CN108012335B - Virtualized multicast resource allocation method under software defined network - Google Patents

Virtualized multicast resource allocation method under software defined network Download PDF

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CN108012335B
CN108012335B CN201710987309.8A CN201710987309A CN108012335B CN 108012335 B CN108012335 B CN 108012335B CN 201710987309 A CN201710987309 A CN 201710987309A CN 108012335 B CN108012335 B CN 108012335B
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CN108012335A (en
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周雨晨
阔永红
杨龙
王平
陈健
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Xidian University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/80—Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
    • H04L47/806—Broadcast or multicast traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0057—Physical resource allocation for CQI
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a virtualized multicast resource allocation method under a software defined network; the virtualization of the physical network is realized through the software defined network, the virtualized virtual network can be from the same physical network, different network providers are logically presented to users, and different types of service services are provided; a user generates a service, and selects a proper network provider according to the service requirement of the user, namely a proper virtual network; determining a network selection method and a modulation and coding scheme selection method by adopting a maximum and minimum criterion; and determining a virtual bandwidth allocation method by adopting an interior point method with the aim of maximizing the income of a virtual network operator. The invention can ensure the communication speed requirement of the multicast user group and ensure that the frequency band resource allocated to each multicast group does not exceed the physical total resource provided by each base station. The invention has the advantage of high utilization rate of system resources, and can improve the service quality and experience quality of users.

Description

Virtualized multicast resource allocation method under software defined network
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a virtualized multicast resource allocation method in a software defined network.
Background
With diversification of user equipment types and demand services, wireless communication networks need to be able to support high-speed concurrent diversified communication services. The network virtualization technology enables a single network framework to support multiple virtual heterogeneous networks, the same physical equipment is presented to a mobile user in different postures, and the user selects a pre-accessed virtual network according to the self requirement and preference; compared with the traditional physical network, the method can definitely divide the network service types and further improve the service quality and experience of the user. The software-defined networking technology can separate the network control plane from the data plane, and is considered as an effective way to implement network virtualization due to the capability of flexibly controlling and managing the network. On the other hand, in consideration of the problems of aggravation of video services, scarcity of spectrum resources and the like, the multicast technology can realize efficient utilization of the spectrum resources, improve the throughput of user services and accelerate the response time of an application process through a simultaneous same-frequency point-to-multipoint communication mode. In the integration of Network Function Virtualization with SDR and SDN for4G/5G Networks published in "IEEE Network" (International institute of Electrical and electronics Engineers Network "(vol 29, 5-6/2015), Songlinn Sun et al proposed a combination of wireless Network Virtualization and software-defined Networks in" 4G/5G Networks "integration of Network Function Virtualization with software-defined radio and software-defined Networks", authors proposed a possible development direction of future Networks according to the standard protocols and extensions thereof under the existing 4G/5G Networks, but the research only specifically aimed at the design and extension of the integrated framework, did not study the problem of resource deployment under the framework, and did not involve multicast technology. In 2015, Saraayoubi et al proposed a resource allocation method for a Multicast Virtual Network in "MINTED (Multicast Virtual Network Embedding in Cloud Data center with Delay Constraints considered)" published in "IEEE Transactions on Communications" (International institute of Electrical and electronics Engineers communication Collection) (volume 63, 4.2015), which specifically aims at Delay-sensitive Multicast services and adopts a Delay constraint mode to ensure the service quality requirements of Multicast users. However, the above-mentioned solution only implements the combination of the multi-wave technology and the wireless network virtualization technology, and does not consider that the channel quality owned by the edge users in the actual network environment is poor, so that all users in the group have to adopt the modulation and coding scheme with lower data rate, thereby limiting the system spectrum efficiency and reducing the user service quality. Therefore, while combining software-defined networking, wireless network virtualization, and multicast techniques, there is a need to select an appropriate modulation and coding scheme for video information transmitted on each resource block allocated to a user group, taking into account the channel quality of the edge users.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: the current resource allocation method of the multicast virtual network has the problem that when users in a multicast group are in unfavorable communication places, such as cell edges or deep fading of channels of the users, all the users in the group have to adopt a modulation and coding scheme with a lower data rate to meet the communication requirements of the users, so that the system spectrum efficiency is limited, and the user service quality is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for distributing virtualized multicast resources in a software defined network.
The invention is realized in this way, a method for distributing virtualized multicast resources under a software-defined network, the method for distributing virtualized multicast resources under the software-defined network realizes the virtualization of a physical network through the software-defined network, and a control platform of the virtualized network is separated from a data platform; the user generates service, selects virtual network access according to the required service quality and experience quality, logically accesses users of different virtual networks, and can physically access the same base station; the user feeds back the channel quality index to the base station, selects the base station to provide service, and selects a modulation and coding scheme; and the allocation of virtual bandwidth resources is realized by adopting an interior point method with the aim of maximizing the total income of a virtual network operator.
Further, the method for distributing the virtualized multicast resources under the software defined network comprises the following steps:
step one, realizing the virtualization of a physical network through a software defined network, logically providing different network providers for users, and providing different types of service services;
step two, the user generates service, and selects a proper network provider according to the service requirement of the user, namely selects a proper virtual network; the base station set is B, all base station equipment resources are virtualized to each virtual network flag, the virtual network set is S, the mobile user set is U, and the mobile user set signed with the virtual network S is UsAnd is provided with
Figure BDA0001440787220000031
Step three, determining a network selection method and a modulation and coding scheme selection method;
and step four, determining a virtual bandwidth allocation method by taking the income of the maximized virtual network operator as a target.
Further, the third step specifically includes:
(1) all users feed back channel quality indexes CQI to each base station, and the modulation modes and coding rates required by users with different channel qualities are different;
(2) the users requiring the same video service are grouped into one group, the set of multicast user groups is G, for each multicast group G belongs to G, for each base station n belongs to B, the user with the lowest channel quality index in the group is found
Figure BDA0001440787220000036
Figure BDA0001440787220000032
(3) For each base station n belongs to B, finding out the base station which leads the multicast group G to belong to G and has the highest channel quality index,
Figure BDA0001440787220000033
(4) multicast group g access base station n*And adopt
Figure BDA0001440787220000034
Corresponding modulation and coding mode；
Further, in the step (1), the specific correspondence between the channel quality indicator and the modulation and coding scheme is: the modulation schemes corresponding to the channel quality indexes from 1 to 6 are QPSK, the modulation schemes corresponding to 7 to 9 are 16-QAM, the modulation schemes corresponding to 10 to 15 are 64-QAM, and the coding rates (x 1024) corresponding to the channel quality indexes from 1 to 15 are 68, 120, 193, 308, 449, 602, 378, 490, 616, 466, 567, 677, 772, 873 and 948, respectively.
Further, the fourth step specifically includes:
(1) estimating instantaneous channel gain from each user to each base station
Figure BDA0001440787220000035
Average transmission power of base station is ptAverage noise of received information at user is n0；
(2) The income of the virtual network operator comes from the network access fee which the user should pay to access the network;
(3) the expenditure of the virtual network operator comes from a bandwidth lease fee paid to the base station, i.e., the device provider;
(4) the income of the virtual network operator is the income minus the expenditure, and the virtual bandwidth resource allocation is realized by adopting an interior point method.
Further, income that can be obtained by a virtual network operator after the multicast group g in (2) accesses the network n is defined as incomen,g＝φn·Rn,gWherein phinThe unit price to be paid for accessing the network n,
Figure BDA0001440787220000041
data rate available for multicast group g to access network n, bn,gThe band resource obtained for multicast group g.
Further, the expenditure of the virtual network operator to the equipment provider after the multicast group g accesses the network n in the step (3) can be specifically defined as
Figure BDA0001440787220000042
Wherein
Figure BDA0001440787220000043
The unit price to be paid for leasing the band resources of network n.
Further, the total income of the virtual network operator in the step (4) is specifically expressed as
Figure BDA0001440787220000044
With the goal of maximizing the total yield, i.e.
Figure BDA0001440787220000045
Ensuring multicast user group communication rate threshold RthWhile ensuring that the frequency band resource allocated to each multicast group does not exceed the total physical frequency band resource B of each base stationtotal，
Figure BDA0001440787220000046
And
Figure BDA0001440787220000047
adopting an interior point method to realize virtual bandwidth resource allocation to obtain bn,gThe solution of (1).
The invention combines software defined network, wireless network virtualization and multicast technology; the separation of the control platform and the data platform is completed through the software defined network technology, the flexible management of a network framework is realized, and the introduction of a wireless network virtualization technology is facilitated; meanwhile, the traditional and single physical network is classified according to the service types through a wireless network virtualization technology, and each classified virtual network unit can be used for specifying a specific service, so that the user experience is improved; finally, the application of the multicast technology can improve the utilization rate of the frequency spectrum and solve the problems of aggravation of video service, scarce frequency spectrum resources and the like at the present stage.
The invention gives consideration to the channel quality indexes of different users in the multicast group, and adopts the maximum and minimum criteria to realize the network selection and the modulation and coding selection scheme; meanwhile, a business model of a virtual network operator is constructed, and the business model comprises a expenditure part (spectrum lease fee) for an equipment provider and an income part (network access fee) obtained from the virtual network operator; according to the business model, under the condition that the communication rate requirement of the multicast user group and the total frequency band resource are limited, the virtual bandwidth resource is reasonably distributed through an interior point method, and the profit maximization of a virtual network operator is realized.
Based on the combination of the software defined network, the wireless network virtualization and the multicast technology, compared with the traditional software defined virtualization network, the invention can improve the frequency spectrum utilization rate and solve the problems of video service aggravation, frequency spectrum resource scarcity and the like at the present stage; compared with the traditional multicast virtualization network, the method can realize flexible management of the network architecture. The table is as follows.
Figure BDA0001440787220000051
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for allocating virtualized multicast resources in a software-defined network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a virtualized software-defined network model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a software-defined network-based virtualized multicast system model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a general flowchart of an implementation of the method for allocating virtualized multicast resources in a software-defined network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between conventional strategies provided by embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention can realize the reasonable distribution of virtual network resources, including virtual network selection and virtual bandwidth resource distribution, and can select a proper modulation and coding scheme for the transmitted video information, thereby improving the system spectrum efficiency and the user service quality and realizing the maximization of the profit of a virtual network operator.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for allocating virtualized multicast resources in a software-defined network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101: the virtualization of the physical network is realized through the software defined network, the virtualized virtual network can be from the same physical network, different network providers are logically presented to users, and different types of service services are provided;
s102: a user generates a service, and selects a proper network provider according to the service requirement of the user, namely a proper virtual network; determining a network selection method and a modulation and coding scheme selection method by adopting a maximum and minimum criterion;
s103: and determining a virtual bandwidth allocation method by adopting an interior point method with the aim of maximizing the income of a virtual network operator.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the virtualization software defined network model diagram used in the present invention is a software defined network technology that separately manages a control platform and a data platform, slices, integrates, and virtualizes a single physical network resource to different virtual network providers, each virtual network provider may be uniquely specific to a specific service, such as a video service, an audio service, a game service, etc., and a user accesses a corresponding virtual network according to his own needs, thereby obtaining higher quality of service and experience.
As shown in fig. 3, the software-defined network-based virtual multicast system model used in the present invention is composed of 1 virtual network operator, 1 equipment provider (physical resource network), and 2 virtual network providers. The user logically selects to access different virtual network providers according to the content grouping of the demand, and the same physical resource network is physically accessed.
As shown in fig. 4, the implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:
step 1: the virtualization implementation of the physical resource network comprises the following steps: the virtualization of the physical network is realized through the software defined network, the physical network can be a heterogeneous network and is provided with a plurality of base stations or access points, and the virtualized virtual network can be originated from the same physical network, but logically presents to users different network providers and provides different types of business services.
Step 2: the mobile subscriber generates a service and selects an appropriate virtual network provider according to the service type.
2.1) assuming here that the set of base stations is B, all base station equipment resources are virtualized under each virtual network flag, as shown in fig. 3;
2.2) the set of virtual networks is S, the set of mobile subscribers is U, and the set of mobile subscribers subscribed to the virtual network S is UsAnd is provided with
Figure BDA0001440787220000071
And step 3: determining a network selection scheme and a modulation and coding scheme:
3.1) determining a network selection scheme:
3.1.1) all users feed back channel quality indicators CQI to each base station, the modulation scheme and coding rate required by users with different channel qualities are different, the higher the channel quality indicator is, the higher the required coding rate is, specifically, the modulation scheme corresponding to the channel quality indicator from 1 to 6 is QPSK, the modulation scheme corresponding to 7 to 9 is 16-QAM, the modulation scheme corresponding to 10 to 15 is 64-QAM, and the coding rate (x 1024) corresponding to the channel quality indicator from 1 to 15 is 68, 120, 193, 308, 449, 602, 378, 490, 616, 466, 567, 677, 772, 873, 948;
3.1.2) users requiring the same video service are grouped into one group, and the total number of users in each multicast group is | U, assuming that the set of multicast user groups is GgFor each multicast group G belongs to G, and for each base station n belongs to B, finding out the user with the lowest channel quality index in the group
Figure BDA0001440787220000081
Namely, it is
Figure BDA0001440787220000082
3.1.3) for each base station n belongs to B, finding the base station which leads the multicast group G to belong to G and has the highest channel quality index, namely
Figure BDA0001440787220000083
3.1.4) multicast g Access base station n*Is mathematically expressed as
Figure BDA0001440787220000084
3.2) determining a modulation and coding scheme: multicast group g adoption
Figure BDA0001440787220000085
The corresponding modulation and coding scheme.
And 4, step 4: determining a virtual spectrum resource allocation scheme:
4.1) estimating instantaneous channel gain from each user to each base station
Figure BDA0001440787220000086
Assume that the average transmit power of the base station is ptAverage noise of received information at user is n0；
4.2) the revenue of a virtual network operator can be considered as its revenue minus the expenditure, in particular:
4.2.1) the income of the virtual network operator comes from the network access fee which the user should pay for accessing the network, the fee can be regarded as the unit price multiplied by the data rate which can be obtained by the user, and the user who pays the network access fee can access the virtual network to obtain the service; the income that a virtual network operator can obtain after a multicast group g accesses a network n may be specifically defined as incomen,g＝φn·Rn,gWherein phinThe unit price to be paid for accessing the network n,
Figure BDA0001440787220000087
data rate available for multicast group g to access network n, bn,gA frequency band resource obtained for multicast group g;
4.2.2) the expenditure of the virtual network operator comes from a bandwidth lease fee paid to a base station, namely an equipment provider, the fee can be regarded as a unit price multiplied by a leased physical frequency bandwidth, and after the bandwidth lease fee is paid, the virtual network operator can integrate frequency band resources, slice and virtualize the frequency band resources to each virtual network so as to provide services for users; the cost of the virtual network operator to the equipment provider after the multicast group g has accessed the network n may be defined specifically as
Figure BDA0001440787220000088
Wherein
Figure BDA0001440787220000089
A unit price to be paid for a frequency band resource of the rental network n;
4.2.3) the revenue of the virtual network operator can be regarded as the above revenue minus expenditure, the total revenue being expressed in detail as
Figure BDA00014407872200000810
4.4) aiming at maximizing the revenue of the virtual network operator, i.e.
Figure BDA00014407872200000811
Ensuring multicast user group communication rate threshold RthWhile ensuring that the frequency band resource allocated to each multicast group does not exceed the total physical frequency band resource B of each base stationtotalI.e. by
Figure BDA0001440787220000091
And
Figure BDA0001440787220000092
the virtual bandwidth resource allocation can be realized by adopting an interior point method, namely b is obtainedn,gThe solution of (1).
The effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to comparative experiments.
As shown in FIG. 5, different unit revenue prices φ are givennAnd different units
Figure BDA0001440787220000093
A comparison of the present invention with conventional strategies is illustrated at a cost. The illustration assumes 2 base stations, 2 multicast groups, 4 users in each group, a total amount of bandwidth per base station of 100MB, a minimum rate requirement per multicast group of 1MB, and the left example of FIG. 5 assumes
Figure BDA0001440787220000094
Right case assumes phi n1. As can be seen from the figure, in both schemes, the total revenue of the virtual network operator increases with the cost of the unit income and decreases with the cost of the unit expenditure. In addition, compared with the traditional scheme without considering the channel quality index, the method can obtain higher total income of the virtual network operator, and the total income obtained by the method is more increased compared with the traditional scheme along with the increase of the unit income price.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for distributing virtualized multicast resources under a software defined network is characterized in that the method for distributing virtualized multicast resources under the software defined network realizes virtualization of a physical network through the software defined network, and a control platform of the virtualized network is separated from a data platform; the user generates service, selects virtual network access according to the required service quality and experience quality, logically accesses users of different virtual networks, and physically accesses the same base station; the user feeds back the channel quality index to the base station, selects the base station to provide service, and selects a modulation and coding scheme; the method comprises the following steps of (1) realizing allocation of virtual bandwidth resources by adopting an interior point method with the aim of maximizing the total income of a virtual network operator;
the method for distributing the virtualized multicast resources under the software defined network comprises the following steps:
step one, realizing the virtualization of a physical network through a software defined network, logically providing different network providers for users, and providing different types of service services;
selecting a proper virtual network; the base station set is B, all base station equipment resources are virtualized to each virtual network flag, the virtual network set is S, the mobile user set is U, and the mobile user set signed with the virtual network S is UsAnd is provided with
Figure FDA0003123116640000011
Step three, determining a network selection method and a modulation and coding scheme selection method;
step four, with the income of the maximized virtual network operator as the goal, confirm the virtual bandwidth allocation method;
the third step specifically comprises:
(1) all users feed back channel quality indexes CQI to each base station, and the modulation modes and coding rates required by users with different channel qualities are different;
(2) the users requiring the same video service are grouped into one group, the set of multicast user groups is G, for each multicast group G belongs to G, for each base station n belongs to B, the user with the lowest channel quality index in the group is found
Figure FDA0003123116640000015
Figure FDA0003123116640000012
(3) For each base station n belongs to B, finding out the base station which leads the multicast group G to belong to G and has the highest channel quality index,
Figure FDA0003123116640000013
(4) multicast group g access base station n*And adopt
Figure FDA0003123116640000014
The corresponding modulation and coding scheme.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific correspondence between the channel quality indicator and the modulation and coding scheme in (1) is: the modulation schemes corresponding to the channel quality indexes from 1 to 6 are QPSK, the modulation schemes corresponding to 7 to 9 are 16-QAM, the modulation schemes corresponding to 10 to 15 are 64-QAM, and the coding rates × 1024 corresponding to the channel quality indexes from 1 to 15 are 68, 120, 193, 308, 449, 602, 378, 490, 616, 466, 567, 677, 772, 873, 948, respectively.
3. The method for allocating virtualized multicast resources under a software defined network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fourth step specifically comprises:
(1) estimating instantaneous channel gain from each user to each base station
Figure FDA0003123116640000024
Average transmission power of base station is ptAverage noise of received information at user is n0；
(2) The income of the virtual network operator comes from the network access fee which the user should pay to access the network;
(3) the expenditure of the virtual network operator comes from a bandwidth lease fee paid to the base station, i.e., the device provider;
(4) the income of the virtual network operator is the income minus the expenditure, and the virtual bandwidth resource allocation is realized by adopting an interior point method.
4. The method for allocating virtualized multicast resources under software defined network as claimed in claim 3, wherein the income that can be obtained by the virtual network operator after the multicast group g in (2) accesses the network n is defined as incomen,g＝φn·Rn,gWherein phinThe unit price to be paid for accessing the network n,
Figure FDA0003123116640000021
data rate available for multicast group g to access network n, bn,gThe band resource obtained for multicast group g.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the virtual network operator's expenditure to the device provider after the multicast group g accesses the network n in (3) is specifically defined as the expenditure to the device provider
Figure FDA0003123116640000022
Wherein
Figure FDA0003123116640000023
The unit price to be paid for leasing the band resources of network n.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the total revenue of the virtual network operator in the step (4) is expressed as
Figure FDA0003123116640000031
With the goal of maximizing the total yield, i.e.
Figure FDA0003123116640000032
Ensuring multicast user group communication rate threshold RthWhile ensuring that the frequency band resource allocated to each multicast group does not exceed the total physical frequency band resource B of each base stationtotal，
Figure FDA0003123116640000033
And
Figure FDA0003123116640000034
implementing virtual bandwidth resources using interior point methodSource allocation, obtaining bn,gThe solution of (1).
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