CN108009317A - A kind of conductivity studies emulation of composite material and modeling method - Google Patents
A kind of conductivity studies emulation of composite material and modeling method Download PDFInfo
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
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Abstract
Conductivity studies emulation and modeling method the invention discloses a kind of composite material; including the generation of controllability single-root carbon nano-tube model automatization, the generation of controllability reunion carbon nanotubes model automatization and FEM calculation; compared with prior art; the present invention establishes curvature of space random distribution carbon nano tube/epoxy resin composite material Three-dimension Numerical Model using FInite Element and discloses its thermal conduction mechanism; the emulation of the automation generating process of main protection controllability carbon nanotubes and modeling method, lay the foundation for the technical research in future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano material polymer composite heat transfer simulation technology field, more particularly to a kind of carbon
The conductivity studies emulation of nanotube/epoxy resin composite material and modeling method.
Background technology
Since carbon nanotubes is found since 1991, since its excellent mechanical performance, electric conductivity and heat conductivility draw
The extensive concern of scientific worker is played.In recent years, by adding carbon nanometer in the polymeric matrix based on epoxy resin
Pipe has become research hotspot to improve polymer bond and lead.Carbon nanotubes can be divided into single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs), more
Wall carbon nano tube (MWCNTs) and carbon nano-fiber (CNFs).Carbon nanotubes can significantly increase relative to most Nano filling
The thermal conductivity of strong composite material, while composite material can be made to keep certain insulating properties.
With the increasingly lifting of computer simulation technique, more and more research trends with numerical method in quantitatively probing into carbon
Influence of the relevant parameter of nanotube to thermal conductivity, and attempt the depth mechanism with numerical value method interpretation carbon nanotubes heat conduction behavior.
Li Qianqian, the interfacial characteristics of carbon nanotubes-silicon has been probed into based on Molecular Dynamics method, finds interface thermal conductivity as temperature raises
Enhancing with interface atoms intermolecular forces and increase, and the reason for illustrating to produce both phenomenons is due to temperature rise respectively,
More phonons are excited, and promote the transmission of heat；The atom of nearly interface can vibrate aggravation with the enhancing of active force,
Phonon coupling degree improves, and Heat transmission level is improved, but without explain interface thermal conductivity improvement to composite material entirety thermal conductivity
The affecting laws of rate.Song Yunpeng, after obtaining different functional groups to carbon nano-tube modification based on molecular dynamics simulation result, leads
The amplitude that hot coefficient declines is not much different, and it is little to be that is modified influence of the species to CNTs thermal conductivity factors.Zhou, S. in
The straight carbon nanotubes of the spatial stochastically distribution with FInite Element (FEM) sunykatuib analysis in 2012 is in the base to material entirety thermal conductivity
The influence of rate, relate to the interface resistance between carbon nanotubes and matrix, but the complexity for being limited to research do not examine yet filter carbon nanotubes-
The actual form factor of thermal contact resistance and carbon nanotubes in the base between carbon nanotubes.Therefore, establish closer to actual shape
The carbon nano tube/epoxy resin composite material numerical model and simultaneous quantitative of state probe into carbon nanotube by volume content, carbon nanotubes
It is necessary to the combined influence of heat conductivity with basal body interface thermal conductivity, carbon nanotubes Thermal Contact.This is specially
Profit establishes spatial stochastically distribution bending carbon nano tube/epoxy resin composite material Three-dimension Numerical Model using FInite Element (FEM)
Probe into its heat conduction behavior.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a kind of conductivity studies emulation of composite material
And modeling method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The present invention comprises the following steps：
(1) controllability single-root carbon nano-tube model automatization generates：It is under the conditions of existing computing resource, carbon nanotubes is straight
Footpath is set to 1nm, and initial length is set to 100nm, to be successfully generated this model in ANSYS finite element softwares, is directly justified using multistage
Column splices and generates curvature of space carbon nanotubes at interface point in the method for circular sliding slopes, utilizes matlab Software Creates the
One section of straight cylinder, its position and direction is random, after generating first segment straight cylinder carbon nanotubes, according to the angle of bend of setting
Carbon nanotubes using the terminal of first segment straight cylinder as the generation of the starting point of second segment straight cylinder below, both front and rear angles are being controlled
In the angular range of system, circular sliding slopes are sentenced again between two sections of straight cylinders, and circular arc curvature is controllable, carbon nanotubes bending control in model
System between 0-96 °, and so on, until total length of carbon nanotube reaches the length of setting, that is, generate single 3D- vermiforms carbon
Nanotube；After generating first CNT, the carbon nanotubes that is subsequently generated need to detect its therewith previous existence into carbon nanotubes between
Interference situation, that is, contact depth, if contact depth be more than setting value if give it up, continue to generate；
(2) controllability reunion carbon nanotubes model automatization generates：By control reunion carbon nanotubes group number and every group
The carbon nanotubes radical that carbon nanotubes includes controls the reunion degree of carbon nanotubes.First in 100 × 100 × 100nm3Volume
In the range of at random generation one reunion point, then near this reunion point generate certain amount carbon nanotubes, such one group
Reunion carbon nanotubes just generates, remaining reunion carbon nanotubes is generated also according to such method, is set in advance until having reached
Untill the reunion degree put, remaining carbon nanotubes random distribution is to ensure that carbon nanotube by volume content is identical in model；
(3) FEM calculation：Use 100 × 100 × 100nm3Cube as representative volume element solve domain, thermal conductivity
Rate Kc calculation formula:
Wherein kcIt is heat conductivity, unit is w/ (mk)；Tz+ is the mean temperature for applying hot-fluid face, unit
It is k；Tz- is the mean temperature for applying room temperature face, and unit is k；qzIt is the heat flow density applied in hot-fluid face, unit is w/m2；Δ
Z is the distance between hot-fluid face and room temperature face, and unit is m；Apply once heat using statistical method is each on six faces of model
Stream loading, corresponding opposite apply room temperature load, and each opposite can calculate a thermal conductivity, final composite material thermal conductivity
Rate takes the average value of six thermal conductivity result of calculation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is conductivity studies emulation and the modeling method of a kind of composite material, compared with prior art, the present invention
Curvature of space random distribution carbon nano tube/epoxy resin composite material Three-dimension Numerical Model is established using FInite Element disclose it and lead
Heat engine is managed, and the emulation of the automation generating process of main protection controllability carbon nanotubes and modeling method, grind for the technology in future
Study carefully and lay the foundation.
Brief description of the drawings
The generating process of Fig. 1 single-root carbon nano-tubes；
The single-root carbon nano-tube of Fig. 2 control angle of bend generations；
In Fig. 2：(a) 0-10 ° of angle of bend, 40 ° -60 ° of (b) angle of bend, 80 ° -90 ° of (c) angle of bend；
Fig. 3 is carbon nanotubes incorporation model；
Fig. 4 is carbon nano tube/epoxy resin conduction model example；
In Fig. 4：(a) random distribution carbon nanotubes model, (b) Finite element meshing model；
Fig. 5 is random distribution carbon nanotubes model and reunion carbon nanotubes model thermal conductivity result of calculation；
Fig. 6 is the hot-fluid network diagram of disperal pattern and incorporation model；
In Fig. 6：(a) dispersing Nano carbon tubes hot-fluid network, (b) reunion carbon nanotubes hot-fluid network；
Fig. 7 is the relation of model thermal conductivity and carbon nanotubes effective length；
Fig. 8 is interventional procedures schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
1st, controllability single-root carbon nano-tube model automatization generates：
In order to probe into such as influence of dispersiveness, form, size to heat conductivity of the structure factor of carbon nanotubes, need
The three-dimensional configuration of carbon nanotubes more realistically to be simulated under the conditions of existing computing resource, carbon nanotube diameter is set to 1nm,
Initial length is set to 100nm.To be successfully generated this model in ANSYS finite element softwares, using multistage straight cylinder splice and
Interface point sentences the methods of circular sliding slopes to generate curvature of space carbon nanotubes.Directly justified using matlab Software Creates first segment
Column, its position and direction are random.After generating first segment straight cylinder carbon nanotubes, according to the angle of bend of setting with first segment
The terminal of straight cylinder generates carbon nanotubes below, angle of both the front and rear angles in control as the starting point of second segment straight cylinder
In the range of, circular sliding slopes are sentenced again between two sections of straight cylinders, and circular arc curvature is controllable, as shown in Figure 1.As more than one spy of angle theta
During definite value, carbon nanotubes will surrender, and great difficulty is brought to modeling, but due in actual samples yield point compared to
It is considerably less for whole carbon nanotubes, very little is influenced on model overall thermal conductivity, so yield phenomenon can in our model
To ignore.Carbon nanotubes bending control is between 0-96 ° in model.And so on, until total length of carbon nanotube reaches
The length of setting, that is, generate single 3D- vermiforms carbon nanotubes, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 8：After generating first CNT, the carbon nanotubes that is subsequently generated need to detect its therewith previous existence into
Interference situation between carbon nanotubes, that is, contact depth, gives it up if contact depth is more than setting value, continues to generate.By
Interference detection between random bend carbon nanotubes is more difficult, for this will bending carbon nanotubes differential into multistage straight cylinder,
Circular arc is divided into the tiny cylinder of multistage to improve its precision, so only need to be straight by each section of newly-generated bending carbon nanotubes
Each section of straight cylinder part of column part and the bending carbon nanotubes generated carries out interference detection, and between straight cylinder
Interference detection judge it is relatively simple.The interference detection determining program that we generate can control the contact between all carbon nanotubes
Degree includes the completely discontiguous situation of all carbon nanotubes.
2nd, controllability reunion carbon nanotubes model automatization generates
The dust dispersion quality of carbon nanotubes has a great influence thermal conductivity, illustrates to establish carbon nanotubes incorporation model necessary.
The carbon nanotubes radical that is included by the group number and every group of carbon nanotubes that control reunion carbon nanotubes controls the group of carbon nanotubes
Poly- degree.First in 100 × 100 × 100nm3A reunion point is generated in volume range at random, it is then attached in this reunion point
The carbon nanotubes of nearly generation certain amount, it is such to be generated once poly- carbon nanotubes of forming a team.Remaining reunion carbon nanotubes is equally pressed
Method generation after this manner, untill having reached pre-set reunion degree, remaining carbon nanotubes random distribution is to protect
Carbon nanotube by volume content is identical in model of a syndrome, and the results are shown in Figure 3.
3rd, FEM calculation：In view of the form of carbon nanotubes, diameter and existing computing resource, this patent uses 100
×100×100nm3Cube as representative volume element solve domain.Fig. 4 is carbon nano tube/epoxy resin conduction model reality
Example.Thermal conductivity Kc Computer Corp. such as formula 1:
Wherein kcIt is heat conductivity, unit is w/ (mk)；Tz+ is the mean temperature for applying hot-fluid face, unit
It is k；Tz- is the mean temperature for applying room temperature face, and unit is k；qzIt is the heat flow density applied in hot-fluid face, unit is w/m2；Δ
Z is the distance between hot-fluid face and room temperature face, and unit is m.Apply once heat using statistical method is each on six faces of model
Stream loading, corresponding opposite apply room temperature load, and each opposite can calculate a thermal conductivity, final composite material thermal conductivity
Rate takes the average value of six thermal conductivity result of calculation.
Embodiment：
The influence of the distribution on thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes
It is respectively 0.059vol% to establish four pairs of carbon nanotube by volume contents, 0.200vol%, 0.300vol and
The thermal conductivity computation model of 0.380vol%, the model and carbon that a carbon nanotubes is dispersed are included under each volume content
Nanotube has the model reunited to a certain degree, and FEM calculation, material therefor physical property ginseng are carried out to the thermal conductivity of this four pairs of models
Number is as shown in table 1, and result of calculation is as shown in Figure 5.
1 computation model epoxy resin of table and carbon nanotubes physical parameter
When carbon nanotube by volume content is 0.200vol%, result of calculation shows the model thermal conductivity of good dispersion
The difference of (0.210w/ (mk)) and incorporation model thermal conductivity (0.181w/ (mk)) is 16%, with the difference of experimental result 23% compared with
It is small, demonstrate the validity of model.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that the dispersiveness of carbon nanotubes and interface thermal conductivity Csm are to model thermal conductivity under low volume content
There is considerable influence, this can be explained by hot-fluid network：Carbon nanotubes is formed soon by hot conode in the whole model space
The heat conduction network of speed.Carbon nanotubes forms the heat affecting of certain area due to itself very high thermal conductivity around it
Area, when the heat affected area of a carbon nanotubes and the heat affected area of another carbon nanotubes overlap, then heat can lead to
Cross heat affected area quickly to transmit, this overlapping region is known as hot conode.If there is weight in the heat affected area of all carbon nanotubes
Region is folded, then heat can quickly be transmitted by the heat conduction network of formation.The hot-fluid network of disperal pattern and incorporation model is illustrated
Figure is as shown in Figure 6 respectively.The capacity of heat transmission depends on the transmission efficiency of hot-fluid network.Hot-fluid network efficiency by hot conode distribution
Situation and quantity determine：Distributed mass of the hot conode in space is higher, number is more, and hot-fluid network efficiency is higher, model heat
Conductance is higher；When the very poor but number of the hot conode distribution of a model is very much, the efficiency of hot-fluid network is still very low.Group
Poly- carbon nanotubes model can also form hot-fluid network (such as Fig. 2 (b)), but not have bonded channel between localized network, so heat conduction
Ability is relatively low.
The influence of the form thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes
The form of carbon nanotubes is characterized by effective length,
η=Lc/Ll (2)
Wherein η is effective length, LcFor carbon nanotubes both ends air line distance, L1It is the length of curve of carbon nanotubes.It is effectively long
The form why degree can more characterize carbon nanotubes than angle of bend is because it has considered angle of bend and bending direction
Two factors.Up to the present, also without influence of the numerical model quantitative study effective length to heat conductivity.In phase
Under same volume content (0.300vol%), it is respectively 0.45,0.57,0.75,0.98 4 to establish carbon nanotubes effective length
Model simultaneously calculates thermal conductivity.As a result (Fig. 7) is shown：Carbon nanotubes effective length has considerable influence to model thermal conductivity, in carbon
When nanotube content is 0.300vol%, effective length increases to 0.98 from 0.45, and model thermal conductivity increases from 0.28w/ (mk)
To 0.40w/ (mk).Carbon nanotubes effective length is bigger, and model thermal conductivity is higher, this is because curling for carbon nanotubes result in
From agglomeration.
Effective length is to characterize the physical quantity of carbon nanotube morphology, and effective length is smaller, and carbon nanotubes is more curved, that is to say, that
Carbon nanotubes, which is curled, can reduce its effective length.Curl phenomenon and can be understood as carbon nanotubes generation from reunion.
The basic principle and main feature and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of conductivity studies emulation of composite material and modeling method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) controllability single-root carbon nano-tube model automatization generates：Under the conditions of existing computing resource, carbon nanotube diameter is set
For 1nm, initial length is set to 100nm, to be successfully generated this model in ANSYS finite element softwares, is spelled using multistage straight cylinder
Connect and generate curvature of space carbon nanotubes at interface point in the method for circular sliding slopes, utilize matlab Software Create first segments
Straight cylinder, its position and direction is random, after generating first segment straight cylinder carbon nanotubes, according to the angle of bend of setting with the
The terminal of one section of straight cylinder generates carbon nanotubes below as the starting point of second segment straight cylinder, both front and rear angles are in control
In angular range, circular sliding slopes are sentenced again between two sections of straight cylinders, and circular arc curvature is controllable, and carbon nanotubes bending, which controls, in model exists
Between 0-96 °, and so on, until total length of carbon nanotube reaches the length of setting, that is, generate single 3D- vermiforms carbon nanometer
Pipe；After generating first CNT, the carbon nanotubes that is subsequently generated need to detect its therewith previous existence into carbon nanotubes between it is dry
Situation is related to, that is, contacts depth, gives it up if contact depth is more than setting value, continues to generate；
(2) controllability reunion carbon nanotubes model automatization generates：Received by the group number and every group of carbon that control reunion carbon nanotubes
The carbon nanotubes radical that mitron includes controls the reunion degree of carbon nanotubes.First in 100 × 100 × 100nm3Volume range
It is interior at random generation one reunion point, then near this reunion point generate certain amount carbon nanotubes, such one form a team it is poly-
Carbon nanotubes just generates, remaining reunion carbon nanotubes is generated also according to such method, pre-set until having reached
Untill reunion degree, remaining carbon nanotubes random distribution is to ensure that carbon nanotube by volume content is identical in model；
(3) FEM calculation：Use 100 × 100 × 100nm3Cube as representative volume element solve domain, thermal conductivity Kc
Calculation formula:
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<mo>=</mo>
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Wherein kcIt is heat conductivity, unit is w/ (mk)；Tz+ is the mean temperature for applying hot-fluid face, and unit is k；
Tz- is the mean temperature for applying room temperature face, and unit is k；qzIt is the heat flow density applied in hot-fluid face, unit is w/m2；Δ z is
The distance between hot-fluid face and room temperature face, unit is m；Apply a hot-fluid load using statistical method is each on six faces of model
Lotus, corresponding opposite apply room temperature load, and each opposite can calculate a thermal conductivity, and final heat conductivity takes
The average value of six thermal conductivity result of calculation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109766669A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-17 | 四川大学 | Predict the visualization mathematical model method of conductive composite material resistance and its response |
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