CN108025338A - Plug and its manufacture method - Google Patents
Plug and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108025338A CN108025338A CN201680054432.8A CN201680054432A CN108025338A CN 108025338 A CN108025338 A CN 108025338A CN 201680054432 A CN201680054432 A CN 201680054432A CN 108025338 A CN108025338 A CN 108025338A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- overlay film
- main body
- top layer
- plug
- layer overlay
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004523 agglutinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
- B21B25/02—Guides, supports, or abutments for mandrels, e.g. carriages or steadiers; Adjusting devices for mandrels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The plug and its manufacture method for the stripping that can suppress overlay film are provided.Plug (10) is used for the perforation of steel billet.Plug (10) possesses plug main body (1), main body overlay film (2) and top layer overlay film (3).Main body overlay film (2) is formed on the surface of plug main body.Main body overlay film (2) contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film (3) is formed on main body overlay film (2).Top layer overlay film (3) contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film (3) has the porosity lower than the porosity of following region among main body overlay film (2)：Region adjacent and with the thickness equal with the thickness of top layer overlay film (3) with top layer overlay film (3).
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to plug, more specifically, the plug and its manufacture method being related to used in the perforation of steel billet.
Background technology
Mannesmann process is widely adopted as the manufacture method of seamless steel pipe.In mannesmann process,
Drilling/rolling is carried out to the steel billet for being heated to set point of temperature with punch.Punch possesses a pair of angled roller and plug.Plug exists
Between a pair of angled roller and configuration is on roll line.Punch lateral dominance makes steel billet along the circumferential direction rotate side to be pressed into core with tilting roller
Rod, carries out drilling/rolling to steel billet and hollow bloom is made.
Conventional plug forms the overlay film of oxide skin on mother metal surface in advance in the drilling/rolling of steel billet.Oxide skin is covered
Film is formed by implementing heat treatment to plug.Thereby, it is possible to the thermal insulation on the surface that ensures plug, lubricity and anti-
Agglutinating property.
The overlay film of oxide skin is gradually worn away because of drilling/rolling repeatedly.Overlay film is carrying out drilling/rolling (every time) every time
Shi Fasheng is worn away.If overlay film is worn away and disappears completely, the mother metal of plug can expose.In this case, it may occur that in mother metal
Melting loss, plug and sintering of steel billet as subject material of exposed portion etc., so that plug reaches the service life.
When particularly to by the steel billet that stainless steel is formed into eleven punch 11, the abrasion of the overlay film of oxide skin are notable, therefore plug
Service life it is very short.During to by the steel billet that stainless steel is formed into eleven punch 11, it will usually be worn away through several overlay film.Whenever overlay film
, it is necessary to carry out the heat treatment for the mother metal Surface Creation oxide skin in plug when wearing away.Heat treatment usually requires several small
When~tens hours.Therefore, the formation efficiency of the overlay film of oxide skin is low.
Formed in this regard, being proposed in No. 4279350 publications of Japanese Patent No. by arc spraying on the mother metal surface of plug
The technology of the overlay film formed by iron and oxide.In No. 4279350 publications of Japanese Patent No., the raw material of overlay film is only iron wire
Material, a few minutes~dozens of minutes or so is as short as the time required to the formation of overlay film.Therefore, it is possible to exist with low cost and expeditiously
Mother metal surface forms overlay film.Spray coating is high with the adaptation and abrasion performance of mother metal compared with the overlay film of oxide skin.Therefore,
The service life of plug can be increased.
Disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2013-248619 publications, formed on the mother metal surface of plug and aoxidized containing iron and iron
The spray coating of thing, implements to be heat-treated to plug thereafter.
Disclosed in International Publication No. 2014/013963, as the substrate containing iron and the spray coating of ferriferous oxide
Layer, Ni-Cr layers are formed on the mother metal surface of plug.
Disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application 61-286077 publications, in the surface metallization of steel pipe rolling machine cored bar
Be powder and after forming overlay film, hip treatment is implemented to cored bar.
Although Japanese Patent Publication 5-36502 publications and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 3-125076 publications are not applied to wearing for steel billet
The plug in hole, but disclose the forming method of spray coating.Disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication 5-36502 publications, in base material
Surface form the spray coating of superhard alloy, it is real to base material and after forming the plating overlay film of Ni-P alloys in spray coating
Apply hip treatment.Disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 3-125076 publications, after substrate surface spraying plating abrasion resistance material,
Thereon the good dusty material of spraying plating bridging and carry out sealing pores, to base material implement hip treatment.
The content of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
By the overlay film that the arc spraying of iron wire material (steel wire rod) is formed due to the adaptation of the mother metal with plug and wear-resisting
Consumption is high, therefore can make plug long lifetime.But for example, the steel billet in the high intensity to being formed by high alloy is worn
In the case of hole, in the case where the perforated longer of steel billet is very long etc., overlay film is possible in perforation to be shelled from mother metal surface
From.If mother metal exposes because of the stripping of overlay film, using exposed portion as starting point, the melting loss of plug, steel billet occurs to the burning of plug
Knot.
The purpose of the disclosure is, there is provided can suppress the plug and its manufacture method of the stripping of overlay film.
The plug of the disclosure is used for the perforation of steel billet.Plug possesses plug main body, main body overlay film and top layer overlay film.Main body is covered
Film is formed on the surface of plug main body.Main body overlay film contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film is formed on main body overlay film.Table
Layer overlay film contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film has the porosity lower than the porosity of following region among main body overlay film：
Region adjacent and with the thickness equal with the thickness of top layer overlay film with top layer overlay film.
This disclosure relates to the manufacture method of plug.Plug is used for the perforation of steel billet.The manufacture method possesses following process：It is accurate
The process of standby plug main body；The arc spraying using iron wire material is carried out, the work of main body overlay film is formed on the surface of plug main body
Sequence；And with the short spraying plating distance of the spraying plating distance formed at the time of end than main body overlay film spray using the electric arc of iron wire material
Plating, the process that top layer overlay film is formed on main body overlay film.
According to the plug and its manufacture method of the disclosure, the stripping of overlay film can be suppressed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial section view of the plug of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the II parts of the plug shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an example of the microscopic observation image in the section of overlay film.
Fig. 4 is the brightness histogram of the microscopic observation image shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the brightness histogram of the microscopic observation image shown in Fig. 3, for for illustrating the three-valued of microscopic observation image
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the three value images that microscopic observation image as shown in Figure 3 obtains.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the manufacture method for the plug shown in explanatory drawin 1.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the relation of the porosity of the spraying plating distance and overlay film when showing overlay film formation.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the relation of the containing ratio of the oxide in spraying plating distance and overlay film when showing overlay film formation.
Figure 10 is the figure of the relation of the tensile strength of the spraying plating distance and overlay film when showing overlay film formation.
Figure 11 A are the figure for illustrating the effect of the plug based on embodiment.
Figure 11 B are the figure for illustrating the effect of the plug based on embodiment.
Figure 12 A are the figure for illustrating the mechanism that overlay film is peeled off occurs in conventional plug.
Figure 12 B are the figure for illustrating the mechanism that overlay film is peeled off occurs in conventional plug.
Figure 12 C are the figure for illustrating the mechanism that overlay film is peeled off occurs in conventional plug.
Figure 12 D are the figure for illustrating the mechanism that overlay film is peeled off occurs in conventional plug.
Embodiment
The inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies, and are peeled off it turns out that overlay film occurs in plug in the perforation of steel billet
Mechanism.Figure 12 A~Figure 12 D are the figure for illustrating the mechanism that overlay film is peeled off occurs in conventional plug.Figure 12 A~Figure 12 D
Schematically show the section of the near surface of plug.
As illustrated in fig. 12, before the perforation of steel billet, formed with overlay film 102 on the surface of plug main body 101.Overlay film 102
Include gap 103.
As shown in Figure 12 B, if the punch on of steel billet, along the overlay film caused by the frictional force of overlay film 102 and steel billet
The load in the direction (shear direction) on surface acts on the overlay film.Thus, overlay film 102 deforms, using crushed element as starting point
And crack C on the surface of overlay film 102.
As indicated in fig. 12 c, the load of shear directions of the crackle C because acting on overlay film 102 and along plug main body 101 and overlay film
102 interface progress.As a result, as indicated in fig. 12d, the stripping of overlay film 102 occurs.
If the inventors of the present invention it is considered that suppress steel billet perforation in the deformation of overlay film and the generation of crackle, can
Suppress the stripping of overlay film.The inventors of the present invention and then research is repeated, completes the plug and its manufacture method of embodiment.
The plug of embodiment is used for the perforation of steel billet.Plug possesses：Plug main body, main body overlay film and top layer overlay film.It is main
Body overlay film is formed on the surface of plug main body.Main body overlay film contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film is formed in main body overlay film
On.Top layer overlay film contains iron and ferriferous oxide.Top layer overlay film has the hole lower than the porosity of following region among main body overlay film
Gap rate：Region adjacent with top layer overlay film and with the thickness equal with the thickness of top layer overlay film (the 1st is formed).
Formed according to the 1st, on the main body overlay film being formed on the surface of plug main body, and then formed with top layer overlay film.
Porosity of the porosity of top layer overlay film less than the region near top layer overlay film among main body overlay film.Therefore, top layer overlay film is than master
Body overlay film is fine and close, has high intensity.Therefore, in top layer overlay film and the main body overlay film covered by top layer overlay film, become to be not easy
The deformation as caused by the load of shear direction is produced, can inhibit the generation of the crackle due to deformation.As a result, it is possible to suppress respectively to cover
Sur-face peeling of the film from plug main body.
The porosity of above-mentioned top layer overlay film can be less than 2.5% (the 2nd is formed).
Formed according to the 2nd, the porosity of top layer overlay film is sufficiently low, can further make top layer overlay film fine and close and high-strength
Degree.Therefore, it is possible to further improve the effect of the deformation and the crackle generation that suppress each overlay film, it can more reliably suppress each overlay film
Stripping.
The thickness of above-mentioned top layer overlay film can be less than 250 μm (the 3rd is formed).
Formed according to the 3rd, the thickness of top layer overlay film is sufficiently small, therefore can improve the thermal diffusivity of top layer overlay film.Thus, energy
The temperature of top layer overlay film in enough rejection iris rises, can suppress generation of the steel billet to the sintering of plug.
The manufacture method of the plug of embodiment possesses following process：Prepare the process of plug main body；Carry out using iron wire material
Arc spraying, on the surface of plug main body formed main body overlay film process；And with than main body overlay film formation terminate when
The short spraying plating distance of the spraying plating distance at quarter carries out the arc spraying using iron wire material, and the work of top layer overlay film is formed on main body overlay film
Sequence (the 4th is formed).
Formed according to the 4th, top layer overlay film carries out arc spraying after the formation of main body overlay film by shortening spraying plating distance
To be formed.Thus, compared with the porosity in the region among main body overlay film near the overlay film of top layer, the porosity of top layer overlay film becomes
Low, main body overlay film is covered by fine and close and high intensity top layer overlay film.Therefore, it is not susceptible to by the load of the shear direction in perforation
The deformation of caused each overlay film, can inhibit the crackle generation due to deformation.As a result, it is possible to suppress each overlay film from plug main body
Sur-face peeling.
In addition, being formed according to the 4th, both main body overlay film and top layer overlay film are formed by the arc spraying of iron wire material.That is,
Main body overlay film and top layer overlay film are formed by same material and Same Way.Therefore, it is possible to be formed continuously master in the same process
Body overlay film and top layer overlay film.Therefore, it is possible to easily manufacture the plug with main body overlay film and top layer overlay film.
, can be to carry out arc spraying (the 5th structure when gradually increasing spraying plating distance in the process for forming aforementioned body overlay film
Into).
In arc spraying, spraying plating distance is more elongated, and the containing ratio of the oxide in overlay film more becomes higher.Formed according to the 5th,
The spraying plating distance when region of plug main body side is formed among main body overlay film is shorter.Therefore, in the region of plug main body side, iron
Containing ratio become higher, the containing ratio of oxide is lower.Thereby, it is possible to improve adaptation of the main body overlay film to plug main body.It is another
Aspect, the spraying plating distance when region of top layer overlay film side is formed among main body overlay film are longer.Therefore, in the region of top layer overlay film side
In, the containing ratio of oxide becomes higher, thermal conductivity is lower.Thus, the thermal insulation of main body overlay film improves, and can suppress steel billet to plug
Sintering generation.
Hereinafter, embodiment is illustrated in detail referring to the drawings.It is same for composition same and suitable in figure, mark
One symbol, does not repeat identical explanation.For convenience of description, in the various figures, simplifiedly or composition is schematically shown, sometimes
Omission shows a part of composition.
[structure of plug]
First, the structure of plug is illustrated.As shown in Figure 1, the plug 10 of embodiment possesses：Plug main body 1, master
Body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3.In Fig. 1, plug 10 is shown with section.
The transverse cross-sectional shape of plug main body 1 is circular shape, its outside diameter becomes larger to the back-end from the front end of plug main body 1.Always
It, the shape of plug main body 1 is substantially shell shape.
Main body overlay film 2 is formed on the surface of plug main body 1.For main body overlay film 2, except plug main body 1 rear end face with
Outside, the surface for covering plug main body 1 is overall.The thickness of main body overlay film 2 can not be constant in entire scope.For example, in master
In body overlay film 2, the thickness ratio of the part on the front end 11 of plug main body 1 is located on the trunk 12 of plug main body 1
Partial thickness is big.
Top layer overlay film 3 is formed on main body overlay film 2.Top layer overlay film 3 covers the entirety of main body overlay film 2.Top layer overlay film 3
The thickness of thickness ratio main body overlay film 2 is small.The thickness of top layer overlay film 3 is substantially constant in entire scope.The thickness of top layer overlay film 3
Degree is preferably less than 250 μm, more preferably less than 200 μm.The thickness of top layer overlay film 3 is preferably more than 50 μm.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the II parts shown in Fig. 1.Main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 contain iron and ferriferous oxide.It is main
Body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 are mainly made of iron and ferriferous oxide, but are also somewhat included sometimes beyond iron removaling and ferriferous oxide
Element and/or compound.In main body overlay film 2, as the containing ratio from the lateral top layer overlay film 3 of plug main body 1, iron is lower, iron oxygen
The containing ratio of compound becomes higher.The containing ratio of the iron of top layer overlay film 3 at least containing than the iron in the region 21 of main body overlay film 2 described later
There is rate height.
Contain gap in main body overlay film 2.Also somewhat contain gap in top layer overlay film 3.The porosity of top layer overlay film 3 compares main body
The porosity in the region 21 of overlay film 2 is low.Region 21 is the region among main body overlay film 2 with the adjoining of top layer overlay film 3.That is, region 21
To be located at the region with the interface side of top layer overlay film 3 among main body overlay film 2.The thickness in region 21 is real with the thickness of top layer overlay film 3
It is equal in matter.The porosity of top layer overlay film 3 is preferably less than 2.5%.The value of the porosity of top layer overlay film 3 is more low better, but real
It is more than 0.5% in matter.
Herein, to the containing ratio of iron in main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3, the containing ratio of ferriferous oxide and porosity
Calculation method illustrates.
First, the microscopic observation image in the section of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 is obtained.For the region of main body overlay film 2
21 porosity, in microscopic observation image among main body overlay film 2 with the interface side of top layer overlay film 3 and with 3 phase of top layer overlay film
The scope of stack pile part is evaluated.For the porosity of top layer overlay film 3, covered with the top layer shot in microscopic observation image
Film 3 is overall to be evaluated.It should be noted that the evaluation in the direction (with mandrel surface parallel direction) orthogonal with thickness direction
Scope is 1000~1500 μm or so.Due to can consider that gap is substantially generally uniformly distributed in this direction, if
Evaluated with 1000~1500 μm or so of width, then can calculate substantially average porosity.
Fig. 3 is an example of the microscopic observation image (original image) in the section of overlay film.Iron, iron oxidation in original image
Thing and gap each have different tones.Specifically, iron, ferriferous oxide and gap darken successively.
Then, the brightness histogram shown in Fig. 4 is made according to original image.Brightness histogram is the pixel for showing original image
The figure of Luminance Distribution, the longitudinal axis is frequency (pixel number), transverse axis is brightness value.When the detection at peak is carried out in the brightness histogram,
Detect respectively due to 3 peaks in iron, ferriferous oxide and gap.
Then, the three-valued of original image is carried out.As shown in figure 5, the three-valued middle threshold value used is brightness value B1With brightness
Value B2Median M1And brightness value B2With brightness value B3Median M2。B1、B2And B3Respectively due to gap peak it is bright
Angle value, the brightness value at peak and the brightness value at peak due to iron due to ferriferous oxide.
Fig. 6 shows the three-valued three obtained value images by original image.In three value images, have in original image small
In M1The pixel of brightness value represented with black, there is M1Less than M2The pixel of brightness value represented with grey, there is M2
The pixel of brightness value above is represented with white.In three value images, the region of black is set to the region in gap, the area by grey
Domain is set to the region of ferriferous oxide, the region of white is set to the region of iron, and counts the pixel number in each region.By the area in gap
The pixel number in the region of the pixel number in domain, the pixel number in the region of ferriferous oxide and iron each divided by overall pixel number, thus
Calculate the containing ratio (%) of porosity (%), the containing ratio (%) of ferriferous oxide and iron.That is, porosity, ferriferous oxide contain
The containing ratio of rate and iron is evaluated with the ratio (area occupation ratio) of the pixel in original image.
[manufacture method of plug]
Then, the manufacture method of plug 10 is illustrated.
First, plug main body 1 is prepared.Main body overlay film 2 and top layer are formed by arc spraying on the surface of the plug main body 1
Overlay film 3.
Arc spraying can for example be carried out using the electric arc spraying-coating devcie 4 shown in Fig. 7.Electric arc spraying-coating devcie 4 possesses spray
Plate rifle 41 and turntable 42.Spray torch 41 melts the wire rod of spraying plating by electric arc, and is carried out using compressed air from nozzle
Spraying.In present embodiment, as the wire rod of spraying plating, iron wire material is used.Iron wire material is with carbon steel that iron (Fe) is principal component
The wire rod of (ordinary steel).Be for iron wire material, for typical case using Fe as principal component and comprising carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn) and
The so-called ordinary steel of impurity, but can also contain the elements such as tungsten (W).
When forming main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3, plug main body 1 is configured to the turntable of electric arc spraying-coating devcie 4
42.Moreover, lateral dominance turntable 42 is pivoted plug main body 1, while the electric arc that iron wire material is carried out to the plug main body 1 sprays
Plating.Thus, first, the main body overlay film 2 containing iron and ferriferous oxide is formed on the surface of plug main body 1.The shape of main body overlay film 2
Terminate at the time of accumulation has the material of expectation thickness on the surface of plug main body 1.
It is preferred that main body overlay film 2 is formed when gradually increasing spraying plating distance.Spraying plating distance refers to from the nozzle of spray torch 41
Beeline of the front end untill the surface of spraying plating object.Main body overlay film 2, which such as gets off, to be formed：Provided apart from plug main body 1
Distance configuration spray torch 41, start arc spraying, spray torch 41 is continued arc spraying when being gradually distance from plug main body 1,
So as to be formed.But spraying plating distance can also be remained in the formation of main body overlay film 2 constant.
After the formation of main body overlay film 2, top layer overlay film 3 is subsequently formed.That is, after forming main body overlay film 2, electricity is directly proceeded with
Arc spraying plating, forms top layer overlay film 3 on main body overlay film 2.
Spraying plating distance when forming top layer overlay film 3 is shorter than spraying plating distance when forming main body overlay film 2.More specifically, shape
Spraying plating distance of the spraying plating distance at least than the formation finish time in main body overlay film 2 during into top layer overlay film 3 is short.That is, side is gradual
Spray torch 41 is set spray torch 41 is carried out shape close to plug main body 1 without a break from after plug main body 1 forms main body overlay film 2 away from side
Into top layer overlay film 3.
In the formation of top layer overlay film 3, spraying plating distance substantially remains constant.The spraying plating during formation of top layer overlay film 3
Distance preferably below 200mm.Being formed at the time of accumulation has the material of expectation thickness on main body overlay film 2 for top layer overlay film 3 is tied
Beam.It is preferred that top layer overlay film 3 thickness more than 250 μm before terminate top layer overlay film 3 formation.
Herein, spraying plating distance is described in detail.Fig. 8 is the relation for showing spraying plating distance and the porosity of overlay film
Figure.Fig. 9 is the figure for showing spraying plating distance and the relation of the containing ratio of the oxide in overlay film.Figure 10 is to show spraying plating distance with covering
The figure of the relation of the tensile strength of film.
As shown in figure 8, when spraying plating distance is elongated, the porosity of overlay film becomes higher.That is, the hole of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3
Gap rate can be controlled by spraying plating distance.As described above, spraying plating distance when forming top layer overlay film 3 is than in main body overlay film 2
The spraying plating distance formed at the time of end is short.Therefore, the porosity of top layer overlay film 3 becomes the hole in the region 21 than main body overlay film 2
Gap rate is low.
As shown in figure 9, when spraying plating distance is elongated, the containing ratio of the oxide in overlay film becomes higher.That is, main body overlay film 2 and table
The layer iron of overlay film 3 and each containing ratio of ferriferous oxide can be controlled by spraying plating distance.As described above, main body overlay film 2 is side
Gradually increase spraying plating distance side is formed.Therefore, in main body overlay film 2, with from lateral 3 side of top layer overlay film of plug main body 1, iron
Containing ratio is lower, the containing ratio of ferriferous oxide becomes higher.Top layer overlay film 3 be after the formation of main body overlay film 2 shorten spraying plating distance and
Formed.Therefore, containing ratio of the containing ratio of the iron of top layer overlay film 3 at least than the iron in the region 21 of main body overlay film 2 is high.
As shown in Figure 10, when spraying plating distance is elongated, the tensile strength of overlay film is lower.That is, main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3
Tensile strength can be controlled by spraying plating distance.The formation of spraying plating distance during the formation of top layer overlay film 3 than main body overlay film 2
The spraying plating distance of finish time is short.Therefore, stretching of the tensile strength of top layer overlay film 3 at least than the region 21 of main body overlay film 2 is strong
Degree is high.
As described above, after forming main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3, the rotation by plug main body 1 from electric arc spraying-coating devcie 4
Turntable 42 unloads.Thus, the plug 10 (Fig. 1) of present embodiment is completed.
[effect]
For the plug 10 of present embodiment, the top layer overlay film 3 of low porosity is formd on main body overlay film 2.Therefore, no
The deformation of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 as caused by the load of the shear direction in perforation is also easy to produce, main body can be suppressed and covered
The generation of film 2 and the crackle in top layer overlay film 3.On the effect, illustrated in more detail with reference to Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B.
Figure 11 A are the figure in the section for the near surface for schematically showing the plug 10 before the punch on of steel billet.Such as Figure 11 A
Shown, the main body overlay film 2 in plug main body 1 is covered by top layer overlay film 3.Top layer overlay film 3 passes through with than the formation in main body overlay film 2
The short spraying plating distance of the spraying plating distance of finish time carries out the arc spraying of iron wire material to be formed.Therefore, top layer overlay film 3 have than
The porosity low with the porosity in the region that top layer overlay film 3 abuts among main body overlay film 2, fine and close, tensile strength height.
Figure 11 B are the sectional view for the near surface for schematically showing the plug 10 in perforated steel billit.As shown in Figure 11 B, steel
During the punch on of base, the load of shear direction acts on the surface of top layer overlay film 3.But since top layer overlay film 3 is fine and close
And there is high tensile strength, therefore be not easy to deform because of the load of shear direction.By making main body overlay film 2 by top layer overlay film 3
Covering, so as to be not easy to be deformed.Therefore, in main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3, do not occur to the crackle of extent of exfoliation.Cause
This, can suppress the stripping of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3.
Main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 can be readily formed by using the arc spraying of iron wire material.In addition, can
Main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 are formed continuously in the same process.Therefore, according to the present embodiment, can be in easy method
Plug 10 of the manufacture with the high overlay film of peel resistance.
The porosity of top layer overlay film 3 is preferably less than 2.5%.Thus, top layer overlay film 3 becomes finer and close, can be fully true
Protect the tensile strength of top layer overlay film 3.As a result, deformation and the crackle of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 can be effectively inhibited
Generation.Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress the stripping of main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3.As described above, the hole of top layer overlay film 3
The value of gap rate is more low better, but is essentially more than 0.5%.
The thickness of top layer overlay film 3 is preferably less than 250 μm.The temperature of top layer overlay film 3 in being rolled thereby, it is possible to rejection iris
Degree rises.As it was previously stated, top layer overlay film 3, since the containing ratio of the iron in overlay film is high, thermal conductivity is high.Therefore, rolled in perforation
Contacted in system by the steel billet with high temperature, top layer overlay film 3 is easily heated.If the thickness of top layer overlay film 3 is blocked up, accumulation of heat
In top layer overlay film 3, the temperature of top layer overlay film 3 becomes higher.If the temperature of top layer overlay film 3 becomes excessive, become that steel easily occurs
Sintering of the base to plug 10.Thickness by making top layer overlay film 3 is less than 250 μm, can suppress the generation of sintering.
The thickness of top layer overlay film 3 is preferably more than 50 μm.Thereby, it is possible to suppress to be led by the load of the shear direction in perforation
The deformation of the main body overlay film 2 and top layer overlay film 3 of cause, the generation that can more reliably prevent crackle.
Main body overlay film 2 is formed when gradually increasing spraying plating distance.Thus, among main body overlay film 21 side of plug main body area
In domain, the containing ratio of iron becomes higher, therefore can improve the adaptation of plug main body 1 and main body overlay film 2.On the other hand, in main body
The region of 2 side of top layer overlay film, the containing ratio of ferriferous oxide become higher among overlay film 2, therefore thermal conductivity is lower and thermal insulation raising.Cause
This, can suppress generation of the steel billet to the sintering of plug 10.
More than, embodiment is illustrated, but the disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment, without departing from its master
Purport, can make various changes.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the disclosure is illustrated in more detail using embodiment.But the disclosure is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Prepare 6 maximum gauges：77.5mm, total length：230mm, material：Contain C-0.15 mass %, W-3.5 mass %'s
The plug main body (1) of steel.By using the arc spraying of iron wire material, main body overlay film is formed on the surface of each plug main body (1)
(2).In the formation of main body overlay film (2), spraying plating is carried out when making spraying plating distance make a change from 200mm to 1000mm.Main body
The thickness of overlay film (2) is that the front end (11) in plug main body (1) is 1200 μm, is 500 μm in trunk (12).
To 5 plug main bodys (1), top layer overlay film is formed on main body overlay film (2) by using the arc spraying of iron wire material
(3), the plug using them as embodiment 1~5.The condition of the formation of top layer overlay film (3) is shown in table 1.Remaining 1 plug
Top layer overlay film (3) is not formed in main body (1), as the plug of comparative example.
[table 1]
The porosity of 1 main body overlay films of ※ is in top layer (interface of=main body overlay film and top layer overlay film) side and top layer overlay film phase
Evaluated in region with thickness part.
For comparative example, evaluated in the region of the 100 μm of parts in top layer side.
Using embodiment 1~5 and each plug of comparative example, implement to be heated to 1200 DEG C of diameter repeatedly：65mm, length
Degree：The drilling/rolling of the steel billet of the SUS304 of 400mm.To embodiment 1~5 and comparative example, confirming plug damage respectively is
Perforation number (service life road number) and the damage status of plug only.By embodiment 1~5 and the service life road number and damage of comparative example
Hinder situation and be shown in table 1.
For the plug of comparative example, the stripping of overlay film occurs in trunk (12) after 3 passages.On the other hand, for
Embodiment 3~5, the stripping of overlay film does not occur yet after 7~8 passages.In embodiment 1, due to being sintered after 1 passage,
Therefore the drilling/rolling of more multi-pass is have ceased, but the stripping of the overlay film of trunk (12) does not occur.In embodiment 2, in 4 passages
Peeled off afterwards in the overlay film of trunk (12).Therefore, it is known that, by forming top layer overlay film (3) on main body overlay film (2),
It can suppress the stripping of overlay film.It should be noted that for embodiment 3~5, after the service life road number in each comfortable table 1
Plug front end (11) deformation beyond permissible range, therefore have ceased the drilling/rolling of more multi-pass.
In embodiment 1, the thickness of top layer overlay film (3) is 300 μm, bigger than 250 μm.In embodiment 1, occur after 1 passage
Sintering of the steel billet to plug.On the other hand, the thickness of top layer overlay film (3) is in less than 250 μm of embodiment 2~5, is not occurred
Sintering of the steel billet to plug.Therefore, from inhibition of sintering bind up one's hair it is raw from the viewpoint of, the thickness of top layer overlay film (3) is preferably 250 μm
Below.
In embodiment 1 and 3~5, the porosity of top layer overlay film (3) is less than 2.5%, the compactness of top layer overlay film (3) and
Intensity is high.Therefore, the stripping of overlay film does not occur in embodiment 1 and 3~5.On the other hand, in embodiment 2, top layer overlay film (3)
Spraying plating distance during formation is 300mm, the porosity of top layer overlay film (3) is 2.7%.That is, the top layer overlay film (3) in embodiment 2
Compactness and intensity ratio embodiment 1 and 3~5 it is low.Therefore, the stripping in embodiment 2 in the 4th passage there occurs overlay film.Root
According to the result it can be said that in order to more effectively suppress the stripping of overlay film, the porosity of top layer overlay film (3) is preferably less than 2.5%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of plug, it is used for the perforation of steel billet, and the plug possesses：
Plug main body；
It is formed on the surface of the plug main body and the main body overlay film containing iron and ferriferous oxide；And
It is formed on the main body overlay film and the top layer overlay film containing iron and ferriferous oxide,
The top layer overlay film has the porosity lower than the porosity of the following region among the main body overlay film：With the top layer
Overlay film is adjacent and has the region of the thickness equal with the thickness of the top layer overlay film.
2. plug according to claim 1, wherein, the porosity of the top layer overlay film is less than 2.5%.
3. plug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the thickness of the top layer overlay film is less than 250 μm.
4. a kind of manufacture method of plug, it is the manufacture method of the plug of the perforation for steel billet, it possesses following process：
Prepare the process of plug main body；
The arc spraying using iron wire material is carried out, the process that main body overlay film is formed on the surface of the plug main body；And
Electric arc using iron wire material is carried out with the short spraying plating distance of the spraying plating distance of the formation finish time than the main body overlay film
Spraying plating, the process that top layer overlay film is formed on the main body overlay film.
5. the manufacture method of plug according to claim 4, wherein,
The process for forming the main body overlay film carries out arc spraying when gradually increasing spraying plating distance.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-190400 | 2015-09-28 | ||
| JP2015190400 | 2015-09-28 | ||
| PCT/JP2016/072212 WO2017056669A1 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2016-07-28 | Plug and method for manufacturing same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108025338A true CN108025338A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
| CN108025338B CN108025338B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201680054432.8A Active CN108025338B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2016-07-28 | Plug and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180281037A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3357595B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6515300B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108025338B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112017028179B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2018003118A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017056669A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6696321B2 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2020-05-20 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Plug and manufacturing method thereof |
| HUE042725T2 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-07-29 | Grob Gmbh & Co Kg | Method and device for testing the quality of coated surfaces |
| BR112020002943B1 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2023-01-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | DRILL PIN AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IT |
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- 2016-07-28 WO PCT/JP2016/072212 patent/WO2017056669A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-07-28 US US15/763,405 patent/US20180281037A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-07-28 CN CN201680054432.8A patent/CN108025338B/en active Active
- 2016-07-28 BR BR112017028179-1A patent/BR112017028179B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-07-28 JP JP2017542962A patent/JP6515300B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-28 EP EP16850846.3A patent/EP3357595B1/en active Active
- 2016-07-28 MX MX2018003118A patent/MX2018003118A/en unknown
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| JPH02194118A (en) * | 1989-01-23 | 1990-07-31 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Roll for heat treatment furnace and its production |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017056669A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
| BR112017028179A8 (en) | 2023-01-03 |
| CN108025338B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| BR112017028179A2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
| EP3357595A4 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
| JPWO2017056669A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
| EP3357595A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
| JP6515300B2 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
| EP3357595B1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
| BR112017028179B1 (en) | 2023-02-07 |
| MX2018003118A (en) | 2018-06-06 |
| US20180281037A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
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