CN108018280A - A kind of construction method of microorganism slow-released carrier - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of microorganism slow-released carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN108018280A CN108018280A CN201711262348.8A CN201711262348A CN108018280A CN 108018280 A CN108018280 A CN 108018280A CN 201711262348 A CN201711262348 A CN 201711262348A CN 108018280 A CN108018280 A CN 108018280A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/10—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a carbohydrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction method of microorganism slow-released carrier, belong to ecological engineering and field of environment engineering.The present invention provides a kind of microorganism occlusion vehicle that simultaneously can be slowly discharged suitable for river water body, the carrier contains 10 50g/L of activated carbon, 5 50g/L of chitosan, 10 50g/L of sodium alginate, using the carrier immobilized microorganism, the carrier hardness and intensity for reaching industrialized production can be prepared.And for burst size up to more than 85%, bacterium survival rate is 6.5% to the bio-microcapsule prepared, and 10 are reached for after strain number empirical tests effectively living in 30 days8Cfu/g, can reach the ammonia nitrogen in sewage 80% removal rate and to zero environmental.Of low cost and carrier material is easy to get in the present invention, technique is simple, easily prepared, and economic benefit is huge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method of microorganism slow-released carrier, belong to ecological engineering and field of environment engineering.
Background technology
Ammonia nitrogen is the essential environmental factors for causing water nutrition, in order to reduce the harm that ammonia and nitrogen pollution is brought, is generally adopted
Water quality is controlled with the method for microorganism.Although traditional microbial method has its uniqueness compared with other physical chemistry processing methods
Superiority, but due in traditional micro-organism treatment process, microorganism be typically in water with suspended state growth,
Thus there are degradation bacteria valid density in system is low, reaction startup is slow, thalline is easy to run off and environmental competitiveness is weak, resists poisonous dirt
Dye can force difference and the shortcomings of to waste water quality water bad adaptability.And microorganism is had a great influence by external environment, resist bad
Environmental impact energy force difference, once system damage is difficult to recover, therefore treatment effect is unstable；And immobilized microorganism technique is not only
Be conducive to the fixation of dominant bacteria, improve the degradation efficiency of hardly degraded organic substance, moreover it is possible to high concentration is maintained in antimicrobial device
Biomass, be easy to separation of solid and liquid, there is certain superiority.
It is many currently used for preparing process for immobilizing enzyme/microbe, mainly there are absorption method, covalent coupling method, glue connection method, bag
Bury method etc..Complete microbial immobilization, it is important to select a kind of suitable bio-carrier, this carrier should have as follows
Feature：1) there is stable reticulated void structure, in certain pH value with a temperature of, it is not easy to destroyed；2) fixation can be controlled
Change the size and porosity of microbe granular；3) process for fixation is simple, easy, and fixing condition is as gentle as possible；4) carrier
Used material is cheap and easy to get, and immobilization cost is low；5) in biochemical reactor during long time running, immobilization system
With good mechanical stability and chemical stability；6) carrier is inert for microorganism, will not damaging cells；7) it is solid
Surely changing system enables substrate, product and other metabolite free diffusings；8) the immobilization system of unit volume, which possesses, to the greatest extent may be used
Microorganism more than energy, preferably to play biocatalysis.
Although there is many scientific achievements for being related to carrier at present, these achievements are having relatively good commercial Application effect
While fruit, there is also it is certain the problem of, such as the carrier being granulated at present by calcining, cost is excessive, it is difficult to realizes industry
Change application, and simultaneously because pass through the carrier of calcining, its rigidity is bigger, not readily dissolves, it is difficult to reaches stable micro- life
Thing slow release effect.Such as the PVA carriers that current application range is wide, itself there is good plasticity, and have excellent
Microorganism embeds effect and slow release effect, but material but easily pollutes environment in itself.For example same application is more wide at present again
The general carrier being prepared by materials such as concave convex rod and sodium alginates, water content itself is excessive, can only be with fluid preservation
Mode is stored, and storage and transport cost is excessive, is equally difficult to realize industrialize.
The content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind and is suitable for river water body, and the microorganism embedding that can slowly discharge
Carrier, the carrier contain activated carbon 10-50g/L, chitosan 5-50g/L, sodium alginate 10-50g/L, the mass ratio of three
Scope control is 8：3-4：8.
In one embodiment of the invention, the carrier also contains plastotype agent, and the plastotype agent is CaCl2, quality
Concentration is 1-50g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the carrier also contains crosslinking agent, and the crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde, quality
Concentration is 1-50%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microbial fixed carrier also contains at least one in Fe, Cu, Zn
The microorganism growth factor solution of metal ion species.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bio-microcapsule, and the microcapsules are with the microorganism occlusion vehicle
For carrier, containing ammonia oxidation bacteria, for burst size up to more than 85%, cell concentration maintains 20g/L to the bio-microcapsule in 30 days.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microcapsules are using the microorganism occlusion vehicle as carrier immobilized ammonia
Oxidation bacteria microorganism, the ammonia oxidation bacteria are embedded in the form of bacterium powder, the mass percent of thalline in the bio-microcapsule after embedding
For 80%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bio-microcapsule is with activated carbon 10-50g/L, chitosan 5-50g/
L, sodium alginate 10-50g/L are carrier components, and the mass ratio range of three is controlled 8：3-4：8.
Third object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the bio-microcapsule, includes the following steps that (1) is prepared
Mass concentration is the plastotype agent CaCl of 1-50g/L2Solution；(2) activated carbon 10-50g/L, chitosan 5-50g/L, sodium alginate are pressed
The final concentration of 10-50g/L fully stirs evenly；(3) thalline of dry weight 50g is directly added into the microbial fixed carrier,
Thalline quantity is 4 × 1011CFU/g, obtains microorganism coagulant liquid；(4) the microorganism coagulant liquid for obtaining step (3) is with (15-
25) drop/minute speed is added in the plastotype agent that step (1) obtains, and forms microbial activity particle；(5) step (4) is obtained
Microbial activity particle 5% glutaraldehyde solution in (3) by volume 1:50 are crosslinked 24h at room temperature；(6) by step
(5) the microbial activity particle sterile water immersion 48h obtained is post-processed, after clean residual liquor, and Multiplying culture obtains biology
Microcapsules.
In one embodiment of the invention, the raw material of fixation support is sodium alginate in the step (2)
40g/L, chitosan 15g/L, activated carbon 40g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, dry weight is accessed in the microbial immobilized solution of 1L that step (2) obtains
The thalline for being in exponential phase of 50g, at the same add by volume 5% microorganism growth factor solution be sufficiently stirred
It is even.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microorganism growth factor solution contains：At least one in Fe, Cu, Zn
Metal ion species and beef extract, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step (4) with the speed of 15~25 drops/minute by step
(3) the microorganism coagulant liquid obtained is added in the plastotype agent that step (1) obtains, with the magnetic stirrer of 220rpm rotating speeds
24h forms active particle.
In one embodiment of the invention, after the active particle obtained in step (5) is stood at room temperature, then with nothing
Bacterium water soaks 48h, and after rinsing net residual liquor, Multiplying culture, that is, obtain immobilized microorganism product.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide application of the bio-microcapsule in water body processing.
In one embodiment of the invention, the application is：The ammonia nitrogen in water body is handled, makes the ammonia nitrogen in waste water dense
Degree obtains a degree of reduction.
Beneficial effect：The innovative point of the present invention is to have used environmentally friendly section bar material completely, can prepare and reach work
The carrier hardness and intensity of industry metaplasia production.And bio-microcapsule burst size in 30 days is up to more than 85%, bacterium survival rate
6.5%, effectively 10 are reached for after work strain number empirical tests8Cfu/g, the ammonia nitrogen in sewage can be reached 80% removal rate and
To zero environmental.Of low cost and carrier material is easy to get in the present invention, technique is simple, easily prepared, and economic benefit is huge.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the carrier figure that embodiment 9 is built.
Embodiment
The preparation method of microcapsules：(1) the plastotype agent CaCl that 1L mass concentrations are 1-50g/L is prepared2Solution；(2) by work
Property charcoal 10-50g/L, the final concentration of chitosan 5-50g/L, sodium alginate 10-50g/L fully stirs evenly, and obtains microbial immobilized
Carrier solution；(3) thalline of dry weight 50g is directly added into microbial fixed carrier prepared by step (2), obtains microorganism
Coagulant liquid；(4) the microorganism coagulant liquid for obtaining step (3) is added to what step (1) obtained with (15-25) drop/minute speed
In plastotype agent, microbial activity particle is formed；(5) by 5% penta 2 of the microbial activity particle that step (4) obtains in (3)
Aldehyde solution by volume 1:50 are crosslinked 24h at room temperature；(6) by the microbial activity particle that step (5) obtains with sterile water logging
After steeping 48h post processings, clean residual liquor, Multiplying culture obtains bio-microcapsule.
The evaluation method of mechanical strength：The tension load of carrier or pressure load are continuously increased to sample fracture.Will be disconnected
The cross-sectional area of load divided by carrier when splitting can draw tensile strength or compression strength.
Microbial bacterial agent in embodiment is that (thalline quantity is 4 × 10 to ammonia oxidation bacteria11CFU/g), it is mutual by buying Hebei
The microbial inoculum of raw fertilizer Science and Technology Ltd. obtains.
Embodiment 1：
Using formula (by final concentration)：By the sodium alginate of 50g/L, the activated carbon of 20g/L, the microorganism of 50g/L
Microbial inoculum, instills in the calcium chloride solution of final concentration of 50g/L under conditions of 6,40 DEG C of pH.Prepared carrier can be preliminary
Possess the pattern of carrier, but its own mechanical intensity 6.67N/cm is obtained according to the evaluation method of mechanical strength2, it is extensive to prepare
The weight of itself can not be supported during commercialization.
Embodiment 2：
Using formula (by final concentration)：8g/L chitosans, 5g/L calcium chloride, 10g/L activated carbons, micro- life of 50g/L
Thing microbial inoculum, instilled under conditions of pH 3.5, room temperature 3% mass fraction NaOH (3g sodium hydroxides add 100mL water in) and
In solution of the ethyl acetate by 20 to 1 mixing.Prepared carrier can tentatively possess the pattern of carrier, but according to mechanical strong
The evaluation method of degree obtains its own mechanical intensity 8.61N/cm2, easily collapse.
Embodiment 3：
Using formula (by final concentration)：8g/L chitosans, 5g/L calcium chloride, 2g/L celluloses, the microorganism of 50g/L
Microbial inoculum, instills the NaOH (3g sodium hydroxides are added in 100mL water) and second of 3% mass fraction under conditions of pH 3.5, room temperature
In solution of the acetoacetic ester by 20 to 1 mixing.Prepared carrier can tentatively possess the pattern of carrier, but according to mechanical strength
Evaluation method obtain its own mechanical 10.41N/cm2, easily collapse.
Embodiment 4：
Using formula (by final concentration)：20g/L chitosans, 5g/L calcium chloride, 6g/L degradation plastics, 50g/L's
Microbial bacterial agent, instills NaOH (the 3g sodium hydroxides addition 100mL water of 3% mass fraction under conditions of pH 3.5, room temperature
In) and ethyl acetate by 20 to 1 mixing solution in.Prepared carrier can tentatively possess the pattern of carrier, but basis
The evaluation method of mechanical strength obtains its own mechanical 7.76N/cm2, easily collapse.
Embodiment 5：
Using formula (by final concentration)：Chitosan 20g/L, calcium chloride 5g/L, the microorganism of stalk 50g/L, 50g/L
Microbial inoculum, enters the NaOH (3g sodium hydroxides are added in 100mL water) and acetic acid second of 3% mass fraction under conditions of pH 7, room temperature
In solution of the ester by 20 to 1 mixing.Prepared carrier can tentatively possess the pattern of carrier, but commenting according to mechanical strength
Valency method obtains its own mechanical intensity 9.90N/cm2, easily collapse.
Embodiment 6：
Using formula (by final concentration)：Chitosan 5g/L, activated carbon 10g/L, sea are added to 3.5 acetums of pH
Mosanom 20g/L, microbial bacterial agent 50g/L, fully stirs evenly, and solution will be adjusted to pH 7 using NaOH solution, in the bar of room temperature
Instilled under part in the calcium chloride solution of 50g/L.Prepared carrier obtains machine after air-drying according to the evaluation method of mechanical strength
Tool intensity 36.32N/cm2Preferably, autolyzed to meet the requirements, elasticity is preferably.Tested by carrier property, through the carrier to micro- life
After thing microbial inoculum is embedded, bacterium survival rate is 6.5%, and 10 are reached for after strain number empirical tests effectively living8Cfu/g, through river mould
Intend impact 30 days, carrier surplus 21%.And the bio-microcapsule in 30 days burst size up to more than 65%.
Embodiment 7：
Chitosan content is optimized
Using formula (by final concentration)：To 3.5 acetums of pH add chitosan concentration be respectively 5,10,15,
20g/L, activated carbon 10g/L, sodium alginate 20g/L, microbial bacterial agent 50g/L, fully stirs evenly, and will be adjusted using NaOH solution molten
Liquid is instilled in the calcium chloride solution of 50g/L to pH 7 under conditions of room temperature.Prepared carrier finds 15g/L after air-drying
Chitosan made of carrier effect it is best, mechanical strength 40.61N/cm is obtained according to the evaluation method of mechanical strength2Most, certainly
Dissolubility meets the requirements, and elasticity is preferably.Tested by carrier property, after the carrier embeds microbial bacterial agent, bacterium survival
Rate is 10.3%, and 10 are reached for after strain number empirical tests effectively living8Cfu/g, through river simulation impact 30 days, carrier surplus
26.7%.And the bio-microcapsule in 30 days burst size up to more than 77%.
Embodiment 8：
Activated carbon content is optimized
Using formula (by final concentration)：Chitosan 15g/L, concentration of activated carbon difference are added to 3.5 acetums of pH
For 10,20,30,40,50g/L, sodium alginate 20g/L, microbial bacterial agent 50g/L, fully stirs evenly, and will be adjusted using NaOH solution
Solution is instilled in the calcium chloride solution of 50g/L to pH 7 under conditions of room temperature.Prepared carrier is found after air-drying
Carrier effect made of the activated carbon of 40g/L is best, and mechanical strength 48.23N/cm is obtained according to the evaluation method of mechanical strength2,
Autolyzed to meet the requirements, elasticity is preferably.Tested by carrier property, after the carrier embeds microbial bacterial agent, bacterium is deposited
Motility rate is 15.7%, and 10 are reached for after strain number empirical tests effectively living8Cfu/g, through river simulation impact 30 days, carrier surplus
18.3%.And the bio-microcapsule in 30 days burst size up to more than 82%.
Embodiment 9：
Sodium alginate content is optimized：
Using with direction (by final concentration)：3.5 acetums of pH add chitosan 15g/L, activated carbon 40g/L, micro-
Bacteria agent 50g/L, sodium alginate additive amount is respectively 20,30,40,50g/L, fully stir evenly, will be adjusted using NaOH solution
Solution is instilled in the calcium chloride solution of 50g/L to pH 7 under conditions of room temperature.Prepared carrier is after air-drying, as a result such as
Shown in Fig. 1, its mechanical strength of carrier is larger, and density is equal with water, and the alginic acid for the discovery 40g/L that suspends can be realized in water body
Carrier effect is best made of sodium, and mechanical strength 47.33N/cm is obtained according to the evaluation method of mechanical strength2Preferably, it is autolyzed
Meet the requirements, elasticity is preferably.Tested by carrier property, after the carrier embeds microbial bacterial agent, bacterium survival rate is
19.5%, effectively 10 are reached for after work strain number empirical tests8Cfu/g, through river simulation impact 30 days, carrier surplus 41%.
And the bio-microcapsule in 30 days burst size up to more than 85%.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this skill
The people of art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can do various change and modification, therefore the protection model of the present invention
Enclosing be subject to what claims were defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microorganism occlusion vehicle, it is characterised in that contain activated carbon 10-50g/L, chitosan 5-50g/L, sodium alginate
10-50g/L, the mass ratio range of three are controlled 8：3-4：8.
2. microorganism occlusion vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also containing plastotype agent.
3. microorganism occlusion vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the plastotype agent is CaCl2, mass concentration
For 1-50g/L.
4. microorganism occlusion vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also contain crosslinking agent, the crosslinking agent is
Glutaraldehyde, mass concentration 1-50%.
A kind of 5. bio-microcapsule, it is characterised in that using any microorganism occlusion vehicles of claim 1-4 as carrier,
Imbedded microbe.
6. bio-microcapsule according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the microorganism is ammonia oxidation bacteria.
7. bio-microcapsule according to claim 5, it is characterised in that ammonia oxidation bacteria matter shared in microcapsules
It is 50~80% to measure percentage.
8. a kind of method for preparing bio-microcapsule described in claim 5, its feature is for fear of including the following steps that (1) prepares modeling
Type agent solution；(2) final concentration of 10-50g/L activated carbons, 5-50g/L chitosans, 10-50g/L sodium alginates are mixed and stirred evenly；
(3) the ammonia oxidation bacteria thalline of 30~50g of dry weight is added into the mixed liquor of step (2), obtains microorganism coagulant liquid；(4) will step
Suddenly the microorganism coagulant liquid that (3) obtain forms microbial activity particle to be added dropwise in the plastotype agent that step (1) obtains；(5) will
The glutaraldehyde solution of microbial activity particle that step (4) obtains and concentration 5% by volume 1:50 at room temperature crosslinking 20~
26h；(6) the microbial activity particle that step (5) obtains soaked, cleaned, Multiplying culture obtains bio-microcapsule.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, with the speed of 15~25 drops/minute by step in step (4)
(3) the microorganism coagulant liquid obtained is added in the plastotype agent that step (1) obtains, and uses magnetic stirrer；The plastotype agent
For CaCl2Solution.
10. application of any bio-microcapsule of claim 5~7 in water body processing.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109022410A (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2018-12-18 | 安信达环保科技（宁波）有限公司 | A kind of efficient COD degradation bacterium sustained release agent, and its preparation method and application |
| CN109055347A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 成都信息工程大学 | Immobilized microorganism and preparation method thereof and removal waste water in nitrogen phosphorus application |
| CN109231431A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | A kind of method of urban water-body original position microorganism remediation |
| CN109912143A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of original position black-odor riverway mud repair material and its potting and its application |
| CN109907040A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 浙江省食品药品检验研究院 | A kind of sustained-release gel ball and preparation method thereof with controlling plant diseases function |
| CN110510760A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-11-29 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of bilayer carbon source microballoon and its preparation and application |
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| CN112175936A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Microbial slow-release microbial inoculum for carbon reduction and nitrogen removal of septic tank and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109231431A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | A kind of method of urban water-body original position microorganism remediation |
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| CN109912143A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | A kind of original position black-odor riverway mud repair material and its potting and its application |
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| WO2020253451A1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-12-24 | 吴万益 | Rotating entrapped biological contactor wastewater treatment apparatus and method for manufacturing reaction ball |
| CN112175936A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Microbial slow-release microbial inoculum for carbon reduction and nitrogen removal of septic tank and preparation method thereof |
| CN112142526A (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2020-12-29 | 青岛一亩地农业科技有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly multi-element slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115286119A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-04 | 西南科技大学 | Microorganism strengthening agent using mineral/biomass as carrier for removing hexavalent chromium and preparation method thereof |
| CN115286119B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-09-12 | 西南科技大学 | Microorganism strengthening medicament for removing hexavalent chromium by taking minerals/biomass as carrier and preparation method thereof |
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