CN108018457A - Copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance - Google Patents
Copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108018457A CN108018457A CN201711387284.4A CN201711387284A CN108018457A CN 108018457 A CN108018457 A CN 108018457A CN 201711387284 A CN201711387284 A CN 201711387284A CN 108018457 A CN108018457 A CN 108018457A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance.By weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：Nb:1.2‑1.6wt.%,Sr:0.6‑1.4wt.%,Ca:0.3‑0.8wt.%,Mo:0.5‑0.6wt.%,In:0.8‑1.5wt.%,Pr:0.2‑0.3wt.%,Th:0.2 0.3wt.%, B:0.4 0.6wt.%, surplus are copper.Relative to traditional copper alloy, which has excellent casting character and resistance to elevated temperatures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, is related to an Albatra metal.
Background technology
Copper and copper alloy are due to a series of excellent performance:Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity are high, corrosion resistance is strong, processing
Processability is good, moderate strength etc., is had been widely used in each department of national economy, becomes and be only second to steel, aluminium
The third-largest metal.With other metal phase ratios, copper and copper alloy to be mainly characterized by conductive and thermal conductivity good, in air, seawater
It is good with corrosion stability in many media, and have high intensity, corrosion resistance and excellent plasticity, suitable for various plastic workings and casting
Method produces various products, is easy to pressure processing into the various semi-finished product such as line, rod, plate, band, pipe and part.Since excellent is led
Heat, electric conductivity, copper widely Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics and daily sphere of life be used as various leader cables, electric switch,
The conduction heat exchange equipment such as equipment and condenser, radiator, heat exchanger, crystallizer such as tab terminal.It is space flight and aviation, energy
The indispensable critical material of the industrial departments such as source, shipbuilding, petrochemical industry, ocean engineering and machine-building.
There occurs significant change for performance after suitable niobium and strontium are added in copper alloy.Copper-niobium alloys are used to manufacture in high temperature
The spring of lower work, such a spring still keep good elasticity and toughness under red heat state, can compress more than several hundred million times.Copper
Niobium can make electronic connector contact, switch contact, key components and parts such as membranous disc, diaphragm, bellows, spring washer, micro- electricity
Electromechanical brush and commutator, electrical connectors, clock and watch part, audio components etc., be widely used in instrument, instrument, computer, automobile,
In the industry such as household electrical appliances.Copper niobium is easy to weld and is brazed, the high corrosion resistance in air, fresh water and seawater, and it is deep to be used to manufacture
Extra large detector and submarine cable.Copper niobium have one it is very valuable the characteristics of, be exactly subject to hit when will not produce spark.This
A feature is most important to making military project, oil, the dedicated instrument in mine.
People constantly pursue cost of alloy, the best of breed of material property and processing performance will come meet increasingly to be lifted
Ask.At present, multi-faceted wound Cu alloy material has been carried out by the effort of decades in developed countries such as America and Europe, Japan
Newly.The required high-end copper alloy in China is also more from the import of the developed country such as Germany, Sweden.Oneself the external new copper through exploitation is closed
The mechanics and other performance of golden material can't be satisfactory, it is impossible to fully meet the requirement of modern industry.It is special that exploitation possesses
Performance copper alloy has two methods, and one kind is to add alloying element to strengthen matrix by solution strengthening, and another kind is by adding
Enter second-phase strength and mutually form Cu-base composites.Niobium and strontium are added in copper alloy as alloy element can greatly improve copper
The elastic performance and casting character of alloy.Since niobium and strontium have the characteristics that chemical property is active, easy firing in atmosphere,
Directly added in the fusion process of copper and copper alloy extremely difficult, burn out rate is too big, this is that limitation niobium and strontium are closed in copper and copper
One of in gold an important factor for extensive use.
Containing niobium and the characteristics of maximum strontium copper alloy it is in smelting process because niobium and strontium in alloy melt easily aoxidize
Burning, generates loose oxide-film and nitride film.This unsound bath surface compound film cannot prevent oxygen and nitrogen
Diffusion to bath surface, result in continuous oxidation and consumption of the copper alloy melt in fusion process.Therefore, at present containing niobium
Alloy preparation is generally carried out using the method for argon gas protection in smelting with strontium copper alloy.And smelting temperature is left at 1200 degree
It is right.At such high temperatures, niobium and strontium cause to volatilize in smelting process excessive since vapour pressure is excessive, are remained in final alloy
Remaining niobium and content of strontium is too low.In general, the method melting protected using argon gas contains niobium and strontium copper alloy, final niobium and strontium
Recovery rate there was only 10-30wt.% or so.And this method to some extent there is casting be also easy to produce flux be mingled with, equipment it is multiple
The shortcomings of miscellaneous and production cost is high.Therefore it is restricted the development containing niobium and strontium copper alloy, exploitation and application.It is being badly in need of greatly
Scale is using the industry containing niobium and strontium copper alloy and national defence, and always there is existing yield is few, technique is cumbersome, cost height etc.
It is badly in need of the present situation overcome.
Seeking more preferable smelting process becomes containing one of key issue in niobium and the application study of strontium copper alloy and industrialization.
Being reached by the method for alloying prevents the oxidation containing niobium and strontium copper alloy melt in smelting process, is to solve to contain niobium and strontium copper
One of developing direction of alloy smelting problem.Alloying ignition-proof and prevent that the mechanism that niobium and strontium volatilize in fusion process from being to close
Alloying element is added in gold to influence the thermodynamics and dynamics process of alloy oxidation.Being formed in alloy surface has protective effect
Dense oxidation film and nitride film, achieve the purpose that prevent alloy vigorous oxidation.Compared with argon gas is protected, alloying ignition-proof can be with
Eliminate flux to be mingled with, reduce the pollution to air.But as a kind of structural material, only have during melting it is fire-retardant with prevent
Niobium and the strontium volatile performance in fusion process far can not be met the requirements, it is often more important that finally be produced containing niobium and strontium copper alloy
Product will also possess gratifying mechanical strength at the same time, and the mechanical property that can at least reach common copper alloy is horizontal.Thus such as
What balances the content of various alloying elements in the alloy, prepares fire-retardant under atmospheric environment and prevents niobium and strontium in fusion process
The copper alloy of middle volatilization, and possess excellent mechanical property, it is a urgent problem to be solved currently containing niobium and strontium copper alloy.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can be under 1200-1300 degree atmospheric conditions
Carry out the copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance of melting.It is and final in the alloy of this temperature range melting
Product has the mechanical property of existing copper alloy, excellent casting character and mechanical behavior under high temperature.This method, which also has, to be produced into
This is low, the characteristics of easy to mass produce.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance with the melting between 1200-1300 degree.Press
Percentage by weight meter, the composition of alloy are：Nb: 1.2-1.6wt.%, Sr:0.6-1.4wt.%,Ca:0.3-0.8wt.%,Mo:
0.5-0.6wt.%,In:0.8-1.5wt.%,Pr:0.2-0.3wt.%,Th:0.2-0.3wt.%, B:0.4-0.6wt.%, surplus are
Copper.The weight that the copper-niobium alloys lose in fusion process because of the reason such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 1.0-3.0wt.% or so.
The preparation method of above-mentioned copper-niobium alloys, includes the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added under atmosphere protection
Electric induction furnace in, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1200-1300 degree, and is stirred using electromagnetism
Effect is mixed to be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.In the insulation of 1200-1300 degree alloy liquid is cast to heat top same level for 10 minutes to set
Standby interior carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 10-12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.The ingot casting can be used for follow-up work as cast raw material
The compression casting of sequence prepares the copper-alloy casting of complicated shape；The last heat treatment step of these casting is：At vacuum solid solution
Reason 650 degree, 4.5 it is small when；Vacuum aging handle 240 degree, 2.1 it is small when.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）Patent of the present invention is directed to the present situation that copper-niobium alloys need to carry out atmosphere protection melting in melting under current high temperature and carries
A kind of novel protection solution is supplied.By the main and secondary addition element in preferred alloy, so as to effectively prevent
Under melting state copper-niobium alloys occur burning and excessive Evaporation Phenomenon into., not only can be big by preferable alloying method
Big the shortcomings that reducing alloying element usage amount, extraordinary flame retardant effect and yield of alloy can also be obtained.
（2）During alloy melting, melt has static (insulation of melt and standing) and dynamic（The stirring of melt）Two kinds of shapes
Formula.The copper-niobium alloys that this patent proposes have extremely excellent fire resistance in the quiescent state, can reach in 1200-1300 temperature
In the range of 5 hours are stood under atmospheric environment without obvious burning.Carried out in dynamic process, such as to liquid alloy
During the melt treatments such as stirring, air blowing, after its skin covering of the surface is because being vigorously stirred destroyed, rapid regeneration is remained to, is successfully hindered
The burning of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxide-film and nitride film have extraordinary plasticity and viscosity, can intactly sprawl and
Alloy surface is covered, is effectively stopped in air intrusion aluminium alloy.And the copper-niobium alloys because of volatilization and are formed in fusion process
The reasons such as clinker and the weight lost is less than 3.0wt.% or so.
（3）The copper-niobium alloys are refined crystal grain after calcium is added.Smelting processing method is simple, and production cost compares
It is low, reduce to equipment requirement.Alloy has low liquid-solid phase solidification temperature range, and hot cracking tendency is big when can solve to cast,
Cast the technical barriers such as empty and loose obvious product yield rate is low.
（4）The copper-niobium alloys processing performance is very excellent, and cutting speed can be 3-5 times of cast iron, and cutter life obtains
Extend, and there is good fluidity, the advantages that filling performance is favourable, shrinkage cavity formability is small, and molten metal is inspiratory small.It can make
The thin-section casting of high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness is produced, die casting wall thickness can reach the casting that minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is 1mm, can
Cast out the aperture of a diameter of 0.3mm or so.
（5）The copper-niobium alloys have excellent mechanical property after timeliness.Elasticity modulus：130-140GPa；Yield strength：
900-1030MPa；Tensile strength：1100-1200MPa；Elongation percentage：4-10%.In 600-700 degree or so, tensile strength is at 20 points
Clock interior energy maintains 700-760MPa or so（Traditional material is 200-250MPa）.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of 1240 degree of meltings have the copper-niobium alloys of excellent die casting performance.By weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：
Nb:1.4wt.%,Sr: 0.8wt.%,Ca:0.5wt.%,Mo:0.5wt.%,In:0.9wt.%,Pr:0.2wt.%,Th:
0.2wt.%, B:0.5wt.%, surplus are copper.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added under atmospheric environment
In electric induction furnace, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1240 degree, and abundant using galvanomagnetic-effect
Stirring 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in the same level equipment of heat top for 10 minutes in 1240 degree of insulations and carries out semicontinuous casting
Make, it is 10m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.The ingot casting can be prepared again as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling
The copper-alloy casting of miscellaneous shape.The last heat treatment step of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution handle 650 degree, 4.5 it is small when；Vacuum
240 degree of ageing treatment, 2.1 it is small when.The alloy in 1240 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 2.1wt.% or so.The copper-niobium alloys have excellent mechanical property after timeliness.Elasticity modulus：135GPa；Surrender
Intensity：942MPa；Tensile strength：1183MPa；Elongation percentage：4.6%.In 600-700 degree or so, tensile strength energy in 20 minutes
Maintain 725MPa or so（Traditional material is 200-250MPa）.
Embodiment 2
A kind of 1250 degree of meltings have the copper-niobium alloys of excellent die casting performance.By weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：
Nb:1.4wt.%,Sr: 0.9wt.%,Ca:0.5wt.%,Mo:0.5wt.%,In:0.9wt.%,Pr:0.2wt.%,Th:
0.2wt.%, B:0.4wt.%, surplus are copper.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added under atmospheric environment
In electric induction furnace, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1250 degree, and abundant using galvanomagnetic-effect
Stirring 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in the same level equipment of heat top for 10 minutes in 1250 degree of insulations and carries out semicontinuous casting
Make, it is 12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.The ingot casting can be prepared again as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling
The copper-alloy casting of miscellaneous shape.The last heat treatment step of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution handle 650 degree, 4.5 it is small when；Vacuum
240 degree of ageing treatment, 2.1 it is small when.The alloy in 1250 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 2.6wt.% or so.The copper-niobium alloys have excellent mechanical property after timeliness.Elasticity modulus：136GPa；Surrender
Intensity：985MPa；Tensile strength：1142MPa；Elongation percentage：6.3%.In 600-700 degree or so, tensile strength energy in 20 minutes
Maintain 725MPa or so（Traditional material is 200-250MPa）.
Embodiment 3
A kind of 1270 degree of meltings have the copper-niobium alloys of excellent die casting performance.By weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：
Nb:1.5wt.%,Sr: 1.2wt.%,Ca:0.6wt.%,Mo:0.5wt.%,In:1.4wt.%,Pr:0.2wt.%,Th:
0.2wt.%, B:0.5wt.%, surplus are copper.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added under atmospheric environment
In electric induction furnace, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1270 degree, and abundant using galvanomagnetic-effect
Stirring 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in the same level equipment of heat top for 10 minutes in 1270 degree of insulations and carries out semicontinuous casting
Make, it is 12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.The ingot casting can be prepared again as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling
The copper-alloy casting of miscellaneous shape.The last heat treatment step of these casting is：Vacuum solid solution handle 650 degree, 4.5 it is small when；Vacuum
240 degree of ageing treatment, 2.1 it is small when.The alloy in 1270 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 2.3wt.% or so.The copper-niobium alloys have excellent mechanical property after timeliness.Elasticity modulus：138GPa；Surrender
Intensity：942MPa；Tensile strength：1185MPa；Elongation percentage：6.2%.In 600-700 degree or so, tensile strength energy in 20 minutes
Maintain 752MPa or so（Traditional material is 200-250MPa）.
Claims (3)
1. the copper-niobium alloys with excellent die casting performance, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：
Nb:1.2-1.6wt.%,Sr:0.6-1.4wt.%,Ca:0.3-0.8wt.%,Mo:0.5-0.6wt.%,In:0.8-1.5wt.%,
Pr:0.2-0.3wt.%,Th:0.2-0.3wt.%, B:0.4-0.6wt.%, surplus are copper.
2. there are the copper-niobium alloys of excellent die casting performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method bag of alloy
Containing following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible；Sensing
1200-1300 degree is heated to, forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect；Alloy liquid is existed
1200-1300 degree keeps the temperature 10 minutes and is poured onto progress semi-continuous casting in the same level equipment of heat top, and it is 10-12m/ that ingot casting, which moves down speed,
min。
3. there are the copper-niobium alloys of excellent die casting performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following procedure of processing：
The ingot casting can prepare the copper-alloy casting of complicated shape as cast raw material for the compression casting of subsequent handling；These castings
The last heat treatment step of part is：Vacuum solid solution handle 650 degree, 4.5 it is small when；Vacuum aging handle 240 degree, 2.1 it is small when.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711387284.4A CN108018457A (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711387284.4A CN108018457A (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108018457A true CN108018457A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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ID=62074323
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711387284.4A Withdrawn CN108018457A (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Copper-niobium alloys and its processing technology with excellent die casting performance |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN108018457A (en) |
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- 2017-12-20 CN CN201711387284.4A patent/CN108018457A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20180511 |