CN108020783B - A kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation - Google Patents
A kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108020783B CN108020783B CN201711273636.3A CN201711273636A CN108020783B CN 108020783 B CN108020783 B CN 108020783B CN 201711273636 A CN201711273636 A CN 201711273636A CN 108020783 B CN108020783 B CN 108020783B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
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Abstract
A kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation, belongs to Motor Measuring Technology field.The present invention is a kind of method that the temperature rise data accurate reproduction using under motor load in short-term excitation state goes out temperature rise data under motor load Persistent Excitation state.The invention has the advantages that obtaining the temperature rise data under motor load Persistent Excitation state indirectly with the measurement data under motor load in short-term excitation state, temperature rise value when motor temperature rise is motivated lower than load continuous in test process reduces the risk of electromotor high-temperature damage；It only needs in short-term to motivate motor, motor can be in natural cooling state for a long time, and energy consumption can be effectively reduced；Calculating process is simple, easily operated, without using priori knowledges such as motor model, loss model and system association attributes, without obtaining the order and design parameter of thermal transfer function.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Motor Measuring Technology fields, are related to a kind of equivalent test side of motor temperature rise of short-time load excitation
Method, and in particular to a kind of test data using under motor load in short-term excitation state restores motor load Persistent Excitation state
The test method of lower temperature rise data.
Background technique
Motor temperature rise affects the reliability and service life to insulate in motor, the safety with motor and its application apparatus
It is closely related with reliability.Therefore, the temperature rise for accurately obtaining the certain loads working conditions such as Rated motor, overload, for verifying
The reasonability and reliability of design of electrical motor have great significance.
It is at present that expectation is persistently loaded and maintained to motor to test shape for the method for particular job state temperature rise test
State is obtained the temperature rise value of motor by temperature sensor or winding hot resistance value after temperature is stablized, can also pass through motor
Temperature rise value is calculated in the loss of quantity of state and motor and thermal model.Measurement of the existing method to motor particular job state temperature rise
Motor is needed to be constantly in the load condition, the higher disadvantage of risk and energy consumption burnt there are motor, such as: in design of electrical motor
Qualify Phase is tested in the method for existing specified temperature rising state measurement, be will cause when holding insufficient to margin of temperature rise
Motor is burnt, bigger for short time duty electromechanical testing difficulty；For some heavy-duty motors, temperature rising-time is long, needs to grow
Time maintains motor rated power or nominal loss, energy consumption higher.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the purpose of the present invention is to solve existing motor temperature rise test method difficulty is big, energy consumption is high, provides one
The motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of kind short-time load excitation, it is particularly a kind of using under motor load in short-term excitation state
Test data accurate reproduction goes out the test method of temperature rise data under motor load Persistent Excitation state.Load the electricity under motivating in short-term
Machine temperature lower than load continuous excitation under motor temperature, obtain the temperature rising state test data under the state can effectively avoid around
Group high temperature is burnt, and can also effectively reduce energy consumption.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation, specific step is as follows for the method:
Step 1: motor short-term operation: making motor work under conditions of it is expected test a period of time, specifically when work
Between Criterion of Selecting be the temperature of motor can be made to be increased to 1% of stable temperature rise or more, without reaching stable temperature rise, then go
Fall load；In the motor load course of work, environment temperature T is recordedEThe data changed over time are TE(t), motor component temperature
TMThe data changed over time are TM(t), the initial loading moment is t0, laying down load moment is t1；
Step 2: motor is cooling: in t1After moment lays down load, make motor in the condition tested with step 1 equating expections
Lower natural cooling continues to record the data T that environment temperature and motor component temperature change over time during temperature reducesE
(t) and TM(t)；
Step 3: data processing: pass through TE(t) and TM(t) T is obtainedR(t), calculation formula TR(t)=TM(t)-TE(t)；
TRIt (t) is the motor survey that motor short-term operation and the temperature rise of cooling procedure change over time in step 1 and step 2 of actual measurement
Data are measured, restore the data value T ' of temperature rise of the motor under load continuous excitation by following formula in next stepR(t)；
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with the existing technology is:
(1) present invention obtains motor load Persistent Excitation shape with the measurement data under motor load in short-term excitation state indirectly
Temperature rise data under state, temperature rise value when motor temperature rise is motivated lower than load continuous in test process reduce electromotor high-temperature damage
Bad risk.
(2) it only needs in short-term to motivate motor, motor can be in natural cooling state for a long time, and energy can be effectively reduced
Consumption.
(3) calculating process is simple, easily operated, first without using motor model, loss model and system association attributes etc.
Knowledge is tested, without obtaining thermal transfer function and order and design parameter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the motor temperature rise indirectly testing experimental result picture under the conditions of the natural cooling of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 be embodiment 2 it is air-cooled under the conditions of motor temperature rise indirectly testing experimental result picture；
Fig. 3 is the motor overload temperature rise indirectly testing simulation result diagram under the conditions of the natural cooling of embodiment 3；
Fig. 4 is the motor overload temperature rise indirectly testing simulation result diagram under the conditions of the natural cooling of embodiment 4；
Fig. 5 is the motor overload temperature rise indirectly testing simulation result diagram under the conditions of the natural cooling of embodiment 5；
Fig. 6 is the step schematic diagram of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Further description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and however, it is not limited to this,
All to be modified to technical solution of the present invention or equivalent replacement, range without departing from the spirit of the technical scheme of the invention should all
Cover within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment 1: as shown in fig. 6, present embodiment record is a kind of motor temperature rise that short-time load motivates
Equivalent detecting method, specific step is as follows for the method:
Step 1: motor short-term operation: making motor work under conditions of it is expected test a period of time, specifically when work
Between Criterion of Selecting be the temperature of motor can be made to be increased to 1% of stable temperature rise or more, without reaching stable temperature rise, then go
Fall load；The condition of the expectation test refers to the cooling condition and load behavior of motor；The cooling condition refers to air-cooled, water
Cold, hydrogen-cooled or natural cooling etc.；The load behavior refers to the overload of underloading, nominal load or any degree.It is loaded in motor
In the course of work, environment temperature T is recordedEThe data changed over time are TE(t), motor component (such as winding, casing, iron core, end
Lid, bearing) temperature TMThe data changed over time are TM(t), the initial loading moment is t0, laying down load moment is t1；
Step 2: motor is cooling: in t1After moment lays down load, make motor in the condition tested with step 1 equating expections
Lower natural cooling continues to record the data T that environment temperature and motor component temperature change over time during temperature reducesE
(t) and TM(t), the Criterion of Selecting of length cooling time is can obtain corresponding temperature rise by the equivalent temperature rise data measured of this method
Test result (e.g., can determine whether out that stable state temperature rise value has met/do not met by the equivalent temperature rise curve measured of the duration to set
Temperature limit is counted, the motor at most works 20s under given temperature limit, gives under temperature limit and overload time overload quantity most
Greatly 130% etc.)；Cooling time will be different according to the difference of motor and test target, generally 5s~100h；
Step 3: data processing: pass through TE(t) and TM(t) T is obtainedR(t), calculation formula TR(t)=TM(t)-TE(t)；
TRIt (t) is the motor survey that motor short-term operation and the temperature rise of cooling procedure change over time in step 1 and step 2 of actual measurement
Data are measured, restore the data value T ' of temperature rise of the motor under load continuous excitation by following formula in next stepR(t)；
If variation of ambient temperature range is less than the acceptable error range of stable temperature rise, the T when testE(t)
For single measurements TEOr motor component temperature initial value TM(t0), to reduce measurement workload.
Specific embodiment 2: a kind of equivalent test of motor temperature rise of short-time load excitation described in specific embodiment one
Method, in step 1 and step 2, temperature data is measured by temperature sensor.
Specific embodiment 3: a kind of equivalent test of motor temperature rise of short-time load excitation described in specific embodiment one
Method, in step 1 and step 2, temperature data is calculated indirectly by winding resistance.
Embodiment 1:
Carry out motor temperature rise indirectly testing experiment under the conditions of natural cooling.With t0=0 moment, by motor with volume
Determine state to run to t1Then=2700s the moment powers off and removes load, motor is made to be cooled to t under the conditions of natural cooling2.Note
Record t0~t2The temperature value T for the motor component (winding) that moment temperature sensor measuresM(t).Environment is thought in the test process
Temperature is basically unchanged, and is approximately constant value, TE(t)=TM(t0).Calculate the temperature rise data T of motor in the processR(t)=TM(t)-
TE(t)=TM(t)-TM(t0), the data are as shown in figure 1 shown in circles mark curve.Pass through formula (1)
Calculate temperature rise data T 'R(t), as shown in figure 1 shown in triangle marked curve.In addition, being obtained by routine experiment result
Temperature rise curve that motor has been under load continuous excitation state is gone out as shown in figure 1 shown in diamond indicia curve.Comparison we
Indirectly testing value acquired in method and actual experiment test value, it can be seen that worst error between the two is about 3 DEG C, error
Less than maximum temperature rise value 5%, illustrate that excitation temperature rise data show that load continuous motivates temperature rise to the present invention indirectly in short-term using load
The method of data is effective.In practical situations, error source includes measurement error, operating error and actual environment temperature
The variation of degree can reduce error by measurement environment temperature, raising sensor accuracy, reduction operating time.Entirely measuring
In the process, motor maximum temperature is 60 DEG C, is less than 72 DEG C of maximum temperature rise.
Embodiment 2:
Carry out motor temperature rise indirectly testing experiment under the conditions of air-cooled.With t0=0 moment, by motor with nominal load
Run about 2700s, i.e. t1Then=2700s powers off and removes load, motor is made to be cooled to t under the conditions of air-cooled2.Record t0~
t2The temperature value T for the motor component (winding) that moment temperature sensor measuresM(t).Environment temperature base is thought in the test process
This is constant, is approximately constant value, TE(t)=TM(t0).Calculate the temperature rise data T of motor in the processR(t)=TM(t)-TE(t)
=TM(t)-TM(t0), the data are as shown in circles mark curve in Fig. 2.Load continuous, which is calculated, by formula (1) motivates state
Temperature rise data T 'R(t), as shown in Fig. 2 intermediate cam label curve.In addition, having obtained motor negative by routine experiment result
The temperature rise curve under Persistent Excitation state is carried as shown in diamond indicia curve in Fig. 2.Compare indirectly testing acquired in this method
Value and actual experiment test value, it can be seen that worst error between the two is about 1.2 DEG C, illustrates that this method is effective.
Embodiment 3:
The emulating to motor winding temperature rise indirectly testing with 150% load under the conditions of natural cooling, temperature rise heat transmits letter
Several orders is single order.With t0Motor is run about 3s, i.e. t with rated condition by=0 moment1=3s, then powers off and goes
Fall load, motor is made to be cooled to t under the conditions of natural cooling2.Record t0~t2The temperature value T of moment motor component (winding)M
(t).Environment is temperature-resistant in simulation process, i.e. TE(t)=TM(t0).Calculate the temperature rise data T of motor in the processR(t)=
TM(t)-TE(t)=TM(t)-TM(t0), the data are as shown in circles mark curve in Fig. 3.Load is calculated by formula (1) to hold
The temperature rise data T ' of continuous excitation stateR(t), as shown in Fig. 3 intermediate cam label curve.In addition, being obtained by routine experiment result
Motor is in the temperature rise curve of continuous loading excitation as shown in diamond indicia curve in Fig. 3.Between comparing acquired in this method
Connect test value and actual experiment test value, it can be seen that in the case where measurement error and operating error is not present, the two is basic
It is overlapped, this method is effective.Motor load actuation duration 3s during the test, maximum temperature rise are no more than 40 DEG C, pass through this method
Accurately obtain motor load Persistent Excitation 30s, temperature rise data at 100 DEG C of temperature rise can effectively avoid the risk that motor is burnt, subtract
Few energy consumption.
Embodiment 4:
The emulating to motor winding temperature rise indirectly testing with 150% load under the conditions of natural cooling, temperature rise heat transmits letter
Several orders is three ranks.With t0Motor is run about 3s, i.e. t with rated condition by=0 moment1=3s, then powers off and goes
Fall load, motor is made to be cooled to t under the conditions of natural cooling2.Record t0~t2The temperature value T of moment motor component (winding)M
(t).Environment is temperature-resistant in simulation process, i.e. TE(t)=TM(t0).Calculate the temperature rise data T of motor in the processR(t)=
TM(t)-TE(t)=TM(t)-TM(t0), the data are as shown in circles mark curve in Fig. 4.Load is calculated by formula (1) to hold
The temperature rise data T ' of continuous excitation stateR(t), as shown in Fig. 4 intermediate cam label curve.In addition, being obtained by routine experiment result
Motor is in the temperature rise curve under load continuous excitation as shown in diamond indicia curve in Fig. 4.It compares acquired in this method
Indirectly testing value and actual experiment test value, it can be seen that in the case where measurement error and operating error is not present, the two base
This coincidence, this method are effective.Motor load actuation duration 3s during the test, maximum temperature rise are no more than 10 DEG C, pass through we
Method accurately obtains motor load Persistent Excitation 30s, and temperature rise data at 100 DEG C of temperature rise can effectively avoid the risk that motor is burnt,
Reduce energy consumption.Method calculating process is simple, easily operated, to thermal transfer function be three ranks system also can accurate reproduction go out temperature rise
Value, further explains this method without using the order of motor model, loss model and thermal transfer function and parameter etc.
The advantages of priori knowledge of system property.
Embodiment 5:
The emulating to motor winding temperature rise indirectly testing with 150% load under the conditions of natural cooling, temperature rise heat transmits letter
Several orders is single order.With t0Motor is run about 0.05s, i.e. t with 150% load condition by=0 moment1=0.05s, so
After power off and remove load, so that motor is cooled to t under the conditions of natural cooling2.Record t0~t2Moment motor component (winding)
Temperature value TM(t).Environment is temperature-resistant in simulation process, i.e. TE(t)=TM(t0).Calculate the temperature rise number of motor in the process
According to TR(t)=TM(t)-TE(t)=TM(t)-TM(t0), the data are as shown in circles mark curve in Fig. 5.It is counted by formula (1)
Calculate the temperature rise data T ' of load continuous excitation stateR(t), as shown in Fig. 5 intermediate cam label curve.In addition, passing through experiment knot
Fruit obtained motor be in load continuous excitation under temperature rise curve as shown in diamond indicia curve in Fig. 5.Compare this method institute
The indirectly testing value and actual experiment test value of acquisition, it can be seen that in the case where measurement error and operating error is not present,
The two is overlapped, and this method is effective.The motor load actuation duration 0.05s in this method test process, leads to by 0.83 DEG C of maximum temperature rise
It crosses this method and accurately obtains motor load Persistent Excitation 30s, temperature rise data at 100 DEG C of temperature rise.In this method test process most
Big temperature is the 1% of stable temperature rise value, can effectively avoid the risk that motor is burnt, and reduces energy consumption.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation, it is characterised in that: specific step is as follows for the method:
Step 1: motor short-term operation: making motor work under conditions of it is expected test a period of time, specific working time choosing
Taking criterion is that the temperature of motor can be made to be increased to 1% of stable temperature rise or more, without reaching stable temperature rise, is then removed negative
It carries；In the motor load course of work, environment temperature T is recordedEThe data changed over time are TE(t), motor component temperature TMWith
The data of time change are TM(t), the initial loading moment is t0, laying down load moment is t1；
Step 2: motor is cooling: in t1After moment lays down load, make motor with step 1 equating expections test under conditions of from
It is so cooling, continue to record the data T that environment temperature and motor component temperature change over time during temperature reducesE(t) and TM
(t)；
Step 3: data processing: pass through TE(t) and TM(t) T is obtainedR(t), calculation formula TR(t)=TM(t)-TE(t)；TR(t)
For the motor measurement number that motor short-term operation and the temperature rise of cooling procedure change over time in step 1 and step 2 of actual measurement
According to, in next step by following formula restore motor load continuous excitation under temperature rise data value TR′(t)；
2. a kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Rapid one and step 2 in, temperature data is measured by temperature sensor.
3. a kind of motor temperature rise equivalent detecting method of short-time load excitation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Rapid one and step 2 in, temperature data is calculated indirectly by winding resistance.
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