CN108039635B - A kind of full optical fiber laser system and method generating ultrashort light pulse - Google Patents
A kind of full optical fiber laser system and method generating ultrashort light pulse Download PDFInfo
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- CN108039635B CN108039635B CN201711281202.8A CN201711281202A CN108039635B CN 108039635 B CN108039635 B CN 108039635B CN 201711281202 A CN201711281202 A CN 201711281202A CN 108039635 B CN108039635 B CN 108039635B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse, system of the invention specifically includes pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, the first fiber bragg grating, the first dispersion compensating fiber, er-doped gain fibre, the second dispersion compensating fiber, the second fiber bragg grating.The reflection kernel wavelength of first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating has certain offset.System and method of the invention is not needed in intracavitary introducing saturable absorber, but based on central wavelength, there are the periodical spectral loss modulation that two fiber bragg gratings of certain deviation amount provide, and the generation of ultrashort pulse is realized under the collective effects such as interacvity gain, loss, dispersion and nonlinear effect.The full optical fiber laser system for the generation ultrashort light pulse that the present invention is built has the characteristics that structure is simple, cheap, stability is good, above can be used as ultra-short pulse source in application and uses.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology fields, and in particular to a kind of ultrashort pulse fiber laser.
Background technique
Ultrashort pulse fiber laser is one of worldwide hot research topic.Ultrashort pulse fiber laser tool
Have the advantages that good beam quality, high-efficient, compact-sized, thermal diffusivity it is good, it can be achieved that narrow spaces, high-peak power ultrashort pulse
Output is widely used in basic scientific research, high speed optical communication, optical signal prosessing, micromachined, ultrafast laser spectrum, amount
The fields such as the relevant control of son, medical treatment and delicate metering.
So far, the generation of ultrashort pulse is generally realized using mode-locking technique, mode-locking technique can be mainly divided into actively
Mode locking and passive mode-locking two ways.Wherein, structure is complicated for Active Mode-locked Fiber Laser, expensive, and chamber is longer, difficult
To realize that ultrashort pulse exports.And passive mode-locking fiber laser structure is simple, it is low in cost, it is easy to accomplish all-fiber.
Passive mode-locking is a kind of common method that optical fiber laser obtains ultrashort pulse.It utilizes saturable absorber
Nonlinear loss characteristic realizes the PGC demodulation in laser between each mode, to generate stable ultrashort light pulse.Saturable
Absorber is roughly divided into two class of true saturable absorber and equivalent saturable absorber, and the latter is to utilize intracavitary nonlinear effect
The intensity dependent loss characteristics for being similar to true saturable absorber are generated, to realize mode locking.So far, there are many mode lockings
Technology, such as nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR), semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), single-walled carbon nanotube, but these
Technology all comes with some shortcomings.Nonlinear polarization rotation technology is very sensitive to polarization state, and stability is poor, repeatability compared with
It is low；Semiconductor saturable absorber mirror complex manufacturing technology, production cost are higher；The production of single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber
When due to diameter it is uncontrollable so that there is biggish insertion loss to specific optical maser wavelength, so that damage threshold is lower, it is difficult to real
Now big energy pulse output.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of all -fibers for generating ultrashort light pulse to swash
Photosystem.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of full optical fiber laser system for generating ultrashort light pulse, including pumping source, wavelength-division
Multiplexer, er-doped gain fibre, the first fiber bragg grating, the second fiber bragg grating and dispersion compensating fiber；Wave
Division multiplexer, er-doped gain fibre, the first fiber bragg grating, the second fiber bragg grating pass sequentially through dispersion compensation light
Fibre connection, constitutes linear resonant cavity；The connection of the pumping end of pumping source and wavelength division multiplexer, the input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer is as arteries and veins
Rush output end.
Preferably, pumping source is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, exports the central wavelength lambda of pump light are as follows:
980nm。
Preferably, the wavelength-division range of wavelength division multiplexer is 980nm/1550nm.
Preferably, the length of er-doped gain fibre is 1m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
Preferably, the first dispersion compensating fiber length is 2m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
Preferably, the second dispersion compensating fiber length is 2m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
Preferably, the reflection kernel wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating is 1551.6nm, bandwidth 1nm, and reflectivity is
97%.
Preferably, the reflection kernel wavelength of the second fiber bragg grating is 1548.4nm, bandwidth 1nm, and reflectivity is
97%.
Based on above system, the invention also provides a kind of methods for generating ultrashort light pulse, specifically includes the following steps:
S1, the laser issued by pumping source are coupled into intracavitary, the generation frequency after er-doped gain fibre through wavelength division multiplexer
Rate is ω0Continuous optical signal；
S2, due to the reflection kernel wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating have it is certain inclined
Shifting amount will introduce periodic spectral loss mudulation effect intracavitary, so that in spectral centroid frequencies omega0Both sides generate frequency spectrum side
Band, if the corresponding frequency of its spectral sideband and centre frequency ω0Difference be respectively ± Ω, to excite unstable oscillation mode
Formula；
S3, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the first fiber bragg grating of Δ ω, frequency ω0+ Ω's
Light wave components are lost, at this point, frequency is respectively ω0- Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus will
It is ω that amount, which is coupled to frequency,0On the light wave components of+Ω, wherein Δ ω is angular frequency deviation amount；
S4, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the second fiber bragg grating of+Δ ω, frequency ω0- Ω's
Light wave components are lost, at this point, frequency is respectively ω0+ Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus will
It is ω that amount, which is coupled to frequency,0On the light wave components of-Ω；
S5, step S3-S4 is periodically repeated, each oscillation mode in spectral sideband is finally made to realize stable increasing
It is long, continuous wave is shown as in the time domain is changed into weak pulse train；
S6, after the power of pumping source is more than laser threshold, the weak pulse signal in linear resonant cavity is in intracavitary multiple warp
Amplified after crossing er-doped gain fibre.
In intracavitary evolution, spectrum is broadened due to nonlinear effects such as Self-phase modulations for S7, pulse.
S8, pulse propagation to centre frequency are ω0After the fiber bragg grating of Δ ω, spectrum is within grating bandwidth σ
Part is reflected, and rest part is filtered out by grating；
S9, continued to develop intracavitary by the light pulse that the first fiber bragg grating reflects, repeat step S7；
S10, pulse propagation to centre frequency are ω0The fiber bragg grating of+Δ ω, spectrum is within grating bandwidth σ
Part is reflected, and rest part is filtered out by grating；
S11, repetition step S7-S10 are modulated by multiple periodically spectral loss, are drilled until being in harmony certainly in intracavitary formation
Change, finally realize stable pulse output, repetition rate f meets the π of Ω=2 f.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: system and method for the invention is not needed in intracavitary introducing saturable absorber, but
Based on central wavelength, there are the periodical spectral loss modulation that two fiber bragg gratings of certain deviation amount provide, and in chamber
The generation of ultrashort pulse is realized under the collective effects such as interior gain, loss, dispersion and nonlinear effect.The generation that the present invention is built
The full optical fiber laser system of ultrashort light pulse has the characteristics that structure is simple, cheap, stability is good.In addition, output light arteries and veins
The repetition rate f of punching is not only related with chamber length, therefore can also with pump power and the relating to parameters such as intra-cavity dispersion, non-linear
The generation of high repetition frequency ultrashort pulse is realized by suitably adjusting laser system parameter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of full optical fiber laser system structure diagram for generating ultrashort light pulse provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is output pulse sequence of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the output pulse temporal figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention by the pulsed light spectrogram before the first fiber bragg grating.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention by the pulsed light spectrogram after the first fiber bragg grating.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention by the pulsed light spectrogram before the second fiber bragg grating.
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present invention by the pulsed light spectrogram after the second fiber bragg grating.
Description of symbols: 1-pumping source, 2-wavelength division multiplexers, the 3-the first fiber bragg grating, the 4-the first color
Dissipate compensated optical fiber, 5-er-doped gain fibres, the 6-the second dispersion compensating fiber, the 7-the second fiber bragg grating.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of full optical fiber laser systems for generating ultrashort light pulse, as shown in Figure 1, including pump
Pu source 1, wavelength division multiplexer 2, the first fiber bragg grating 3, the first dispersion compensating fiber 4, er-doped gain fibre 5, the second color
Dissipate compensated optical fiber 6, the second fiber bragg grating 7.Wherein, wavelength division multiplexer 2, the first fiber bragg grating 3, er-doped gain
Optical fiber 5, the second fiber bragg grating 7 pass sequentially through dispersion compensating fiber connection, constitute linear resonant cavity；Pumping source 1 and wave
The pumping end of division multiplexer 2 connects；Output end of the input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 2 as resonant cavity.
Wherein, pumping source 1 is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, in the embodiment of the present invention, during pumping source 1 uses
The single mode semiconductor laser of a length of 980nm of cardiac wave.
The wavelength-division range of wavelength division multiplexer 2 is 980nm/1550nm.
The high-gain optical fiber of Nufern company, U.S. production can be used in er-doped gain fibre 5, and the length is 1m, in 1550nm
Locate its abbe number β2For 26ps2/km。
The high-performance of Nufern company, U.S. production can be used in first dispersion compensating fiber 4 and the second dispersion compensating fiber 6
Dispersion compensating fiber, total length 4m, its abbe number β at 1550nm2For 8ps2/km。
The narrow band fiber bragg grating of Teraxion company production, reflection kernel wave can be used in first fiber bragg grating 3
A length of 1551.6nm, bandwidth 1nm, reflectivity 97%.
The narrow band fiber bragg grating of Teraxion company production, reflection kernel wave can be used in second fiber bragg grating 7
A length of 1548.4nm, bandwidth 1nm, reflectivity 97%.
Physical model involved in the present invention and method for numerical simulation are specific as follows:
For the evolutionary process of ultra-short pulse generation in true, accurate simulation system provided by the invention, the object of use
Reason model fully considers the influence that each discrete device transmits intracavitary pulse in system, and is carried out by split-step fast Fourier transformed method
Numerical solution.When intracavitary fiber bragg grating is passed through in light pulse, by light field multiplied by the corresponding transmission equation of the device:
In formula, Δ ω is angular frequency deviation amount, and σ is filter bandwidht, and r is the reflection coefficient of grating.
When intracavitary optical fiber is passed through in light pulse, the transmission characteristic of pulse in a fiber is described using Ginzburg-Landau equation:
U is pulse amplitude envelope in formula；T and z is time and transmission range respectively；I is imaginary unit；β2, γ and ΩgPoint
Fibre-optical dispersion, non-linear parameter and gain bandwidth are not represented.G is fiber gain coefficient, for general single mode fiber, g=
0.Consider that gain saturaition, gain coefficient g may be expressed as:
G=g0exp(-Ep/Es) (3)
G in formula0, EpAnd EsRespectively represent small signal gain coefficient, pulse energy and gain saturation energy, g0With pumping
The power in source 1 is directly proportional.
Numerical simulation is carried out to full optical fiber laser system proposed by the present invention, in order to accurately simulate system proposed by the present invention
System is provided with following simulation parameter: er-doped gain fibre 5 a length of 1m, the β at 1550nm2For 26ps2/km；Dispersion compensating fiber 4
Length with dispersion compensating fiber 6 is 2m, the β at 1550nm2It is 8ps2/km；Er-doped gain fibre 5 is non-thread in system
Property parameter γ be 5.8/W/km, the non-linear parameter γ of dispersion compensating fiber 4 and dispersion compensating fiber 6 is 3/W/km；Gain
Bandwidth ΩgFor 24nm；Small-signal gain g0For 30dB/m；Gain saturation energy EsFor 1nJ.
Based on above system, a kind of method generating ultrashort light pulse proposed by the present invention, this method does not need insertion and appoints
What saturable absorber device, the formation of pulse is nonlinear synergetics process, by spontaneous emission noise self-starting
It is formed, comprising the following steps:
S1, the laser issued by pumping source 1 are coupled into intracavitary through wavelength division multiplexer 2, generate after er-doped gain fibre 5
Frequency is ω0Continuous optical signal.
S2, due to the reflection kernel wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating 3 and the second fiber bragg grating 7 have it is certain
Offset will introduce periodic spectral loss mudulation effect intracavitary, so that in spectral centroid frequencies omega0It is generated at the Ω of both sides
Spectral sideband, to excite unstable oscillation mode.
S3, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the first fiber bragg grating 3 of Δ ω, frequency ω0+Ω
Light wave components be lost.At this point, frequency is respectively ω0- Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus will
Energy coupling to frequency be ω0On the light wave components of+Ω.
S4, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the second fiber bragg grating 7 of+Δ ω, frequency ω0-Ω
Light wave components be lost.At this point, frequency is respectively ω0+ Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus will
Energy coupling to frequency be ω0On the light wave components of-Ω.
S5, step S3-S4 is periodically repeated, each oscillation mode in spectral sideband is finally made to realize stable increasing
It is long, continuous wave is shown as in the time domain is changed into weak pulse train.
S6, when pumping source 1 power be more than laser threshold after, (present system refers both to one kind provided by the invention to system
Generate the full optical fiber laser system of ultrashort light pulse) intracavitary weak pulse signal intracavitary repeatedly after er-doped gain fibre 5
Amplified.
In intracavitary evolution, spectrum is broadened due to nonlinear effects such as Self-phase modulations for S7, pulse.
S8, pulse propagation to centre frequency are ω0After the fiber bragg grating 3 of Δ ω, spectrum grating bandwidth σ it
Inner part is reflected, and rest part is filtered out by grating.
S9, continued to develop intracavitary by the light pulse that the first fiber bragg grating 3 reflects, repeat step S7.
S10, later pulse propagation to centre frequency be ω0The fiber bragg grating 7 of+Δ ω, spectrum is in grating bandwidth σ
Inner part reflected, rest part is filtered out by grating.
S11, repetition step S7-S10 are modulated by multiple periodically spectral loss, are drilled until being in harmony certainly in intracavitary formation
Change, finally realize stable pulse output, repetition rate f meets the π of Ω=2 f.
Numerical simulation is carried out to system provided by the invention, result is as follows:
It is the output pulse sequence of embodiment shown in Fig. 2.It can be seen that pulse stabilization exports.
It is the output pulse temporal shape of embodiment shown in Fig. 3.It can be seen that pulse temporal shape is Gaussian, arteries and veins
Rushing width is 4.25ps.
It is embodiment shown in Fig. 4 by the pulsed light spectrogram before the first fiber bragg grating.It can be seen that pulse is logical
Before crossing grating, spectrum is wider.
It is embodiment shown in Fig. 5 by the pulsed light spectrogram after the first fiber bragg grating.It can be seen that pulse is logical
It after crossing this grating, is acted on by spectral filtering, low frequency part is filtered out.
It is embodiment shown in Fig. 6 by the pulsed light spectrogram before the second fiber bragg grating.It can be seen that pulse passes through
The nonlinear effects such as the Self-phase modulation of optical fiber are crossed, so that spectrum widening.
It is embodiment shown in Fig. 7 by the pulsed light spectrogram after the second fiber bragg grating.It can be seen that pulse is logical
It after crossing this grating, is acted on by spectral filtering, high frequency section is filtered out.
In conclusion system and method for the invention can bring following effect:
(1) device used in the present invention is commonplace components used in Ordinary fiber lasers, all commercializations, so that this
The system cost of invention is cheap.
(2) present invention use all optical fibre structure, good beam quality, high conversion efficiency, good heat dissipation, without collimation, be easy to adjust
Section.
(3) present invention is without introducing saturable absorber, and structure is simple, and stability is good.
(4) device used in the present invention is not necessarily to consider the problems of damage threshold, can produce the pulse output of high-energy.
(5) present invention can realize the generation of high repetition frequency light pulse by the appropriate laser system parameter that adjusts.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field
Those of ordinary skill disclosed the technical disclosures can make according to the present invention and various not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific variations and combinations of kind, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of full optical fiber laser system for generating ultrashort light pulse, which is characterized in that including pumping source (1), wavelength division multiplexer
(2), the first fiber bragg grating (3), the first dispersion compensating fiber (4), er-doped gain fibre (5), the second dispersion compensation light
Fine (6), the second fiber bragg grating (7)；The wavelength division multiplexer (2), the first fiber bragg grating (3), er-doped gain
Optical fiber (5), the second fiber bragg grating (7) pass sequentially through dispersion compensating fiber connection, constitute linear resonant cavity；The pumping
Source (1) is connect with the pumping end of wavelength division multiplexer (2), output end of the input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer (2) as resonant cavity；
The reflection kernel wavelength of first fiber bragg grating (3) and the second fiber bragg grating (7) has certain
Offset, the offset can be between 2.6nm-4.0nm；
The reflection kernel wavelength of first fiber bragg grating (3) is 1551.6nm, bandwidth 1nm, and reflectivity is
97%；
The reflection kernel wavelength of second fiber bragg grating (7) is 1548.4nm, bandwidth 1nm, and reflectivity is
97%.
2. a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The pumping source (1) is semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser, exports the central wavelength lambda of pump light are as follows: 980nm.
3. a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The wavelength-division range of the wavelength division multiplexer (2) is 980nm/1550nm.
4. a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The length of the er-doped gain fibre (5) is 1m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
5. a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First dispersion compensating fiber (4) length is 2m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
6. a kind of full optical fiber laser system and method for generating ultrashort light pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Second dispersion compensating fiber (6) length is 2m, has positive dispersion near 1550nm.
7. a kind of method for generating ultrashort light pulse, specifically includes the following steps:
S1, it is coupled by the laser that pumping source issues through wavelength division multiplexer intracavitary, generating frequency after er-doped gain fibre is
ω0Continuous optical signal；
S2, there is certain offset due to the reflection kernel wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating
Amount will introduce periodic spectral loss mudulation effect intracavitary, so that in spectral centroid frequencies omega0Both sides generate frequency spectrum side
Band, if the corresponding frequency of its spectral sideband and centre frequency ω0Difference be respectively ± Ω, to excite unstable oscillation mode
Formula；
S3, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the first fiber bragg grating of Δ ω, frequency ω0The light wave of+Ω
Component is lost, at this point, frequency is respectively ω0- Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus by energy coupling
Closing frequency is ω0On the light wave components of+Ω, wherein Δ ω is angular frequency deviation amount；
S4, when optical signal by centre frequency be ω0When the second fiber bragg grating of+Δ ω, frequency ω0The light wave of-Ω
Component is lost, at this point, frequency is respectively ω0+ Ω and ω0Light wave components occur four-wave mixing process, thus by energy coupling
Closing frequency is ω0On the light wave components of-Ω；
S5, step S3-S4 is periodically repeated, each oscillation mode in spectral sideband is finally made to realize stable growth,
Continuous wave is shown as in time domain is changed into weak pulse train；
S6, after the power of pumping source is more than laser threshold, the weak pulse signal in linear resonant cavity is intracavitary multiple by mixing
Amplified after erbium gain fibre；
In intracavitary evolution, spectrum is broadened due to nonlinear effects such as Self-phase modulations for S7, pulse；
S8, pulse propagation to centre frequency are ω0After the fiber bragg grating of Δ ω, inner part of the spectrum in grating bandwidth σ
It is reflected, rest part is filtered out by grating；
S9, continued to develop intracavitary by the light pulse that the first fiber bragg grating reflects, repeat step S7；
S10, pulse propagation to centre frequency are ω0The fiber bragg grating of+Δ ω, inner part quilt of the spectrum in grating bandwidth σ
Reflection, rest part are filtered out by grating；
S11, step S7-S10 is repeated, is modulated by multiple periodically spectral loss, until being in harmony evolution certainly in intracavitary formed, most
Stable pulse output is realized eventually, and repetition rate f meets the π of Ω=2 f.
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| RU210166U1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-30 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный университет" | GENERATOR OF HIGH-FREQUENCY SEQUENCES OF ULTRASHORT LASER PULSES BASED ON AN OPTICAL FIBER WITH A RECORDED REFRACTIVE INDEX GRATING |
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| CN102130413A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Full optical fiber type supercontinuum laser source based on multi-component-doped silica optical fiber |
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| CN102130413A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Full optical fiber type supercontinuum laser source based on multi-component-doped silica optical fiber |
| CN103414093A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-11-27 | 北京工业大学 | All-fiber pulsed laser |
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