CN108023265A - A kind of long-life electron injector for being used for free electron laser or synchrotron radiation source - Google Patents
A kind of long-life electron injector for being used for free electron laser or synchrotron radiation source Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108023265A CN108023265A CN201610928349.0A CN201610928349A CN108023265A CN 108023265 A CN108023265 A CN 108023265A CN 201610928349 A CN201610928349 A CN 201610928349A CN 108023265 A CN108023265 A CN 108023265A
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- Prior art keywords
- photocathode
- electron
- disk
- laser
- vacuum chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/0903—Free-electron laser
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
- H05H2007/081—Sources
- H05H2007/084—Electron sources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of electron injector for being used for free electron laser (FEL) or synchrotron radiation source (SRLS).Wherein, electron injector of the invention includes vacuum chamber, electronic generator, the electron accelerator being installed in the vacuum chamber, and vacuum chamber is equipped with an electron beam exit portal.Electronic generator is installed in the photocathode disk in vacuum chamber including a laser and one, and photocathode disk is equipped with several sub-light cathodes.Photocathode disk is installed in vacuum chamber by the way that a support device is movable, and can make the laser beam focus that laser is sent on different sub-light cathodes.The present invention provides a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, long lifespan and can replace the electron injector for being used for free electron laser (FEL) or synchrotron radiation source (SRLS) of photocathode online, to solve the defects of injector structures of existing free electron laser (FEL) or synchrotron radiation source (SRLS) are complicated, photocathode service life is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to free electron laser (FEL) or synchrotron radiation source (SRLS) technical field, more particularly, to
A kind of electron injector for FEL or SRLS and the method for improving its service life.
Background technology
At present, since free electron laser, synchrotron radiation source have the spectral region of ultra-wide, extremely wide and fine tuning
The advantages that ability, it is widely used in material science, photochemistry and life science.And photocathode be FEL or
One of critical component of SRLS systems, the quality of photocathode directly affect the quality of light source.However, the half of high-quality high-efficiency
Conductor photocathode, due to the positive ion bombardment in the induced damage and vacuum chamber of laser emission, service life only has several to several
Ten hours, it is difficult to which realization works long hours.Therefore, how to improve the working life of photocathode and stability be promote FEL or
One of major issue of SRLS practicalities.
In order to improve the service life of photocathode, a kind of photocathode amplification system is provided in United States Patent (USP) US13/691708
System, it drives the photocathode of a strip to move reciprocatingly using a motor, to avoid laser beam prolonged exposure transmitting table
Same section on face, to increase the photocathode service life.However, since the limited length and photocathode of photocathode are in an integral blocks
Shape causes the reason for its heat radiation energy force difference, and the photocathode service life improves extremely limited, and to add volume larger for this structure, to vacuum
Chamber modification is more, limits its application field.A kind of electron injector is provided in Chinese patent CN201480066424.6
And free electron laser, it provides two electron beam injectors, during one of work, another as spare mode,
To solve the problems, such as photocathode short life.Though can accomplish free electron laser work, the photocathode of spare injector is replaced,
But the complexity of overall structure but greatly improves；And in that patent it is also mentioned that using the workspace for finely tuning photocathode
Domain, to improve the method for its service life, but this adjustment mode working region is limited, it is necessary to increase electron beam adjustment structure,
As a result it is nor of great satisfaction.
The content of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of it is simple in structure, easy to operate, service life is long and can realize the online electricity for replacing photocathode
Sub- injector, to solve the defects of existing electron injector structure is complicated, photocathode service life is short.
A kind of according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided photocathode assembly, it is characterised in that：It includes photocathode disk,
It is embedded on the photocathode disk to be equiped with several sub-light cathodes.
Present invention also offers a kind of electron injector, it is characterised in that：It includes vacuum chamber, electronic generator, installing
Electron accelerator in the vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber are equipped with an electron beam exit portal, the electronic generator bag
Including a laser and one and be installed in photocathode assembly in the vacuum chamber, the photocathode assembly includes a photocathode disk,
The photocathode disk is equipped with several sub-light cathodes, and the photocathode disk by a support device it is movable be installed in it is described true
In cavity, make the laser beam focus that the laser is sent on different sub-light cathodes.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the support device includes a shaft, and the photocathode disk passes through this turn
Axis is installed in the vacuum chamber.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the shaft is arranged in parallel with free electron acceleration direction, and the branch
Support arrangement further includes a driving motor, and the shaft is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the support device further includes one and is used to drive the photocathode disk with respect to institute
The linear drive apparatus that the electron accelerator stated moves up and down, the driving motor are installed in the linear drive apparatus
On, the linear drive apparatus includes a shift bench and drives the motor of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of shift bench movement.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the shaft is vertically arranged with free electron acceleration direction, and the branch
Support arrangement further includes a motor, and the shaft is connected with the output shaft of the motor.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, one end of the shaft is extended to outside the vacuum chamber, and manually
Drive its rotation.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the support device further includes a translation stage, photocathode disk installing
On the translation stage.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the translation stage includes longitudinal translation platform and transverse translation platform, the horizontal stroke
It is installed in translation stage on the longitudinal translation platform, the photocathode disk is installed on the transverse translation platform.
Present invention also offers a kind of method for improving the electron injector service life, including provide the laser of laser beam, production
The photocathode assembly and electron accelerator of raw free electron, the laser produce laser projection and are produced on the photocathode assembly
Free electron, and exported after being accelerated by the electron accelerator, it is characterised in that：The photocathode assembly includes a light
Cathode disc, the photocathode disk are equipped with several sub-light cathodes, and the photocathode disk can swashing of producing of relatively described laser
Beam motion, the laser beam focus that the laser is sent is on different sub-light cathodes.
A kind of electron injector of the application, by setting a photocathode disk in vacuum chamber, and fills on photocathode disk
If several sub-light cathodes, coordinate photocathode disk relative laser device that relative motion occurs so that different sub-light cathodes, which is in, to swash
On the laser beam foucing that light device is sent, the state of discontinuous operation is in so as to fulfill the sub-light cathode on photocathode disk, avoids it
In under the focusing in laser beam for a long time of any one sub-light cathode, the problem of causing its sub-light cathode service life to shorten；
It is cloudy to facilitate user to replace impaired sub-light at any time meanwhile of the invention sub-light cathode is detachable is installed on photocathode disk
Pole；Different photocathodes on photocathode disk can use identical material or different materials to be made, to meet different use need
Will；And the photocathode disk of the present invention is to be installed in by support device in vacuum chamber, and the photocathode disk can relative laser device fortune
It is dynamic, so that it is during the work time, support device movement can be driven to drive the movement of photocathode disk as needed, select or replace
Sub-light cathode, so as to fulfill its online purpose for replacing photocathode；The photocathode workspace of the present invention is always positioned at chamber central,
Coordinate the lasing light emitter of high quality, can will produce preferable electron beam.The present invention is with existing photocathode material and is not repairing excessively
Under conditions of changing traditional cavity, the service life of photocathode is greatly extended.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the first embodiment of electron injector of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of second of embodiment of electron injector of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the third embodiment of electron injector of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the first embodiment of photocathode assembly of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of second of embodiment of photocathode assembly of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of the third embodiment of photocathode assembly of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structure diagram of the 4th kind of embodiment of photocathode assembly of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of the 5th kind of embodiment of photocathode assembly of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.Electron injector emphasis mentioned in the present invention is to use
In free electron laser (FEL), synchrotron radiation source (SRLS), but it is not limited in above-mentioned two classes product.
Referring to Fig. 1, and with reference to shown in Fig. 4, a kind of electron injector of the invention, including vacuum chamber 10, electronics occur
Device, the electron accelerator 30 being installed in vacuum chamber 10, the vacuum chamber 10 are equipped with an electron beam exit portal 11.Wherein, electronics
Generator includes a laser 21 and one is installed in photocathode assembly in vacuum chamber 10.The photocathode assembly includes a photocathode
Disk 22.Photocathode disk 22 is installed in vacuum chamber 10 by the way that a support device is movable, and if being equiped with photocathode disk 22
Dry sub- photocathode 23；Laser 21 is installed in outside vacuum chamber 10, and coordinates and a window is equipped with vacuum chamber 10, to allow to swash
The laser beam that light device 21 occurs passes through.Wherein, sub-light cathode 23 of the invention can be evenly distributed on photocathode disk 22, also may be used
Being set in a manner of non-uniform Distribution on photocathode disk 22.
Laser beam 211 is produced when laser 21 works, is entered by the window on vacuum chamber 10 in vacuum chamber 10, irradiation
On sub-light cathode 23 on photocathode disk 22, sub-light cathode 23 is activated to produce free electron beam 40.Free electron beam 40
After the acceleration of electron accelerator 30, projected from electron beam exit portal 11.During continuous firing, since laser beam 211 focuses on for a long time
Photocathode is easily lead on some photocathode of photocathode disk 22 to burn, plus intracavitary positive ion bombardment, photocathode makes
It is shorter with the service life.
For this problem, the present embodiment is by driving support device movement to drive photocathode disk 22 to rotate so that laser
Beam 211 is focused on the different sub-light cathodes 23 on photocathode disk 22, allows the sub-light cathode 23 of photocathode disk 22 to knock off between being in
Make, to reach the service life for improving sub-light cathode 23, and then improve the service life of electron injector；And due to being distributed on photocathode disk 22
Have some sub-light cathodes 23, and photocathode disk 22 can relative laser beam 211 move, therefore, when wherein some sub-light cathode 23
After damage, it is only necessary to rotate photocathode disk 22 and change the sub-light cathode 23 that laser beam 211 is focused on, just may be implemented in without opening
In the case of vacuum chamber 10, sub-light cathode 23 is replaced, it is convenient to use.
Further, for the photocathode disk 22 and the structure of support device that the present invention will be described in detail, referring to Fig. 2, and tying
Close shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, support device of the invention includes a shaft 251, and photocathode disk 22 is installed in very by the shaft 251
In cavity 10, and the shaft 251 can manually drive or pass through electric drive.In use, need only in original
One shaft 251 of installing in some vacuum chambers 10, photocathode disk 22 is installed by shaft 251, real to drive photocathode disk 22 to rotate
The laser beam 211 that 23 relative laser device 21 of sub-light cathode is sent on existing photocathode disk 22 produces relative motion, is changing so as to reach
The purpose in photocathode service life is greatly improved in the case of dynamic original structure is less.
A kind of first embodiment of electron injector of the present invention, as shown in fig.1, the shaft 251 accelerates with free electron
Direction be arranged in parallel, and the support device further includes a driving motor 252, shaft 251 with the output shaft of driving motor 252
Heart line overlaps, in use, user can be by driving motor 252 to realize its driving to photocathode disk 22, to ensure photocathode disk
22 uniform motion, ensures to produce the stability of 40 mass of electron beam.Wherein, photocathode assembly of the invention includes a photocathode
Disk 22.The photocathode disk 22 is a rosette, and the equally distributed groove in several intervals is equipped with the rosette, such as
Shown in Fig. 4, wherein, groove is annularly distributed at the annulus in same diameter, and sub-light cathode 23 is Embedded to be installed in groove
In, a mounting hole is equipped with the middle part of turntable, shaft 251 is installed on mounting hole and is connected with driving motor 252.
A kind of second embodiment of electron injector of the present invention, as shown in fig.2, in order to further improve photocathode disk 22
Service efficiency, and ensure photocathode disk 22 move stationarity, prevent laser beam 211 after focus on for a long time wherein some
On sub-light cathode, support device of the invention further includes one and is used to drive 22 opposing electronic accelerator 30 of photocathode disk to move up and down
Linear drive apparatus 253, driving motor 252 is installed in linear drive apparatus 253, and linear drive apparatus 253 includes one and moves
Row platform and the motor of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line for driving the shift bench to move, its concrete structure are referred to shown in Fig. 2.In operation, motor of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line
Drive shift bench relative to laser about 21 or side-to-side movement, drive the driving motor being installed on shift bench about 252 or
Side-to-side movement, and coordinate driving motor 252 to rotate and drive photocathode disk 22 to rotate, so as to drive difference on photocathode disk 22
23 quick-replaceable of photocathode is in laser 21 and sends on 211 focal position of laser beam, to prevent wherein some or more height
23 long-time of photocathode is on 211 focal position of laser beam, causes to damage.As being set on the photocathode disk 22 in the present embodiment
There are some concentric but different diameter annular grooves, sub-light cathode 23 is annularly embedded to be installed in annular groove, as shown in Figure 6.
Certainly, can be one on the groove of photocathode disk 22, as shown in Figure 5.
A kind of the third embodiment of electron injector of the present invention, refers to shown in Fig. 3 and 7, shaft 251 of the invention with
Free electron acceleration direction is vertically arranged, and support device further includes a motor 254, shaft 251 and the output shaft of the motor 254
It is connected.Motor 254 can drive shaft 251 rotate, so as to drive photocathode disk 22 to rotate, to realize different sons on photocathode disk 22
Under the laser beam 211 that laser 21 is sent at photocathode 23 acts on, achieve the purpose that to improve 23 service life of sub-light cathode, its specific work
Make principle with specific embodiment 1, do not repeating herein.What deserves to be explained is the photocathode disk 22 in the present embodiment is in just polygon
Shape, and sub-light cathode 23 is respectively embedded into formula and is installed on each side end face of the photocathode disk 22, as shown in Figure 7.When motor 254
When driving the rotation of shaft 251, photocathode disk 22 rotates, and makes the different side end faces on photocathode disk 22 and the laser beam of laser 21
211 is intersecting, so that different sub-light cathodes 23 is subject to the excitation of laser beam 211.
A kind of 4th kind of embodiment of electron injector of the present invention, the support device of the present embodiment include a translation stage, light
Cathode disc 22 is installed on translation stage, and the translation stage can manually or electrically mode drive its movement to drive to be installed on time
The laser beam 211 that 23 relative laser device 21 of sub-light cathode on pole disk 22 is sent moves, and realizes that the sub-light on photocathode disk 22 is cloudy
23 discontinuous operation of pole, improves its service life.Preferably, translation stage of the invention includes longitudinal translation platform and transverse translation platform, laterally
Translation stage is installed on longitudinal translation platform, which is installed on transverse translation platform, and photocathode disk 22 and freely electricity
The direction that son accelerates is vertically arranged, and 23 workspace of sub-light cathode is located on the center line of electron accelerator 30.Wherein, the light
22 rectangular shape of cathode disc, and some equally distributed shrinkage pools are equipped with the photocathode disk 22, sub-light cathode 23 is installed respectively
In the shrinkage pool, as shown in Figure 8.
In order to realize a photocathode disk 22 meet it is different use needs, some height on photocathode disk 22 of the invention
Photocathode 23 is the photocathode monomer that unlike material is made, and photocathode monomer is inserted to be installed on photocathode disk 22.Make
Used time, user can be changed the laser beam 211 that laser 21 is launched and focused on by the movement of drive shaft 251 or translation stage
On the photocathode monomer of unlike material, so as to produce the free electron of not same amount or initial velocity.
Present invention also offers a kind of method for improving the electron injector service life, including provide the laser of laser beam 211
21st, the photocathode assembly and electron accelerator 30 of free electron are produced, laser 21 produces laser projection in the photocathode assembly
Upper generation free electron, and exported after being accelerated by electron accelerator 30；Photocathode assembly includes a photocathode disk 22, and at this
Photocathode disk 22 is equipped with several sub-light cathodes 23, and the photocathode disk 22 can the laser beam that produces of relatively described laser 21
211 movements, make laser beam 211 caused by laser 21 focus on the different sub-light cathode 23 of photocathode disk 22, to reach
On the interval of sub-light cathode 23 is in running order, so as to achieve the purpose that to improve its working life.
A kind of electron injector of the application, by setting a photocathode disk 22 in vacuum chamber 10, and in photocathode disk 22
Upper several sub-light cathodes of installing, coordinate 22 relative laser device 21 of photocathode disk that relative motion occurs so that laser 21 produces
Position of the laser beam focus on photocathode disk 22 change, between being in so as to fulfill the sub-light cathode on photocathode disk 22
Knock off the state of work, avoid under the photocathode focusing in laser beam 211 for a long time, cause what its photocathode service life shortened
Problem；Meanwhile of the invention photocathode is detachable is installed on photocathode disk 22, to facilitate user to replace impaired light at any time
Cathode；Different photocathodes on photocathode disk 22 can be made using different materials, to meet different use needs.This hair
It is bright with existing photocathode material and under conditions of excessively traditional cavity is not changed, greatly extend photocathode uses the longevity
Life.
Finally, the present processes are only preferable embodiment, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. electron injector, it is characterised in that：It includes vacuum chamber, electronic generator, the electricity being installed in the vacuum chamber Sub- accelerator, the vacuum chamber are equipped with an electron beam exit portal, and the electronic generator includes a laser and a dress The photocathode assembly being located in the vacuum chamber, the photocathode assembly include a photocathode disk, which is equipped with Several sub-light cathodes, and the photocathode disk is installed in the vacuum chamber by the way that a support device is movable, is made described sharp The laser beam focus that light device is sent is on different sub-light cathodes.
- A kind of 2. electron injector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The support device includes a shaft, institute The photocathode disk stated is installed in by the shaft in the vacuum chamber.
- A kind of 3. electron injector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The shaft and free electron acceleration direction It is arranged in parallel, and the support device further includes a driving motor, the shaft and the output shaft of the driving motor It is connected.
- A kind of 4. electron injector as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The support device further includes one and is used to drive The linear drive apparatus that the relatively described electron accelerator of the photocathode disk moves up and down, the driving motor are installed in On the linear drive apparatus, the linear drive apparatus includes a shift bench and drives the electricity of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of shift bench movement Machine.
- A kind of 5. electron injector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The shaft and free electron acceleration direction It is vertically arranged, and the support device further includes a motor, the shaft is connected with the output shaft of the motor.
- A kind of 6. electron injector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：One end of the shaft extends to described Outside vacuum chamber, and manually drive its rotation.
- A kind of 7. electron injector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The support device further includes a translation Platform, the photocathode disk are installed on the translation stage.
- A kind of 8. electron injector as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The translation stage include longitudinal translation platform and Transverse translation platform, the transverse translation platform are installed on the longitudinal translation platform, and the photocathode disk is installed in described Transverse translation platform on.
- 9. a kind of method for improving the electron injector service life, including the laser of laser beam is provided, produces the time of free electron Pole assembly and electron accelerator, the laser produces laser projection and produces free electron on the photocathode assembly, and passes through The electron accelerator exports after accelerating, it is characterised in that：The photocathode assembly includes a photocathode disk, the light Cathode disc is equipped with several sub-light cathodes, and the photocathode disk can the laser beam movement that produces of relatively described laser, make described The laser beam focus that laser is launched is on different sub-light cathodes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610928349.0A CN108023265A (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | A kind of long-life electron injector for being used for free electron laser or synchrotron radiation source |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610928349.0A CN108023265A (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | A kind of long-life electron injector for being used for free electron laser or synchrotron radiation source |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108023265A true CN108023265A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610928349.0A Pending CN108023265A (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | A kind of long-life electron injector for being used for free electron laser or synchrotron radiation source |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113678330A (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2021-11-19 | 振幅公司 | Laser system with pulse time overlap |
| CN115915567A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-04-04 | 北京大学 | Movable long-life photocathode standard component and implementation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113678330A (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2021-11-19 | 振幅公司 | Laser system with pulse time overlap |
| CN115915567A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-04-04 | 北京大学 | Movable long-life photocathode standard component and implementation method thereof |
| CN115915567B (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-16 | 北京大学 | Movable long-service-life photocathode standard component and implementation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |