CN108023729B - Block chain network and transaction method thereof - Google Patents
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- CN108023729B CN108023729B CN201710951045.0A CN201710951045A CN108023729B CN 108023729 B CN108023729 B CN 108023729B CN 201710951045 A CN201710951045 A CN 201710951045A CN 108023729 B CN108023729 B CN 108023729B
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
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- G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
Abstract
The invention provides a blockchain network, comprising: a plurality of verification nodes, wherein a first part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a first partition, and a second part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a second partition, wherein the division is performed based on a service scene, a group or a service vertical domain, and the verification nodes in the first partition are configured to verify a first transaction request from a client, sign the first transaction request after the verification is passed, and return the first transaction request to the client; and a validation node within the second partition is configured to validate a second transaction request from the client and post a ledger upon validation. The invention also provides a transaction method based on the block chain network and a computer storage medium.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technologies, and in particular, to a blockchain network and a transaction method thereof.
Background
The blockchain is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, a consensus mechanism and an encryption algorithm. The consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm for establishing trust and obtaining rights and interests among different nodes in the blockchain system. Blockchain design is a protective measure, such as (applied to) highly fault-tolerant distributed computing systems. Block chains enable mixed consistency. This makes the blockchain suitable for recording events, titles, medical records and other activities requiring the inclusion of data, identification management, transaction flow management and provenance management. The blockchain has huge potential for finance and has huge influence on leading global trade.
The invention has application number 201110058800.5 and the name of the invention is: the Chinese patent application of 'a log event association analysis method and device capable of concurrent and intermittent analysis' provides a log event association analysis method and device capable of concurrent and intermittent analysis. The device needs to collect and analyze all logs afterwards (namely audit afterwards), and no internal relation exists among all logs. That is, there is no immediate audit of the transaction as it progresses. When a malicious node exists in the network, the node may forge a large number of invalid transactions, verify illegal transactions, and the like, and may not act as a behavior, and the malicious behavior cannot be detected in time, which may cause that the blockchain system cannot operate stably.
Accordingly, an improved blockchain network and method of trading therefor is desired.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the above mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a multi-partition blockchain network, each partition may be provided with a partition identifier and may be used as a Query partition or a Commit partition in the process of verifying a transaction. In addition, the invention provides a design scheme based on a log hash chain, namely, after an transaction is verified by a Query partition and a Commit partition (different partitions), the log hash chain of the node is recorded, the chain is visible in the whole network, all behaviors of the node in the system operation process are recorded, and a chain head value of the hash chain is sent to other nodes in the network in a signature mode, so that the cross verification of the node behaviors in the network is finally realized. The invention also provides a method and a system for auditing the time block chain system, which are realized by mutual auditing and management among nodes in a network (belonging to transaction instant auditing), and ensure the non-tamper property of records by a Hash algorithm.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blockchain network comprising: a plurality of verification nodes, wherein a first part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a first partition, and a second part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a second partition, wherein the division is performed based on a service scene, a group or a service vertical domain, and the verification nodes in the first partition are configured to verify a first transaction request from a client, sign the first transaction request after the verification is passed, and return the first transaction request to the client; and a verification node in the second partition is configured to verify a second transaction request from the client and post a ledger after verification is passed, wherein the first transaction request comprises transaction content and the second transaction request comprises the transaction content and a signature collected by the client for the verification node in the first partition.
In the above block chain network, the verification node in the first partition is configured to verify whether the digital signature and the input of the user in the transaction content are double-flower after receiving the first transaction request.
In the blockchain network, the verification node in the second partition is configured to determine whether the transaction in the second transaction request is signed by more than half of the verification nodes in the first partition.
In the block chain network, the verification node in the first partition is a request node, and is configured to log in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) form after the verification is passed, where the node is a serial number of a current verification node, tx is a transaction hash value, input is a transaction input that the verification node passes the verification, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
In the block chain network, the verification node in the second partition is a confirmation node, and is configured to log in a Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp) form after the verification is passed, where the node is a serial number of the current verification node, tx is a transaction hash value, signs are all signatures received by the verification node, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
In the above blockchain network, each of the plurality of authentication nodes has its own log hash chain for recording its request and/or acknowledgement behavior in the consensus protocol.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transaction method based on a blockchain network, the blockchain network including a plurality of authentication nodes, a first part of the plurality of authentication nodes being divided into a first partition, a second part of the plurality of authentication nodes being divided into a second partition, the division being performed based on a service scenario, a group, or a service vertical domain, the method including: a verification node in the first partition verifies a first transaction request from a client; after the verification is passed, a verification node in the first partition signs the first transaction request and returns the first transaction request to the client; an authentication node within the second partition authenticates a second transaction request from the client; and after the verification is passed, the verification node in the second partition records transaction information into an account book, wherein the first transaction request comprises transaction content, and the second transaction request comprises the transaction content and the signature of the verification node in the first partition collected by the client.
In the above method, the verifying the first transaction request from the client by the verification node in the first partition comprises: after receiving the first transaction request, a verification node in the first partition verifies whether the digital signature and the input of the user in the transaction content are double-flower.
In the above method, the verifying, by the verification node in the second partition, the second transaction request from the client includes: and the verification node in the second partition judges whether the transaction in the second transaction request obtains the signature of more than half of the verification nodes in the first partition.
In the above method, after the verification is passed, the signing the first transaction request by the verification node in the first partition, and the returning to the client includes: after the verification node in the first partition passes the verification, logging in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) mode, wherein the node is a serial number of the current verification node, tx is a transaction hash value, input is a transaction input passing the verification node, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
In the above method, after the verification passes, the step of the verification node in the second partition entering the transaction information into the account book includes: after the verification of the verification node in the second partition is passed, logging is carried out in a Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp) mode, wherein the node is the serial number of the current verification node, the tx is a transaction hash value, the signs are all signatures received by the verification node, and the timestamp is the current timestamp.
In the above method, each of the plurality of verification nodes has its own log hash chain for recording its request and/or acknowledgement behavior in the consensus protocol.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed, implement the method as described above.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a transaction method and a transaction system based on block chain network node partition, which improve the transaction processing capacity of the system in a partition mode. In addition, the behavior of the nodes in the blockchain system network can be analyzed and processed by the system through the log data, so that mutual audit among the nodes is formed, and mutual witnesses (or cross verifications) of the behaviors of the nodes are formed.
Other features and advantages of the methods and apparatus of the present invention will be more particularly apparent from or elucidated with reference to the drawings described herein, and the following detailed description of the embodiments used to illustrate certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a block chain network based transaction system architecture diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a block chain network based transaction system architecture diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a blockchain network-based transaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a blockchain network-based transaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a log hash chain according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description describes specific embodiments of the invention to teach those skilled in the art how to make and use the best mode of the invention. For the purpose of teaching inventive principles, some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted. Those skilled in the art will appreciate variations from these embodiments that will fall within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below, but only by the claims and their equivalents.
Scalability (Scalability) solutions in blockchain systems are analogous to the importance of the TCP/IP protocol to the internet. Similar to the transaction frequency of the bitcoin blockchain is about 6.67 times/second, each transaction requires 6 blockchain confirmations, 10 minutes is required to generate one block, and the confirmation of one transaction in the whole network requires at least 1 hour, which is very difficult to accept in many application scenarios. In order to solve the problem, the invention uses a transaction verification mode as an entry point, and processes only a part of transactions, such as transactions initiated by a part of accounts, through a fragmentation processing mechanism (sharing), so that the calculation and storage burden of the nodes is reduced, and the transaction throughput and the transaction delay of the system are effectively improved.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a block chain network based transaction system architecture diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the overall transaction system may include a blockchain network 20 and a client 10. A plurality of verification nodes are included within the blockchain network 20. The verification nodes in the system may be partitioned based on different business scenarios, groups, or business verticals. For example, each verification node may have a partition identification of the corresponding partition before its public key address. Each partition includes a number of authentication nodes for performing a Query or Commit process on the transaction.
Fig. 2 also shows a block chain network-based transaction system architecture diagram, wherein the block chain network includes a plurality of verification nodes, a portion of which is divided into Query partitions, and another portion of which is divided into Commit partitions. It is noted that this partitioning can be done based on business scenarios, groups, or business verticals. In one example, each verification node may have a partition identification of the corresponding partition before its public key address. Each partition includes a number of authentication nodes for performing a Query or Commit process on the transaction.
Unlike fig. 1, fig. 2 further illustrates a gateway and system routing apparatus. In the example of fig. 2, a transaction application submitted by a user through a client is sent to each partition within the blockchain network via a gateway, a system routing device.
In one embodiment, the client is responsible for receiving a transaction request of a user (the request comprises a node dynamic joining request and a transaction request), and the transaction input part and the transaction output part are packaged to form a transaction hash value and sent to the gateway. The gateway is responsible for analyzing the transaction hash value to form a multi-input and multi-output form, and sending the result to the system routing device. And the system routing device verifies each input and output to the corresponding Query and Commit partition according to the result analyzed by the gateway, wherein the verification comprises two parts of double-flower prevention verification and transaction validity verification, and the whole transaction is recorded after the transaction verification is successful.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a blockchain network-based transaction method 3000 according to an embodiment of the invention. The blockchain network may refer to the blockchain network 20 described in fig. 1 or 2, which includes a plurality of verification nodes, a first part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a first partition, a second part of the plurality of verification nodes is divided into a second partition, and the division may be performed based on a service scenario, a group or a service vertical domain.
In step 310, an authentication node within the first partition authenticates the first transaction request from the client.
In step 320, after the verification passes, the verification node in the first partition signs the first transaction request and returns it to the client.
In step 330, the authentication node within the second partition authenticates the second transaction request from the client.
In step 340, after the validation passes, the validation node within the second partition credits the transaction information to the ledger.
It is important to note that in the transaction method 3000 described above, the first transaction request includes transaction content, and the second transaction request includes the transaction content and a signature of a verification node within the first partition collected by the client.
The method is based on the multi-partition concept, and reduces the communication overhead caused by the whole network consensus through the partition local consensus, thereby improving the system processing performance.
Referring to fig. 4, a transaction request processing procedure is specifically illustrated, according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, it may include four major parts: the method comprises the steps of transaction analysis, Query partition anti-double-flower verification, transaction execution by a client and transaction verification.
In the transaction analysis process, for example, the gateway analyzes the transaction hash value to form a multi-input and multi-output form, and sends the result to the system routing device. The system routing device then searches the Query partition to which the transaction belongs through each input item in the transaction according to the result of the gateway analysis, and sends the transaction. The transaction resolution process described above may also be implemented separately by the client in one embodiment.
In one embodiment, the transaction is parsed into N inputs and N outputs, both of which are tuples represented as (' InputTx ', [ ' keyid _ in ', ' pos ', ' value _ in ', (' OutputTx ', [ ' keyid _ out ', ' value _ out) ], where keyid _ in is the transaction address corresponding to the current pen input, pos refers to the partition identification to which the transaction address belongs, value _ in is the value corresponding to the current pen input, keyid _ out is the transaction address of the recipient, and value _ out is the value paid to the recipient.
In the verification process of preventing the double flowers in the Query partition, each verification node in the partition verifies the transaction, including the double flowers prevention, the transaction validity and the like, and the transaction is verifiedThe transaction is signed after the pass. In one embodiment, each input is sent to the Query partition to which the transaction address belongs according to the pos identifier to which the input belongs through the analyzed N inputs. Each verification node performs double-flower proof confirmation on the input of the transaction, logs in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) form after confirmation, and signs transaction information (a) (b)
) And returns to the client.
During the process that the client executes the transaction, the client collects the signature sent by the verification node in the Query partition, packages the signature with the transaction and sends the packaged signature to the Commit partition. In one embodiment, the client collects the digital signatures σ sent by Node1, Node2 and Node3 in the Query partition, and sends the collected signatures to the nodes Node4, Node5 and Node6 of the Commit verification partition together with the transaction according to pos identification to which each output belongs.
In the process of verifying the transaction, the Commit partition verifies the transaction information, emphatically judges whether the transaction obtains the signature of more than half of nodes of the Query partition, and after the verification is passed, the account book is recorded. In one embodiment, the verification node verifies the information sent by the user, and after the verification is passed, the information is logged in the form of Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp), and the transaction tx is recorded in the ledger. When more than half of the accounting nodes in the same region record the transaction, the transaction is regarded as being agreed, the transaction cannot be tampered, and the transaction success information is sent to the user.
It should be emphasized that in the context of the present invention, the log and the ledger are two different concepts, the log serves as a hash chain of the log and is mainly used for auditing behaviors of the verification nodes, and the ledger refers to a transaction ledger in which the verification nodes in the system guarantee consistency and is used for recording transaction contents.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the transaction method includes a policy of auditing behaviors of verification nodes, and the implementation of the auditing policy depends on a log hash chain of the node itself, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
all verification nodes in the system have own log hash chain, and the content in the log comprises two types of "Query", "Commit". The "Query" refers to that after a node receives a transaction request, whether digital signatures and input of users in transaction content are double-flower is verified, after verification is passed, logs are recorded in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) mode, the node refers to a serial number of a current verification node, tx is a transaction hash value, input is transaction input of which verification node passes verification, and timestamp is a current timestamp. The chain head value of the hash chain of the current log changes with the addition of this Query record, H _ n = H (Query | H _ (n-1)), where H _ n refers to the hash chain head value after the nth record, Query refers to the current record, and H _ (n-1) refers to the hash chain head value of the first n-1 records in the log. Hash chain header value of current log is signed by (
) The form of the node is transmitted to a transaction Commit (confirmation) verification node, wherein sigma is a digital signature, pk is a public key of an information sending node, tx is a transaction hash value, input is transaction input passing the node verification, node refers to a node serial number, h is a current link value, and n is a corresponding record serial number. After receiving the signatures sent by the nodes, the transaction "Commit" node verifies the signatures (including the input, node serial number, log chain head value, etc. included in the signatures), and after the verification is successful, logs are recorded in the form of Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp), where node refers to the current node serial number, tx is the transaction hash value, signs is all the signatures received by the node, and timestamp is the current timestamp. The chain header value of the current log hash chain changes as the Commit record is added, H _ m = H (Commit | H _ (m-1)), where H _ m refers to the hash chain header value after the mth record, Commit refers to the current record, and H _ (m-1) refers to the hash chain header value of the previous m-1 records in the log.
By analogy, in the whole blockchain system, Query and Commit behaviors of all nodes aiming at one transaction are not recorded by the nodes, but are broadcasted to all nodes in the system and are simultaneously recorded in logs of the nodes, so that a network for instant cross validation among the nodes in the system is formed, when one node wants to tamper with the records or not, the cheating behaviors of the node can be exposed by the logs of the node, and the normal operation of the whole system is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4, each node has its own log hash chain that records its behavior in the consensus protocol, including Query and Commit behaviors. For example, when the client submits a new transaction tx to the node 1-3, it will be recorded in the log in the form of Query after the anti-double-blossom verification is passed, and the current head value (h) is recordedn) Transmitting the signature to the client; after the client collects more than half of signatures (signs, the signatures contain the current link head value of each verifier as witnesses), the signatures and the transaction are sent to the nodes 4-6 for transaction verification; after the transaction verification is passed, the node 4-6 records all signs sent by the client in a log in the form of Commit and generates a new chain head value (h)m）。
After the log hash chain is introduced, the mutual recording and verification of the behaviors of the two stages of 'request' and 'confirmation' in the same transaction process are realized, so that the cheating and non-acting behaviors of any node can be found in the log which can be seen in the whole network.
In addition, the transaction method based on the blockchain network can be realized by a code mode. The code may be stored on a variety of computer storage media including, but not limited to, magnetic disks, magnetic tapes, optical disks, hard disks, U-disks, SD cards, and memory sticks, and the like.
In summary, the technical solution of the present invention provides a transaction method and system based on partition of a network node of a block chain, which improves transaction processing capability of the system in a partition manner. In addition, the behavior of the nodes in the blockchain system network can be analyzed and processed by the system through the log data, so that mutual audit among the nodes is formed, and mutual witnesses (or cross verifications) of the behaviors of the nodes are formed.
The above examples mainly illustrate the partitioning of network nodes in a blockchain based network. Although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and various modifications and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A blockchain network, the network comprising:
a plurality of authentication nodes, a first portion of the plurality of authentication nodes divided into a first partition, a second portion of the plurality of authentication nodes divided into a second partition,
wherein the partitioning is based on a business scenario, a group or a business vertical domain,
the verification node in the first partition is configured to verify a first transaction request from a client, sign the first transaction request after the verification is passed, and return the first transaction request to the client; and
a verification node within the second partition configured to verify a second transaction request from the client and post a ledger upon verification, wherein the first transaction request includes transaction content and the second transaction request includes the transaction content and a signature collected by the client for the verification node within the first partition,
wherein a verification node within the first partition is configured to verify whether a digital signature, input, of a user in the transaction content is double-flower upon receipt of the first transaction request,
wherein the verification node in the second partition is configured to determine whether the transaction in the second transaction request is signed by more than half of the verification nodes in the first partition, and wherein the verification node in the first partition is a requesting node and the verification node in the second partition is a validating node.
2. The blockchain network of claim 1, wherein the verification node in the first partition is a requesting node configured to log in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) after verification is passed, wherein node is a current verification node serial number, tx is a transaction hash value, input is a transaction input for verification node verification passing, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
3. The blockchain network of claim 1, wherein the verification node in the second partition is a validation node configured to log in Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp) after verification is passed, wherein node is a current verification node sequence number, tx is a transaction hash value, signs is all signatures received by the verification node, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
4. The blockchain network of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of verification nodes has its own log hash chain for recording its request and/or acknowledgement behavior in a consensus protocol.
5. A blockchain network based transaction method, wherein the blockchain network includes a plurality of authentication nodes, a first portion of the plurality of authentication nodes is divided into a first partition, a second portion of the plurality of authentication nodes is divided into a second partition, and the division is performed based on a service scenario, a group, or a service vertical domain, the method comprising:
a verification node in the first partition verifies a first transaction request from a client;
after the verification is passed, a verification node in the first partition signs the first transaction request and returns the first transaction request to the client;
an authentication node within the second partition authenticates a second transaction request from the client; and
after verification passes, a verification node within the second partition debits transaction information into a ledger, wherein the first transaction request includes transaction content and the second transaction request includes the transaction content and a signature collected by the client for the verification node within the first partition,
wherein the verifying the first transaction request from the client by the verifying node in the first partition comprises: after receiving the first transaction request, a verification node in the first partition verifies whether the digital signature and the input of the user in the transaction content are double-flower or not,
wherein the verifying the second transaction request from the client by the verifying node within the second partition comprises: and the verification node in the second partition judges whether the transaction in the second transaction request obtains the signature of more than half of the verification nodes in the first partition, wherein the verification node in the first partition is a request node, and the verification node in the second partition is a confirmation node.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein, after verification, the verifying node within the first partition signing the first transaction request and returning to the client comprises:
after the verification node in the first partition passes the verification, logging in a Query (node, tx, input, timestamp) mode, wherein the node is a serial number of the current verification node, tx is a transaction hash value, input is a transaction input passing the verification node, and timestamp is a current timestamp.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein upon validation, the validating node within the second partition debiting the transaction information comprises:
after the verification of the verification node in the second partition is passed, logging is carried out in a Commit (node, tx, signs, timestamp) mode, wherein the node is the serial number of the current verification node, the tx is a transaction hash value, the signs are all signatures received by the verification node, and the timestamp is the current timestamp.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of verification nodes has its own log hash chain for recording its request and/or acknowledgement behavior in a consensus protocol.
9. A computer storage medium characterized in that the medium comprises instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any of claims 5 to 8.
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| CN201710951045.0A CN108023729B (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | Block chain network and transaction method thereof |
| PCT/CN2018/109246 WO2019072136A1 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2018-10-05 | Blockchain network and transaction method therefor |
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| CN108023729A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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