CN108028135A - 超级电容器和制造方法 - Google Patents
超级电容器和制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108028135A CN108028135A CN201680038673.3A CN201680038673A CN108028135A CN 108028135 A CN108028135 A CN 108028135A CN 201680038673 A CN201680038673 A CN 201680038673A CN 108028135 A CN108028135 A CN 108028135A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- ultracapacitor
- carbon nanotubes
- carbon
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N anilinium chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC1=CC=CC=C1 MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 NaOH or KOH Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims 4
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N nickel-63 Chemical compound [63Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 23
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005255 beta decay Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adamantane Natural products C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000579895 Chlorostilbon Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UJZMCJRSSA-N aniline;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.N[14C]1=[14CH][14CH]=[14CH][14CH]=[14CH]1 MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UJZMCJRSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001997 corrosion-resisting alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052876 emerald Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010976 emerald Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005258 radioactive decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003608 radiolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003255 radium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical group [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
- G21H1/02—Cells charged directly by beta radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/74—Terminals, e.g. extensions of current collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
- H01G11/82—Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及电气工程,并且特别涉及超级电容器。超级电容器包括封闭保护外壳,彼此电绝缘的第一和第二电极。电极中的一个或两个也与外壳绝缘。电池的空板容积和电极之间的空间充满电解液。在第一电极的表面上附着上具有C‑14同位素的含碳材料。超级电容器的制备方法在于:制备第一和第二电极,其中附着有由含碳材料制成的表面层,在紧密壳体内分配第一和第二电极并使其电绝缘,向壳体填充电解质液。向第一电极表面上的含碳材料层中引入C‑14同位素。实现了在不使用外部充电电源的情况下无需从外部电源充电和增加装置操作持续时间而创建用于电荷积累的装置的可能性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电工技术,用于电能的积累和储存,可以用于发电、转换、积累和长期储存电能,特别是作为微电子和自主电子设备的电源。
背景技术
已知装置(蓄电池)电力的积累,其原理是利用电能的二次来源,当电能转化为化学(充电时)和放电时再返回,当化学能转化为电能时。最常见的是铅蓄电池。它是由一个外壳组成,里面是一个二氧化铅的正电极和海绵铅的负电极组成。电极之间的空间使用硫酸水溶液电解液填充。在放电的过程中活动质量的正负极电极都转化为硫酸铅。当蓄电池工作时产生一个化学过程,叫做双硫酸化.[赫鲁斯塔廖夫D.А.蓄电池.–莫斯科市:绿宝石,2003.],[喀什塔诺夫V.P.,金托福V.V.,乌斯阔夫А.F.等.铅起动蓄电池.手册.–莫斯科市.:苏联国防部军事出版社,1983.-148页.].当电解质密度达到最大值时,充电结束。硫酸水溶液电解液为1.28克/立方厘米。放电接近尾声时密度降至1.08-1.10克/立方厘米,之后需要重新充电。
由于装置的简单性可制造性和相对较低的成本,这些装置是电能最常见的存储设备。该装置具有较高的能量密度,可重复充电和放电。
该装置的缺点是需要外部电源充电,充电时间长,限制功率,少量的充放电循环。通常,这些装置的资源不超过10年。
已知电力积累装置,称为电容器[麦克斯韦J.C.关于电和磁的论文.-多维尔,1873.-P.266ff.-ISBN 0-486-60637-6.],[B.М.亚沃尔斯基,А.А.德特拉夫.工程师和大学生物理学手册.–:莫斯科市《科学》,1968年]。
一个简单的电容器由两个电介质层隔开的金属板组成,这是一种不导电的材料。如果将电容器板连接到电能的一个来源,将会流动电流并在金属板上积累正负电荷。一旦电容器充电完成,电路中的电流变为零。如果电容器与能量源断开连接,则存储电荷将保持不变。当将电容器连接到电阻器时,通过它将电容器的放电电流输送到全负荷。这种充放电循环可以重复操作。
电容器作为电荷存储的优点是制造方便、较短的充电时间、容量更大、在损坏前比蓄电池充放电周期更大。
这种装置的缺点是需要外部的电源来给电容器充电。
已知电力积累装置,称为超级电容器或者电容器[康威B.E.电化学超级电容器.科学基础和技术应用.N.Y.:克拉维尔学术充气出版.,1999年,[先进多晶硅焊接区硅的局部氧化.原子核物理和核天体.,2000,77,2421页],[帕克拉托夫D.V等.柔韧的薄超级电容器基于多壁碳纳米管和导电聚苯胺复合物//科学和教育的现代问题.–2012.–No.4.],[http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl8038579].
在设计中,超级电容器以导电材料板的形式有两个电极,即有机或无机电解质。为了提高超级电容器板的电气参数,版面还需要再涂上一层多孔材料(通常是活性炭)。根据超级电容器的原理,它将两种装置结合在一起——电容器和蓄电池。
超级电容器储能是由两种机制完成:
-由电极-电解液界面中形成的电双层膜容量。这种情况下的容量定义为:
ε-双层介质的相对渗透率,ε0-真空的渗透性,А-电极的特定区域,d-电双层的有效厚度。
-由电极与电解液之间发生可逆化学反应而产生的假弹性。在这种情况下,电子的积累是法拉第效应,电子在氧化反应中形成,通过接口电极-电解质传递。金属氧化物的理论假弹性可根据公式计算:
п-氧化反应中释放的电子数,F-法拉第常数,М-金属氧化物的摩尔质量,V-操作电压的窗口。
此外,这些混合超级电容器提供了更高的容量和功率密度,同时保持了良好的稳定性。
碳纳米管具有双电层和假弹性的能力。根据碳纳米管的性质和电极的制造和配置方法,超级电容器的特定电容可以达到350法拉/克[周崇富.//基于碳纳米管的电化学超级电容器-2006,学院的聚合物,纺织品和纤维工程,乔治亚理工学院.-页-18].为了提高超级电容器的容量特性,进行了所谓的碳纳米管功能化,关于它们的特殊处理,在碳纳米管的结构中引入了原子,自由基和官能团。例如,碳纳米管功能化COOH组使特定的电容器电容量从0.25增加到91.25法拉/克[克里斯多夫M.安东,马太福音H.欧文//基于碳纳米管的柔性超级电容器–陆军研究实验室,2011.-P7].目前碳纳米管可达到的超级电容器的最高电容值为396法拉/克[http://scsiexplorer.com.ua/index.php/osnovnie-ponyatiya/1201-superkond ensator.html],因为技术的发展这些特性不断增加,有报告价值达到了500法拉/克[http://rusnanonet.ru/news/37452/]。
目前,大多数商业超级电容器的电极都是由各种改性碳(石墨、活性炭、碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳复合材料等)而制成,这些材料都是物美价廉的材料,具有良好的防腐蚀性能。相比活性炭,碳纳米管具有更高的电导率。超级电容器基于碳拥有具稳定的周期性和较长的寿命,因为在充电/放电过程中,电极表面和电极的大部分材料都不会泄漏化学反应,而电荷的积累和储存是通过电子双层结构来实现。
带碳纳米管超电容器的优点:
-与高比功率电容器相比,比电池具有更高的比容量。
-较长的寿命,即对充放电循环的阻力稳定性可以承受高达106,几乎不会降低容量。
就像对于蓄电池来说,超级电容器的主要缺点是需要外部电源来充电。
由英国物理学家G.莫斯利于1913年创建的已知放射性同位素源的电能(BetaCell)。它是一个玻璃烧瓶,内部镀银,在中间的一个孤立的电极上放着镭盐。衰变中的电子在玻璃球的银层和含镭盐的电极之间产生了一个电位差。通过真空烧瓶来增加的有限电压气体分解导致莫斯利网路被充电到高电压。
已知装置[专利RU 2113739 C1],用于接收由放射性阿尔法或衰变所产生的电力,包括两个封闭的水冷或空气金属外壳(发射器和收集器),一个位于另一个其中带有间隙和真空10-5-10-6毫米汞柱,其中放射性材料被涂在发射极上,以金属层形式厚度为25-100微米,转换成间隙和整流子。发射极和集电极之间安放了管理金属网,与高压变压器的二次绕组电连接,以50赫频率的工业交流电供电,而发射极和集电极与第二变压器的高压初级绕组电连接,二次绕组被连接到能源消耗器。该装置是一种永久可充电的电容器,电荷电流由发射器集电极的粒子通量决定。
所述设备的缺点是需要在发射器和收集器间隙之间保持真空,除了需要外置能源外,调节电网电压的幅度足以完全抑制放射性衰变粒子。
原型性能
超级电容器(超级电容器)的结构是已知的,电极在其中的功能就像板片在由碳纳米管(碳纳米管)制成的超简电容器中一样[沃尔夫科维奇等人,基于碳纳米管的电化学超级电容器。//电化动力工程。2008年第8册No.2-106-110页]。原型的工作电极采用在基层上均匀附着的方法制成,基底为致密石墨粉,由电弧法合成的纳米管制成。使用浓度为35重量%(密度1.26克/立方厘米)的硫酸溶液来作为电解质。为了提高碳纳米管的工作性能,通过在电解质中保持电位为1.1V的极化来使它们具有亲水化。原型的工作范围较广(高于1.4V),约20千瓦/公斤的单位功率和~1瓦/公斤的单位能量。
正如先前描述的类似产品,原型的缺点是需要外部电源来对超级电容器充电。
发明内容
本发明正在解决的技术问题是,构造一个装置来积蓄电能,不需要外部电源。
另一个技术问题是在不使用外部电源的情况下提高装置的使用时间。
现存的技术问题可得到解决,通过在所述的装置中,由电容器中带有碳纳米管的电极之一来完成,碳纳米管含β辐射的放射性同位素。在这种情况下,碳纳米管由放射性同位素C-14,或混合物制成,混合物为碳的稳定同位素和放射性同位素C-14。在碳纳米管中引入碳-14有三种方式:
а)直接在碳纳米管合成阶段,将组成成分中有C-14(如挥发性有机物,甲烷,СО或СО2等)的液态,固态或气态含碳材料作为原料;
b)通过用由自然稳定碳的碳纳米管制成的溶液或含有同位素C-14的挥发性气体化合物来浸渍;
c)使用电化学,热处理,电火花,激光,磁力,其他方式来使碳纳米管功能化,将含有同位素C-14的原子,自由基,官能团引入碳纳米管。
其他含β衰变的放射性同位素也可附在碳纳米管表面,例如放射性核素H-3,Ni-63,Sr-90,Kr-85,Am-241,As-227,Th-229,可在本质上显着增加电子释放和超级电容器电荷。
在这种情况下,可得到自充电超级电容器,其中电荷不是从外部电源产生的,而是从β电源在衰变时的电子能而获取的。
附图说明
图1显示了自充电超级电容器的配置。
图2a和2b展示了模拟探测超级电容器电池的配置和外观。
图3示出了具有C-14活性(等于1.74和6.0毫居里)的盐酸苯胺电池的充电动态。
图4示出了具有C-14活性(等于1.74毫居里)的盐酸苯胺电池的充电动态。
图5a和5b示出了充电动态(a)和电池放电(b),电池置于基底,带有碳纳米管,浸在浸在带有C-14活性(等于1.74毫居里)的盐酸苯胺中,电池中灌满了蒸馏水。
图6a和6b示出了在带有C-14活性(等于1.74毫居里)的盐酸苯胺中,电解质为0.1nH2S04(а)中的电池充电动态,以及在10千姆(b)负载稳定模式下的放电电流。
图7示出了用盐酸苯胺改变电池在充电模式下的电压和负载电流,盐酸苯胺带活性C-14(等于6毫居里),电解质为0.1n H2SO4。
图8a和8b示出了在带有C-14活性(等于6毫居里)的盐酸苯胺中,电解质为0.01nNaOH(а)中的电池充电动态,以及在10千姆(b)负载稳定模式下的放电电流。
具体实施方式
图1显示了自充电超级电容器的配置。它由金属基底(箭头1)组成,其上有一列碳纳米管(碳纳米管),含放射性同位素C-14(箭头2)。将基底置于氟塑料体外壳(箭头3),基底在此与具有外部端口(箭头5)的下部电极(箭头4)接触。活性基底上设置分离器(箭头6),阻止不同电极机械接触,并使得阴极和预阳极电解质难以混合。电池外壳充满电解液(箭头7)并用塑料盖(箭头8)盖上。在盖上接入与电解质接触的第二电极(箭头9)。盖子(箭头8)密封住电池。
图2(a,b)展示了模拟探测超级电容器电池的配置和外观。该电池由外壳1和盖子2组成,填充不锈钢,内部有氟塑料外壳3,和电极收集器4,与氟塑料基底5绝缘。测试工作电极8作为基底覆盖于橡胶环6上,用氟塑料轴衬7紧贴住。在基底的下侧进行侵蚀电导线与螺钉的弹性接触。电池通过电极4的孔的电解质来充电。
在给定几何尺寸时,露出的可见基底面积为0.5平房厘米,干电池的电容为82pF。
通过在纳米管上反复连续附着含有同位素C-14的苯胺盐酸盐的醇溶液使得带有碳纳米管的基底得以配备。对附着同位素的活性测定是通过计算来确定的,测量浸渍试剂前后的基质质量,利用由测热学方法测定的放射性比度性能。以这种方式测定的碳-14同位素活性对于两种不同的单一型基底是一样的1.74和6毫居里。补充测量(来自基底的β通量等于0.8×105和2.25×105min-1cm-2)。
使用数字毫伏表Щ-31(测量在由电解质填充的干燥电池上进行)对超级电容器电池的性能进行了研究,还专门准备了基于ADAM 4017+数字分析模板的自动测量系统,允许在自动模式下长期测量(电池用电解质填充)。
本发明的实施用以下例子进行说明。
例1
基底上有预形成的单面涂层,作为一列碳纳米管,厚度为~10微米,浸在盐酸苯胺的醇溶液中,其中同位素C-14代表了一半碳原子数。C-14(等于1.74和6.0毫居里)的总活性是通过干燥后增加基底质量来确定的。基底布置在具有上述结构的电池中,并且电池上有电压记录,按同位素C-14的β衰变来确定其电荷。干电池充电的动态如图3所示。
电池充电过程随着负电电子的放射而进行,结果使得带有碳纳米管的基底获得正电荷。在给电池充电后的24小时内和电压达到约400兆伏后,将电池置于负载电阻器上放电并记录电压。在10千姆电阻上的电池放电时间为几分之一秒,而在47毫姆电阻上——几分钟。第二种情况的放电动态如图4的图解所示。
电池放电持续约10分钟时的初始阶段呈指数趋势。此外,可看到明显的指数偏差,并且在稳态状态下,放电曲线达到恒定水平,在于放电速率和电池电荷相等时,电流由基底上β电源的活性决定。
上述实验证明,当干电池由β衰变电子直接充电时效率较低,因为只有一小部分衰变电子参与到达电极收集器的充电进程。此外,β衰变电子的一部分补偿基底的正电荷,被基底上的碳纳米管吸收。
例2
电池基底具有C-14活性(等于1.74毫居里),在干电池进行充电和放电实验后,将灌满蒸馏水。测量电池的充电和放电性能。
电池电压变化的动态和10千姆负载电阻器上的放电电流如图5所示。
在初始阶段期约20小时内,从罐水开始,由于纯水的离子电导率低导致电池效率低。这个阶段的电池电压大部分不超过50兆伏。将盐酸苯胺的部分从基底中溶解在水中形成额外的离子后,电池上的电压在接下来的10-12小时内逐渐增加。在稳定模式下,电池上的电压恒定,接近~300mV的恒定值,并在电池中有水的情况下也保持在该水平。在此阶段,10千姆电阻上的电池负载电流(图5b)稳定下来,大约为1微安/平方厘米.
据所述实验证明,具有碳-14碳纳米管的电容器电池在灌满蒸馏水时,无论是在作为转换器还是电能存储装置使用时,其效率都远远高于无水的同类电池。
例2
电池带基底,基底按照如例1所述配置,带有碳纳米管队列,浸在带C-14活性(等于6毫居里)的苯胺盐酸盐的醇溶液中,在灌满蒸馏水的电池中进行充电和放电实验后弄干,之后用0.1n H2SO4电解质填上。
电池电压变化由图6a的时间图来展示,稳定模式下在10千姆负载下,放电电流动态如图6b所示。
在初始阶段,放电电流的峰值达到4微安/平方厘米,之后降至1微安/平方厘米,中间时间段达到1.5微安/平方厘米。同样在图表上,放电曲线的结束部分显示,电流减小到零,与从非密封电池发生的水蒸发(或放射分解)相对应。
如图7所示,当使用一个10千欧的负载电阻时,《充放电》模式的电池工作动态。
从图表可以看出,当10千姆负载电阻连接到电池时,放电电流(曲线2)的最大值为4-9微安/平方厘米,几秒钟后减少到2微安/平方厘米。当负载电阻断开时,电池内的电压(曲线1)由于内部充电而迅速增加,在两秒钟内达到50-70兆伏,并在5秒循环结束时达到90-100兆伏。
例3
电池带基底,基底带有碳纳米管队列,浸在带C-14活性(等于6毫居里)的苯胺盐酸盐的醇溶液中,在如例2所述的0.1n H2SO4电解质中进行电池充放电实验后,将电池弄干,之后充上0.01n NaOH电解质。
电池电压的变化具有如图8a所示的时间动态特征,在10千姆负载稳定模式下的放电电流动态如图8b所示。
在有0.01n NaOH电解质的电池中,和在有0.1n H2SO4电解质的电池中,依靠β衰变能量达到约300兆伏的稳定水平时,超级电容器的双层自充电得以实现。在最初阶段在10千欧负载上放电电流达到18微安/平方厘米,之后逐渐下降,在稳定时值为~40微安/平方厘米。
因此,在使用电化学电池(电池含作为基底的电极,基底带有含C-14放射性同位素的碳纳米管)的实验中,展示了自充电超级电容器工作原理。装置无需外部电源即可多次充电和放电。
上述资料表明,使用本发明时需遵循以下条件:
-装置作为超级电容器,能体现本发明的使用,无需外部电源充电可进行电能的积蓄和储存;
-用于超级电容器充电的装置使用C-14同位素的β衰变,其半衰期为5700年。当装置被密封时,由耐腐蚀合金制成的电极材料和电池外壳的消耗达到最小,此时电解质无消耗。
-运用于装置及其制造方法应按照本发明的定义所规定的条款进行,借助于在申请描述前和优先发展日期前的著名方法,可以确定实施本发明的可能性。
-体现在本发明实施时申请的装置,可以保证能达成申请的预想技术结果。
本发明的优点在于:
将β衰变的能量转换成电能的效率增加,与同类产品相比产生的电流和能量增加。
借助C-14同位素—在同位素市场上较为便宜(每单位活性)和可行,同时也依靠简化配置和装置制造工艺,所以制造电能储备的消耗降低。
建议的装置可用已有的手机电池装置制备经验来实现,使用带电极的超级电容器工艺,在作为碳纳米管队列的电极上涂层。
因此,申请的本发明符合《工业可行性》的条件。
达到技术成果的特点
特点No.1在于,在装置中将放射性β衰变的能量转换为电能,使用超级电容器,其工作电极为基底,带有碳纳米管队列。
特点No.2在于,带有碳纳米管队列的基底浸在化合物溶液中,其成分有同位素C-14,或者用同位素C-14制成的碳纳米管。
特点No.3在于,带有碳纳米管队列的基底置于电解质,其中的双层成形于每个单独的纳米管与电解质之间的边界处,作为用于分离时产生封闭电荷的不对称势垒,起到有效电荷分离器的作用,同时还具备电能储存装置作用。
Claims (10)
1.超级电容器,包含
-封闭保护外壳,
-第一(工作的)和第二(辅助的)的圆筒仓形状为富勒烯,石墨烯,炭黑,石墨或其混合物的碳纳米管(碳纳米管)队列,包含C-14同位素,置于外壳内部,互相绝缘,其中一个或者两者都与外壳绝缘,
-电解质,填充电池空白容积出和电极之间的空间,
其特征在于,在第一电极表面上附着上具有C-14同位素的含碳材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器,其特征在于,在第一电极表面上含碳材料作为富勒烯,石墨烯,炭黑,石墨或其混合物的碳纳米管(碳纳米管)队列,含有同位素C-14。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器,其特征在于,在电极间设有分离器,阻碍电极的机械接触以及电解质正负极的混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器,其特征在于,超级电容器的电极由硅,钼,铌,钨,锆或以这些材料为基础的合金或耐腐蚀钢制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器,其特征在于,在碳纳米管表面或内部有放射性核素H-3,镍-63,Sr-90,Kg-85,At-241,As-227,Th-229。
6.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器,其特征在于,使用酸溶液作为电解质,例如H2SО4或HNO3,碱,例如NaOH或KOH,或盐溶液,例如KCl,NaCl,KNO3,Na2SO4。
7.超级电容器的制备方法,包括
-制备第一和第二电极,将含碳材料涂层附着到第一电极上,
-在第一和第二电极的封闭外壳配置并使其相互绝缘,
-用电解质填充外壳,
其特征在于,
-C-14同位素附着在第一电极表面上的含碳材料层中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的超级电容器的制备方法,其特征在于,在第一电极表面上的含碳材料层为富勒烯,石墨烯,炭黑,石墨或其混合物的碳纳米管(碳纳米管)队列,含有同位素C-14。
9.根据权利要求4所述的超级电容器的制备方法,其特征在于,在第一电极表面上的含碳材料层为富勒烯,石墨烯,炭黑,石墨或其混合物的碳纳米管(碳纳米管)队列,由自然同位素C-12,并且含碳材料层本身浸在含有C-14同位素的化合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的超级电容器的制备方法,其特征在于,作为化合物用于浸渍第一电极表面上的碳纳米管队列,使用含同位素C-14的盐酸苯胺醇溶液。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2016/000593 WO2018044192A1 (ru) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Суперконденсатор и способ его изготовления |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108028135A true CN108028135A (zh) | 2018-05-11 |
Family
ID=61309150
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201680038673.3A Pending CN108028135A (zh) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | 超级电容器和制造方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11302490B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3509080A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6830950B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102320946B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN108028135A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2990454A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2668533C1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018044192A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6522180B1 (ja) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-05-29 | Sppテクノロジーズ株式会社 | 基板載置台及びこれを備えたプラズマ処理装置及びプラズマ処理方法 |
US11217356B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-01-04 | The Boeing Company | Radioisotope power source |
CN111659416A (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-15 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种含锶或其化合物的铂基催化剂 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130335884A1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-12-19 | Sergei Pavlovich Gubin | Carbon supercapacitor |
US20140313636A1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-10-23 | William Marsh Rice University | Graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid materials and use as electrodes |
WO2016025532A1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-18 | The Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Aligned graphene-carbon nanotube porous carbon composite |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2876368A (en) * | 1953-04-06 | 1959-03-03 | Tracerlab Inc | Nuclear electret battery |
RU2113739C1 (ru) | 1997-05-23 | 1998-06-20 | Станислав Викторович Цивинский | Устройство для получения электроэнергии из внутриатомной за счет радиоактивного альфа- или бета-распада |
WO2008000045A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | University Of Wollongong | Nanostructured composites |
US8252115B2 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2012-08-28 | Raytheon Company | System and method for growing nanotubes with a specified isotope composition via ion implantation using a catalytic transmembrane |
US20110266916A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Donofrio Raymond S | Tritium battery |
US20120080978A1 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Saade Makhlouf | Radioactive isotope electrostatic generator |
KR102220538B1 (ko) * | 2014-09-23 | 2021-02-24 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | 유기 반도체 재료를 포함하는 전극, 전극의 제조 방법 및 상기 전극을 포함하는 슈퍼 커패시터 |
KR102113739B1 (ko) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-05-20 | 케이퍼스트랩 주식회사 | 사용자 보유 의류에 기초한 패션 코디 추천 방법 및 장치 |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CA CA2990454A patent/CA2990454A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-08-31 EP EP16905688.4A patent/EP3509080A4/en active Pending
- 2016-08-31 US US15/741,095 patent/US11302490B2/en active Active
- 2016-08-31 KR KR1020177037944A patent/KR102320946B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201680038673.3A patent/CN108028135A/zh active Pending
- 2016-08-31 WO PCT/RU2016/000593 patent/WO2018044192A1/ru unknown
- 2016-08-31 RU RU2016150696A patent/RU2668533C1/ru active
- 2016-08-31 JP JP2018506372A patent/JP6830950B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130335884A1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-12-19 | Sergei Pavlovich Gubin | Carbon supercapacitor |
US20140313636A1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-10-23 | William Marsh Rice University | Graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid materials and use as electrodes |
WO2016025532A1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-18 | The Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Aligned graphene-carbon nanotube porous carbon composite |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
А.Н. САУРОВ等: "Наноструктурированные источники тока, возбуждаемые β-излучением, на основе углеродных нанотрубок", 《ИЗВЕСТИЯ ВУЗОВ. ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА》 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018044192A1 (ru) | 2018-03-08 |
KR102320946B1 (ko) | 2021-11-05 |
JP6830950B2 (ja) | 2021-02-17 |
US11302490B2 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
CA2990454A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
KR20190042416A (ko) | 2019-04-24 |
JP2019536256A (ja) | 2019-12-12 |
EP3509080A4 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
RU2668533C1 (ru) | 2018-10-01 |
US20200035421A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
EP3509080A1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Li et al. | Fe2O3 nanoneedles on ultrafine nickel nanotube arrays as efficient anode for high‐performance asymmetric supercapacitors | |
Cao et al. | CoNi2S4 nanoparticle/carbon nanotube sponge cathode with ultrahigh capacitance for highly compressible asymmetric supercapacitor | |
Zeng et al. | Construction of hierarchical CoS nanowire@ NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheet arrays via one-step ion exchange for high-performance supercapacitors | |
Hu et al. | Nanostructures and capacitive characteristics of hydrous manganese oxide prepared by electrochemical deposition | |
US20130258552A1 (en) | Porous graphene film representing excellent electrical properties and method of manufacturing the same | |
Peng et al. | Porous Dual‐Layered MoOx Nanotube Arrays with Highly Conductive TiN Cores for Supercapacitors | |
CN108028135A (zh) | 超级电容器和制造方法 | |
Wu et al. | One-step electrophoretic deposition of Ni-decorated activated-carbon film as an electrode material for supercapacitors | |
KR20100084666A (ko) | 재결합 하이브리드 에너지 저장 디바이스 | |
Felhősi et al. | Properties of electrochemical double-layer capacitors with carbon-nanotubes-on-carbon-fiber-felt electrodes | |
Kazaryan et al. | Mathematical model of heterogeneous electrochemical capacitors and calculation of their parameters | |
Wu et al. | Nickel hydroxide electrode with porous nanotube arrays prepared by hydrolysis and cathodic deposition for high-performance supercapacitors | |
Zhang et al. | Flexible strip supercapacitors for future energy storage | |
Zhu et al. | A Durable Ni–Zn Microbattery with Ultrahigh‐Rate Capability Enabled by In Situ Reconstructed Nanoporous Nickel with Epitaxial Phase | |
CN105047418B (zh) | 一种钛酸锂基锂离子电容器 | |
Zhang et al. | A study of the electrochemical performance of strip supercapacitors under bending conditions | |
Ali et al. | Recycled nanomaterials for energy storage (Supercapacitor) applications | |
CN106158410B (zh) | 一种氧化锌/石墨烯超级电容器复合电极材料的制备方法 | |
RU191378U1 (ru) | Суперконденсатор | |
RU195154U1 (ru) | Суперконденсатор | |
Huyen et al. | Influence of ag doping on the electrochemical supercapacitor characteristics of manganese dioxide prepared by pulsed potentiostatic electrodeposition | |
Stević et al. | Construction and characterisation of double layer capacitors | |
Jiang et al. | Electrodeposition of Ni–Co double hydroxide composite nanosheets on Fe substrate for high‐performance supercapacitor electrode | |
CN207558626U (zh) | 一种应用于超级电容器的电芯与超级电容器 | |
KR101852400B1 (ko) | 이황화몰리브덴 전극을 구비한 알루미늄 이온 커패시터 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180511 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |