CN108040556B - Vegetable transplanting machine damping system and damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves - Google Patents

Vegetable transplanting machine damping system and damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108040556B
CN108040556B CN201810058517.4A CN201810058517A CN108040556B CN 108040556 B CN108040556 B CN 108040556B CN 201810058517 A CN201810058517 A CN 201810058517A CN 108040556 B CN108040556 B CN 108040556B
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cylinder body
transplanting machine
vegetable transplanting
ultrasonic
stf
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CN108040556A (en
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金鑫
陈凯康
姬江涛
文亚州
张海洋
李明勇
张洋
姚昊明
庞靖
胡双卫
王朝阳
戴宝琼
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/006Other parts or details or planting machines

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a vegetable transplanting machine damping system and a damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves, wherein the damping system is based on the characteristics of the STF and the ultrasonic waves, utilizes the ultrasonic waves to propagate in a shear thickening liquid to cause vibration of a liquid medium, so that the consistency of the liquid is increased, the hardness is increased, and the reaction force is sufficiently large for a piston to achieve the damping effect.

Description

Vegetable transplanting machine damping system and damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a vegetable transplanting machine damping system and a damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves.
Background
The prolonged vibration of the machine tool necessarily presents a significant hazard to the machine itself and even to the operator. Due to the existence of vibration, the dynamic precision and the service performance of the vegetable transplanting machine are greatly reduced, meanwhile, the mechanical vibration can generate repeatedly-changed load, the service life of the vegetable transplanting machine is inevitably reduced for a long time, and even serious disaster accidents which are difficult to compensate are caused. Worse still, vibration presents a hazard to the human body and the environment. For example, prolonged contact with vibration sources can cause vibration diseases and exacerbate damage to human organs. Moreover, noise pollution caused by vibration is not negligible, a mechanical operator can generate transient tinnitus phenomenon when the vibration is light, the physiological and psychological harm is brought to people, and traffic accidents and environmental pollution are caused when the vibration is heavy. Therefore, the vibration of the machine is not retarded.
The invention innovatively and greatly refers to a Shear Thickening Fluid (STF), and utilizes the principle that the fluid can be instantaneously changed into a hard object when the STF is subjected to sudden external force, thereby achieving the effect of good shock absorption. The following is a specific embodiment of the STF damping mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vegetable transplanting machine damping system and a damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the vegetable transplanting machine damping system based on STF and ultrasonic waves is arranged on a vegetable transplanting machine to damp the vegetable transplanting machine and comprises a cylinder body and an ultrasonic transducer arranged in the cylinder body, wherein the bottom of the cylinder body is connected with a lower supporting plate, a piston capable of sliding up and down in the cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder body, a piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the cylinder body and then is connected with an upper supporting plate, the upper supporting plate is arranged on the vegetable transplanting machine, the piston divides an inner cavity of the cylinder body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, one end of the piston rod of the piston is arranged in the upper cavity, the other end of the piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the cylinder body and then is connected with the upper supporting plate, shear thickening liquid is filled in the lower cavity, and the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the lower cavity and is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder body; the ultrasonic transducer comprises an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate, wherein the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are respectively provided with a displacement sensor capable of converting the displacement of the upper supporting plate into a voltage signal, the lower supporting plate is provided with an operational amplifier for amplifying the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor, the upper supporting plate is provided with a sampling holder capable of converting the amplified voltage signal into a direct current signal, and the lower supporting plate is also provided with an ultrasonic generator capable of converting the direct current signal output by the sampling holder into an alternating current signal matched with the ultrasonic transducer.
Preferably, a protection spring for protecting the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the lower cavity.
Preferably, the protection spring is mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder body, and the central axes of the protection spring and the ultrasonic transducer are coincident.
Preferably, the cylinder body comprises a lower cylinder body in a column shape and a cover body connected with the top end of the lower cylinder body, the bottom of the lower cylinder body is connected with the lower supporting plate, and the ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the central position of the inner wall of the bottom of the lower cylinder body.
Preferably, the cross section of the cover body is arc-shaped, and the intrados of the cross section of the cover body faces the lower cylinder body.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the center of the cover body, and a piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the through hole and then is connected with the upper supporting plate.
Preferably, an operational amplifier circuit is provided inside the operational amplifier.
Preferably, the operational amplifier circuit is a TLC2252 operational amplifier circuit.
Preferably, a sample-hold circuit is disposed in the sample holder, the sample-hold circuit includes a buffer amplifier N1, an analog switch S, a holding capacitor C, and a buffer amplifier N2, an inverting input terminal of the buffer amplifier N1 is connected to an output terminal thereof, a non-inverting input terminal of the buffer amplifier N1 is connected to an output terminal of the operational amplifier, an output terminal of the buffer amplifier N1 is connected to a non-inverting input terminal of the buffer amplifier N2 through the analog switch S, an inverting input terminal of the buffer amplifier N2 is connected to an output terminal thereof, an output terminal of the buffer amplifier N2 is connected to an ultrasonic transducer, and a non-inverting input terminal of the buffer amplifier N2 is connected to a zero potential point through the holding capacitor C.
A damping method of a vegetable transplanting machine damping system based on STF and ultrasonic wave comprises the following steps,
step one: the vegetable transplanting machine vibrates after being impacted, the upper support plate and the piston vibrate along with the vegetable transplanting machine, the upper support plate and the lower support plate are correspondingly provided with displacement sensors, the displacement sensors detect the displacement of the upper support plate, and the detected displacement signals are converted into voltage signals;
step two: the displacement sensor transmits the output voltage signal to the operational amplifier, and the operational amplifier amplifies the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor;
step three: the operational amplifier transmits the amplified voltage signal to the sampling holder, the sampling holder obtains the voltage average value of the amplified voltage signal at each moment, and then the A/D conversion is carried out, and the analog voltage signal formed after the A/D conversion is converted into a direct current signal;
step four: the sampling holder transmits the direct current signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator converts the direct current signal into an alternating current signal matched with the ultrasonic transducer;
step five: the ultrasonic generator transmits alternating current signals to the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer starts to work and outputs ultrasonic waves after receiving the alternating current signals, the ultrasonic waves propagate in the shear thickening liquid, so that the consistency and the hardness of the shear thickening liquid are increased, and an upward reaction force is applied to the piston moving downwards, so that the damping effect is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the shear thickening liquid is used as a damping stress body, and the characteristics that the shear thickening liquid is impacted to quickly become tough and the impact force disappears and immediately returns to the original state are utilized, so that the damping system is subjected to different impact forces to give corresponding reaction forces, and the reaction forces can be correspondingly adjusted along with the change of the impact force of vibration, so that the damping effect can be better;
2. the shear thickening liquid consists of polyethylene glycol and silicon particles, and the polyethylene glycol is nontoxic liquid with wide application and wide bearable temperature range. The novel material not only avoids the mechanical friction of the traditional device, reduces noise pollution and prolongs the service life, but also can generate larger reaction force with smaller liquid medium, reduces the volume and the mass of the device, and ensures that the damping device is more environment-friendly and pollution-free;
3. the invention uses the displacement sensor to control the voltage, changes the traditional device to change the resistance control current, avoids the manual regulation and control of the potentiometer in the traditional device, realizes intelligent automatic regulation and control, simplifies the mechanical device, and is convenient for production and maintenance;
4. the invention utilizes the organic combination of a displacement sensor, an operational amplifier, a sampling retainer, A/D conversion and the like, and utilizes the magnitude of impact force acted by displacement change reaction between an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate of a damping device, thereby outputting a voltage signal, converting the voltage signal into a current value corresponding to each moment, and finally converting the current value into ultrasonic waves with corresponding frequencies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cylinder in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an ultrasonic transducer according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the protection spring of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sample-and-hold circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an operational amplifier circuit according to the present invention;
the marks in the figure: 1. the device comprises a displacement sensor 2, an upper supporting plate 3, a sampling retainer 4, an operational amplifier 5, a lower supporting plate 6, an ultrasonic generator 7, a cylinder body 8, a cover body 9, a piston 10, an ultrasonic transducer 11, a protection spring 12, an upper cavity 13, a lower cavity 14 and a lower cylinder body.
Detailed Description
The shear thickening fluid (Shear Thickening Fluid) (STF) used in the present invention has a plurality of special particles freely suspended therein, and when the fluid is disturbed by a severe impact, the special particles collide with each other, the shear thickening fluid thickens and the hardness gradually increases, and resistance to such agitation is developed. When the impact force applied to the liquid is eliminated, the liquid can quickly recover. When the ultrasonic wave propagates by virtue of the elastic medium, particles in the elastic medium can oscillate, and energy is transmitted through the medium according to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave, and the acceleration of particle oscillation is proportional to the square of the ultrasonic frequency. Based on the characteristics of the shear thickening liquid and the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in the shear thickening liquid to cause the vibration of a liquid medium, so that the consistency of the liquid is increased, the hardness is increased, and the reaction force is enough to the piston, so that the damping effect is achieved, and the technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a vegetable transplanting machine damping system based on STF and ultrasonic waves is installed on the vegetable transplanting machine to damp the vegetable transplanting machine, the damping system comprises a cylinder 7 and an ultrasonic transducer 10 arranged in the cylinder, the bottom of the cylinder 7 is connected with a lower supporting plate 5, a piston 9 capable of sliding up and down in the cylinder is arranged in the cylinder 7, a piston rod of the piston 9 penetrates out of the cylinder 7 and then is connected with an upper supporting plate 2, the upper supporting plate 2 is installed on the vegetable transplanting machine, an inner cavity of the cylinder 7 is divided into an upper cavity 12 and a lower cavity 13 by the piston 9, one end of a piston rod of the piston 9 is arranged in the upper cavity 12, the other end of the piston rod of the piston 9 penetrates out of the cylinder 7 and then is connected with the upper supporting plate 2, a shear thickening liquid is filled in the lower cavity 13, the ultrasonic transducer 10 is arranged in the lower cavity 13, and the ultrasonic transducer 10 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder 7; the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 5 are correspondingly provided with a displacement sensor 1 capable of converting the displacement of the upper support plate 2 into a voltage signal, the lower support plate 5 is provided with an operational amplifier 4 for amplifying the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor 1, the upper support plate 2 is provided with a sampling holder 3 capable of converting the amplified voltage signal into a direct current signal, and the lower support plate 5 is also provided with an ultrasonic generator 6 capable of converting the direct current signal output by the sampling holder into an alternating current signal matched with the ultrasonic transducer 10.
Further optimizing the scheme, a protection spring 11 for protecting the ultrasonic transducer 10 is arranged in the lower cavity 13.
Further optimizing the scheme, the protection spring 11 is installed on the inner wall of cylinder body 7 bottom, protection spring 11 with the central axis coincidence of ultrasonic transducer 10 two.
Further optimizing this scheme, as shown in fig. 3, the cylinder body 7 includes the lower cylinder body 14 that is the column type and the lid 8 that is connected with the top of lower cylinder body 14, the bottom of lower cylinder body 14 with lower backup pad 5 links to each other, ultrasonic transducer 10 installs the central point department of lower cylinder body 14 bottom inner wall.
Further optimizing this scheme, the transversal arc of personally submitting of lid 8 just the intrados of lid 8 cross section is towards lower cylinder body 14.
Further optimizing this scheme, the central point department of lid 8 has seted up the through-hole, the piston rod of piston 9 is worn out in from the through-hole and is linked to each other with last backup pad 2.
Further optimizing the scheme, an operational amplifier circuit is arranged in the operational amplifier 4, and the operational amplifier circuit is a TLC2252 operational amplifier circuit; as shown in FIG. 7, the operational amplifier circuit comprises a triode T and a base to ground voltageCollector voltage to ground->First resistor->Second resistor->And an input voltage Ui, the two ends of which are connected in series with a first resistor +.>Base of transistor T, emitter of transistor T and base-to-ground voltageAre connected; the collector of the triode T is sequentially connected with a second resistor +.>Collector voltage to ground->Is connected with the emitter of the triode T after being connected, wherein the input voltage Ui is a voltage signal output by the displacement sensor, the emitter of the triode T is connected with a zero potential point, and the potential difference between the collector and the emitter of the triode T is the output voltage +.>
Further optimizing this scheme, the inside of sample holder 3 is provided with sample hold circuit, as shown in fig. 6, sample hold circuit includes buffer amplifier N1, analog switch S, holding capacitor C and buffer amplifier N2, buffer amplifier N1 'S inverting input links to each other with its output, buffer amplifier N1' S non-inverting input links to each other with operational amplifier 'S output, buffer amplifier N1' S output links to each other with buffer amplifier N2 'S non-inverting input through analog switch S, buffer amplifier N2' S inverting input links to each other with its output, buffer amplifier N2 'S output links to each other with ultrasonic transducer, buffer amplifier N2' S non-inverting input links to each other with zero potential point through holding capacitor C.
A damping method of a vegetable transplanting machine damping system based on STF and ultrasonic wave comprises the following steps,
step one: the vegetable transplanting machine vibrates after being impacted, the upper support plate and the piston vibrate along with the vegetable transplanting machine, the upper support plate and the lower support plate are correspondingly provided with displacement sensors, the displacement sensors detect the displacement of the upper support plate, and the detected displacement signals are converted into voltage signals;
step two: because the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor is weak, the displacement sensor transmits the output voltage signal to the operational amplifier, and the operational amplifier amplifies the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor; amplifying an input weak voltage signal to a required amplitude value and consistent with the change rule of an original input signal;
step three: the operational amplifier transmits the amplified voltage signal to the sampling holder, the sampling holder obtains the voltage average value of the amplified voltage signal at each moment, and then the A/D conversion is carried out, and the analog voltage signal formed after the A/D conversion is converted into a direct current signal;
step four: the sampling holder transmits the direct current signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator converts the direct current signal into an alternating current signal matched with the ultrasonic transducer;
step five: the ultrasonic generator transmits an alternating current signal to the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer starts to work after receiving the alternating current signal, the input electric power is converted into mechanical power (namely ultrasonic waves), the ultrasonic waves propagate in the shear thickening liquid, so that the consistency of the shear thickening liquid is increased, the vibration of a liquid medium is caused, the hardness is increased, and an upward reaction force is applied to a piston moving downwards, so that the damping effect is achieved; the ultrasonic transducer has the advantages that the current values of the alternating current signals output at different moments received by the ultrasonic transducer are different, so that ultrasonic waves with different frequencies are emitted, the consistency and hardness of the shear thickening liquid can be changed continuously, the ultrasonic transducer is suitable for different degrees of vibration to give different reaction forces, and the damping effect can be greatly improved; it should be noted that, the acceleration of the particle oscillation in the liquid is proportional to the square of the ultrasonic frequency, that is, the larger the displacement detected by the displacement sensor is, the larger the current is, the higher the ultrasonic frequency emitted by the ultrasonic transducer is, the larger the acceleration of the particle oscillation in the liquid is, the higher the consistency and hardness of the shear thickening liquid are, and thus the larger the reaction force exerted by the shear thickening liquid on the piston is, and the better the damping effect is.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a vegetable transplanting machine shock mitigation system based on STF and ultrasonic wave, this shock mitigation system installs on vegetable transplanting machine and carries out shock attenuation to vegetable transplanting machine, and this shock mitigation system includes the cylinder body and sets up at the inside ultrasonic transducer of cylinder body, its characterized in that: the bottom of the cylinder body is connected with a lower supporting plate, a piston capable of sliding up and down in the cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder body, a piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the cylinder body and is connected with an upper supporting plate, the upper supporting plate is arranged on a vegetable transplanting machine, an inner cavity of the cylinder body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the piston, one end of the piston rod of the piston is arranged in the upper cavity, the other end of the piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the cylinder body and is connected with the upper supporting plate, shear thickening liquid is filled in the lower cavity, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the lower cavity, and the ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder body; the upper support plate and the lower support plate are correspondingly provided with displacement sensors capable of converting the displacement of the upper support plate into voltage signals, the lower support plate is provided with an operational amplifier for amplifying the voltage signals output by the displacement sensors, the upper support plate is provided with a sampling holder capable of converting the amplified voltage signals into direct current signals, and the lower support plate is also provided with an ultrasonic generator capable of converting the direct current signals output by the sampling holder into alternating current signals matched with the ultrasonic transducer; a protection spring for protecting the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the lower cavity; the cylinder body comprises a lower cylinder body in a column shape and a cover body connected with the top end of the lower cylinder body, the bottom of the lower cylinder body is connected with the lower supporting plate, and the ultrasonic transducer is installed at the center position of the inner wall of the bottom of the lower cylinder body.
2. The shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protection spring is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder body, and the central axes of the protection spring and the ultrasonic transducer coincide.
3. The shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the cover body is arc-shaped, and the inner cambered surface of the cross section of the cover body faces the lower cylinder body.
4. A shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the center of the cover body is provided with a through hole, and a piston rod of the piston penetrates out of the through hole and then is connected with the upper supporting plate.
5. The shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an operational amplifier circuit is arranged in the operational amplifier.
6. The shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the operational amplifier circuit is a TLC2252 operational amplifier circuit.
7. The shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein: the inside of sample holder is provided with sample hold circuit, sample hold circuit includes buffer amplifier N1, analog switch S, holding capacitor C and buffer amplifier N2, buffer amplifier N1 'S inverting input end links to each other with its output, buffer amplifier N1' S homophase input end with operational amplifier 'S output links to each other, buffer amplifier N1' S output passes through analog switch S and links to each other with buffer amplifier N2 'S homophase input, buffer amplifier N2' S inverting input end links to each other with its output, buffer amplifier N2 'S output links to each other with ultrasonic transducer, buffer amplifier N2' S homophase input end links to each other with zero potential point through holding capacitor C.
8. A method for damping a shock absorbing system for a vegetable transplanting machine based on STF and ultrasonic waves as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of,
step one: the vegetable transplanting machine vibrates after being impacted, the upper support plate and the piston vibrate along with the vegetable transplanting machine, the upper support plate and the lower support plate are correspondingly provided with displacement sensors, the displacement sensors detect the displacement of the upper support plate, and the detected displacement signals are converted into voltage signals;
step two: the displacement sensor transmits the output voltage signal to the operational amplifier, and the operational amplifier amplifies the voltage signal output by the displacement sensor;
step three: the operational amplifier transmits the amplified voltage signal to the sampling holder, the sampling holder obtains the voltage average value of the amplified voltage signal at each moment, and then the A/D conversion is carried out, and the analog voltage signal formed after the A/D conversion is converted into a direct current signal;
step four: the sampling holder transmits the direct current signal to the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator converts the direct current signal into an alternating current signal matched with the ultrasonic transducer;
step five: the ultrasonic generator transmits alternating current signals to the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer starts to work and outputs ultrasonic waves after receiving the alternating current signals, the ultrasonic waves propagate in the shear thickening liquid, so that the consistency and the hardness of the shear thickening liquid are increased, and an upward reaction force is applied to the piston moving downwards, so that the damping effect is achieved.
CN201810058517.4A 2018-01-22 2018-01-22 Vegetable transplanting machine damping system and damping method based on STF and ultrasonic waves Active CN108040556B (en)

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CN113243814B (en) * 2021-06-02 2022-02-15 日照职业技术学院 Hardness-adjustable flexible collodion scrubbing device

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