CN105868446B - A kind of across scale emulation mode of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic - Google Patents

A kind of across scale emulation mode of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic Download PDF

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CN105868446B
CN105868446B CN201610172556.8A CN201610172556A CN105868446B CN 105868446 B CN105868446 B CN 105868446B CN 201610172556 A CN201610172556 A CN 201610172556A CN 105868446 B CN105868446 B CN 105868446B
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contact
mrow
bulge
critical component
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CN105868446A (en
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程锦
周振栋
林志强
冯毅雄
刘振宇
谭建荣
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of across the scale emulation modes of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic.This method determines high speed stamping equipment critical component main heating source during the work time and its caloric value first.It is then determined that influencing the heat transfer approach and thermaltransmission mode of critical component thermo parameters method, convection transfer rate is calculated.The fractal dimension and characteristic length of critical component solid rough surface are obtained, solid rough surface is simulated, considers three kinds of elasticity, plasticity, elastoplasticity different distortion mechanism, its thermal contact resistance is calculated, so as to obtain the contact heat transfer coefficient of all kinds of solid interfaces.Thermal characteristic Finite Element Simulation Analysis finally is carried out to high speed stamping equipment critical component.The present invention considers shape changeable mechanism, in the case where considering dynamic friction constraints, deformation is divided into three kinds of situations and calculates matrix thermal resistance respectively so that emulation mode is more comprehensive to the analysis of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic, accurate, is more in line with actual conditions.

Description

A kind of across scale emulation mode of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic
Technical field
The present invention relates to high speed stamping technical fields more particularly to a kind of high speed stamping to equip critical component thermal characteristic Across scale emulation mode.
Background technology
High speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic analysis mainly has test method(s) and emulation mode.Test method(s) need to carry out greatly The measurement of complete machine temperature field is completed in amount experiment, when temperature information gathers, can not complete machine all placement sensors, and be typically to rush The standby some positions of press fitting are arranged, and the position of sensor directly affects the accurate acquisition of temperature information, finally influences heat analysis The precision of model.In addition the equipment that test method(s) needs is more, and cost costly, does not possess versatility.Emulation mode is by existing Finite element software to high speed stamping equipment critical component carry out Simulation modeling and analysis calculating, can obtain high efficiency, low cost It the changing rule of high speed stamping equipment critical component internal temperature field and transitional heat balance time, extensively should be obtained in engineering With.
Ensure the validity of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic simulation analysis result, key is accurately All kinds of thermal environment parameters when calculating thermal characteristic simulation analysis build the thermal characteristic simulation analysis model with being actually consistent, In, accurate calculate of solid interfaces transmission of heat by contact parameter, that is, thermal contact resistance is difficult point.Thermal contact resistance is as decision solid contact An important parameter of heat transfer between face has direct and important shadow to the thermal characteristic of high speed stamping equipment critical component It rings, therefore, high speed stamping must take into full account solid interfaces contact heat when equipping the thermal characteristic simulation analysis of critical component The influence of resistance.
In high speed stamping equipment operational process, rolling bearing, sliding bearing junction are as main heating source part, contact Thermal resistance becomes apparent the effect of shutting off in temperature field, need to take into full account the microscopic appearance feature of its contact surface and elasticity, plasticity, bullet Three kinds of deformation modes of plasticity, foundation and the thermal contact resistance computation model for the solid interfaces being actually consistent, accurately calculate each contact The transmission of heat by contact parameter in face, so as to ensure the accuracy of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic simulation analysis result.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high speed stamping equipment hot spy of critical component Across the scale emulation mode of property.The carrying out practically situation for equipping critical component according to high speed stamping first determines that the critical component exists Main heating source in the course of work, and calculate its caloric value.Then heat is determined according to the specific contact type in each component contact face Transfer mode calculates forced-convection heat transfer coefficient and NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT.Considering the true microscopic appearance of solid interfaces In the case of polygon mechanism, the thermal contact resistance calculation formula of all kinds of solid interfaces is provided, so as to be contacted accordingly Heat transfer coefficient.Critical component threedimensional model finally is established using Pro/E, is imported in ANSYS workbench, grid division, if Material properties and the thermal environment parameter being calculated are put, carrying out finite element to the thermal characteristic of high speed stamping equipment critical component imitates True analysis.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of high speed stamping equips the hot spy of critical component Across the scale emulation mode of property, this method comprise the following steps:
1) determining, which influences high speed stamping, equips each main heating source of critical component thermo parameters method, and calculates each main heating source Caloric value.
2) determine to influence heat transfer approach and thermaltransmission mode that high speed stamping equips critical component thermo parameters method, calculate Go out convection transfer rate.
3) consider that the solid contact Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces heat transfer coefficient of shape changeable mechanism calculates under meso-scale, specifically include Following sub-step:
3.1) high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface is obtained using power spectrum method and W-M fractal functions Fractal dimension D and characteristic length G, using dividing, the solid contact of shape-monte carlo modelling punching press equipment critical component is coarse Surface;The rough surface is made of the irregular alignment of dimpling peak, and the dimpling peak is new through self affine transition structure by micro-bulge Micro-bulge stacks, then is stacked by newly-generated micro-bulge through the new micro-bulge of self affine transition structure, and so on, until newly-generated Micro- contact diameter of micro-bulge is less than setting value;
3.2) bulk resistance for calculating the micro-bulge that dimpling peak is formed on critical component solid contact rough surface is micro- with this Thermal resistance between the different area contact point of hill;
3.3) micro-bulge at dimpling peak will be formed on critical component solid contact rough surface, according to its micro- contact radius Size is divided into flexible deformation micro-bulge, elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge and plastic deformation micro-bulge;Specific sorting technique is as follows:Meter Calculate critical micro- contact radius of flexible deformation and critical micro- contact radius of plastic deformation;Using two critical micro- contact radius as Waypoint if micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is less than critical micro- contact radius of flexible deformation, is classified as flexible deformation Micro-bulge;If micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is more than critical micro- contact radius of plastic deformation, it is classified as being plastically deformed Micro-bulge;Remaining is classified as elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge;
3.4) for the micro-bulge that different deformation occurs, its matrix thermal resistance is calculated respectively;
3.5) matrix thermal resistance, bulk resistance and dimpling of the micro-bulge at dimpling peak will be formed on solid contact rough surface Thermal resistance is connected between the different area contact point at peak, obtains each dimpling on high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface The thermal contact resistance at peak;
3.6) it is the thermal contact resistance at dimpling peak all on solid contact rough surface is in parallel, critical component is calculated and consolidates Body contacts the thermal contact resistance of rough surface.
3.7) it is the thermal contact resistance result of calculation of critical component solid contact rough surface is inverted, it is thick to obtain solid contact The contact heat transfer coefficient on rough surface.
4) high speed stamping equips critical component thermal characteristic simulation analysis under macro-scale:Utilize Pro/E structure keys portion The threedimensional model of part, imports ANSYS workbench, and grid division, the material properties of each part in set parts.According to step Rapid result of calculation 1), 2), 3) sets caloric value, convection transfer rate and contact needed for the emulation of critical component thermal characteristic Heat transfer coefficient carries out thermal characteristic simulation analysis under macro-scale to high speed stamping equipment critical component.
Further, elastically-deformable critical micro- contact radius R based on shape changeable mechanism1It is critical micro- with plastic deformation Contact radius R2Calculation formula it is as follows:
In formula:σyFor material yield strength;K is the smaller value of the respective ratio of hardness and yield strength of two contact materials;l Starting section transverse width is deformed for micro-bulge;E is effective modulus of elasticity;G is characterized length;D is fractal dimension.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:In the case where considering dynamic friction factor, elasticity, the bullet of micro-bulge have been considered Three kinds of plasticity, perfect plasticity deformation lower substrate thermal resistances should have different calculations.Meanwhile the thermal resistance network on contact surface Model has considered the thermal resistance between matrix thermal resistance, bulk resistance and different area contact point, makes computation model more comprehensively, So that proposed emulation mode is more comprehensive, accurate to the analysis of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic, it is more in line with Actual conditions.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is across the scale simulation contact surface that high speed stamping equips critical component thermal characteristic;
Fig. 2 equips force application mechanism 1/2 for high speed stamping and simplifies symmetrical junction composition;
Fig. 3 is with the flow chart that shape-Monte Carlo Method is divided to generate rough surface;
Fig. 4 is the change of temperature field tendency chart of the high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism obtained by across scale emulation mode.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Across the scale simulation flow of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic is as shown in Figure 1.It is equipped with high speed stamping Exemplified by force application mechanism thermal characteristic simulation analysis, it is main to illustrate that high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic is emulated across scale Step.High speed stamping equipment force application mechanism is mainly made of main shaft, connecting rod, upper beam, sliding block, bearing etc..Fig. 2 is phase of the present invention The high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism 1/2 answered simplifies symmetrical junction composition.Emulation mode is specific as follows:
1) high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism Analysis On Heat Source is calculated with caloric value;
The carrying out practically situation equipped according to high speed stamping determines to influence high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism thermo parameters method Main heating source come from sliding bearing caloric value and rolling bearing caloric value.
It is sliding bearing that the bearing shell of the bearing shell of upper beam and main shaft, connecting rod and main shaft is actual, similar to rolling bearing, sliding When dynamic bearing works, the heat of bearing is changed by frictional work.The heat of bearing generation per second can utilize bearing friction because Number, the loaded and bearing peripheral velocity calculating of bearing institute acquire.
Rolling bearing fever frictional heat of rolling element and raceway as caused by plus load moment of friction, is glued by lubricant It the viscous friction heat that overcomes rolling element viscous drag and generate caused by degree torque and is connect by rolling element with Internal and external cycle raceway It touches the spin friction heat for occurring to spin generation in area to be formed, each frictional heat can be calculated respectively so as to obtain the hair of rolling bearing Heat.
High speed stamping equipment each heat source caloric value result of calculation of force application mechanism is as shown in table 1, and W is unit --- watt.
Table 1
2) high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism Analysis of heat transfer is calculated with convection transfer rate;
2.1) high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism Analysis of heat transfer
It determines to influence heat transfer approach and thermaltransmission mode that high speed stamping equips force application mechanism thermo parameters method, calculate Convection transfer rate.
The transmission of heat is as caused by the temperature difference, and under action of thermal difference, heat is spontaneously transmitted to low temperature object from high temp objects Body realizes the transmission of heat.The thermaltransmission mode of high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism main heating source is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
2.2) high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism convection transfer rate calculates
High speed stamping equipment force application mechanism heat convection mainly includes:Main shaft upper bearing (metal) contact portion simulates the strong of lubricating oil Heat the thermal natural convection for forcing thermal convection current, high speed stamping equipped case and air of convection current, main shaft and air.Thermal convection current follows Newtonian Cooling formula, size are represented by convection transfer rate.Coolant flow state is judged by Reynolds number, and according to Nu Saier Number can calculate the convection transfer rate of main shaft difference component.
Force the stream coefficient of heat transfer can be by axle journal where the thermal conductivity factor, nusselt number, bearing of component surrounding fluid Diameter or main shaft equivalent diameter are solved.
Naturally the stream coefficient of heat transfer can be solved by grashof number and Prandtl number.
High speed stamping equipment force application mechanism convection transfer rate result of calculation is as shown in table 3, and W, m and K are unit --- watt Special, rice and Kelvin.
Table 3
Thermal convection current (W/(m2·K))
It simulates lubricating oil and forces thermal convection current 204.9
Thermal convection current is forced in main shaft rotation 85.2
Forcing press shell thermal natural convection 5
3) consider that the solid contact Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces heat transfer coefficient of shape changeable mechanism calculates under meso-scale, specifically include Following sub-step:
3.1) high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface is obtained using power spectrum method and W-M fractal functions Fractal dimension D and characteristic length G, using dividing, the solid contact of shape-monte carlo modelling punching press equipment critical component is coarse Surface;The rough surface is made of the irregular alignment of dimpling peak, and the dimpling peak is new through self affine transition structure by micro-bulge Micro-bulge stacks, then is stacked by newly-generated micro-bulge through the new micro-bulge of self affine transition structure, and so on, until newly-generated Micro- contact diameter of micro-bulge is less than setting value;
3.2) bulk resistance for calculating the micro-bulge that dimpling peak is formed on critical component solid contact rough surface is micro- with this Thermal resistance between the different area contact point of hill;
3.3) micro-bulge at dimpling peak will be formed on critical component solid contact rough surface, according to its micro- contact radius Size is divided into flexible deformation micro-bulge, elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge and plastic deformation micro-bulge;Specific sorting technique is as follows:Meter Calculate critical micro- contact radius R of flexible deformation1With critical micro- contact radius R of plastic deformation2, calculation formula is as follows:
In formula:σyFor material yield strength;K is the smaller value of the respective ratio of hardness and yield strength of two contact materials;l Starting section transverse width is deformed for micro-bulge;E is effective modulus of elasticity;G is characterized length;D is fractal dimension.
Using two critical micro- contact radius as waypoint, if micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is less than the critical of flexible deformation Micro- contact radius is then classified as flexible deformation micro-bulge;If micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is more than the critical of plastic deformation Micro- contact radius is then classified as plastic deformation micro-bulge;Remaining is classified as elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge;
3.4) for the micro-bulge that different deformation occurs, its matrix thermal resistance is calculated respectively;
3.5) matrix thermal resistance, bulk resistance and dimpling of the micro-bulge at dimpling peak will be formed on solid contact rough surface Thermal resistance is connected between the different area contact point at peak, obtains each dimpling on high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface The thermal contact resistance at peak;
3.6) it is the thermal contact resistance at dimpling peak all on solid contact rough surface is in parallel, critical component is calculated and consolidates Body contacts the thermal contact resistance of rough surface.
3.7) it is the thermal contact resistance result of calculation of critical component solid contact rough surface is inverted, it is thick to obtain solid contact The contact heat transfer coefficient on rough surface, result of calculation is as shown in table 4, and W, m and K are unit --- watt, rice and Kelvin.
Table 4
4) high speed stamping equips force application mechanism thermal characteristic simulation analysis under macro-scale:High-speed punching is built using Pro/E The threedimensional model of the standby force application mechanism of press fitting, is conducted into ANSYS workbench, as needed definite sizing grid and division Mode.After mesh generation, material properties are set, and according to step 2) and 3) result of calculation, which is set Caloric value, convection transfer rate and the contact heat transfer coefficient of each heat source carry out high speed stamping equipment force application mechanism thermal characteristic Simulation analysis, simulation result are as shown in Figure 4.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of across scale emulation mode of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermal characteristic, which is characterized in that this method includes Following steps:
1) determining, which influences high speed stamping, equips each main heating source of critical component thermo parameters method, and calculates the hair of each main heating source Heat;
2) determine to influence the heat transfer approach and thermaltransmission mode of high speed stamping equipment critical component thermo parameters method, calculate pair Flow the coefficient of heat transfer;
3) consider that the solid contact Studies On Contacts of Rough Surfaces heat transfer coefficient of shape changeable mechanism calculates under meso-scale, specifically include following Sub-step:
3.1) point of high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface is obtained with W-M fractal functions using power spectrum method Shape dimension D and characteristic length G utilizes the solid contact rough surface for dividing shape-monte carlo modelling punching press equipment critical component; The rough surface is made of the irregular alignment of dimpling peak, and the dimpling peak is by micro-bulge through the new micro-bulge of self affine transition structure It stacks, then is stacked by newly-generated micro-bulge through the new micro-bulge of self affine transition structure, and so on, until newly-generated micro-bulge Micro- contact diameter be less than setting value;
3.2) bulk resistance and the dimpling peak for the micro-bulge that dimpling peak is formed on critical component solid contact rough surface are calculated Different area contact point between thermal resistance;
3.3) micro-bulge at dimpling peak will be formed on critical component solid contact rough surface, according to the big of its micro- contact radius It is small, it is divided into flexible deformation micro-bulge, elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge and plastic deformation micro-bulge;Specific sorting technique is as follows:It calculates Critical micro- contact radius of flexible deformation and critical micro- contact radius of plastic deformation;Flexible deformation based on shape changeable mechanism Critical micro- contact radius R1With critical micro- contact radius R of plastic deformation2Calculation formula it is as follows:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> <msup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>D</mi> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>&amp;pi;EG</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>110</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </msup> <msub> <mi>K&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> <msup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>D</mi> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>&amp;pi;EG</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
In formula:σyFor material yield strength;K is the smaller value of the respective ratio of hardness and yield strength of two contact materials;L is micro- Convex body deforms starting section transverse width;E is effective modulus of elasticity;G is characterized length;D is fractal dimension;
Using two critical micro- contact radius as waypoint, if micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is less than the critical of flexible deformation and micro- connects Radius is touched, then is classified as flexible deformation micro-bulge;It micro- is connect if micro- contact radius of micro-bulge is more than the critical of plastic deformation Radius is touched, then is classified as plastic deformation micro-bulge;Remaining is classified as elastic-plastic deformation micro-bulge;
3.4) for the micro-bulge that different deformation occurs, its matrix thermal resistance is calculated respectively;
3.5) the matrix thermal resistance of the micro-bulge at dimpling peak, bulk resistance and the dimpling peak will be formed on solid contact rough surface Thermal resistance is connected between different area contact point, obtains each dimpling peak on high speed stamping equipment critical component solid contact rough surface Thermal contact resistance;
3.6) it is the thermal contact resistance at dimpling peak all on solid contact rough surface is in parallel, critical component solid is calculated and connects Touch the thermal contact resistance of rough surface;
3.7) it is the thermal contact resistance result of calculation of critical component solid contact rough surface is inverted, obtain the coarse table of solid contact The contact heat transfer coefficient in face;
4) high speed stamping equips critical component thermal characteristic simulation analysis under macro-scale:Utilize Pro/E structure critical components Threedimensional model, imports ANSYS workbench, and grid division, the material properties of each part in set parts;According to step 1), result of calculation 2), 3) sets the caloric value needed for the emulation of critical component thermal characteristic, convection transfer rate and contact to pass Hot coefficient carries out thermal characteristic simulation analysis under macro-scale to high speed stamping equipment critical component.
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