CN108023544B - Intelligent safety monitoring protection system and method for photovoltaic power generation module - Google Patents
Intelligent safety monitoring protection system and method for photovoltaic power generation module Download PDFInfo
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- CN108023544B CN108023544B CN201810088274.9A CN201810088274A CN108023544B CN 108023544 B CN108023544 B CN 108023544B CN 201810088274 A CN201810088274 A CN 201810088274A CN 108023544 B CN108023544 B CN 108023544B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent safety monitoring protection system for a photovoltaic power generation module in the field of photovoltaic power generation, which comprises a plurality of monitoring units correspondingly connected to a photovoltaic module, wherein the monitoring units comprise: the invention improves the running stability and reliability of the whole photovoltaic power generation system, and simultaneously eliminates the potential safety hazard of electric shock to specific personnel in presence due to high voltage generated by the photovoltaic circuit, and can be used in solar power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to protection systems for photovoltaic modules, and particularly to a protection system and method for photovoltaic modules.
Background
In recent years, solar photovoltaic micro-grid development is rapid, a grid-connected inverter is generally required to convert branch power obtained by a photovoltaic power generation system into grid-connected alternating current power in a photovoltaic micro-grid system, and a series of photovoltaic modules are connected in series and parallel to form a photovoltaic array to uniformly provide direct current end power supply.
In the actual operation process, due to factors such as shadow shielding, dirt, battery plate aging and the like, the fault damage of each photovoltaic module can bring great influence to the safety of the whole power generation system. In order to solve the whole problem, the method is generally realized by directly adding the circuit function of the switch photovoltaic module by using a distributed micro-inverter. The distributed micro-inverter directly works on each photovoltaic module and mainly optimizes power output, such as maximum power point tracking, so that each direct-current photovoltaic module generates maximum energy. However, the cost is high, and communication and information exchange between the photovoltaic module circuits are not realized, so that the complete transmission of the switching signals of the central controller to the photovoltaic modules cannot be reliably realized. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic circuit can generate higher voltage, and the safety threat of electric shock is brought to the installation and maintenance of the system and certain specific present personnel such as fire fighters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent safety monitoring protection system and method for a photovoltaic power generation module, which solve the problems that communication among various photovoltaic modules is inconvenient and faults are not easy to find and solve in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: an intelligent safety monitoring protection system and method for a photovoltaic power generation module, wherein the system comprises a plurality of monitoring units correspondingly connected to a photovoltaic module, and the monitoring units comprise:
The current/voltage sensor is responsible for collecting current and voltage conditions of the photovoltaic module in real time and inputting information to the safety controller;
the safety controller is used for further safety control according to whether the current or the voltage is abnormal or not, and if abnormal current or voltage is detected, the safety controller drives the safety driver to enable the photovoltaic module to enter a safety mode state so as to isolate the abnormal current or voltage;
the safety driver circuit is used for closing the photovoltaic module circuit, starting the photovoltaic module circuit or enabling the photovoltaic module circuit to enter a safety isolation state according to different driving instructions of the safety controller;
the wireless communication module is used for realizing information exchange and transmission of the adjacent monitoring units;
the safety system power supply realizes independent uninterrupted power supply by utilizing the power generation of the photovoltaic module and the rechargeable battery and provides the uninterrupted power supply for the monitoring unit to work;
The current/voltage sensor and the safety driver circuit are electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the current/voltage sensor and the safety driver circuit are electrically connected to the safety controller, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the safety controller;
The method comprises the following steps:
Step 1) in each execution period, a safety controller monitors signals transmitted by a current/voltage sensor and received control signals of a central controller;
Step 2) if no current or voltage abnormality is found and no shutdown signal of the central controller is received, returning to the previous step to start a new execution period;
Step 3) if the current or voltage is found to be abnormal or a closing signal of the central controller is received, the safety controller drives the safety driver to isolate the corresponding photovoltaic module circuit, so that the photovoltaic module circuit enters a safety mode, and corresponding open circuit and short circuit protection is utilized to ensure that the photovoltaic circuit cannot generate voltage or current threatening personnel;
step 4) then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communicator to send out warning information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a safety mode and a closing state;
Step 5) if the maintenance is stopped due to abnormality, the maintenance needs to wait, the wireless communication module can be used for prompting fault positioning, and the safety closing mode ensures that maintenance personnel are not in danger of electric shock;
After the maintenance of the step 6), if the wireless communication module receives the starting signal of the central controller, the safety controller firstly carries out local self-checking of the photovoltaic module circuit, confirms whether the power generation circuit is abnormal or not, and if the power generation circuit is abnormal, the step 4) is returned again;
Step 7) if the self-checking circuit is abnormal, the safety controller uses the safety driver to conduct the photovoltaic module so as to be integrated into the power generation system;
step 8) then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communication module to send out prompt information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a normal power generation state.
As a further limitation of the invention, the photovoltaic module further comprises a central controller which is communicated with the monitoring unit to acquire the data monitored by the monitoring unit, and can send a control signal to the monitoring unit to control the photovoltaic module to work.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the communication manner between the central controller and the monitoring unit includes: the central controller can directly communicate with the monitoring units, or can communicate with a single monitoring unit first and then communicate with adjacent monitoring units.
As a further limitation of the invention, the safety driver may comprise a bypass switch, a blocking diode circuit, a cut-off switch, a short-circuit switch, and the safety controller implements safety control of the photovoltaic module circuit through the safety driver circuit according to different monitoring needs.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the wireless communication module may use radio frequency sound waves or magnetic fields to perform data communication, where the radio frequency sound waves may be used to alert safety mode status of the photovoltaic module to prompt specific personnel in presence.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the communication method between the central controller and the monitoring unit specifically includes:
step a), the monitoring unit receives control information sent by the adjacent unit;
step b) judging whether the signal is a central control signal, if not, returning to the last step to continuously accept the information;
step c) if the control signal is a central control signal, further judging whether the control signal is a control signal corresponding to the component according to the ID signal contained in the signal;
Step d) if the control signal is about the component, opening or closing the component according to the content of the control signal, and sending a signal to prompt the state of the component by utilizing the wireless communicator, and meanwhile, not transmitting the central control signal further;
Step e) if the control signal is not about the component, using the wireless communication device to send information to other adjacent components to continue transmitting the control signal until the target component receives the control signal;
step f) continues with the next execution cycle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the safety state of the photovoltaic power generation assembly can be monitored in real time, and the information exchange among the monitoring systems is realized through wireless communication according to the actual running state of each photovoltaic power generation assembly, so that the running of the system is integrally optimized, the shutdown of the whole power generation system caused by the sudden failure of the individual photovoltaic power generation assembly is prevented to the greatest extent, the running stability and the reliability of the whole photovoltaic power generation system are improved, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard of electric shock to specific on-site personnel caused by the high voltage generated by a photovoltaic circuit is avoided. The invention can be used in solar power generation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection and cooperation between an intelligent security monitoring protection system and a photovoltaic module in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring unit in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the intelligent security controller and the security driver circuit in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the intelligent security monitoring and protecting method in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a communication method between a central controller and a monitoring unit in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a communication schematic diagram of a wireless communication module according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an unprotected photovoltaic module system in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims at safety monitoring and protection of a photovoltaic system power generation assembly, an unprotected photovoltaic assembly system structure block diagram is shown in fig. 7, a power generation circuit is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic group strings which are connected in series to supply direct current to an inverter uniformly, if a single photovoltaic assembly fails, the whole efficiency of the system is greatly influenced, and the failure positioning is difficult, so that the system maintenance cost is high.
The safety monitoring and protecting system specially used for the photovoltaic power generation assembly level is shown in the figure 1, each photovoltaic assembly is monitored and protected by one monitoring unit in real time, faults of the single photovoltaic assembly can be found and processed in time, and the overall working efficiency of the system is not affected; in addition, each monitoring unit can communicate with each other, and can act as a router to transmit central control signals, such as switching signals, step by step.
As shown in fig. 2, the monitoring unit includes:
the current/voltage sensor is responsible for collecting current and voltage conditions of the photovoltaic module in real time and inputting information to the safety controller;
The safety controller performs further safety control according to whether the current or the voltage is abnormal or not, and if abnormal current or voltage is detected, the safety controller drives the safety driver to enable the photovoltaic module to enter a safety mode state so as to isolate the abnormal current or voltage;
As shown in fig. 3, the safety driver may include a bypass switch, a blocking diode circuit, a circuit breaker, and a short-circuit switch, and the safety controller implements safety control of the photovoltaic module circuit through the safety driver circuit according to different monitoring requirements. According to different driving instructions of the safety controller, the safety driver can close the photovoltaic module circuit, open the photovoltaic module circuit or enable the photovoltaic module circuit to enter a safety isolation state;
The wireless communication module can utilize low-cost radio frequency, magnetic field or sound wave to realize information communication and transmission of the adjacent intelligent safety system, for example, the central controller sends out a closing signal, and the signal can be transmitted to each photovoltaic module step by step through the mutual communication function of the intelligent safety system. In addition, the sound waves can also be used for warning the safety mode state of the photovoltaic module so as to prompt specific personnel in the presence, such as daily maintenance or fire emergency personnel;
the safety system power supply utilizes the power generation of the photovoltaic module and the rechargeable battery to realize independent uninterrupted power supply, and provides the independent uninterrupted power supply for the intelligent safety system.
The protection method in the invention is shown in fig. 4, the whole control program is executed by the safety controller, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) In each execution period, firstly, a safety controller monitors signals transmitted by a sensor and received central control signals;
2) If no current or voltage abnormality is found and the central control closing signal is not received, returning to the previous step to start a new execution period;
3) If the current or voltage is found to be abnormal or a central control closing signal is received, the safety controller drives the safety driver to isolate the photovoltaic module circuit, so that the photovoltaic module circuit enters a safety mode, and corresponding open circuit and short circuit protection is utilized to ensure that the photovoltaic module circuit does not generate voltage or current threatening personnel;
4) Then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communicator to send out warning information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a safety mode and a closing state;
5) If the maintenance is stopped due to abnormality, the maintenance needs to wait, the fault location can be prompted by utilizing radio frequency wireless communication and sound waves, and the safety closing mode ensures that maintenance personnel are not in danger of electric shock;
6) After maintenance is finished, if the receiver receives a central control starting signal, the safety controller firstly carries out local self-checking on the photovoltaic module circuit, confirms whether the power generation circuit is abnormal or not, and if the power generation circuit is abnormal, returns to the step 4);
7) If the self-checking circuit is not abnormal, the safety controller utilizes the safety driver to conduct the photovoltaic module so as to be integrated into the power generation system;
8) And then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communication device to send out prompt information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a normal power generation state.
The wireless communication module of the intelligent safety monitoring protection system can be realized by utilizing radio frequency, sound wave or magnetic field in a communication mode, and the communication distance can be very short, because each adjacent monitoring unit can communicate with each other and transmit central control information step by step. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the monitoring units communicating with each other to exchange information, showing two communication modes, one using radio frequency and the other using magnetic field signals. Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a subroutine of each monitoring protection system transmitting a central control signal to each other, wherein the central control signal can be an on-light signal for a single component or a switch signal of an integral serial system, each monitoring safety protection system firstly judges whether the signal is directed against own control signal after receiving a signal sent by an adjacent system, if the signal is directed against other systems, the corresponding switch processing is performed, and if the signal is directed against other systems, the wireless communication module is continuously used for transmitting the signal to the other systems until the corresponding component system receives the control signal. The specific steps of the whole process of executing the central control signal are as follows:
1) Receiving control information sent by a nearby system;
2) Judging whether the signal is a central control signal, if not, returning to the last step to continuously accept the information;
3) If the control signal is a central control signal, further judging whether the control signal is a control signal related to the component according to the ID signal included in the signal;
4) If the control signal is about the component, the component is started or closed according to the content of the control signal, and a wireless communicator is utilized to send a signal to prompt the state of the component, and meanwhile, the central control signal is not transmitted any further;
5) If the control signal is not about the component, the wireless communicator is utilized to send information to other adjacent components so as to continue to transmit the control signal until the target component receives the signal;
6) The next execution cycle is continued.
The intelligent security monitoring protection system can also realize control of the PC, the notebook or the intelligent telephone on the whole monitoring security protection system by utilizing wifi and a gateway, and signals of the central controller are transmitted to the monitoring unit of each component through the gateway.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the invention, a person skilled in the art may make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features thereof without creative effort according to the technical content disclosed, and all the substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An intelligent safety monitoring protection system for a photovoltaic power generation module is characterized by comprising a plurality of monitoring units correspondingly connected to a photovoltaic module, wherein the monitoring units comprise:
The current/voltage sensor is responsible for collecting current and voltage conditions of the photovoltaic module in real time and inputting information to the safety controller;
the safety controller is used for further safety control according to whether the current or the voltage is abnormal or not, and if abnormal current or voltage is detected, the safety controller drives the safety driver to enable the photovoltaic module to enter a safety mode state so as to isolate the abnormal current or voltage;
The safety driver circuit is used for closing the photovoltaic module circuit, starting the photovoltaic module circuit or enabling the photovoltaic module circuit to enter a safety isolation state according to different driving instructions of the safety controller, and the safety driver can comprise a bypass switch, a blocking diode circuit, a circuit breaker switch and a short-circuit switch, and the safety controller realizes the safety control of the photovoltaic module circuit through the safety driver circuit according to different monitoring requirements;
the wireless communication module is used for realizing information exchange and transmission of the adjacent monitoring units;
the safety system power supply realizes independent uninterrupted power supply by utilizing the power generation of the photovoltaic module and the rechargeable battery and provides the uninterrupted power supply for the monitoring unit to work;
The current/voltage sensor and the safety driver circuit are electrically connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the current/voltage sensor and the safety driver circuit are electrically connected to the safety controller, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the safety controller;
The photovoltaic module comprises a monitoring unit, a central controller and a control unit, wherein the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the photovoltaic module, and the central controller is communicated with the monitoring unit to acquire data monitored by the monitoring unit and can send control signals to the monitoring unit to control the photovoltaic module to work; the communication mode between the central controller and the monitoring unit comprises the following steps: the central controller can directly communicate with the monitoring units, or can firstly communicate with a single monitoring unit and then communicate with adjacent monitoring units; the communication method of the central controller and the monitoring unit specifically comprises the following steps:
step a), the monitoring unit receives control information sent by the adjacent unit;
step b) judging whether the signal is a central control signal, if not, returning to the last step to continuously accept the information;
step c) if the control signal is a central control signal, further judging whether the control signal is a control signal corresponding to the component according to the ID signal contained in the signal;
Step d) if the control signal is about the component, opening or closing the component according to the content of the control signal, and sending a signal to prompt the state of the component by utilizing the wireless communicator, and meanwhile, not transmitting the central control signal further;
Step e) if the control signal is not about the component, using the wireless communication device to send information to other adjacent components to continue transmitting the control signal until the target component receives the control signal;
Step f) continuing the next execution period;
The operation includes the following steps, step 1), in each execution period, the safety controller monitors the signal transmitted by the current/voltage sensor and the received control signal of the central controller;
Step 2) if no current or voltage abnormality is found and no shutdown signal of the central controller is received, returning to the previous step to start a new execution period;
Step 3) if the current or voltage is found to be abnormal or a closing signal of the central controller is received, the safety controller drives the safety driver to isolate the corresponding photovoltaic module circuit, so that the photovoltaic module circuit enters a safety mode, and corresponding open circuit and short circuit protection is utilized to ensure that the photovoltaic circuit cannot generate voltage or current threatening personnel;
step 4) then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communicator to send out warning information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a safety mode and a closing state;
Step 5) if the maintenance is stopped due to abnormality, the maintenance needs to wait, the wireless communication module can be used for prompting fault positioning, and the safety closing mode ensures that maintenance personnel are not in danger of electric shock;
After the maintenance of the step 6), if the wireless communication module receives the starting signal of the central controller, the safety controller firstly carries out local self-checking of the photovoltaic module circuit, confirms whether the power generation circuit is abnormal or not, and if the power generation circuit is abnormal, the step 4) is returned again;
Step 7) if the self-checking circuit is abnormal, the safety controller uses the safety driver to conduct the photovoltaic module so as to be integrated into the power generation system;
step 8) then the safety controller utilizes the wireless communication module to send out prompt information to prompt the photovoltaic circuit to be in a normal power generation state.
2. The intelligent safety monitoring and protecting system for a photovoltaic power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication module can use radio frequency sound waves or magnetic fields for data communication, and the radio frequency sound waves can be used for warning the safety mode state of the photovoltaic module so as to prompt specific present personnel.
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| CN106992550A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-28 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of control device and header box |
| CN208638329U (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-03-22 | 扬州华鼎电器有限公司 | A kind of intelligent safety monitoring protection system for photovoltaic generating module |
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| CN202261101U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-30 | 上海大全赛奥法电气科技有限公司 | Power optimizer and intelligent photovoltaic assembly |
| CN204465412U (en) * | 2015-03-14 | 2015-07-08 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of photovoltaic generating system intelligentized control method complete machine device |
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| CN106992550A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-28 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of control device and header box |
| CN208638329U (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-03-22 | 扬州华鼎电器有限公司 | A kind of intelligent safety monitoring protection system for photovoltaic generating module |
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