CN108009344B - Train far-field pneumatic noise prediction method and device and train - Google Patents
Train far-field pneumatic noise prediction method and device and train Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting far-field pneumatic noise of a train, which comprises the steps of constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to relevant parameters of the train; constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a plurality of three-train marshalling trains according to the plurality of three-train marshalling train models; selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the three-train marshalling train to construct a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train; and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train. The method can effectively predict the complete train far-field pneumatic noise under any multi-marshalling condition, and is convenient for evaluating the complete train far-field pneumatic noise characteristics. The invention also discloses a train far-field pneumatic noise prediction device, a train and a computer storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, in particular to a method for predicting far-field pneumatic noise of a train, a device for predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of the train, the train and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
With the development of scientific technology, the speed of trains is continuously improved, the interaction between the trains and the air becomes more and more obvious, and the aerodynamic problem becomes a key problem to be researched and solved urgently for developing the trains. When a train runs, the surface of the train body can generate larger pulsating pressure, and further pneumatic noise can be generated inside the train, so that the comfort of passengers is influenced. When the train speed reaches 300km/h, the pneumatic noise exceeds the wheel track noise and becomes a main source of the high-speed train noise, and the excessive noise generally becomes a key problem for restricting the train speed increase. The method is used for accurately predicting and knowing the aerodynamic noise characteristics in the high-speed train, and is the basis and key for developing the noise reduction design of the high-speed train.
In the prior art, a pneumatic noise calculation method is a direct numerical simulation method, which directly obtains the noise characteristics of a measuring point by directly solving a Navier-Stokes equation (a Navier-Stokes equation) in a calculation region containing a sound source and the position of the measuring point, but has very high requirements on a calculation grid and a time step, and is not suitable for prediction of pneumatic noise in an engineering practical problem. At present, for the prediction of train aerodynamic noise, the most common method is to separate the prediction of an aerodynamic sound source and the prediction of far-field noise, calculate a near-field flow field to obtain the aerodynamic sound source in the first step, and calculate the far-field radiation noise of the aerodynamic sound source in the second step. The far-field radiation noise is calculated by generally adopting Lighthill acoustic analogy theory, and the method is developed more mature and has good calculation accuracy. The near-field flow field calculation is the key of train far-field aerodynamic noise prediction, and for accurately obtaining a train near-field aerodynamic noise source, the pulsation information of a train streaming flow field needs to be accurately simulated, so that a large vortex simulation method is generally adopted for the near-field flow field calculation. The large vortex simulation method has high requirements on the calculation grids, the number of the calculation grids is large, a large computer memory and a long calculation time are required, and under the current technical conditions, large vortex simulation numerical calculation of a three-train formation train streaming flow field can be usually carried out, but large vortex simulation numerical calculation of a three-dimensional streaming flow field of a whole train (usually eight-train formation or sixteen-train formation) is difficult to realize.
Therefore, how to effectively predict the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train under any multi-marshalling condition so as to evaluate the far-field pneumatic noise characteristic of the whole train and provide effective reference for noise reduction design of the whole train is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of a train, which can effectively predict the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train under any multi-marshalling condition and is convenient for evaluating the characteristics of the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train; another object of the present invention is to provide a train far-field aerodynamic noise prediction apparatus, a train and a computer readable storage medium, all having the above-mentioned advantages.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train, which comprises the following steps:
constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains;
constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a plurality of three-train marshalling trains according to the plurality of three-train marshalling train models;
selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the three-train marshalling train to construct a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train;
and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
Preferably, the constructing a plurality of three-train consist train models according to the relevant parameters of the train includes:
constructing three types of three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence.
Preferably, the constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a plurality of three-car consist trains according to the plurality of three-car consist train models includes:
establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for the three-train marshalling train model, and performing grid division;
calculating a transient flow field of the train in the calculation region by using a large vortex simulation method;
and when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable, calculating the pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car, and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files.
Preferably, the selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the plurality of pneumatic noise source files and network files of the three-train marshalling train and constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train includes:
selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a head train of the corresponding three-train marshalling train model according to the type of a middle train connected with the head train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of the complete marshalling train;
selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the middle train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train;
and selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the tail car of the corresponding three-car marshalling train model according to the type of the middle car connected with the tail car, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train.
Preferably, the calculating the pneumatic noise of the complete train in the far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train includes:
and calculating the whole train far-field aerodynamic noise by utilizing a Lighthill acoustic analogy theory based on the aerodynamic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a device for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train, including:
the model building module is used for building various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains;
the first construction module is used for constructing a plurality of pneumatic noise source files and network files of the three-train marshalling train according to the plurality of three-train marshalling train models;
the second construction module is used for selecting a corresponding workshop type according to various pneumatic noise source files and network files of the three-train marshalling train and constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
Preferably, the first building block comprises:
the establishing submodule is used for establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for the three-train marshalling train model and carrying out grid division;
the calculation submodule is used for calculating a transient flow field of the train in the calculation area by utilizing a large vortex simulation method;
and the storage submodule is used for calculating the pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable, and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files.
Preferably, the second building block comprises:
the first file construction submodule is used for selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a head train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of a middle train connected with the head train and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of the complete marshalling train;
the second file construction submodule is used for selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the middle train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train;
and the third file construction submodule is used for selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the tail car of the three-car marshalling train model according to the type of the intermediate car connected with the tail car and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a train, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of any one of the above methods for train far field aerodynamic noise prediction when executing the computer program.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement any one of the above method for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train.
The invention provides a method for predicting train far-field pneumatic noise, which comprises the steps of constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to relevant parameters of a train; constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a plurality of three-train marshalling trains according to the plurality of three-train marshalling train models; selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the three-train marshalling train to construct a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train; and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
Therefore, in view of the fact that the change of the flow field in the middle of the train tends to be stable, the method constructs the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train by obtaining the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the three marshalling trains, approximately reflects the flow characteristic of the complete marshalling train by utilizing the flow characteristic of the three marshalling trains, effectively solves the problem of predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train, can predict the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train under any multi-marshalling condition, is more convenient to evaluate the far-field pneumatic noise characteristic of the whole train, and provides effective reference for the noise reduction design of the whole train.
The invention also provides a train far-field pneumatic noise prediction device, a train and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary complete train consist provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Head + MS + Tail type three-car consist train model according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a plurality of pneumatic noise source files and network files for a three-car consist according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a calculation area of a three-car consist train according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computational grid for a three car consist train in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a source file and a network file of aerodynamic noise of a complete consist according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure spectrum curves of middle measuring points of two middle cars under a four-car grouping condition according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a device for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a method for predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of the train, which can effectively predict the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train under any multi-marshalling condition and is convenient to evaluate the characteristics of the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train; another core of the present invention is to provide a train far-field aerodynamic noise prediction apparatus, a train and a computer readable storage medium, all having the above-mentioned advantages.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train according to the present invention, where the method may include:
s100: constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains;
the relevant parameters are parameters related to the train and capable of influencing the constructed train model. For example, the train running speed parameter, the train model parameter, the train section parameter, etc. can be included.
Specifically, the whole train consists of a head train, a plurality of intermediate trains and a tail train, and usually eight-train marshalling is adopted, namely the head train +6 intermediate trains and the tail train, or sixteen-train marshalling is adopted, namely the head train +14 intermediate trains and the tail train, so that various different three-train marshalling train models can be constructed according to relevant parameters of the train, such as train types, workshop section numbers and the like.
Preferably, the constructing of the plurality of three-train consist train models according to the relevant parameters of the train includes: constructing three types of three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence.
Specifically, because the calculation amount of the pneumatic noise is huge, the direct prediction of the pneumatic noise of the whole train is difficult to realize, and a three-train marshalling train model can be constructed according to relevant parameters of the train because the flow field change in the middle of the train tends to be stable, wherein the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence, namely the head train, the middle train and the tail train, and then the flow characteristic of the whole train is approximately reflected by the flow characteristic of the three-train marshalling train. Specifically, in the whole train marshalling, the Head train is marked as Head, the Tail train is marked as Tail, and the Head train and the Tail train have the same appearance; the intermediate vehicle generally includes three types: the middle vehicle has no pantograph and is marked as MN; the middle vehicle is provided with a pantograph and is in a pantograph lifting state, and the pantograph lifting state is marked as MS; the middle car has a pantograph and is in a pantograph lowering state, and is recorded as MJ. Therefore, in order to accurately reflect the flow characteristics of different intermediate cars in a complete marshalling train, three different types of three-car marshalling train models including a head car, an intermediate car and a tail car can be constructed, namely: head + MN + Tail, Head + MS + Tail, Head + MJ + Tail.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical complete train formation situation provided by the present invention, specifically: head + MN + MS + MN + MN + MJ + MN + Tail, the types of the train intermediate car comprise the three types. In order to accurately obtain the pneumatic noise source of each workshop in the complete train formation, three types of three-train formation train models can be established, namely: head + MN + Tail, Head + MS + Tail, Head + MJ + Tail. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Head + MS + Tail type three-car consist train model according to the present invention.
S200: constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of various three-train marshalling trains according to various three-train marshalling train models;
specifically, for the obtained three-train marshalling train model, corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files are constructed, including the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the head train, the middle train and the tail train of the train.
On the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing a plurality of pneumatic noise source files and network files of a three-car consist train according to the present invention.
Preferably, according to the plurality of three-train consist train models, constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the plurality of three-train consist trains comprises:
s201: establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for a three-train marshalling train model, and performing grid division;
s202: calculating a transient flow field of the train in the calculation area by using a large vortex simulation method;
s203: and calculating the pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable, and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files.
Specifically, a train aerodynamic calculation area is established for three types of train formation train models, namely Head + MN + Tail, Head + MS + Tail and Head + MJ + Tail. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a calculation area of a three-car marshalling train provided by the present invention, where the size of the calculation area should ensure the sufficient development of the flow field, the upstream of the flow field should be no less than 8 times of the characteristic height, and the downstream of the flow field should be no less than 16 times of the characteristic height, where the characteristic height refers to the distance from the top surface of the train to the ground. The distance between the bottom of the train and the ground is determined according to actual conditions. In the lateral direction, the train is located in the middle of the calculation area. The left side of the calculation area is set as a speed inlet boundary, the right side is set as a pressure outlet boundary, the two sides and the top side are set as symmetrical boundaries, and the bottom side is set as a sliding ground boundary. The above-mentioned 8 times of characteristic height and 16 times of characteristic height are the shortest distance requirements for ensuring the full development of the flow field, however, in order to make the flow field more suitable for the actual situation and ensure that the air flow on the boundary of the flow field is not affected by the flow of the train, the upstream of the flow field will be obviously greater than 8 times of characteristic height, and the downstream of the flow field will be obviously greater than 16 times of characteristic height. Specifically, for the example shown in fig. 5, the length of the upstream of the flow field, that is, the length from the vehicle head to the boundary of the speed inlet is 80m, the length of the downstream of the flow field, that is, the length from the vehicle tail to the boundary of the pressure outlet is 240m, and the distance from the top surface of the train to the ground, that is, the characteristic height is 4m, it can be seen that the upstream of the flow field is 20 times of the characteristic height, which satisfies that the upstream of the flow field is not less than 8; the smooth downstream is 60 times of characteristic height, and the downstream of the flow field is not less than 16 times of characteristic height.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a grid for calculating a three-car marshalling train according to the present invention, when the grid is divided, since the flow of the ambient air of the train is changed dramatically, in order to accurately describe the aerodynamic noise source on the surface of the train body, the area around the train and the rear portion of the train tail need to be properly encrypted. Specifically, the boundary layer is arranged from the inner side to the outer side of the vehicle body from the surface of the vehicle body, and the thickness of the boundary layer can increase; the corresponding grid growth ratio can be between 1.1-1.2, wherein the number of layers of the boundary layer is not suitable to be less than 5, and the thickness of the first layer of grid is required to ensure that the y + of the surface of the vehicle body is basically about 1.
Further, in the calculation region, a train steady-state flow field can be calculated by using a standard k-epsilon turbulence model to obtain an initial flow field, and then a train transient flow field is calculated by using a large vortex simulation method. When transient calculation is carried out, the time step of flow field calculation is consistent with the time step of sound field calculation, the time step of sound field calculation depends on the highest frequency of noise analysis, and when the time step is delta ts, the highest frequency of noise analysis is 1/(2 delta t) Hz.
Further, when the solving process of the train transient flow field tends to be stable, the train transient flow field enters the acoustic calculation module, the pneumatic noise sources of the train head, the middle and the tail at each time step are calculated and stored in a CGNS format, and each time step corresponds to one CGNS file. Specifically, the pneumatic noise source file of the Head car is saved as Head _ xxxxxx.cgns, the pneumatic noise source file of the Tail car is saved as Tail _ xxxxxx.cgns, and the pneumatic noise source file of the middle car is saved as MN _ xxxxxx.cgns, MS _ xxxxxx.cgns and MJ _ xxxxxx.cgns according to the type of the pneumatic noise source file, wherein xxxx represents the number of time steps. Meanwhile, the mesh files of the Head car, the middle car and the Tail car are stored, specifically, the mesh file of the Head car is stored as Head _ mesh.cgns, the mesh file of the Tail car is stored as Tail _ mesh.cgns, and the mesh file of the middle car is stored as MN _ mesh.cgns, MS _ mesh.cgns and MJ _ mesh.cgns according to the types of the mesh files. That is, there are 9 pneumatic noise source files obtained finally in the above process, which are respectively the pneumatic noise source files of 3 head cars, the pneumatic noise source files of 3 middle cars and the pneumatic noise source files of 3 tail cars applicable to the above three types of three-car consist train models. Correspondingly, the number of the finally obtained network files is 9 correspondingly.
S300: selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of various three-train marshalling trains, and constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train;
specifically, the flow characteristics of the whole train are approximately reflected by the flow characteristics of the three-train marshalling train, so that the corresponding workshop type can be selected on the basis of ensuring that the position of the head train of the complete marshalling train is consistent with the position of the head train of the three-train marshalling train according to the obtained pneumatic noise source file and network file of the three-train marshalling train, so as to further construct the pneumatic noise source file and network file of the complete marshalling train.
Based on the above embodiments, please refer to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete train set according to the present invention.
Preferably, selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the various three-train marshalling trains, and constructing the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the complete marshalling train comprises the following steps:
s301: selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a head train of a corresponding three-train marshalling train model according to the type of a middle train connected with the head train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of the complete marshalling train;
s302: selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a middle train of a corresponding three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train;
s303: and selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the tail car of the corresponding three-car marshalling train model according to the type of the middle car connected with the tail car, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train.
Specifically, according to the relevant parameter information of the train, a head train pneumatic noise source file and a grid file of the corresponding three-train marshalling train are selected, and the head train pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train are constructed. Specifically, if the type of the middle train connected with the Head train is MN, selecting the type of a Head + MN + Tail three-train marshalling train, and taking the Head train pneumatic noise source file and the grid file thereof as the Head train pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the middle train connected with the Head train is MS, selecting the type of a Head + MS + Tail marshalling train, and taking the pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the Head train as the pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the Head train of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the middle vehicle connected with the Head vehicle is MJ, selecting the type of a Head + MJ + Tail three-vehicle marshalling train, and taking the pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the Head vehicle as the pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the Head vehicle of the complete marshalling train. And the pneumatic noise source file of the Head car is still saved as Head _ xxxxxx.cgns, and the grid file is still saved as Head _ mesh.cgns. For example, in the case of the entire train formation shown in fig. 2, if the type of the intermediate train connected to the Head train is MN, a Head + MN + Tail three-train formation train is selected, and the Head train pneumatic noise source file and the mesh file are used as the Head train pneumatic noise source file and the mesh file of the complete formation train.
Further, according to the type of the ith (i is 1,2, …, N represents the total number of the intermediate cars), selecting the corresponding intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and grid file of the three-car marshalling train to construct the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and grid file of the complete marshalling train, specifically, if the type of the ith intermediate car is MN, selecting the type of the Head + MN + Tail three-car marshalling train, and using the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and grid file as the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and grid file of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the ith intermediate car is MS, selecting the type of a Head + MS + Tail three-car marshalling train, and taking the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file thereof as the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the ith intermediate car is MS, selecting the type of a Head + MJ + Tail three-car marshalling train, and taking the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file thereof as the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train. It should be noted that the grid file of the ith intermediate car is obtained by translating the grid of the corresponding intermediate car of the three-car marshalling train, the translation direction is from the head to the tail, and the translation distance is (i-1) × L (L represents the length of the intermediate car). The pneumatic noise source file of the ith intermediate car is saved as Mi _ xxxxxx.cgns, and the grid file is saved as Mi _ mesh.cgns. For example, for the entire train formation case shown in fig. 2, if the type of the 1 st, 3 rd, 4 th, and 6 th intermediate trains is MN, the type of the Head + MN + Tail three-train formation train is selected, and the intermediate pneumatic noise source files and the grid files thereof are used as the four intermediate pneumatic noise source files and the grid files of the entire formation train; if the type of the 2 nd intermediate car is MS, selecting a type of a Head + MS + Tail three-car marshalling train, and taking an intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and a grid file thereof as an intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and a grid file of the complete marshalling train; and if the type of the 5 th intermediate car is MJ, selecting a type of a Head + MJ + Tail three-car marshalling train, and taking the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file thereof as the intermediate car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train.
Further, selecting a corresponding Tail car pneumatic noise source file and a grid file of the three-car marshalling train according to the relevant parameter information of the train, and constructing a Tail car pneumatic noise source and a grid file of the complete marshalling train, specifically, if the type of a middle car connected with the Tail car is MN, selecting the type of a Head + MN + Tail three-car marshalling train, and using the Tail car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file as the Tail car pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the middle train connected with the Tail train is MS, selecting a type of a Head + MS + Tail marshalling train, and taking a Tail train pneumatic noise source file and a grid file as a Tail train pneumatic noise source file and a grid file of the complete marshalling train; if the type of the middle vehicle connected with the Tail vehicle is MJ, selecting the type of a Head + MJ + Tail three-vehicle marshalling train, and taking the Tail vehicle pneumatic noise source file and the grid file as the Tail vehicle pneumatic noise source file and the grid file of the complete marshalling train. It should be noted that the grid file of the trailer is also obtained by translating the corresponding trailer grid of the three-train marshalling train, the translation direction is from the head of the train to the tail of the train, and the translation distance is (N-1) × L (N represents the total number of intermediate trains, and L represents the length of the intermediate train). Wherein, the pneumatic noise source file of the Tail car is still saved as Tail _ xxxxxx.cgns, and the grid file is still saved as Tail _ mesh.cgns. For example, in the case of the entire train formation shown in fig. 2, if the intermediate train connected to the Tail train is MN, a Head + MN + Tail train formation is selected, and the Tail pneumatic noise source file and the mesh file are used as the Tail pneumatic noise source file and the mesh file of the complete train formation.
S400: and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
Specifically, after a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train are obtained, prediction of the whole far-field pneumatic noise of the train can be carried out. The method comprises the steps of firstly arranging monitoring points of the whole train far-field pneumatic noise according to relevant standards and research requirements, and then calculating the whole train far-field pneumatic noise according to the obtained pneumatic noise source file and network file of the whole marshalling train.
Preferably, calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train comprises: and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field by utilizing a Lighthill acoustic analogy theory based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
Specifically, after monitoring points of the whole train far-field aerodynamic noise are arranged, calculation can be performed by utilizing a Lighthill acoustic analogy theory based on the obtained aerodynamic noise source file and network file of the complete marshalling train to obtain the whole train far-field aerodynamic noise, and the evaluation of the whole train aerodynamic noise characteristics is completed.
The method for predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of the train provided by the invention approximately reflects the flow characteristic of the complete marshalling train by utilizing the flow characteristic of the three-train marshalling train, can predict the far-field pneumatic noise of the whole train under any multi-marshalling condition, and is more convenient to evaluate the far-field pneumatic noise characteristic of the whole train.
Aiming at the method for predicting the far-field pneumatic noise of the train, the invention also provides a verification method for verifying the reasonability of the construction of the pneumatic noise source file of the whole train.
Specifically, the calculation of the pneumatic noise source of the intermediate car under the condition of more marshalling (the marshalling of more than or equal to four cars) can be carried out. The middle vehicle has the same appearance so as to verify the reasonability of the whole vehicle pneumatic noise source file construction method. Through calculation, the difference of each pneumatic noise source of the intermediate car is small under the fixed marshalling, and the influence of the train marshalling on the pneumatic noise sources of the intermediate car is small. Therefore, the pneumatic noise source of the intermediate car with the same appearance is less influenced by the train marshalling and the position of the train marshalling, and has better similarity.
Specifically, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure spectrum curves of middle measurement points of two middle cars in a four-car grouping situation according to the present invention. It can be seen that the sound pressure spectrum curves of the middle vehicle middle measuring points are very similar, although the sound pressure spectrum curves are slightly different in the low frequency band, the A weighting sound pressure level of the low frequency band is small, and the contribution of the A weighting sound pressure level to the total sound pressure level can be ignored. The A weighting total sound pressure levels of different intermediate train measuring points are not different greatly and are close to the A weighting total sound pressure level of the intermediate train measuring point of the three-train marshalling train. It follows that the source of intermediate train of the complete marshalling train can be approximately reflected. Therefore, the method for constructing the pneumatic noise source file of the whole train provided by the invention is reasonable.
Compared with the calculation of the large vortex simulation numerical value of the streaming flow field of the three-train marshalling train, the calculation of the large vortex simulation of the streaming flow field of the four-train marshalling train is larger in calculation amount and longer in calculation time, and the calculation requirement of engineering aerodynamic noise is difficult to meet. With the further increase of the grouping, the calculation amount will also increase sharply, and the present calculation conditions have been difficult to realize.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train according to the present invention, the apparatus includes:
the model building module 1 is used for building various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains;
the first construction module 2 is used for constructing pneumatic noise source files and network files of various three-train marshalling trains according to various three-train marshalling train models;
the second construction module 3 is used for selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of various three-train marshalling trains and constructing the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of the complete marshalling train;
and the calculating module 4 is used for calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
As a preferred embodiment, the model building module 1 is specifically configured to build three types of three-train formation train models according to relevant parameters of trains; the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence.
As a preferred embodiment, the first building block 2 comprises:
the establishing submodule is used for establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for a three-train marshalling train model and carrying out grid division;
the calculation submodule is used for calculating the transient flow field of the train in the calculation area by utilizing a large vortex simulation method;
and the storage submodule is used for calculating the pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable.
As a preferred embodiment, the second building block 3 comprises:
the first file construction submodule is used for selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a head train of a corresponding three-train marshalling train model according to the type of a middle train connected with the head train and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of a complete marshalling train;
the second file construction submodule is used for selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the middle train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train;
and the third file construction submodule is used for selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the tail car of the corresponding three-car marshalling train model according to the type of the middle car connected with the tail car and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train.
As a preferred embodiment, the calculation module 4 is specifically configured to calculate the far-field aerodynamic noise of the entire train based on the aerodynamic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
For the introduction of the apparatus provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides a train, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of various three-train marshalling trains according to various three-train marshalling train models; selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of various three-train marshalling trains, and constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train; and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
For the train introduction provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiment, and the present invention is not described herein.
To solve the above problem, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of various three-train marshalling trains according to various three-train marshalling train models; selecting a corresponding workshop type according to the pneumatic noise source files and the network files of various three-train marshalling trains, and constructing a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a complete marshalling train; and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
For the introduction of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The method for predicting the far-field aerodynamic noise of the train provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for predicting far-field aerodynamic noise of a train is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence, wherein the types of the middle train comprise no pantograph, a pantograph and a pantograph lifting state, and a pantograph lowering state;
establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for the three-train marshalling train model, and performing grid division;
calculating a transient flow field of the train in the calculation region by using a large vortex simulation method;
when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable, calculating pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car, and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files;
selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a head train of the corresponding three-train marshalling train model according to the type of a middle train connected with the head train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of the complete marshalling train;
selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the middle train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train;
selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a tail car of the corresponding three-car marshalling train model according to the type of a middle car connected with the tail car, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train;
and calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the overall train far-field aerodynamic noise based on the aerodynamic noise source file and the network file of the complete consist train comprises:
and calculating the whole train far-field aerodynamic noise by utilizing a Lighthill acoustic analogy theory based on the aerodynamic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
3. An apparatus for train far field aerodynamic noise prediction, comprising:
the model building module is used for building various three-train marshalling train models according to the relevant parameters of the trains; the three-train marshalling train model comprises a head train, a middle train and a tail train in sequence, wherein the types of the middle train comprise no pantograph, a pantograph and a pantograph lifting state, and a pantograph lowering state;
the first construction module is used for establishing a train aerodynamic calculation area for the three-train marshalling train model and carrying out grid division; calculating a transient flow field of the train in the calculation region by using a large vortex simulation method; when the calculation of the transient flow field tends to be stable, calculating pneumatic noise sources of the head car, the middle car and the tail car, and storing corresponding pneumatic noise source files and network files;
the second construction module is used for selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the head train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train connected with the head train and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the head train of the complete marshalling train; selecting a corresponding pneumatic noise source file and a network file of the middle train of the three-train marshalling train model according to the type of the middle train, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the middle train of the complete marshalling train; selecting a pneumatic noise source file and a network file of a tail car of the corresponding three-car marshalling train model according to the type of a middle car connected with the tail car, and constructing the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the tail car of the complete marshalling train;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the pneumatic noise of the whole train far field based on the pneumatic noise source file and the network file of the complete marshalling train.
4. A train, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the method of train far field aerodynamic noise prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2 when executing said computer program.
5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of carrying out a train far-field aerodynamic noise prediction according to claim 1 or 2.
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| CN111310316A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-19 | 同济大学 | Vehicle model selection method based on high-precision simulation of far-field noise of high-speed train |
| CN112763180B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Method for quickly predicting aerodynamic noise of pantograph model of high-speed train in acoustic wind tunnel |
| CN113609592B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2024-04-30 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Method, system and related components for fast prediction of aerodynamic noise of long marshalling train |
| CN115610464B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-10 | 成都流体动力创新中心 | High-speed train lift wing connecting rod air guide sleeve and design method thereof |
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