 A CN201711281628 A CN 201711281628A CN 108044223 B CN108044223 B CN 108044223B
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welding
stainless steel
gas
steel strip
less
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CN108044223A (en
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赵振铎
李莎
范光伟
王秋平
廉晓洁
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Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co Ltd
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Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/0026Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/007Spot arc welding

Abstract

Welding of stainless steel strips is disclosedA method for joining stainless steel strips and stainless steel strips produced by the method. The welding is performed using a consumable active gas shielded (MAG) welding wherein the welding shielding gas is 2-3% CO2The argon gas is used as the back protection gas, the welding line energy is 180-190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the welding line energy is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop. By using the welding method, the welding line energy is small, the deformation is small, the welding seam is uniform and consistent, the steel belt is ensured not to be broken during the operation, and the prepared welding steel belt meets the working condition requirement of sintering furnace materials.

Description

Welding method of stainless steel strip
FIELD
The present application relates generally to the field of welding. More specifically, the present application relates to the field of welding of stainless steel
Background
The ferritic stainless steel has the unique characteristics of large heat conductivity coefficient, small expansion coefficient, good oxidation resistance, excellent stress corrosion resistance and the like, and can be used for manufacturing furnace burden sintered steel strips. However, the ferrite stainless steel material has poor weldability, is sensitive to heat input, and has easily coarsened structure grains, and if the welding process is improperly controlled, the coarse grains of the welding joint are easily embrittled, so that the comprehensive mechanical property of the welding joint is reduced. In addition, as the ferritic stainless steel strip for furnace burden sintering circularly works in an environment with alternating temperature, the working condition environment is very harsh, thermal fatigue cracks are easily generated on the surface of a welding seam of the steel strip in the service environment, the cracks are further expanded in the operation process, the steel strip is easy to crack, and the stable operation of production is influenced. In addition, the total length of the steel strip is more than 90 meters, 60 welding seams are formed, each welding seam is about 6m long, the size and volume effect are obvious, higher requirements are provided for the performance of a welding joint of the steel strip, and the welding difficulty is extremely high.
SUMMARY
In one aspect, the application relates to a method of welding stainless steel strip, wherein the welding is performed using a Metal Active Gas (MAG) weld, wherein the weld shield gas is 2-3% CO2The argon gas is used as the back protection gas, the welding line energy is 180-190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the welding line energy is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop.
In another aspect, the present application relates to a stainless steel strip welded using a Metal Active Gas (MAG) weld, wherein the weld shield gas is 2-3% CO2The argon gas is used as the back protection gas, the welding line energy is 180-190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the welding line energy is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop.
Detailed description of the invention
In the following description, certain specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of various disclosed embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth.
Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the words "comprise", "comprising", and "have" are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense, i.e., "including but not limited to".
Reference throughout the specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "in another embodiment," or "in certain embodiments" means that a particular reference element, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "in another embodiment" or "in certain embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular elements, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Definition of
As used herein, the term "ferrite" refers to an interstitial solid solution of carbon dissolved in α -Fe, having a body-centered cubic lattice, generally denoted by the symbol F. Pure ferrite structure has good plasticity and toughness, but low strength and hardness.
As used herein, the term "austenite" refers to a non-magnetic solid solution of gamma-Fe with a small amount of carbon in solid solution, which has a face-centered cubic structure. Good austenite plasticity, low strength, certain toughness and no ferromagnetism.
In this context, the term "duplex stainless steel" is intended to mean a stainless steel in which ferrite and austenite constitute about 50% of each other, and generally the content of the minor phases is at least as high as 30%.
As used herein, the term "Metal reactive Gas (MAG) welding" refers to a mixed Gas shielded welding in which a small amount of an oxidizing Gas is mixed with argon Gas.
As used herein, the term "backside shielding gas" refers to a gas that shields the backside of the weld.
As used herein, the term "droplet" refers to the liquid metal that forms at the end of a welding rod or wire and transitions into a molten pool during arc welding.
As used herein, the term "weld line energy" refers to the amount of heat input to a weld bead per unit length by a welding energy source during welding.
In this context, the term "groove" refers to a groove of a certain geometry machined and assembled at the part to be welded of the weldment.
As used herein, the term "dry elongation" refers to the distance of the wire tip from the tip of the contact tip during welding.
As used herein, the term "impact toughness (Ak)" refers to the ability of a material to absorb work of plastic deformation and work at break under impact loading.
As used herein, the term "flatness" refers to the total amount of variation allowed by a single actual straight line, the size of which is expressed in units of mm/m.
In the present context, the term "ER 316L" refers to an austenitic stainless steel solid wire whose chemical composition, in mass percent, is: less than or equal to 0.030 percent of C, 0.30 to 0.65 percent of Si, 1.00 to 2.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, 18.00 to 20.00 percent of Cr, 11.00 to 14.00 percent of Ni, 2.00 to 3.00 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.75 percent of Cu, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In this context, the term "443" refers to a steel with a very low content of high chromium, carbon and nitrogen, a low content of nickel, no molybdenum and a low content of copper and titanium, the chemical composition of which is, in mass%: less than or equal to 0.025 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni, 19.5 to 21.5 percent of Cr, 0.10 to 0.50 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of N, 0.10 to 0.60 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of Nb, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In this context, the term "444" refers to a high-chromium molybdenum-niobium-titanium-stabilized ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel having the following chemical composition, in mass percent: c is less than or equal to 0.025, Si is less than or equal to 1.00, Mn is less than or equal to 1.00, P is less than or equal to 0.040, S is less than or equal to 0.030, Cr is 17.0-20.0, Mo is 1.75-2.50, N is less than or equal to 0.025, Ti, Nb or the combination thereof: 8(C + N) -0.80, and the balance of iron and other inevitable impurities.
In the present context, the term "Cr 12 type" refers to a type of ferritic stainless steel containing 12% Cr, whose chemical composition, in mass%: c is less than or equal to 0.08, Si is less than or equal to 1.00, Mn is less than or equal to 1.00, P is less than or equal to 0.040, S is less than or equal to 0.030, Cr is 10.5-13.50, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60, Mo is less than or equal to 0.50, N is less than or equal to 0.03, and the alloy elements such as Ti or Nb and the like are contained in small amount, and the balance is iron and other inevitable impurities.
In this context, the term "ERNiCrMo-3 nickel-based alloy" refers to a nickel-based alloy whose chemical composition, in mass%: less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 20.0-23.0 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 58.0 percent of Ni, 8.0-10.0 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 5.0 percent of Fe, and the.
Detailed Description
In one aspect, the application relates to a method of welding stainless steel strip, wherein the welding is performed using a Metal Active Gas (MAG) weld, wherein the weld shield gas is about 2-3% CO2The argon gas is used as the back protection gas, the welding line energy is about 180 plus 190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the welding line energy is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop.
In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of stainless steel strips that can be used in the welding methods of the present application include, but are not limited to, ferritic stainless steel strips, austenitic stainless steel strips, and duplex stainless steel strips.
In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of ferritic stainless steels that can be used in the welding methods of the present application include, but are not limited to, types 443, 444, and Cr 12.
In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of backside protection gases that can be used in the welding methods of the present application include, but are not limited to, argon, helium, and mixtures of argon and helium.
In certain embodiments, the welding shielding gas comprises about 2-3% CO2The flow rate of the argon gas is about 26-27L/min.
In certain embodiments, the flow rate of argon as the back-protection gas is about 24 to 25L/min.
In some embodiments, the soldering environment temperature is about 20-22 ℃.
In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of weld filler materials that can be used in the welding methods of the present application include, but are not limited to, ER316L and ERNiCrMo-3 nickel-based alloy materials.
In certain embodiments, the wire diameter is about Φ 1.0 mm.
In some embodiments, the movement of the welding wire is combined with the droplet transition, the welding wire is separated from the droplet by the drawing back movement of the welding wire in the short circuit state, the current is reduced to the minimum by the power supply when the droplet is in the transition state, namely, the energy of the welding wire is also reduced to the minimum, cold and hot alternate welding is realized in the welding process, the energy of the welding wire is greatly reduced, the consistent penetration is realized, and the uniform appearance and the appearance of the welding seam are obtained.
In certain embodiments, the stainless steel strip has a thickness of about 3 to 4 mm.
In certain embodiments, the stainless steel strip has a width of about 6010 mm.
In certain embodiments, the groove is in the form of a V-joint. And the gap was 1.0 mm.
In some embodiments, the bevel is in the form of a V-joint with a bevel angle of about 52-60 °.
In certain embodiments, the bevel is in the form of a V-joint, the bevel angle is about 52-60 °, and the gap is 1.0 mm.
In certain embodiments, one-sided welding is used to fully melt through.
In certain embodiments, the method of welding stainless steel strip of the present application comprises the steps of:
a) preparing for welding;
b) assembling steel plates; and
c) consumable electrode active gas (MAG) welding.
In certain embodiments, the method of welding stainless steel strips of the present application further comprises: d) and checking and judging the quality of the welding seam.
In some embodiments, pairing of the steel plates is performed on a welding apparatus, with the pairing gap controlled to be about 1.0 mm.
In certain embodiments, a set of tack welds are performed, wherein the tack welds are manual argon arc weld tack welds.
In some embodiments, the spot weld spacing in the set of spot welds is about 300-350 mm.
In certain embodiments, the entire strip of steel is held concentrically in line against the panel.
In certain embodiments, during the welding preparation step, the welder fixture copper plate remains clean, free of oil contamination, and the water path remains open.
In some embodiments, in the welding preparation step, the straightness of the traveling of the welding carriage is welded, the welding tip of the traveling carriage and the welding seam are kept on the same straight line, and the deviation of the full-length straightness is less than or equal to about 0.5 mm.
In some embodiments, in the steel plate assembling step, after the assembling and spot welding, the welding trolley is in no-load operation, and the detection welding line and the welding head are in the same straight line, if the welding head is not adjusted by using the welding nozzle.
In certain embodiments, the weld surface appearance quality, the degree of grain coarsening of the heat affected zone texture, cupping capability, weld retention, room temperature impact toughness, steel strip flatness, and the like are examined to ensure weld joint quality.
In certain embodiments, the welding methods of the present application can overcome the problem of a ferritic stainless welded steel strip that is prone to weld cracking under alternating temperature load operating conditions.
In some embodiments, the welding method can combine the movement of the welding wire with the molten drop transition, and realize cold and hot alternate welding in the welding process, thereby greatly reducing the energy of the welding wire, realizing consistent penetration and obtaining uniform and consistent appearance and appearance of the welding seam.
In certain embodiments, the welding methods of the present application can improve the overall mechanical properties of the weld.
In certain embodiments, the welding methods of the present application can avoid cracking of the weld of the steel strip.
In certain embodiments, the welding methods of the present application can be adapted for the manufacture of stainless welded steel belts for burden sintering that operate under alternating temperature load conditions.
In certain embodiments, the welding methods of the present application can be adapted for use in the welding of stainless weld steel belts for burden sintering.
In certain embodiments, the welding method of the present application has the advantages of low welding line energy, low deformation, uniform and consistent weld joint, and can ensure that the steel strip does not break during operation.
In certain embodiments, the welded steel strip produced using the welding method of the present application meets the requirements of the sintering charge regime.
In another aspect, the present application relates to a stainless steel strip welded using a gas Metal Active Gas (MAG) weld wherein the weld shield gas is about 2-3% CO2The argon gas is used as the back protection gas, the welding line energy is about 180 plus 190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the welding line energy is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop.
In certain embodiments, the weld margin is less than or equal to about 0.15 mm.
In certain embodiments, the weld joint has room temperature impact toughness AKV2about.gtoreq.27J.
In some embodiments, the weld steel strip has a flatness of about 4mm/m or less.
Hereinafter, the present application will be explained in detail by the following examples in order to better understand various aspects of the present application and advantages thereof. It should be understood, however, that the following examples are not limiting and are merely illustrative of certain embodiments of the present application.
Examples
Example 1
I. Preparation for welding
(1) The material is 444, the thickness of the steel strip is 4mm, the bandwidth is 6010mm, the groove adopts a V-shaped joint form, the angle of the groove is 60 degrees, the gap is 1.0mm, and the single-side welding is completely melted through.
(2) The copper plate of the welding machine clamp is required to be clean without oil stains, and the water path is kept smooth.
(3) And the straightness of the travelling trolley is welded, the travelling welding tip of the trolley and the welding line are kept on the same straight line, and the deviation of the whole length straightness is 0.4 mm.
II, assembling the steel plates
(1) The steel plate assembly is carried out on welding equipment, and the assembly gap is controlled to be 1.0 mm.
(2) And (4) performing assembly spot welding, wherein manual argon arc welding spot welding is adopted for spot welding, the spot welding distance is 320mm, and the phenomenon of edge misalignment cannot occur during assembly.
(3) After the assembly spot welding, the welding trolley does not carry out the idle running detection, the welding seam and the welding head are on the same straight line, and if the welding head does not carry out the idle running detection, the welding nozzle is used for adjusting.
(4) The whole steel belt of the assembly plate is kept concentric and in the same straight line.
MAG welding
(1) The soldering ambient temperature was 21 ℃.
(2) The welding protective gas is 3% CO2The flow rate of the argon gas is 27L/min, the flow rate of the back protection gas is 25L/min.
(3) The welding seam is filled with welding materials, the welding materials are ER316L, the diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.0mm, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 11mm, and the wire feeding speed is 10 m/min.
(4) Before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, the welding line energy is 189J/mm, and after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, the welding line energy is 7J/mm.
Quality inspection and judgment of weld joints
The appearance of the surface of the welding seam is flat and smooth, the welding seam is uniform and consistent, the defects of air holes, welding beading and the like do not exist, and the welding seam is high0.14 mm; the coarsening degree of the grain of the heat affected zone structure is 0.5 grade; the crack direction of the cup bulge test is parallel to the length direction of the steel strip; room temperature impact toughness A of welded jointKV234J, and the flatness of the welded steel strip is 4 mm/m.
Example 2
I. Preparation for welding
(1) The material is 0Cr12Ti, the thickness of the steel strip is 3mm, the bandwidth is 6010mm, the groove adopts a V-shaped joint form, the angle of the groove is 52 degrees, the gap is 1.0mm, and the single-side welding is completely melted through.
(2) The copper plate of the welding machine clamp is required to be clean without oil stains, and the water path is kept smooth.
(3) And the straightness of the travelling trolley is welded, the travelling welding tip of the trolley and the welding line are kept on the same straight line, and the deviation of the whole length straightness is 0.3 mm.
II, assembling the steel plates
(1) The steel plate assembly is carried out on welding equipment, and the assembly gap is controlled to be 1.0 mm.
(2) And (4) performing assembly spot welding, wherein manual argon arc welding spot welding is adopted for spot welding, the spot welding distance is 340mm, and the phenomenon of edge misalignment cannot occur during assembly.
(3) After the assembly spot welding, the welding trolley does not carry out the idle running detection, the welding seam and the welding head are on the same straight line, and if the welding head does not carry out the idle running detection, the welding nozzle is used for adjusting.
(4) The whole steel belt of the assembly plate is kept concentric and in the same straight line.
MAG welding
(1) The soldering environment temperature was 22 ℃.
(2) The welding protective gas contains 2% CO2The flow rate of the argon gas is 26L/min, the flow rate of the back protection gas is 24L/min.
(3) The welding seam is filled with welding materials, the welding materials are ER316L, the diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.0mm, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 9mm, and the wire feeding speed is 8 m/min.
(4) Before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, the welding line energy is 181J/mm, and after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, the welding line energy is 4J/mm.
Quality inspection and judgment of weld joints
The appearance of the surface of the welding seam is smooth and flat, the welding seam is uniform and consistent,the welding seam has no defects of air holes, welding beading and the like, and the weld seam allowance is 0.10 mm; the coarsening degree of the grain of the heat affected zone structure is 0.5 grade; the crack direction of the cup bulge test is parallel to the length direction of the steel strip; room temperature impact toughness A of welded jointKV241J, and the straightness of the welded steel strip was 3 mm/m.
From the foregoing it will be appreciated that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications or improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Such variations and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. Method for welding stainless steel strips, including ferritic, austenitic and duplex stainless steel strips, wherein the welding is performed using a gas Metal Active Gas (MAG) welding, wherein the welding shielding gas is a 2-3% CO containing gas2The flow of welding protective gas is 26-27L/min, the flow of back protection gas is argon, the flow of back protection gas is 24-25L/min, the energy of a welding line is 180 plus 190J/mm before the welding wire is separated from the molten drop, and the energy of the welding line is less than or equal to 10J/mm after the welding wire is separated from the molten drop;
the diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.0mm, the thickness of the stainless steel strip is 3-4mm, the groove is in a V-shaped joint form, the angle of the groove is 52-60 degrees, and the gap is 1.0 mm.
2. The welding method of claim 1, wherein the welding environment temperature is 20-22 ℃.
3. The welding method of claim 2, wherein the wire feed speed is 8-10 m/min.
4. The welding method of claim 3, wherein the stainless steel strip has a width of 6010 mm.
5. The stainless steel strip produced by the welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the weld reinforcement is 0.15mm or less.
6. The stainless steel strip of claim 5 wherein the degree of grain coarsening of the heat affected zone structure is less than or equal to 0.5.
7. The stainless steel strip of claim 6 wherein the weld joint has room temperature impact toughness AKV2≥27J。
8. The stainless steel strip of claim 7 wherein the weld strip flatness is 4mm/m or less.
CN201711281628.3A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Welding method of stainless steel strip Active CN108044223B (en)

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CN109352143B (en) * 2018-10-29 2021-05-11 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 Stainless steel hot-rolled coil welding method
CN111331268A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-26 本钢板材股份有限公司 Method for preventing strip breakage of cold-rolled hot-formed steel welding seam rolling mill
CN111715982A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-09-29 太原科技大学 Novel welding method of high-alloy austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel
CN111702335B (en) * 2020-06-05 2022-03-08 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 Process method for welding 304 stainless steel plate
CN114669837A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-06-28 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 Gas shielded welding process for welding duplex stainless steel test plate
CN114749770A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-07-15 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 Gas shielded welding method for duplex stainless steel
CN115502519A (en) * 2022-10-17 2022-12-23 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 Preparation method of ferritic stainless steel welded pipe with high-toughness welding heat affected zone

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